Shanghai Singapore International School G11 Chemistry Test – HL Topic 5,6& 7 May14

Name ………………………………………Mark ………out of ……….

1. What energy changes occur when chemical bonds are formed and broken?

A. Energy is absorbed when bonds are formed and when they are broken.

B. Energy is released when bonds are formed and when they are broken.

C. Energy is absorbed when bonds are formed and released when they are broken.

D. Energy is released when bonds are formed and absorbed when they are broken.

2. The temperature of a 2.0 g sample of aluminium increases from 25°C to 30°C.

How many joules of heat energy were added? (Specific heat of Al = 0.90 J g–1K–1)

A. 0.36

B. 2.3

C. 9.0

D. 11

3. Using the equations below:

C(s) + O2(g) → CO2(g) ∆H = –390 kJ

Mn(s) + O2(g) → MnO2(s) ∆H = –520 kJ

what is ∆H (in kJ) for the following reaction?

MnO2(s) + C(s) ® Mn(s) + CO2(g)

A. 910

B. 130

C. –130

D. –910

4. Which statements about exothermic reactions are correct?

I. They have negative DH values.

II. The products have a lower enthalpy than the reactants.

III. The products are more energetically stable than the reactants.

A. I and II only

B. I and III only

C. II and III only

D. I, II and III

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5. A sample of a metal is heated. Which of the following are needed to calculate the heat absorbed
by the sample?

I. The mass of the sample

II. The density of the sample

III. The specific heat capacity of the sample

A. I and II only

B. I and III only

C. II and III only

D. I, II and III

6. The average bond enthalpies for O—O and O==O are 146 and 496 kJ mol–1 respectively.
What is the enthalpy change, in kJ, for the reaction below?

H—O—O—H(g) ® H—O—H(g) + ½O==O(g)

A. – 102 B. + 102

C. + 350 D. + 394

7. When the solids Ba(OH)2 and NH4SCN are mixed, a solution is produced and the
temperature drops.

Ba(OH)2(s) + 2NH4SCN(s) → Ba(SCN)2(aq) + 2NH3(g) + 2H2O(l)

Which statement about the energetics of this reaction is correct?

A. The reaction is endothermic and DH is negative.

B. The reaction is endothermic and DH is positive.

C. The reaction is exothermic and DH is negative.

D. The reaction is exothermic and DH is positive.

8. Using the equations below

Cu(s) + 1
2
O2(g) → CuO(s)∆Hο = –156 kJ

2Cu(s) + 1
2
O2(g) → Cu2O(s)∆Hο = –170 kJ

what is the value of ∆Hο (in kJ) for the following reaction?

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2CuO(s) → Cu2O(s) + 2
O2(g)

A. 142 B. 15

C. –15 D. –142

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9. Which combination of ionic charge and ionic radius give the largest lattice enthalpy for an ionic
compound?

Ionic charge Ionic radius

A. high large
B. high small
C. low small
D. low large

10. The lattice enthalpy values for lithium fluoride and calcium fluoride are shown below.

LiF(s) ∆Hο = +1022 kJ mol–1

CaF2(s) ∆Hο = +2602 kJ mol–1

Which of the following statements help(s) to explain why the value for lithium fluoride is less
than that for calcium fluoride?

I. The ionic radius of lithium is less than that of calcium.

II. The ionic charge of lithium is less than that of calcium.

A. I only

B. II only

C. I and II

D. Neither I nor II

11. Which reaction has the most negative ∆Hο value?

A. LiF(s) → Li+(g) + F–(g)

B. Li+(g) + F–(g) → LiF(s)

C. NaCl(s) → Na+(g) + Cl–(g)

D. Na+(g) + Cl–(g) → NaCl(s)

12. Which type of reaction is referred to in the definition of standard enthalpy change of formation?

A. the formation of a compound from its elements

B. the formation of a crystal from its ions

C. the formation of a molecule from its atoms

D. the formation of a compound from other compounds

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13. What is the correct order of decreasing entropy for a pure substance?

A. gas > liquid > solid

B. solid > liquid > gas

C. solid > gas > liquid

D. liquid > solid > gas

14. Which reaction has the largest positive value of DSӨ?

A. CO2(g) + 3H2(g) ® CH3OH(g) + H2O(g)

B. 2Al(s) + 3S(s) ® Al2S3(s)

C. CH4(g) + H2O(g) ® 3H2(g) + CO(g)

D. 2S(s) + 3O2(g) ® 2SO3(g)

15. Which is a correct equation to represent the lattice enthalpy of magnesium sulfide?

A. MgS(s) ® Mg(s) + S(s)

B. MgS(s) ® Mg(g) + S(g)

C. MgS(s) ® Mg+(g) + S–(g)

D. MgS(s) ® Mg2+(g) + S2–(g)

16. Which equation represents a change with a negative value for DS?

A. 2H2(g) + O2(g) ® 2H2O(g)

B. H2O(s) ® H2O(g)

C. H2(g) + Cl2(g) ® 2HCl(g)

D. 2NH3(g) ® N2(g) + 3H2(g)

17. The expression for the standard free energy change of a reaction is given by

DGӨ = DHӨ – TDSӨ

What are the signs for DHӨ and DSӨ for a reaction that is spontaneous at all temperatures?

DHӨ DSӨ
A. + –
B. – +
C. + +
D. – –

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18. Which of the following is (are) important in determining whether a reaction occurs?

I. Energy of the molecules

II. Orientation of the molecules

A. I only

B. II only

C. Both I and II

D. Neither I nor II

19. Consider the reaction between solid CaCO3 and aqueous HCl. The reaction will be speeded up
by an increase in which of the following conditions?

I. Concentration of the HCl

II. Size of the CaCO3 particles

III. Temperature

A. I only

B. I and III only

C. II and III only

D. I, II and III

20. Excess magnesium was added to a beaker of aqueous hydrochloric acid on a balance. A graph
of the mass of the beaker and contents was plotted against time (line 1).

Mass

Time

What change in the experiment could give line 2?

I. The same mass of magnesium but in smaller pieces

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 II. The same volume of a more concentrated solution of hydrochloric acid

III. A lower temperature

A. I only

B. II only

C. III only

D. None of the above

21. The rate of a reaction between two gases increases when the temperature is increased and a
catalyst is added. Which statements are both correct for the effect of these changes on the
reaction?

Increasing the temperature Adding a catalyst

A. Collision frequency increases Activation energy increases
B. Activation energy increases Activation energy does not change
C. Activation energy does not change Activation energy decreases
D. Activation energy increases Collision frequency increases

22. Which of the following is (are) altered when a liquid at its boiling point is converted to a gas at
the same temperature?

I. The size of the molecules

II. The distance between the molecules

III. The average kinetic energy of the molecules

A. I only

B. II only

C. III only

D. I and II only

23. Based on the definition for rate of reaction, which units are used for a rate?

A. mol dm–3

B. mol time–1

C. dm time–1

D. mol dm–3 time–1

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24. The reaction between NO2 and F2 gives the following rate data at a certain temperature.
What is the order of reaction with respect to NO2 and F2?

[NO2]/mol dm–3 [F2]/mol dm–3 Rate /mol dm–3 min–

1

0.1 0.2 0.1

0.2 0.2 0.4
0.1 0.4 0.2

NO2 order F2 order

A. first first
B. first second
C. second first
D. second second

25. Which step in a multi-step reaction is the rate determining step?

A. The first step

B. The last step

C. The step with the lowest activation energy

D. The step with the highest activation energy

26. The rate expression for a reaction is shown below.

rate = k[A]2[B]2

Which statements are correct for this reaction?

I. The reaction is second order with respect to both A and B.

II. The overall order of the reaction is 4.

III. Doubling the concentration of A would have the same effect on the rate of reaction
as doubling the concentration of B.

A. I and II only

B. I and III only

C. II and III only

D. I, II and III

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27. Values of a rate constant, k, and absolute temperature, T, can be used to determine the activation
energy of a reaction by a graphical method. Which graph produces a straight line?

A. k versus T

B. k versus 1
T

C. ln k versus T

D. ln k versus 1
T

28. The rate expression for a particular reaction is

Rate = k[P][Q]

Which of the units below is a possible unit for k?

A. mol–2 dm6 min–1

B. mol–1 dm3 min–1

C. mol dm3 min–1

D. mol–2 dm–6 min–1

29. The reaction 2X(g) + Y(g) ® 3Z(g) has the rate expression

rate = k [X]2[Y]0

The concentration of X is increased by a factor of three and the concentration of Y is increased

by a factor of two. By what factor will the reaction rate increase?

A. 6 B. 9

C. 12 D. 18

30. A reaction occurs in four steps. The steps and their rates are shown in the table

Step Rate
1 0.01 mol dm–3 s–1
2 0.10 mol dm–3 s–1
3 0.01 mol dm–3 min–1
4 0.10 mol dm–3 min–1

Which is the rate-determining step?

A. Step 1 B. Step 2

C. Step 3 D. Step 4

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31. For the reaction below

H2(g) + I2(g) 2HI(g)

at a certain temperature, the equilibrium concentrations are (in mol dm–3)

[H2] = 0.30, [I2] = 0.30, [HI] = 3.0

What is the value of K?

A. 5.0 B. 10 C. 15 D. 100

32. The value of the equilibrium constant for the reaction

2HI(g) H2(g) + I2(g)

is 0.25 at 440°C. What would the value of the equilibrium constant be for the following reaction
at the same temperature?

H2(g) + I2(g) 2HI(g)

A. 0.25 B. 0.50

C. 2.0 D. 4.0

33. Hydrogen and carbon dioxide react as shown in the equation below.

H2(g) + CO2(g) H2O(g) + CO(g)

For this reaction the values of Kc with different temperatures are

Temperature / K Kc
500 7.76×10–3
700 1.23×10–1
900 6.01×10–1

Which statement for the reaction is correct?

A. The forward reaction is endothermic.

B. H2O(g) and CO(g) are more stable than H2(g) and CO2(g).

C. The reaction goes almost to completion at high temperatures.

D. The reverse reaction is favoured by high temperatures.

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34. The expression for the equilibrium constant for a reaction is

Kc =
[B][C]
[A]2
At a certain temperature the values of [A], [B] and [C] are all 0.2 mol dm–3. What happens to
the value of Kc when all three values are doubled to 0.4 mol dm–3?

A. It is halved.

B. It does not change.

C. It doubles.

D. It increases by a factor of four.

35. A 1.0 dm3 reaction vessel initially contains 6.0 mol of P and 6.0 mol of Q. At equilibrium 4.0
mol of R is present. What is the value of Kc for the following reaction?

P(g) + Q(g) R(g) + S(g)

A. 0.11 B. 0.25

C. 0.44 D. 4.00

36. For the reaction below:

H2(g) + I2(g) 2HI(g)

at a certain temperature, the equilibrium concentrations, in mol dm–3, are

[H2(g)] = 0.30, [I2(g)] = 0.30, [HI(g)] = 3.0

What is the value of K?

A. 1.0×10–2

B. 10

C. 33

D. 1.0×102

37. A liquid and its vapour are at equilibrium inside a sealed container. Which change will alter the
equilibrium vapour pressure of the liquid in the container?

A. Adding more liquid

B. Adding more vapour

C. Decreasing the volume of the container

D. Decreasing the temperature

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38. I2(g) + 3Cl2(g) 2ICl3(g)

What is the equilibrium constant expression for the reaction above?

[ICl 3 ]
A. Kc =
[I 2 ][Cl 2 ]

2[ICl 3 ]
B. Kc =
3[I 2 ][Cl 2 ]

2[ICl 3 ]
C. Kc =
[I 2 ] + 3[Cl 2 ]

2[ICl 3 ] 2
D. Kc =
[I 2 ][Cl 2 ]3

39. 2SO2(g) + O2 (g) 2SO3(g) ∆Hο = –200 kJ

According to the above information, what temperature and pressure conditions produce the
greatest amount of SO3?

Temperature Pressure
A. low low
B. low high
C. high high
D. high low

40. Which statement(s) is/are true for a mixture of ice and water at equilibrium?

I. The rates of melting and freezing are equal.

II. The amounts of ice and water are equal.

III. The same position of equilibrium can be reached by cooling water and heating ice.

A. I only

B. I and III only

C. II only

D. III only

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