Running head: CELL BIOLOGY 1

Cell Biology

Name

Institutional affiliation
CELL BIOLOGY 2

1. c) actin, e) z line

2. c) Intraflagella transport of tubulin.

3. b) cross-bridge dissociation.

4. Names of the polypeptides in troponin complex: Troponin T, Troponin C, Troponin I.

Subunit that interacts with calcium ions: Troponin C.

Subunit in contact with actin: Troponin T.

5. Vinblastine – B. microtubules

Latrunculin A- A. microfilaments

Colcemid – B. microtubules

Cytocholastin D- A. microfilaments

Colchicine – B. microtubules

Nocadazole – B. microtubules

Phalloidin – A. microtubules

Taxol- B. microtubules

6. e) Link adjacent doublets and play a part in converting sliding into bending.

7. C) H-zone becomes smaller.

8. D)myosin has ATPase activity e) actin has ATPase activity

9. Kinesin

Tektin

10. B) dynein

11. B) skeletal muscle fibers

a) Cardiac muscle fibers

b) c)smooth muscle fibers

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12. a) I bands; A bands

13. a) Arp2/3 complex

b) G actin

d) capping protein

c) WASP

e) Profiling

14. a) stabilizes microfilaments by binding to them.

15. b) alpha actinin

k) myosin

i) actin

d) titin

h) tropomodulin

g) calcium ion ATPase

f) nebulin

e) myomesin

c) troponin

a) Cap Z

16. f) z lines get closer together

b) The M and Z lines get closer together

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17. cross-bridge formation

Power stroke

Cocking of myosin head

Cross-bridge dissociation

18. e) lack of ATP stops dissociation of the cross-bridges

19. d) neurotransmitters are stored in vesicles in the axon terminal.

20. actin

Cap Z

Myomesin

Myosin

Nebulin

Titin

21.b) cocking of the myosin head

22. myofibrils

Cytoplasm

Calcium

23. I band irregular.

24. c) the power stroke

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25. d) linker protein connecting microtubules, microfilaments and intermediate filaments.

26. a) removes calcium from sarcoplasm

27. Lamelipodium

Filopodium

28. d) sarcoplasmic reticulum.

29. d) binds tubulin and inhibits polymerization.

30. Striations.

31. B) myosin II inactive

J) Step 3

I) Calmodulin inactive

D) Step 1

K) MLCK (inactive)

F) Myosin II (active)

E) Step 2

A) Step 4

G) MLCK active

H) Step 5

C) Active Calmodulin, a calcim-calmodulin complex

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32. d) Rho

33. a) cilia lining the respiratory tract

34. e) elongation.

35. c) outer doublets: central pair

36. a) dynamic instability

37. 12nm

24nm

38. e) stathmin/O18

39. nuclear lamins A, B and C

40. e) thin sheet of projections from cells used for movement,

41. A) axoneme

C) transition zone

B) basal body

42.a) by addition of tubulin subunits at either ends of the microtubule.

43. e) stabilize microfilaments

44. b) tau

45. b) microvilli.

46. b) actin
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47. d) were not clearly recognized until improved fixation techniques became available in 1990.

48. c) stabilization of axon of neuronal cells.

49. c) slides along the actin in sarcomere of muscle - myosin II

d) activation of sliding in flagellar – axonemal dynein.

a) moves towards minus end of a microtubule – kinesin 14

b) moves cargo towards the plus end of a microtubule – kinesin I

50. d) are complete microtubules,

51. d) FtsZ

52. a) Only microtubule have polarity such that one end is different from the other end, a plus

end and minus end.

53. c) Cilia generate a force parallel to the cell surface

54. Microfilaments, microtubules and intermediate filaments respectively

55. e) ƴ-tubulin; tubulin GTP

56. A Radial spokes – slide microtubules past one another

B Sidearms – project inward at each doublet

C B tubule – incomplete microtubule ring

D A tubule – complete microtubule

E nexin – links adjacent doublets

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57. Actin-binding proteins are used to connect actin to proteins, such as integrin in the plasma

membrane

58. c) actin and c) FtsZ

59. c) intermediate filaments

60. d) muscle contraction

61. c) cell division

62. a) activation of sliding in flagellar microtubule

63. F. Oligomers

64. c) actin filaments may be cut into short pentamers (5 monomers in length) to be bundled

65. c) tropomodulin

66. e) calmodulin

67. a) are composed of polymerized G-actin monomers that are wound around each other in a

helix

68. c) nestin – connective tissue

69. b) A tubules

70. e) acts as an anchor for both ends of the microtubule

71. b) nonmuscle myosins

72. b) the concentration of tubulin dimers at which assembly is balanced with disassembly

73. c) taxol; breast cancer

CELL BIOLOGY 9

74. a) cell movement

75. c) links adjustment doublets

76. d) B tubule
CELL BIOLOGY 10

References

Löfke, C., Dünser, K., Scheuring, D., & Kleine-Vehn, J. (2015). Auxin regulates SNARE-

dependent vacuolar morphology restricting cell size. eLife, 4.

Monterisi, S., Lobo, M. J., Livie, C., Castle, J. C., Weinberger, M., Baillie, G., …

Zaccolo, M. (2017). PDE2A2 regulates mitochondria morphology and apoptotic cell

death via local modulation of cAMP/PKA signalling. eLife, 6.