PRINCIPLES OF

CHEMISTRY
10. RATES OF REACTION
Objectives

Students will be able to:

▶ 10.1 Define rate of reaction.
▶ 10.2 Identify the factors which affect the rate of reaction.
▶ 10.3 Predict the effect of factors on rates of reaction from
given data.
▶ 10.4 Interpret graphical representation of data obtained in
studying rates of reaction.
 What do we mean by rate of reaction?
Different chemical reactions occur at different
speeds.
The speed of the reaction is called the rate of
reaction.
During chemical reactions, reactants are consumed
and products are formed.
Amount of reactant decreases and the amount of
product increase.
 Rate of Reaction

The change in concentration of a reactant or

product with time at a particular
temperature.
Factors that affect the rate of reaction?
Even though different reactions have different speeds
based on the nature of the reactants, there are many
factors that can be manipulated in order to speed up
or slow down a reaction.
 How do substances react?
In order for substances to react they must come
into contact with each other.
- in the correct orientation.
- as well as, with sufficient energy.
Factors that affect the rate of reaction?
Concentration
▶ The rate of reaction increases if the concentration
of reactants increase.
▶ More reactants in the same volume will lead to an
increase in the number of successful collisions.
Factors that affect the rate of reaction?
Temperature
▶ An increase in temperature leads to an increase in
the rate of a reaction.
▶ Reactants have more kinetic energy hence move
faster and collide more often. They also collide
with more energy increasing the likelihood of a
reactions taking place.
Factors that affect the rate of reaction?
Surface Area
▶ Increasing the surface area of the reactants
increases the rate of reaction.
▶ More reactants will be available to participate in
the reactions, therefore the frequency of
successful collisions will increase.
Factors that affect the rate of reaction?
Catalyst
▶ A catalyst increases the rate of a reaction without
being consumed throughout the course of the
reaction.
▶ catalysts work by decreasing the activation energy
needed for the reaction to occur, thus increasing
the number of reactants that will have a successful
collision.
What does this graph tell you?
What does this graph tell you?
What does this graph tell you?
What does this graph tell you?
What does this graph tell you?
References
▶ https://www.slideshare.net/sathiakumaran/81-reaction-rate
▶ http://www.compoundchem.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/Factors-Affecting-Rate-of-
Reaction.png
▶ https://www.slideshare.net/elmochem/chapter-14-lecture-chemical-kinetics
▶ https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/41/Molecular-collisions.jpg
▶ http://biology.reachingfordreams.com/chemistry-cheat-sheet/energy-changes-and-rates-
of-reaction/37-reaction-rates.html
▶ http://www2.sluh.org/bioweb/apbio/labs/apl02ratevssubstrate.png
▶ http://www.gcsescience.com/reaction-rates-different-catalyst-amount.gif
▶ http://www.bbc.co.uk/staticarchive/ed842f37932f59302a3fdff58152dc80f668d46f.jpg