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BAXA

IlepeBOA c HeMeiiKoro

h . K o n q E B C K o ro

EDITIO MUSICA BUDAPEST 1968

 n P E A H C J I O B H E

B HOBOM H 3A a H H H T p e X T O J IO C H b lX H H B e H U H K 5f C TaB H JI n e p e A C0 6 0 K A B O ft H y iO H e J lb . C O A H O ft C T O p O H b l, H XOTeJT f l a T b

ra x o e H H C T p y K T H B H o e n 3^ a H H e , K O T o p o e a o j i j k h o S b iJ io 6 b i 0 K a 3 a T b c e p b e 3 H yK > n o M o u t b B c e w TeM , k t o 3a x o T en 6 m o c h o -
B a T e J lb H O 3 a H S T C b fl 3 T H M H n p O H 3 B e ^ e H H H M H . C f l p y r o i f C T O p O H b l, M O M C T p e M J ie H H fl 3 a X J lK > H ariH C b H B T O M , H T 0 6 b I H H C T p y K -

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C0 6 0 H , O T JIH H aeT C H O T O p u rM H a J Ib H O M 3 a n H C H K 0 M I1 0 3 H T 0 p a .

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o t Baxa IIP O H C X O A H T — ecjiH m o jk h o r a x c x a 3a T b — T O J ib X O h o t m , Bee o c T a n b H o e 6 m jio A o C a B J ie H O c o o T B e T C T B y io m H M H
p e A a K T o p a M H h u h x o M M e H T a T o p a M H . C iie A O B a T e J ib H o , n c n o jiH H T e jib npn H e K O T o p o f t 4> a H T a 3 H H M o r c e 6 e n p e A C T a B H T b n ep-

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poM aHTH^ecKH x B033peHHM n p o u ijio r o CTOJieTHsr Ha HcnoJiHeHHe B a x a , h jih >Ke e m e He 6 m jth 3H axoM bi c p e3yn bTaTaM H h c-
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b KOHue k o h u o b M bi H rp a eM n p o H 3 B eA eH H H B axa Ha c o e p e M e K K O M c|)0 p T e n H a H 0 , a e e n n 6 bi m m H a H a u ie M H H C TpyM eH Te
n on w ra n H C b n o A p a j K a r b 3 ByM 3 HHK> e r o n p e A in e c T B e H h h k o b , t o — He ro B o p a yace o t o m , m to 3t o see paBH o h c a o c th jk h m o , —
H a u ie H c n o n H e H H e n p o H 3 B e n o 6 bi B n e n 3 T n e H H e M 3 H e p H o c t h , M o n o p H o c T H . H 3 B c e r o 3T o r o c n e A y e T : n pO H 3B eA eH H a B a x a H y>K H O
n r p a T b K p a c H B b tM , e c T e c T B e H H b iM ( J j o p T e n w a H n b i M 3 B y K 0 M, h o n p w 3to m B cerA a npH H H M aTb b o B H H M aH ne x a p a K T ep -
H b ie O C O deH H O C TH AH H 3 MHKH C T 3 p H H H b tX H H C TpyM eH TO B . TaK H an pH M ep, H H B eH U H H 1 H 10 A O JlH C H bt H3 M H H aTbC a n o n H b IM
3B yK O M m f, a n p H o T A e n b H b ix B C T y n n e H M a x T e M b i m o jk h o C M e n o n p H M e H a T b c r e s c e n d o b T a K o ff c T e n e H H ( h o n e S o n b u u e !), K a K a s
Tpe6yeTca e c T e c T B e H H b iM ncnonH eH neM B o c x o A a m e fi r a M M o o 6 p a 3 H oR m c jio a h h b o jk h b jic h h o m a b h jk c h m h . E cnn ace 3TO
c r e s c e n d o A O c r n r a e T T a K o t t B e n n M H H b i, m t o y > K e M O ^ c e T 6 b i T b n o K a 3 a H o 3 H a M K O M — ~ , to o h o b 6 o n b in n H C T B e c n y M a e s —
n p e y B e j i H H e H o . M cnonH eH H e n o A o 6 H b ix n b e c mm A o n a c H b i n p e A C T a s n a T b c e 6 e c jie A y r o u iH M o 6 p a30M : A en aT b crescen d o
(n n n d im in u e n d o ) H e n p e A H a M e p e H H O , JTH m b H3 6 e r s a M exaH H M ecK O H w r p b i, — TaKH M 0 6 pa30M 6yAeT A O C T H rn yT a
n p a B H A b n a a H io a H c n p o B K a . B n b e c a x tkc K jia B M K o p A H o r o T H n a y M e c T H a 6 o n e e M a r K a a A H H a M H M e c K a a p a c K p a c x a H a n e 6 o n b u in x

n p o M e )K y T K a x — h o r o n b K o b M e p y h c o B K y c o M . B o B c e x h o a o S h m x c n y n a a x c y iu e c T B e H H b iM M a B J ia r o T c a c n e A y f o m w e n c x o A H b ie
n o jio jK e H H a : n p e> K A e B c e r o — b cooTB eTC TB H H c n p n p O A O H K J ia B H K o p A a — H y jK H O o c T e p e r a T b c a c j i h l h k o m C H n b H o r o f o r t e , K p o M e

5
r o r o , t o h k o npH M eH aeM aa AHtj^epeHUHpOBaHHaa AHHaMHKa aoju K H a cooTBeTCTBOBarb HHAHBHAyaJibHOH MejiOAHHecKOM ju
hmh Ka>KAoro r o n o c a . TaKH M 06pa30M, Mbi M acro b c t p c th m c jj c HB/ieHHeM, npw k o t o p o m m c jio a h h O A H oro r o n o c a n o T p e 6 ye
He6 o jib u jo r o c re s c e n d o , b t o BpeMH icax M en o a H fo A p y r o r o HyacHo 6 y A eT H r p a tb d im in u e n d o . M jih : noHaAoSHTCJ? BbiAe/iHT
BcrynjieH H e o a h o t o H3 roJ iocoB , He H a p y w a a n jia B H o ro abh jkch h h A p yrw x . M ra K A a jiee.
H H aKoneu, b oTHoiueHHH y KpameHHM a x o T e ji 6 bi n oAnepK H yTb, h t o He npHHaAJieacy k HHCJiy T ex, k t o b s to m bc
n p o c e 3aHHMaeT neAaHTHHHyio AO K Tpw H epcKyio n03HUHF0, — h He TOJibKO nOTOMy, h t o s t o MHe B o o S m e He c b o m c tb ch h o ,
rnaBHbtM 0 6p a3 0M BCJieACTBue r o r o , h t o b 3an yTaH H oft n p o S jie M e MeJtn3MaTHKH Han6 oJtee HaAeacHbiM nyTeBOAHTeneM a chk
Taro yK a 3aHHH co s p eM eH h h k o b . A Aaace T a x o ft s b t o p h t c t , KaK, HanpHM ep, M a T T e c o H , cHHTaeT (1 7 3 9 ), h t o Hcnojm eHH
yKpauxeHHM oneH b T p y jiH o n o A o rn a T b n o A K aK n e-ro on peAejreH H bie npaBHJia, — peinarouuHM aojtmchw 6 biTb 3 Aecb BKyc h npan
TMKa H cnojiH H Tejifl. y 6 eAHTeJibHbiM noATBepjKAeHweM 3 T o r o nojioaceHHH HBJiaeTCa t o t {J)aKT, h t o b A o m e A u m x a o Hac p y x c
nwcHbix KonH ax BaxoBCKHx npoH3BeAeHHM HMeeTCH uejibiH p « A HecoM HeHHo noAHHHHbix yK pam eH H ft, KOTOpbie B c rp en a io T c
b OAHoit pyKonHCH h oTcyT C T syroT b A p y r o ft. 3 t o m ohcho o 6 bacHHTb TeM , h t o B a x HeKOTOpbiM yneHHKaM n o p o ft BnwcbiBa.
yKpauieHHjr b o BpeMa y p o x a , A p yrH M He BnwcwBaji h jih , bo3m ohcho, OAHOMy BnHCbiBan yx p ain eH H a b o a h o m M e c re nbecbi
a p y r o M y — b A p y ro M . H3BecTH0 Taroxe, h t o b t o BpeMa pa3JiHnaJincb « H e o 6 x o A M M b ie» h «n p0 H 3B 0Jib H bie» y x p a iiie H H a ( « w e
s e n tlic h e » und « w i [ l k i i r l i c h e » M a n ie r e n ). Ile p B b ie y x a 3 biBajiHCb t o h h o , b oTHoiueHHH B T o p w x — n o iia ra jiH C b Ha BKyc h hm
npoBH3auHOHHbie c n o c o S H o c T H HcnojiH H Tenjf. (B e A b h B o o S m e HM npoBH3auH« n p n HcnojiHeHHH My3btKn b t o BpeM a n rp a n ;
3naHHTejibHo 6 6 jTbinyro p o jib , neM T en e p b .) H o H3 B cero 3 T o r o OTHroAb He c n e A y eT , h t o HcnoJiHeHHe yK paineH w ft He o n « p a jio c i
t a k >k e h Ha t o h h o ycraHOBJieHHbie n p e A n n c a m ia . B HOBbix H3AaHH*x o 6 biHHo npHBOAHTca T a 6 jin n a yx p a m eH H fi, x o T o p y w
B a x caM cocTaBH/i h c o 6 cTBeH H opynH o Bnncan b «K n a B H p H y io K H w xeH K y» C B oero Cbma O p H A eM a H a *. H ecM O T p a Ha noA-nwH
HOCTb TaCnHUbi, HeB03M0>KH0 b o s ce x c n y n a a x ncn ojiH H Tb yKpauieH H a ra K , KaK o h h b Heft pacuiHtJipOBaHbi. B o -n ep B b ix , c o B ep
uxeHHo acHO, h t o 3Ta T a 6 jin u a , TaK ace KaK h n o A o 6 Hbie eft T aS iiH u w T o r o BpeMeHH (n an p H M ep, A ’ A H r jie 6 e p a , K y n e p e H a , M a p
n y p r a ), yKa3biBajra m n b k o npaBHJia, a He MHoroHHCJieHHbie HCKJironeHH«, KOTOpbie HecoM HeHHo cym ecTBOBajiH h 3aBHceJiH o i
T p e 6 oBaHHft TeM na, HcnojiHeHHa m c jio a h h h o t ApyrH X (JjaicropOB. B cbh3h c s th m AOCTaTOHHO 6 yA eT n poiW T H p oB a T b o a h j
4>pa3y H3 k h h th <5. 3 . B a x a «V e r s u c h u b e r d ie w a h re A r t d a s K la v ie r zu s p ie le n » (« O n b iT 0 6 h ctm h h om c n o c o S e H rp bi Ha
K/iaBMpe», II. 3, § 18): « I n s eh r g e s c h w in d e r Z e it-M a a s s e k an n m a n zu w e ile n d u rch V o r s c h la g e d ie A u s n a h m e eines T rille r s
b eq u e m b e w e r k s te llig e n » — t o ecT b, h t o b S w c tp o m T eM n e T p e jib M oaceT 6 biTb 3aM eHeHa n p o cT b iM (Jjopu inaroM ( 3 t o n p o -
H ^jrrocTpH poB aH o y H e ro h h o th w m n p n M ep o M ). B o-B T opb ix, b c e yK pam eH H * b o b c e x c jiy n a s x He M o r y T 6 biTb H cnoji-
neHbi Tak, KaK yK a3 an o b T a S jiH ye B a xa , n o T o ft npHHHHe, h t o M O Kay TorAauiH H M H h coBpeM eHHHM H HHCrpyMeHTaMH cy-
m ecTB yeT 3HaHHTejibHoe pa^nHHwe b o th o lu c h h h MexaHHKH h 3 ByKa. E c jih n a jt b u bi 6 J ie c T «m e n 0 A r 0 T 0 BJieHH0 r 0 nnaHHCTa
A a w e h cnpaBHTca c yKpameHHHMH, H 3 o6 «jiyro m H M H rpn A u aTb B T opb iM H ( a HHor.ua h m ecTbAecarH eTB epTbiM H ), t o caMa
n beca n e e M e n o a h 4 e c k a a j i h h h h b p jia jih BbiAepncar s t h «M a H e p b i» npH HcnoJiHeHHH Ha coBpeMeHHOM 4)OpTenHaHO
c e r o n oiiH biM 3ByKOM. T o , h t o Ha k ji3 b h k o p a c h jih neM Gano e m e K a3 ajiocb to h k h m (f>HjmrpaHHbiM yKpaiueHHeM , m o jk c t Ha
HbiHeuiHeM (JjoprenH aH o cT a T b S ajuiacTO M , n e p e rp y ^ a io m H M h 3acopsuom H M acH yro jth h h io m c jio a h h , H ap yin arom H M ee
K pacoT y. H o n o B T o p aro — s t o o t h o c h t c h , pasyMeeTCH, Jinuib k t e m cn yn aaM , K o rA a J i r o 6 e f t n e h 0 ft 3acTaBJiflK)T c e 6 fl
H cnonHATb B e e yK a3aHHbie yxpam eH H H !
M 3 njiTHaAuarn T p e x ro ^ o c H b ix hkbchuhm naTb (XoJ'fe 4, 5, 7, 9 h I I ) a o u ih h a o Hac KaK b o6biHHoft(J>opMe, Tax h b
sapwaHTax, 6oraTbix yxpam eH H aM H . M 3 s t h x BapnaHTOB TO/ibKO yKpauieHHfl h h bch u h h 5 HaxoAflTC?! b pyKonHCH 1723 r o A a ;
yKpam eH H fl A p y rH x hmth n b ec BCTpenaroTCfl T o ^ b x o b OTAeJibHbix Konwax, h x noAJiHHHocrb, O AH axo, B n o jin e BepoHTHa. T e n e p b
npeACTaBHM c e 6 e b KanecTBe npnMepa H anajro h h bch u h h e - m o ll b SToft H3 o 6 HJjyromeft yKpam eHHaM H $ o p M e :

E e TQHHoe, cooTBeTCTByromee cthhhj 3 n o x n , HcnoJiHeHHe 6 b in o 6 bt cneAyrom HM :

h TaK A a n e e a o KOHua n b ecw . H e noA^eJKHT HHKaKOMy c o m h c h h k ), h t o H acrp oeH H e h n o3 3 H « 3 Toft h h b ch u h h — T a x x e KaK h

A p y r u x p a n e e ynoM JiHyTbix — 6 y A y T n apynjeH bt, ecjin HacTOMHHBO u,en/iaTbca 3a MHoroHHcneHHbte yKpaineHHfl, K O Top bieya<e
b 3 n o x y B a xa He B cerAa HBiiajiHCb « H e o 6 x o A » M b iM n » (« w e s e n t lic h e » ).
C ireA O B ajio 6bi e m e Ao6aBH Tb, h t o , He3aB«cnM O o t C0BepiueHH0 t o h h o Bbinojm eHHbix yKpainsHHW, M H TepnperauH fl B a x a
h x ip y rn x CTapbix M a c rep o B MO?KeT e m e ocT aB aT bca HenpaBHJibHOft h b KaKHx-To zip yrn x OTHOiiieHHsx. M H a o 6 o p o T , BbiAaro-
m e e c fl ncnoJineHHe npon3BeAeHHs B a xa , ySeAMTexibHO B o n jio m a ro m e e n osTH necKoe coaep>KaHne, He CTaHeT x y jx e , ecn n neKO-
TO pbie yKpaujeHHJi 6 y A y T CbirpaHbi He TaK, KaK o h h , bo3MO>kho, ncno^H«JiHCb b CBoe BpeMfl. 3 t h m h c ob ccm He x o n y npHHH3HTb
Ba>KHOCTb KpacHBOro h CTHJibHoro HcnoJiHeHHH 3 th x yKpauieHMR. OziHaKO h .aojm eH n peziocTepeH b o t nepeoueH K H 3HaneHHa
3 T o r o B o n p o c a 3a cneT A p y r n x , cTOJib » e Ba>KHbix 4>aKTopoB — HHane m o jk h o H3-3a AepeBbeB He yBHAeTb n eca.
H a ocHOsaHHH Bbiuien3Jio>KeHMoro 6y.neT nonnTHo, noHeMy « He Mory 3^ecb 6 o jie e n o A p o 6 Ho 3aHHTbc« paccM OTpeHHeM
OTAeJibHbix bhj3,ob yKpameHMK. T a x o ft p a 3 6 o p , e c jin o h x o T b b K a x o fi-T o CTeneHH n peT eH A yeT Ha noxiHOTy h HayHHyro a o c t o -

* B 3T o ft «K/iaBHpHOM KHH>KeHKe» ( « K la v e r b u c h l e i n » , 1720) BnepBbie noflBJiflK)TCH MnseHUHH, npHTOM nOHTH Bee: flB yxroJ tocH w e
Ha?BaHbi 3fle cb euue « P r a a m b u f u m » , T p ex ro jio C H w c — « F a n t a s ia » . B pyK on n cw 1723 r o a a , KO Topas momcct paccM aTpH BaTbca x a x o k o h -
HaTenbHaa, a a y x ro jro c H b ie yace h o c h t 3 a ro / io so K « I n v e n t i o » , T p ex ro n o cH b ie — « S i n f o n i e » . H a 3BaHwe «/ 3,Byx- h T p e x r o n o c H w e HHBeHU.HH»
d a n o o 6 LueynoTpe6 HTejibHWM TOJibKO c o BpeMeH <J>opxejra. { n o A p o 6 Hes 0 6 h c to p h h c o 3flaHMfl h o p y K o n n c a x HHBeHiwft cm . b M oeft
BCTynHTeJibHofi cra T b e «MHBeHUHH H . C . E a x a » k H3flaHMK» ^ByxroJioCH bix h T p e x ro jio c H b ix hhbchu hK b pe^aKUHH <J>. B yiO H H , « M y 3 biica»,
M . , 1966. — TlpuM . n e p e e o d w u a ).

6
BepH oct b, He CMOJKeT noMecTHTbca b paMKax nacToamero BBeaeHHa. C ApyroPi cto p o h w , a cHHTa/i SeceMbicjieHHbiM noB iope-
HHe Tex OTHOCaiUHXCa K yKpaiUeHM«M KpaTKMX BCeM H3BeCTHblX npaBH/1, KOTOpbie AOnyCKatOT CTOAbKO HCKAK>‘ieHHfi, HTO B
KOHue kohuob cKopee 3anyTbiBaK>T yneHMKa, seM eMy noM oraioT. fl03T0My a Bbi6pa/] npaKTHnecKoe pemeuHe, noMeuiaa b
TeKCT, OTHOCaiUHHCa K pa36opy TOM HJIH HHOH HHBeHUHH, paCUJH(|)pOBKy y KpaUieHHH, OTBeHtatOmyK) COBpeMeiMIOMy COCTOflHMIO
My3biKa;ibHoR HayKM. A b hhbchuhm Es-dur, cmnb Soraiofi yKpaiueHHaMH, a noApo6Ho Ha npoiaaceHHH bcch nbecw yKajwBajt
Hail HOTHbIM TeKCTOM CHOCOS HX HCnOJlHCHHa. CpaBHeHHe 3THX yKa3aHMM C OpHTHHaJIbHblMH 0603HaHeHJiaMH MOJKeT nocjiy-
>KHTb no^e3HbiM ypoKOM b OTHOiueHHH pacuiH<f>pOBKH mhothx aHajiorMHHbix MecT. 9\ AyMaro, hto y KaacAoro, kto yr/iy6 MTCfl
b M3yneHne HHBeHUHfi Tao ce h c 3to h tokkh 3peHHa, Bbipa6oraeTca onpeAeJieHHoe npaKTHnecKoe nyrbe, KOTopoe bo MHornx
c/iynaax — ecjiH He bo Bcex — npHBeAeT k npaBHJibHOMy HcnoJiHeHmo My3biKH Baxa h ero coBpeMeiiHHKCB. Ecjih we k t o -
HM^yAb 3axoneT 3aHarbca 3to h npo6jieMOH 6ojiee cneuwajibHo, oh Bee paBHO AOAaceH 6 yAeT HiyHHTb cooTBeTCTByiouiyfo jih-
Tepaxypy.
,8 3aK/H0*ieHHe HecK0JibK0 cjiob o My3biKajibHbix cxeMax. ft y?Ke xpaTtco ynoMHnaji b npeAHcnoBHH, HacK0JibK0 Taxne cxeMbi
npoacH aioT BoenpnaTHe H3ynaeMoro npon3Be^eHna, noM oraioT pacno3HaBaHHio onpeACJieHHbix BuyrpeHHMx B3anM0CBa3eH,
a S jiaroAapa 3TOMy o d iie rsa io T e r o pa3ysHBaHHe h cnoco6cTByK>T jiynw eM y HcnoJineHHK). 3/iecb H ym io TOJibKO 3aMeTHTb,
mto Taicae cxeMbi M oryT SbiTb coBceM CKynbiMH, orpaHHHHBaacb yKa3annaMH Jirnub BawHeHLunx rapMOHH^iecKHX n3MeHeHHM, —
a M oryT 6biTb h Menee naKOHHHHbiMH, BKJiKma raiofce aHaAH3 TeMaTnnecKHx CBaiefi. B othoijjchm h 6axoBCKHx Tpexrojiocubix
HHBeHUHH BTOpOH Tun cxeM KaaceTca MHe 6oJiee noAXOAaiuHM. BeAb hmchho Bax 6biii TeM, k to b cbocm TBOpnecTBe cocahhhji
b eAMHOM cMHTe3e no^HcjjoHMHeCKoe h roMoc^oHHoe Mnp0B033peHna, t o ecTb npHHunn rojiocoBeAeHna, «r0pH30HTajibH0H jih-
HHH» c npHHUHHOM rapMOHH3aUHH, «BepTHKaJlbHOH AHHHH». TaK H TpexrOJlOCHbie HHBeHUHH, 6yay4H LUeaeBpaMH roAOCO-
BeiieHHa, b t o ace BpeMa BcerAa M oryT 6biTb, Aaw e aojiskhw 6biTb o6i>acHeHbi h c tohkh 3peHHa r a p M O H H ^ e c K H x
( j i y H K U H f i . ri03T0M y a crpeMHAca k roM y, HTo6bi b KaacAoft cxeMe, HapaAy c yKa3aHHaMH rapMOHMH, Harjia^Ho oTMesajiHCb —
nycTb Aawe b ynpomeHHon <j>opMe — BCTyn^euna TeMbi b OTaenbHbix ro/iocax. YnoiviaHy erne o to m , h to npn cocTaB/ieHHH
3thx cxeM a ne ynHTbiBa/r uenecoo6pa3Horo pacnpe/iejieHHa pyK Ha iiByx hothwx craHax, a 0CH0BH0e BHMManwe ya,e^a/i aCHOMy
rojiocoBeAeHHio. ri03T0M y nacTO SbiBaeT TaK, h t o KaKOH-HH6y/ib 3ByK, ncnojiHaeMbift JieBOft pyKOH, nonaziaeT Ha BepxHHH
HOTHbIM CT3H H Ha060p0T.

H E K O T O P b lE n P A K T M M E C K M E C O B E T b l

flep eA paByHHBaHHeM t o h hjih hhoK HHBeHUHH peKOMeHayeTca ocHOBarejjbHo npopa6oTaTb oTHOcamytoca k neii cxew y.
TaKHM nyTeM Mbi noJiyHHM 6ojiee a c « y io KapTHHy, neM b to m cjiynae, ecjin 6bt 3axoTe^iH cpa3y 3Ke HawaTb c pa3yHMBaHna h
Morjiw 6bi, He npoaHa;iH3HpoBaB npeABapHTejibHO nbecy, 3aTepaTbca b 4aute or/ie^bHbix AeTa/ieH. riocJie 3T o ro c/ieiiyeT 0 3 Ha-
KOMHTbca c npHseAeHHbiM 3jiecb aHaJtH30 M <J)opMbi h npHMeHHTb ero cnepBa k cxeMe, a 3aTerii h k caMofi HHBeHUHH. B KanecTBe
cn eA yioin ero 3aAaHHa Hyacno m ar 3a iu aro w CBepHTb cxeM y c caMHM npOH3BeaeHHeM. TaKHM 0 6 pa3 0 M Hauie npeACTaBneHHe
o HeM nocTOHHHO 6 yA er o S o ra m a r b c a , HanojiHaTbca ^H3HbK> h Kpacorofi AeTaiieM, He Tepaa npn s to m h3 BHZiy uenoro. B 3a-
KjruoneHHe H yxn o Sy^eT snncaTb b h o th w h t c k c t caMbie HeoSxoAHMbie o 6 o 3HaHeHHa hjih yKa3aHHa, KacarouiHeca Hcno/ineHHa,
AHHaMHKH, 4>pa3HpoBKH, h Tor,aa y w e m ojkho 6yA eT npH crynaTb k nrpe.

Ecjih npn H3yHeHHH AsyxrojiocHbix (JjopTennaHnbix nbec hhwhhS tojioc BeAeT jieBaa pyKa, a sepxHHM — npaBaa, to npa-
BHJibHoe HcnoAHeHHe TpexroJiocHa CTaBHT nepeA nnaHHCTOM npo6neMbi, HOBbie aa« Hero b AByx 0TH0ujeHHax. Bo-nepsbix,
oahoh pyKOH AOJDKHbi 6biTb niiacTHKHo HCnoAHeHbi Asa ronoca — to ecrb Ase MenoAHH, pa3BHBatoiuHeca no SoAbiuefi 4acTH
B pa3JTHHHWX pHTMaX, C pa3JTH*1HOH AHHaMHKOft H apTHKyAaUHeft H B pa3J1HHHblX HHTepBaAbHblX COOTHOWeHHax. BTOpaa npo6-
AeMa, TaKJKe B03HHKaiomaa npn HcnojineHHH n0JiH4)0HH4ecKHX nbec c hhcaom tojiocob Sojree AByx, — pacnpeAe/ieHHe cpeAHero
roAoca Me>KAy AByMa pyKaMH, npnneM TaKHM 06pa30M, htoSw He 6wao 3aMeTHo hh ManeRmeft hcpobhocth b t o t momcht,
KorAa OAna pyKa nepeHHMaeT ero y Apyroft (KaK 6yATO Ana HcnoAHeHHa cpeAHero roAoca y Hac ecTb eme «TpeTba» pyxa).
CaMO co 6 oR pa 3yMeeTca, h to ycneuiHoe pa3peujeHHe 3Thx hobmx 3aAan — KaK B006 me, TaK h b a3hhom cjiysae — 33bhcht
3Aecb He TOAbKO o t HauiHx pyx, ho b nepByio onepeAb o t cnocoSnocTH BHyrpeHHero cnyxoBoro npeACTaBAeHHa h o t n a u ie n
pa 6 oTbt, KoxopyKD cneAyeT coBepmaTb npn cocpeAOTOHeHHOM BHHMaHHH h 3 kthbhom caM0 K0 HTp0Jie. FlpHBeAeHHbie HHwe
ynpswHeHHa M oryT oK33aTb xopom yfo noMomb Ana ycsoeHna AH(})(l)epeHUHpoBaHHoro roAOCOBeAeHHa, BbinonnaeMoro oahoR
pyKOH. B e e ynpajKHenna hco6xoahmo TpaHcnOHHpoB3Tb b pa3JiHHHbte TOHaAbHOCTH!

• f ®r t T ^ r

TepuHH h cooTBeTCTBeHHo ceKCTbi HCnoAHaTb Ka^AOH pyKOM OTAenbHo t e n u t o , oahhm h h reMH ace napaMH nanbueB.

2 3 4 15 4 5 [
AnnAHKaTypa a jih t ^p u h h : 3 14 1 i 5 1
1 1 |. 1 | I 1 J 2 2 |2 3 3 |

3 I4 I 5 I 5
A n n jiH K a T yp a a ^ « ceK CT:
(n 1 1 I' 2

7
 yH H Tb Bee 3t o Hy>KHO TaioKe h JieBoti p yx ott, cooTBeTCTByfomHM M (cHMMeTpH4HbiMH) anrm nica rypaMM !
CbirpafiTC B e p x H H H t o j i o c c a n t a b i l e («M «rK o e / »), h h k h h h t o j i o c p ( < < c o n p o B O > K A a s » ) h H a o S o p o T : h h > k h m m t o j i o c CHJibHee,
a BepxHHM — T M u i e ! KpoMe roro, B e p x H H f i t o j i o c — tenuto, hhjkhhm t o j i o c — staccato h nao6opoT. Bee 3 t o , H e « y i i a p f l j ? »
h H e n03B0Ji«H k h c t h naccHBHo na^aTb, a c HaiKHMOM, B03flefiCTBy« TH>KecTbK> pytcn, j i e r K o f i rw6Koft KHCTbio h ynpyrwMH naJib-
uaMH. ’ „ •

n oyM H T e BepxHHii t o j i o c Tep u n fi legato, hhwhhR t o jio c staccato h HaoSopor; 3arew BepxHHft t o jio c /, hhwhh# to jio c p
h Hao6opoT.

C ex cT b i AOJiJKHbi McnoJiHHTbCH o^h om p yK oft; p a 3yM eeT ca, a6cojiiO TH O c T p o r o e le g a t o b o S o h x r o jio c a x OAHOBpeMeHHO
HeHcnojiHHMO a a b hcm h HeT h c o G x o a h m o c th . A jih scTeTH H ecK oro BnenaTjieHHa le g a t o c oB ep iu e u H o flocraTOHHO, e c jin mm
6 y a e M H rp a rb neBynHM le g a t o m rib K o t o j i o c , HcnojiHfleM bift 3, 4 m 5-m najibuaM H , a A p y r o fi t o jio c , H cnojiH aeM bifi rnaBHbiM
0 6 p a 3 0 M MHOTOKpaTHO noBTopaioiUHM CH nepBbtM n ajib iieM , — cnoK ofiH biM «q u a s i le g a t o » , c n oM O u tb io abhhcchhh k h c th .

C n e jiy e T o c T e p e ra T b c a JiK>6oro HanpnjKeHHs, K O Topoe MoaceT jierKO BoiHHKHyTb, ecnw b nocjieaoBaH H H ^ 2 Mbl 80 MTO ® bf

4 5
t o hh c T a iio 3axoTH M H rp aT b le g a tis s im o j \ 2 najibuaM H! J ln u ib p e w n e pyKH C M o ry r ocHJiHTb 6e3 Hanpa>KeHHH 3TO n o cn e -
4
AOBaHHe n p n ftjibbhom le g a to . FIpaBHJibHoe h rn 6 K o e HcnoJiHeHHe cc kc t le g a to M o w e r SbiTb npaKTHnecKw cjieA yio tu H M :

Lento
4 3

ripeicpacHbifl npHMep Ha neBynee legato b Tepuwax h ceKCTax m w HaftaeM b 3— 4-m h cooTBeTCTBeHHO 5— 6-m TaKTax
HHBeHUHH 7 (e-m oll).

8
 BepxHHfi to jio c S e p e r c a BecoM pyKH, hmjkhhK ronoc H rp a e T c a jiencHMH, hctkhmh nanbuaMM; KHCTb h p y x a 0C TaK)TC »
th6khmm! T o ace caMoe othochtch h ko bccm nocne^yiomHM ynpawHCHHaM, xorfla AeJio h act o npOTHBonocTasjieHHH neBynHx-
neTBepTeM, HCnojinaeMbix tenuto, h thxhx, JiencHx mecTHaAuaTbix:

2 8 4 1 2 4 82 8 4
1 2 8 2 1 4 82 8 4
5 4 8 4 6

6 5 1 _8 __ 4

2 2 1 2
A 4

2 4 o 1
1 & i Si
4 2 4 5 4 4 2 4 B 4 1 4 3 2
r m r

8 5 4 5 4 k 4

ietc.

2 2 2 1
XV-------- 2\ 1
*V V)

9
 -5 t IL _

1 2 1 2

n p H M e p b i:
WHBeHUHJl 3, TE KTbl 13— 14
MH8eHJJ,Hfl 4 , T a K T b l 3 H 11
MHBeHUHa 8, TaKT 21

10
 C m . HHBeHUHK) 10, TBKTbl 3— 4 H 20— 21!
HyacHo yHHTb: 1. Bee TpH r o jio c a legatissim o.
2. KpaiiHHx rojioca legatissimo, cpeAHHii staccato.
3. OSa BepxHHX rojioca legatissimo, h h j k h h h staccato.
4. LUecTHa/iiiaTbie c p e A H e r o ro jio ca b c jie n y io m H X p H T M a x :

n \ n ir m

B ra K ta x 3 — 4 h 6 — 1 3 . h h b c h u h h 4 (d -m o ll) Mbi HaftaeM n p e K p a c H b ie npHMepbi A B y x r o jio c H a , H c n o J in a e M o r o Ha SoJibtuoM

npoTflaceHHH o a h o R npaBoR pyK O H . IloAoSH bte 3aAaHHH ajih jieBOH pyKH M oryT 6biTb c 6o;ibiiioR n ojib3oR H3yneHb[ Ha npHMe-
p ax, B 3 «T b ix n p eH M y m ec T B eH H O H3 TaKTOB 10— 12 h h b c h u h h 3 , t b k t o b 3 1 — 3 6 HHBeHUHH 7 , ra K T O B 13— 2 0 h h b c h u h h 10 h t b k -
t o b 17 — 19 h h b c h u h h 14. flpHMepbi na pacnpeneiieHHe cpeAHero ro/ioca m o k a y AByM« pyxaMH Mbi HafiAeM b HHBeHunfix h b

A pyrn x coHHHeHHax Baxa ; 3Aecb a x o tc jt 6bi oSpaTHTb BHHManne TOJibKO Ha TaKTbi 2 7 — 3 0 h h b c h u h h 10. Bnponew, npH A aab-
Hefliuefi p a6oT e Haa h h b c h u h j im h m u HamriKHeMca Ha SecMHCJieHHoe m h o j k c c t b o noAo6Hbix MecT, KCTopwe He TOJibKO KpacHBbi,
HO H OHCHb nOJie3HbI c TOMKH 3peHHfl Bbipa6oTKH TyUUe H pa3BHTH« HaBbl (COB I70JIH(j)0 HHHeCK0 ft arpbi.
HaKOHeu, MHe x o T e J io c b 6 b i n o K a 3 a r b , KaK m o k h o ynpaHCHeHHSMH A O C T H rH yT b HacToameR TpexrojiocHoR H r p b i, b k o t o p o h
rojioc, rap M O H H H H o B3aiiMOAeRcTBya c A B yM H A p y r H M H , coxpanneT b t o *:e BpeMfl cb oh d H H AH BH A yanbH O C Tb. J},na
K a w A b iR
3t o R ueJiH a B b )6 p a n BTopoR TaKT h h b c h u h h 4 , h 6 o n o o n b i r y 3 H a ro , m to s t o t TaKT o n e H b peAKO m o h c h o y c j i b i w a T b b naune-
xameM 3BynaHHH. H e 6 p e * H o e ro-rcocoBeAeHHe 3Toro Taicra M o a c e r 6 b iT b HamaAHO B0cnpoH3BeAeHO npHMepHO TaKHM 06pa30M:

etc.

F l p o u e c c npaB H JibH O ii p a S o T b t n a A h h m m ojkct 6 b iT b c -n e A y to iu H M :

A) CbirpaeM HecKOJibKo pa3 TeMy b a-moll, B crynatom yK) bo b top om TaKTe cpeAHero ro jio c a , Bnanaiie 6e3 AByx KOHTpa-
nyHKTHpyiouiHX rojiocoB, cnepBa o a h o h npaBOH pyKoR, a 3aTeM h aeBoR, legato, cantabile. 14 TOJibKO noc/ie Toro, KaK naiu
cjiyx o cb oh tch c 3thm 3BynaHHeM, m ojkho SyAeT nepefiTH k nrpe 3Toro MecTa TaK, KaK s t o npOHCXOAHT b caMoR nbece, —
pacripeAeAHH TeMy Me>KAy AByMa pyKaMH h npHMeHaa Ty OKOHHaTejibHyK> annjiHKarypy, k o to p o h Mbi 6yo,eM n0Jib30BaTbca
nocjie npncoeAHHeHHa AByx KpatiHHX to jio c o b .

n e p B oe Tpe6oBaHHe: CMeHa pyK b MecTax, noMeneHHbix nepTaMH / \ AOJDKHa S b iT b oT pa6oraH a TaK 6e3yKOpH3HeHHO,
HToSbi h h k to H3 ycjibimaBWHX Hauiy nrpy He CMor 3aMeTHTb, KorAa MejiOAHa nepexoAHT H3 o a h oh pyKH b A p y r y io : Hyacuo
Ao6HBaTbca, HToSw y cnymaTeJieR B03HHKna hjtjtk53h« HcnojiHeHHa o a h o h pyKoR. B s to m OTHOiueHHH 6bi.no 6 b i OAHHaKO-
boR oluh6koR KaK HeAOAepacHBaTb, TaK h nepeAep*HBaTb nepsoe el. B nepBOM c/iynae npoH3o »A e T nepepbiB b TenieHHH Me/io-
A h h *; bo b top om cjiyHae — b npoTHBonoJioacHOCTb 3TOMy — Mbi AOJUKHbi 6yAeM paccMaTpHBaTb c~ He KaK MejioAHnecKoe r i p o -
A o n >k e h h e h o tw e a KaK h o b bi ft rojioc, cBewo BCTynaioiuHR na t^OHe BWAep>KaHHoro 3ByKa.

* 3 t o , p a ^ y M e erca , o.t h o c h t c » KTaKOii T p a k t o b k c TeM bi, Kor^a ee ceKCTOBbtfl h cenTHMOBbiH iuarn AOJiKHbi TBy^aTb le g a to . CyuuecT-
ByioT h A p y rw e b o 3 m o >k h o c t h apTHKyjifiuVtH reM bi. 3 A ecb h HaMepeHHO Bbi6pajr le g a to , TaK KaK o h o o6 ecn eH H B aer Han6oJiee yAaMHbifi n y rb
a n a aoCTHJKeHHA Hamevi u ejiw , a a h o 6 o c t p c h h « H a u ie ro c/iyxa, K O H T p o jin p y io iu ero T o n H ocT b rojiocoB caeH H H .

11
 Ho ecrb ciuc o a » o ropa3.ao 6ojiee BajKHoe Tpe6oBaRne. K poM e B wiueynoM aH yroro neraT o o6 en x pyK, MOK/iy c l— c-
(h ApyrHMH HHTepBajibHbiMM maraMM) ao/dkho cymecTBOBaTb eme HeKoe npHTJiaceHHe, KOTOpbie BepHee Bcero mojkho 6 w jio 6bi
Ha’jsaTb « M e j i o j m H e c K o f t c j i H T H o c T b K>». B naroflapa 3tom c tih th o c th oT^ejibHbie «TOHeHHbie» isyKH (^oprenHaHo
o6i>e>aMHflKJTCfl b oxiHy /imhhfo, o6pa3ys acHByio, neBynyio Meno,amo, «M e jio c ». flcoTO M y Mbi He MoaceM noBonbCTBOBaTbCfl
Tojibico TeM, HTo6bi OAHa pyKa to h h o CMeHJuia japyryto, ho aojdkhw npoHyscTBoeaTb t o HanpjweHHe; K o rop oe jkhbct h aeM-
CTByeT b BocxoflfltUHX ceKCTOBbix m cenTMMOBbix rnarax, » Bbipa3HTb e ro cooTBeTCTByiomHM t y m e , a T a K ^ e npMMeHeHHeM
arorHKH h copa3MepHoft cthjikj AHHaMHKM. Oie.a0BaTejibH0, Mbi HHKoraa He mokcm orpaHHHHBaTbca m ribK o HawMMOM KJia-
bmui, pacnoJio)KeHHbix b HecKOJibKnx caHTHMerpax o^na o t A p yro n , — CKopee Mbi aojijkhm AyMaTb o to m , KaK 6bi npo3Byiiaji
3 t o t MenoflHsecKMfi x o a p 1— c - y ec^H 6bi oh 6bm n p on er wnvt cw rpan Ha cmwhkobom HHCTpyMeHTe. IIo h th TaKoro ace 3{|)(J)eKTa
mohcho iiocTHTHyTb h Ha poane, ecjiH noAoSHan MenoAHHecKafl aeTajib HcnojiHaeTca oahoR h to R >fce pyicofi: HanpwMep, ecjin
Mbi 6yzieM HrpaTb x o a — P .I- r o Tarra.B napTHH npaBofi pyKofi we OTCKaKHBaiomuM yaapoM mxuHjrrbix 1-ro h 5-ro najibueB
npH MHHHMajibHOM ynacTHH khcth, — a b 6onbiueft CTeneHH npn cocpeAOTOMeHHOM ABHHceHMH pyKH, CKopee B03iieMCTByji ee
BecoM, HejKejiH najibueBotf tcxh hkoh . TaKHM >Ke 06pa30M reMa AonacHa 3ByMaTb h b Tex cnyqaax, Koraa ee 3ByKw pacnpezie-
neHbi MOKjay £ByMH pyKaMn!
B) CbirpaeM hhjkhhm t o j i o c BToporo TaKra HecKOJibKO pa3 oTaejibHo:

J^onojiHHTenbHbie TexHHnecKMe ynpa>KHeHHJ?:

4 b 5 5 4 ft

BecbMa Ba>KHO h npn 3TOM pa3yHHBaHMH H H acH ero ronoca O TaeJibH O o iu y u x a T b ra p M O H n n ecK iie tfiyHKUHH;

h I V -

(x — cHJibHbie BcpxHwe BcnoMoraTeJibHbie)*

B b iyiieHHbiH TaKHM 06pa30M h h x 'h h h t o j i o c o6*benHHHM Tenepb c TeMofi cpenHero r o n o c a :

Hajoto cneflH Tb 3a BbinonHeHneM Bcex BbiiueyKa3aHHbix T pe6oB aH n fi b o 6 o h x rojtocax. Roane TaKOH n o u r o t o b k h 3 t o ywe
He npeACTaBHT o c o 6 o h TpyAHOCTH.
C) TaKHM ace 0 6 p a3 0 M c n e ^ y e T n o n r p a T b HecKonbKO pa3 B e p x h h K t o j i o c o T jje jib H o :

& 4 4 6 5

* B COOTBeTCTBHH C TepMHHOJlOrHefi, npHHJITOfi B COBeTCKOM COKVie, 3TH HOTbl He fl8/lJUOTCS BCnOMOrarejlbHblMH. HepBaSl M3 HHX —
la a e p w a H H e , B Topaa — n p o x o a a m a fl. ( flp u M . nepe8od*tuna.)

12
a 3 areM coe/iMHHTb e r o c T eM o fc :

1| ^
j
:ir n j . r ~ -•5 5 3 .
(v tf)
1

If
* es p r. %

A a jie e , n on n oT bi paxin HaAO HcnoJiHMTb hecKOJibKO pa3 ABa KpaftHwx r o jio c a 6e3 TeM bi h , naKOHeu
D ) Bee t p m ro/ioca BMecTe.

Omcbhaho, cTOJib ruxapo6Hoe tnyieH we o j i H o r o TaKra noKaweTCa Mpe3MepHbiM. f t npeABHwy b nepByio OMepe,ab ABa B03pa-
WeHHa. OflHO m hhx: 5KH3Hb TaK KOpOTKa, H eCJIH KTO-HH6yAb nOCBflTHT CTOJIbKO BpeMeHH O a H O M y T3KTy, KaK OH CMOWeT TOrAa Ha-
;AeHTbca Bwy^HTb nycrb Aawe He6oJibiuyK> Macxb LueAeBpoa My3biKajibHoft JiHTepaxypbi hjih x o th 6bi O3HaK0MHTbca c Heft? A p y r o e bo3-
M ow noe B03pa)KeHHe: TaKoe noApoS n oe HiyneHne «OTHHMaeT nenpHHywachHocTb HcnoAHeHna» h «BpeAHT nenocpeActBeHhocthw.
M o ft oT B e r Ha 0 6 a BbiCKa^aHHbixonaceHH* cjie A y io iu H fi: h m c h h o n o T O M y , h t o y Hac TaK M a jio B peM enn n o cpabh£hhk> c
KOJiHnecTBOM pa3>4HBaeMbix ueHHbix n p o n 3 BeACHHH, mx m H a ao yHHTb TaKHM o 6 p a 3 0 M ! 3 t o t c n o c o 6 HiyneHHH A aeT 3a 6oJiee k o p o tk h h
cp oK ro p a 3 A 0 jiyMWHH p e 3 y jib ra T , seM BbinojiHeHHbie n oB e p xn o cT H o h H acnex y n pa w n eH H a . B o 3 m o w h o , mto riocneAHHM c n o c o 6 o M Mbi
Sb icTp ee 6bi Bbiynn/iH h h b ch lih k ) hjih A p y r o e M y3biKajibH oe npOH3BeAeHHe, ho ecJiH He csH TaTb BTOpocreneHHbiM B o n p o c K anecrB a, t o
KOHeHHbift p e iy jib T a T 6 y A e r AOCTHrnyT, t3kh m 06pa3O M , r0 p a 3 A 0 MeAJieHHee (e c jin B o o 6 m e 6 y A eT AOCTHrHyT), neM np n nepBOM c n o c o 6 e .
B eAb ecjiH Mbi A a w e h o cb oh m h o t w (npaBHjibHbie ABHweHHa) nbecbi h c n0M0W bK> TaKHX ynpaw neH M ft, t o MHe KaweTCn, m to 3 t o Bee
w e Hejib3H 6 y A eT Ha3BaTb 3HaH«eM n b ecw hjih w e Hcnojm eH H eM , A o cro fiH b iM My3biKH B ax a. E cjih w e Mbi AeftCTBHTejibHO crp eM H M ca k
H acroH u ieM y HcnoJiHeHHio, t o OTAejiKa T o r o , mto 6btJio B biysen o KenpaBMJibHO, n o T p e 6 y e r ropa3A O 6oJibUje BpeMeHH, mcm ec jin 6bi Mbi
cp a3 y HanajiH pa6oTaTb HaAJiewaujHM 06 pa30 M . 3 t o npOHCxoAHT n oroM y, hto cjiy x o B b ie, ABHraTejibHbte h A p y rw e npeACTaBjieHHH, co 3 -
AaBuinecB b pe3 yjib T aT e nosepXH O C TH oro H3yHeHHs, poKCBbiM 06 pa 30 M bjih jikdt Ha bck> Hauiy n o c jie A y to m y io M aH epy H rpbi. 11, 4To6bi
HcnpaBHTb t o , mto y w e b TeneHHe AHeft, a noA H ac h HeAeJib nrpaJiocb b HCKaweHHOM bhac , n o T p e 6 y e T c a ropa 3A O 6 o jib iu e T p yA a h BpeMeHH,
MeM a jjh OBJiaAeHHs h ob oR n b eco fi c caMoro HayaJia ripasHAbHbiM o io c o 6 o m . O m cbhah o, m to nepBbie n b ecw , pa3yMHBaeMbie TaKHM o 6 p a -
3om , nO TpeSyiO T a jis c a o e r o ocBoeHHa 6oJibiuoH 3aTpaTbi BpeMeHH. H o t o t 3H3MHTenbHbiH CABitr, KOTOpbift HCMHHyeMO n o c jie A y e r b pe3yjib-
TaTe TiuaTejibHO KOHTpoJiHpyeMOH p a 6 o T b i, npoaBHTca He TOJibKO b 6 o jie e BbicoKOM ypoB H e HcnojiHeHHa, h o — m to e m e B awH ee H ajio-
w h t OTneMaTOK na bck> Ham y (jjopTen H aH H yio w rp y, A a w e T o rA a , K o rA a Mbi n rp a eM c Jincra. B eAb HywHO oneHb m h op o w rp aT b c JiHCTa
AJia 03HaK0MJieHHa He TOJibKO c 4>opTenHaHHoA, h o h c o Bceft My3biKajibHOH jiH T e p a T y p o ii, MTo6bi CTaTb BbicoKOKBaji«({)HUHpOBaHHbiM
My3biKaHTOM c uinpoKHM Kpyro30p0M. H coBceM He6e3pa3JiHHH0, 6yAeT jih xaKan mhtk3 c Jincra iiph m h th b h om hjih 3T0 6yAeT w rpa My-
3biKaHTa, o 6 jia A a K > m ero 0TiijjiH(j)O8aHHbiM T y o ie , My3biKaHTa, c n o c o S H o r o novyBCTBOBarb (})opM y, roJiocoB eAeH H e, rapMOHHK) npoH3-
B eAenna h TaKHM nyTeM (h TOJibKO TaKHM n y T e M !) nocTH rH yTb e r o K p acoTy h x a p a K x e p . M mcm 6 o jib m e nbec Mbi 6yA eM H3yMaTb TaKHM
0 6 p a 3 0 M , craB a nep eA c o 6 o h n oA o6 H b ie w e My3biKajibHbie h XTeTHMecKHe 3aAaMH, TeM SoJibiue 6yn,eT co K p a m a T b c a BpeMa, H eo6xoA H M oe
AJia hx ocBoeHHH. T e w e nnaHHCTbi, KO Topw e 6 o a T c a b p e 3 y A b T a re TaKoft p a 6 oT b i yTp aT H Tb HenocpeACTBeHHOCTb h CBewecTb HcnojiHeHHa,
B epoflTH o, H axoA aTca n oA BJiacTbio 3a6jiyw A6H H a, — MacTO hm h cbm hm h H eoco3 H aB aeM oro, ~ m to JiHiub a h j i c t b h t cn o co 6 eH H rpaTb
n enocpeA C TB ehh o h cse^co, a My3biKaHTy, yrjiy6 jiaK 3 iu eM yca, p e iu a io u ieM y (h y w e peuiH BU jeM y) CJiowHbie n p oS jieM b i, TaK oe HcnoJiHeHHe
HeAocTynHO ...

f t xoTeJi 6bi c jieA yio u iH M 0 6 p a3 0 M c(J)opM yjiH poBaTb BbiBOAbi, BbiTeK3fouzHe H3 npMBeACHHoro Bbitue aH3J!H3a: m u He
AOJIWHbl AOBOJ1 bCTBOB3TbCM OAHHM AHLUb «nA3CTMHHbIM» BblAeACHHeM TeMbi (H TOJibKO TeMbi) fipH K3WAOM ee nOSBAeHHH, B
y m e p 6 ApyrnM to jio c 3 m . C Kopee n y w n o H aoS op or, TaK b c c th , « n p o n e B a T b » m oTTeH«Tb oAHOBpeMCHHo 3ByMamHe ocrajibHbie
TOAOC3, MToSbl npH HeKOTOpOM BblACAeHHH TeMbi H KOHTpSnyHKTHpyKJLUHe eR T0A0C3 TSKWe COXpSHflAH CBOH XapSKTepHblH
npotjiMJib. C A e A 0 BaTejibH 0 , 0A n n aK 080 SojibiuoR oujhGkom S w a o 6bi K3K HeAOCTSTOHHoe BbiAejienHe TeM bi, ta k h «C H oe
OTMeK3HMB3HHe T O A b K O ee OAHOM npH 6eCnOp«AOMHOM CJiysailHOM HCnOJIHeHMH OCTSAbHblX rOAOCOB: M bi MOWeM TOBOpHTb
O nOAJlHHHO nOJlH(t>OHH4eCKOH (})OpfenM3HHOH Hrpe TOAbKO TorAa, K0TA3 3TH HeCKOAbKO TOJIOCOB lByM3T T3K, K3K 6yATO Kaw-
AbiR m i hhx noerca hjih n rp a e T c a ApyrMM h ca o b c k o m . 3 t o , 6 e i com hchm ji, 6 o/ ib iu o e Tpe6oBaHMe, ho 3Aecb Mbi hmhcm hc a o jiw -
hw n o cT y n sT b ca . O h o snojiHe M o w e T SbiTb o cy m e c T B A e n o , ecjin Mbi — ksk a y w e na 3 t o yK33biB3A —- 6 yA eM onnpsTbca H3
HHTeHCMBHoe c jiy x o B o e npeACTSBJieHHe m HCHOe noHMManhe rapMOHMMecKoR CTpyKTypbi; KpoMe T o ro , ecAM GyAeM MMeTb b
BHAy t o t H3BecTHbiH (jiaKT, h t o cjjopTeriHaHHbift 3ByK c M0MeHT3 cB oero B03HHKHOBeHHa CT3H0BHTCH Bee TM iiie m Hepe3 onpe-
AejieHHoe BpeMa McnesseT cosceM . n p n o a h h 3 k o b o R H3M3JibHoR CHJie 38yKH, B3aTbie b hmwhcm perncTpe 6 yA yr TaHyTbca
AOJibuie, MeM b BbicoKOM. T s k h m o 6 p a s o M , BCTpeM aiom neca n orp eiu H ocT H b o th o u ic h h m njiacTHMHCCTM ro jio co B eA eH H a b
6oJibUJHHCTBe cA yn aeB OK33biB3K)Tca GJieACTBMeM npeHe6peweHMa k 3TOMy SKycTHHecKOMy aBJieHHio. M cK aw en H o e 3ByM3HHe
n o A p o 6 H o p 3 3 o 6 p a H H o ro 3Aecb TaKTa — ksk 3 t o S w a o y w e b h a h o b h o th o m npwMepe BBeAeHHa, — * ham, H anpw yiep, CTOAb
M3CTO BGTpeH3K>meeca HenpaBHAbHoe roJiocoBeAeHHe b TaKTax 19 h 21 mhbchukm e -m o ll (cm . cooTB ercTB yiom ee 3aMeHaHMe
b OTHOcameMca k 3tom n bece pa3AeAe TeKcra) aBAaioTca JiHiub OTAejibHO B3aTbiMM npMMepaMM m3 M H ornx n oA o6H b ix.

13
 1

(C-dur)

3 T y HHBenUHio mo>kho n acT o cjibiiu aT b b cKywHOM, 6 e3AyujHOM McnoJiHeHHH, T e , k t o w r p a io r ee TaKHM 0 6 p a 3 0 M, a a w e ne

A o ra A b iB ato T ca o t o m , c KaKHM lu eaeB poM hm ckot A e n o . Ily c T b He c 6 HBaeT Hac c TOJiKy 6 ecn p ep w B H o e , KaacymeecH m o h o to h -
h w m abhhcchhc w e c T H a A u a T b ix ! n p n n o M o m w cxeM bi HaM 6 y a e r jie r q e o x s a rH T b CTpoeHHe Bcefi n b e c w n npeAO xpaH H Tb n a m e
HcnoJiHeHHe o t onacHOCTH pacnjieHeHHS Ha cn/ioLUHbie OAHOTaKTOBbte KycowKH. T e M a 3Aecb AefiCTBHTejibHO OAHOTaKTOBan,
h o xaK pa3 3aAana Hcno/iHHTeJia w 3aKJHOHaeTCs b to m , 4 to 6 m , nnacTH4HO oxB aT b isaa 6 o jie e K pynHbie p a iA e jiw , a a T b nonyB -
CTBOBaTb cjiyu u aTen io AaJibH efim ee pa3BHTHe i T o r o K0 p 0 TK0 r 0 MOTHBa, « 6 apoHHyK»> <t>opMy BceM nbecbi. PaccM OTpwM npeacAe
B c ero c xe M y npoH3BeAeHKH (c r p . 14— 1 5 ). O n peA ejieH H e ({jopM bi 3 to h h h b ch lih h - cob ccm H e jie rK a a 3a A a s a ,T a K K aK ,xoTa u ejib ift
pj?A KaAeHUHH, HMerouiHXCH 3Aecb, c n o c o S c T B ye T yscHeHHK) 'ijieHeHHfl, b t o w e BpeMa acH oe B o cn p n a T n e C T p yK T yp w y o io a c -
H H erca, 6 jia r o A a p a HenpepwBHO pa3BHBaK>meftca «6 ecu e3 yp H O M » m o th b h o K TKaHH. H aw SoJiee s e p o a T H tiM npeACTaBnaeTca
cxieAyKDmee HJieHeHHe:
A ) TaKTbi 1— 6. TeMa noaBJiaeTcn b KaacAOM TaKTe (b TaKTax 4 m 6 — b o6pameHHn). ToHa/ibHocrb, HecMHTas He6ojibiuoro
oTKJioHeHna b AOMHHaHTy b o b t o p o m TaKTe, — C - d u r . (B 3THX mecTH TaKTax, 3a HCKJiKweHHeM (fia-duem b o b t o p o m TaKTe,
neT h h o A H o r o a;ibTepHpoBaHHoro 3ByKa!)
B ) T a K T b i 7 — 11. I l o c j i e k o p o t k o h m o t h b h o H ceKBeHUHH T e M a — h c0 0 T 8 eT crB eH H 0 e e o S p a m e H w e — cH O B a n p o x o A H T
bo B ce x T p e x r o / io c a x b TOHanbHOCTH A O M H H a H T b i; r o J io c a B C T y n a to r b n o p ^ A K e , n p o T H B o n o jio a c H O M TO N iy, k o t o p w K 6 b in b
n a s a jie n b ecb t. B T a ir r a x 10— 11 M bi n a x o flH M c T p e T T y T e M b i b o S p a m e H H H .
C) Ot 12 — a o c e p e A H H b i 1 7 - r o T a K T a . M o A y - n n p y io m a H « p a 3 p a 6 o r o 4 H a a » n a c T b B 0 3 B p am aeT C H M epe3 d - m o ll, g - m o lf
h F - d u r 0 6 p a T H 0 b C - d u r , c o C Tp eTT H biM n p o s e A e H H e M T e M b i h e e o 6 p a m e H H a b m e c T H a A u a T O M T a ic r e .
D) O t 17-ro T a K T a a o KO H ua. JTIocjre c eK B eH u w oH H otf H H T e p jiio A H H — n 0 A 0 6 H0 «B » — TeM a npoBOAHTCs BHana/ie Hh>k-
h h m t o jio c o m , 3aTeM oSpam euH e TeM bi a e ji h t c a m e *: a y a b y m a B e p x H H M H r o J i o c a M H («p a c 4 J ie H e H H o e
r o n o c o B e A e H H e » ).
X e m a — M ejiO A M H .H a M H H a ro u ia aca Ha b t o p o m 3B yK e r p y n n w w e c T H a A U a T b ix .B T e x c jt y n a a x , K o r A a T e M e He n p e A U ie c T B y e T
in e c T H a z m a T a a n a y 3 a , HaAO o c o 6 c h h o c jie A H T b 3a ee n p a B H jib H o fi ^ )p a 3 H p o B K o fi. HanpHMep, b 4 -m T a K T e B C Tyru ieH w e o 6 p a m e H H s
T e M b i AOJI5KHO 6 b !T b He TaKH M :

* 3 t o t nacTo BCTpe4atomtiKca iHanoK (***»***) o6o3HanaeT b cxeMax onenb He6ojibuioe ritardando, BbinoitHseMoe b HHtepecax
6 ojiee acHoro HJieHeHHs <J>opMbt. B M ecrax, oSosHaHCUHWX N B , o6parHTe BHHMaHHe Ha pa3JiH4HH b c>KOH4aHHflx TeMbt — Ha cxeMe h b
CaMOfl MHBeHUHH.

14
 3 t o 3HaHMT, h to HOTa e1 60jibine,othocmtch k npeAuiecTByioiuMM 3ByicaM, neM k nocneAy*oiuHM. ^ocTH m yTb 3roro b
HcnojineHMH m u CMoaceM, ecjriH 6yAeM nrparb BTopyio uiecxHaAuaTyio, HanHHafomyio reMy (b ashhom CJiynae f '), HecKOJibKO
rpoMHe (oAHaKo 6e3 yAapeHHa!), neM cneAOBa.no 6bi nrpaTb o 6 biHHyio 6e3yAapHyio uiecThaAuaTyfo (KaK ecjin 6bi MeacAy sthmh
3ByKaMn npHxoAHJica B3AOX HJiH cMena cMbiHKa). Pa3yMeexca, TeMa hjim ee o 6 pameHHe AonacHbi toh h o TaKHM ace 06pa30M
(J)pa3HpoBaTbca h Ha npOTHaceHHH Been nbecbi, b tcatcoM 6bi ronoce ohh hh npoxoAH/m.
TeMa hjih ee o6pameHHe noHBJimoTCH a c e o e M noJiHOM BHAe 18 pa3 (CHHTaa h «AByxrojiocHoe» npoBeAeHHe b npeAnocneA-
Hew TaKTe). M 3 hhx TOJibKO 3 npHXOAflTca Ha BepxHHfi tojioc, b kotopom , nanHHaa c 1 3 -ro TaKTa, TeMa Boo6me 6ojibiue He
no«Bii«eTca. E c n u mm OTCHOAa n p o cjieA H M n o c x e M e 3a pa38HTHeM jihhhh BepxHero r o jio c a , t o c yAHBJieHHeM o6HapyacHM,
KaKHM MejioAHHecKHM o^apoBaHM eM o 6 jia A a e T 3 to t, Ha bha ckpomhmh, «3anoJiH«K>iUHH» r o jio c 1
Orpe30K o t cepeAHHbi 8-ro a o cepeAHHbi 10-ro TaKTa ABJiseTCs noHTH SyKBaJibHOfi TpaHcno3HUHeK ts k to b 5— 6 b G-dur.
K pow e ro ro , tb k t 19 Moacno 6mjio 6m CHHTarb HAeHTHHHbiM 5-My (ecnu He yHMTbiBaTb nepecraHOBKH AByx BepxHHX tojiocob).
OAHaKo b oahom nyHKTe ohh hmcjot 3HaHHTejibHoe pa3JWHHe: b o t ho tueHhh n o r e H U H a j i b H O f t 3 h e p r h h , a TaKace
cBoeft pojin h (JiyHKUHH b Hanajie h b KOHue nbecbi.
MejtH3Mbi b Taxre 6 ( h 10):

^ 8 1 3 1 8 1 2 4 6

(cm. AByxro/iocHyto HHsenijHto c-m oll!)*

TaKHM 06pa30M, 3Aecb 3HanoK * v ,o6o3HaHaeT Tpejib, b cneAyiomeM TaKTe 3 t o t ate caMbift 3HanoK o6o3HanaeT o6whhmm
MopAeHT. (H b m cneAyeT 3HaTb, h to Bax Ana tp c jih noJib3yeTcsi KaK 3HaK3MH a v , TaK h tr ). Tonnoe HcnoJiHeHHe MopAeHia
b 7-m TaKTe 6m iio 6bi TaKHM:

15
hto b peKoweHAyeMoM Tewne neocymecTBHMO 6e3 HapyuieHHH HenpepwBHocTH KaTfliyeroca abhjkchhji uiecTHaAUaTbix b hhhc
HeM rojioce. I"l03T0My npaBH/ibHee 6yfler HrpaTb s to Mecto cneAyiomHM 06pa30M:

TaKoe pemeHHe MoweT 6biTb hphmchmmo bo Bcex noAo6Hbix cjiynaax, (t o ecTb, Kor^a MopaeHT HcnojiHfleTca Ha 3ByKe, HAyweM
nocne 3Toro Ha ceKyHAy bhh3), eciiH TeMn He no3BOJi«eT Bocnojib30BaTbc« pacuiH^poBKoft, npwBeAeHHofi b npeAbtAyweM npw-
Mepe.
BcTynJieHHe HHHCHero ro / io ca n a 3-w neTBepTK T p H H aA U aToro ra K T a He ubjijtctch npoBeAeHHeM T eM b i; s t o to jim c o
n e p s a a noJtosHHa TeM bi, BepH ee e e o S pa m eH H a . n o 3 T O M y 3Aecb HyjKHO H 36eraTb 3H aHHTenbHoro noAnepKHBaHHfl, HHane Bne-
naTJieHHe c b o k c c t h o t c n e A y K > m e ro > «H a c T o a m e r o » BCTynneHHfl TeM bi S yA eT o c jia S jie H o .
npeAJiaraeMoeHcnojiHeHHe:
M oderato, J = 72— 76, m/*, mecTHaAuaTbie — BbipoBHeHHoe JierKoe JieraTO, BocbMbie — non legato; hotm AJiHHHee
BocbMbix — tenuto. B MecTax HJieHeHHH (fcopMbi (cm. aHajm3!) peKOMeHAyeTCH MajieHbKoe 3aMeAJieHHe.

(c-moll)
B npoTHuonojKMKHOCTb npeAMAyweH HHBeHUHH, b 3TOtt nbece caMa TeMa b CBoeM iiojih om AByxTaKTOBOM BHAe npoxoAHT
Bcero neTbipe pasa, bo btopom ace nacTH, CKopee c o 6 c tb c h h o yace c 13-ro TaKTa nepBoii nacTH, He noaBJiaexcH hh pa3y! 3aTO
reM Gorane b o BTopoft nacTH pa3pa6oraHbi oTAeJibHbie m oth bbi TeMbi. CxeMa s to A hhbchuhh iip h b o a h tc h Ha crpaHHue
17— 18.

B noMeneHHbix N B TaKTax cxeMbi n yn pocm n $Hrypai*Hio uiecTHaAUaTbix no-HHOMy tcm b AByx npeAbmymnx aHajiorHi-
hmx MecTax, TaK KaK HHane 3Aecb bo3hhkjih 6bi napajuie-nbHbie OKiaBbi:

etc.

IlocTpoeHHe npoH3BeAeHHH, ero nponopuwn mojkho eme acHee ycBOWTb c noMombio oneHb npocrofi rapMOHHiecKOfl
cxeMbi:

* 3 to m f othochtcji jiHuib k o6me8 AHHaMHKe nbecw (b Apyrwx HHBeHUwax 3to HMeeT raxoft * e cm w cji). H to KacaeTca tohkoK rpa-
AaMHH HHHaMHHecKMx Aerajieft — cm. BseAeHwe!

16
 A h a J1 M 3 (J) o p M bl

A, flByxTaKTOBaa reMa b BepxHeM roiioce, 3areM ona ace — b cpeAHetvi rojioce. Flocjie 3Toro ceKoeHLma — Asa TaKTa
h 1V« TaKTa — 3aKpenjieHne b napajnmejibHOM Es-dur (Bcero yj.> TaKTa = a,), flocjie 0AH0TaKT0B0r0 MOflynHpyio-
mero nepexoAa b g-moll:
A, n o CBoeMy coAepwaHHio machthhch pa3Ae.ny A, b TOHanbHOCTH AOMHHanTbi, TOJibKO c hhwm, neM b A ly pacnpe-
AejienHCM tojiocob b 2 x 2 t3 k to b o m npoBeAeHHH TeMbr a b AByxraKTOBOH ceKBeHiwn. 3Aecb b napaiuienbHOH t o -
HanbHOCTH (Ha 3t o t pa3 b B-dur) T a K »e HMeeTca n0JiyT0paTaKT0B0e 3aKpenjieHHe (bm cctc c npeAuiecTByiomeii
ceKBeHuneH cocTaBJunomee Bcero 3'/2 TaKTa = a2) 6jnaroAapa 3Towy BoarraHaBJiHBaeTCfl AeficTBHTeJibHoe 3Ha-
4eH»e TaKTOBOll nepTbi (a o 3Toro ona H3-3a BcrpeTHBmerocfl b noJiyxopaTaKTOBoro nocTpoeHHA Sbuia cabh-
nyTa na nonTaKTa). Eahhctbchhoc cymeCTBeHHoe oTJijmne o t A, 3aKjno»jaeTca b tom , mto 3Aecb bmscto OAHOTaK-
TOBoro nepexoAa HMeeTCfl peniKTenbHaa AsyxTaKTOBaa KaAeHuwa b g-m oil, 3aBepmaK>maa pa3Aeji A 2 h OAHOBpe-
M6hho bck) nepByio Hacn> (A ) npoH3 bcach ha.

rf-J Pj,— 1 . , j j..., J. J

“1
^:i

H
' f

I
p=p=

[Agj (9jTaKTOB 4 +2 + 1£ @ )

17
 E ( • T3KT0U 4+2+3)
J r i J ),
4

g ■ > } .L-— — > rJr'T~--J f t h

i " l 1^
f ininn 1 PCi f T r
, u 4#W -
m •

[a ^ ] (2 + l £ + 1 * TaKTa)

EJ: Co6cTBeHHO pa3pa6oTxa, KOTOpaa nepe3 TOHaJibHOCTH f-m oll h Es-dur Be^eT 06parH0 b c-moll. Ee crpyirrypa:
B 4 + 2 + 3 TaKTa ( cm . rapMOHHHecKyto cxeMy!).
[a7); IlepBbie 3 V2TaKTa 3aKJiK>HHTe.nbHoft mnrHTaKTOBOH nacTH Moryx CHHTaTbca penpH3ott npeAuiecTByiomHx pa3AeJiOB,
h a2> no3TQMy a o6o3HaHM.n hx KaK a3. IlocjieAHHe 1lj2Taicra o6pa3yioT 3aKJikjhhtcjibHyio KaAeHUHio.

rTbcca hocht cnoKowHbiM, HeMHoro rpycTHbiM jTHpH4ecKHR xapaKTep; HecK0JibK0 6ojiee ApaMaTMnecKHft ottchok n oas-
•naerca b TaKTe 23 h Aajibiue.
Cne/iyeT ocTeperaTbca wrpaTb noBTopaiom Heca BocbMbie tc m h :

CJ1HIUKOM KOpOTKHM OTCKaKHBaiOIAHM CTaKKaTO, T3K KaK 3TO HapyiUHJlO 6bl CIIOKOHHOe ABHMCeHHe nbecbl H MOTJIO npHAaTb,
en npLiraiouiHM xapaKTep. E cjih Mbi 6yfleM n0Jib30BaTbca npeAnncaHHoft ariruiHKaTypoft ( hto cnocoGcTBOBajio 6m ocymecT-
BJieHHio jKejiaeMoft HHTepnpeTauHH), to noBTopaiomHeca najibm*i aojitkhm HrpaTb He c noMouibio «MenKHX» ABHJKeHHft, a
«BCeH pyKOM». riaJTbUaM HyJKHO Bee BpeMH OCTasaTbCfl B KOHTaKTe C COOTBeTCTByiOIUHMH KJiaBHIUaMH, KOTOpbie AOJIJKHbl Ha-
»:HMaTbCH npejKAe, MeM ohh B03BpaT«Tca b hcxoahoc nojioaceHHe (3to , kohchho, c c y m e c T B H M O TOJibKO Ha ^oprenHano c pe-
neTHHHOHHofi MexaHHKOM). H e6ojibw oe nOAHATHe khcth Me*Ay AByMa noBTopaiomHMHca 3ByKaMH MOHcex o6jier«iHTb yKa-
3aHHbitf 3Aecb cnoco6 HcnojiHeHHa. BaacHO T a o c e Hrparb rpynnw uiecTHaAUaTbix, Boco6eHHOCTHnpoTa*eHHbie(TaKTbi 19— 2 2 ! )
cnoKowHbiM njiaBHbiM JieraTO, H36eraa yKa3aHHoft b CTapbix H3AaHHax Hpe3MepHoft — ~ TZ —— ARHaMHKH.
A n n jiH K a r y p y B T o p o r o TaKTa: 2— 3— 2 cJieAyeT n o n p o 6 oBaTb HecKOJibxc p a 3. T a x o K t h it an tu iH K axyp bi b o BpeM eH a B a x a
6 bm BecbMa p acn p ocT p aH eH ; b AaHHOM ace c jiyn a e , — e cjin b Hanajie o h h noKaaceTca HecKOHbKO HenpHBbiHHbiM, — b p e3yrib-
T a T e 6 yA eT c n o c o 6 cTBOBaTb 6 o jie e K p acH B O M y, n e s y n e M y H cnojiH eH H io, neM A p y r a a a n n jin x a T y p a c n oakAaAbiB aH H eM n e p B o ro
n an b u a.

TpejiH b TaKTax 7,15— 16 h 30 wejiaTejibHo HanHHaTb c rjiaBHott hotm. EoJiee AAHHHbie TpejiH Taxoro THna yace bo BpeMeHa
Baxa Ha<WHajiHCb c maBHoft hotu , k TOMy ace c HeKOTopbiM nepeAepKHBaHHeM nepBoro 3ByKa. BnaroAapa 3TOMy Tpejib noJiy-
najiacb TaKofi, KaK ecriH 6bi ona HanHHajiacb co BcnoMoraTeJibHoro 3ByKa:

18
 TlpHHHMaH BO BHHMaHHe TeMH UhCChl, HCUOJIHeHHe TpenH TpHjmaTLBTOpblMH 6 tIJ IO 6bl CJ1H1UKOM SblCTpbIM H BHpTy03HblM,
n03T0My ueJiecoo6pa3Hee HrpaTb ee TpaonaMH H3 inecTHaAuaTbix cjie^yiomHM 06pa30M:

/{na Toro, MToSbi CTpeMJieHHe k TOHHOMy Be^eHHio cpeAHero rojioca He noBpeAHno paBHOMepHOMy abhjkchhk) TpenH,
L[eJiecoo6pa3Ho «AByxrojiocH tie» Mecra TpenH npeABapHTenbHo 0Tpa 60TaTb oraenbHo:

2 4 2 4________ 248

~ t"h 7 ^ T O ? J -J
I1
■ ■ ' C - .... .

h TaKHM o 6 p a 3 0 M , m t o 6 l i npeAcraBJieHwe o 3By4aHHH h aniuiHKaType OAHOBpeMeHHO H3BJieKaeMbix ABOHHbix hot acH o 3ane-
yaxjiejiocb b HaiiieM M03ry:

4 1
Flocjie 3xoro — h mnbKO nocne 3 T oro — 6yAeM yiyiHHaTb Tpenb nepeA KaacAbiM H3 sth x AByx Mecr h nocne hhx — KaK
6bi BOKpyr HeKHX «T04eK o n o p b i», — nocreneHHO HanhHas Bee p aH biue h KOHiaa Bee Aanbiue, noKa sth MecTa He OKaacyTca
ciTjnaBneHHbiM H b o A H y n p o A o n »C H T e n b H y K > T p e n b :

Mpe3BbmaftHo b3>kho bo BpeMa pa3y4HBaHHa, — b KaKOM 6 b i Mecre M b i He HaHHHann Tpenb, — n p e jk a e neM HanaTb,
MbicneHHO npeACTaBHTb ce6e 3By4aHHe h annnHKaTypy, noKa3aHHbie b oahom h3 npeAuiecTByiomHx npHMepoB, a 3aTeM cocpe-
AOTO4HTb CBOe BHHMaHHe Ha TOM, IlOCne CKOJlbKHX TpHOJieft HaMHHaKJTCa ABOftHbie HOTbl. TaKHM 0 6 p a 3 0 M Mbi A 06beMCa Toro,
4 to Tpenb cTaneT xopoino BbipoBHeHHoft h b t o ace BpeMa cpeAHHft to jio c TaKxce 6yAeT 3By4arb nnacTH4HO.
B ra K T e 12, k o h c h h o , h>okho H rp aT b r p o M 4 e h h ac h h ft 3ByK TepUHH d 1 — f i s 1.

^ononHHTenbHbte TexnunecKHe ynpaacHeHHa k TaKTaM 14— 15:

3aKni04eHHe TpenH b TaKTax 15— 16 aohdkho 6 b iT b TaKHM:

TaK * e HyjKHO HrpaTb 3aKnio4eHHe TpenH b TaKTe 31.

CneAyeT o6paTHTb BHHMaHHe Ha n n acTH 4H oe BeAeHHe AB yxronocna b Taxrax 19 — 2 0 b npaBoft pyKe, h b TaKTax 21— 2 2 —
b n eB o J i. 3 t h M e c T a cobccm H e A o n a cH b i 3 B y 4 a T b T a x (K a K , k c o a c a n e H H io , h x n a m e B c e r o n p H x o A H T C a c n b i i n a T b ) :
 HaAo Bbt.ae.nHTb hokhwm Bbipa3HTeubHb)M noAMepKHBaHneM espressivo J . Dcs- b 19-m ratcrc h J . A s 1 b 21-M TaKTe.
Hrpaa MejioAHto, HAyutyK? b pHTMe J)J J)|Jb ApyroM roJioce — ropaiAO THiue.
PacnpeAejiHB cpejjHuft ronoc b 25-m TaKTe Me)KHy o6cmm pyicaMn:

m o i k h o 6 y A e T r o p a s A O K p a c H B e e H C n o jiH H T b M e / io a m o B e p x n e r o r o j i o c a .
B T a K T a x 2 8 — 2 9 M bi H a x o A H M t o h k o « p a i o p B a H H o e » T e M a T w s e c K o e r o J io c o B e A e H H e : m o t h b , H a s a B W H fiC H b 6 a c y , h o a -
X B a T b iB a e T c a c p e n H H M r o j i o c o M b c J ie ^ y J o m e M T a K T e , T a M , rxie K O H H a e T c s jimhmh H H W H e ro r o / io c a .
n pea ji a rae m oe H c n o i i H e H w e : Tranquillo, J. ■= 6 0 ; legato, dolce espr., c A H H a M H K o il o t p ao mf.

(D-dur)

3 T a h h b c h u h h HMeeT o 'ieH b M H o r o o 6 m e r o .c ( }) y r o H . Teivia e e 3aHHMaeT h b a TaKTa, h o h o m t h B c e r n a ee Aon oJiH n er n o j i y -

T a K T O B b lH m o t h b :

IAi 3T o r o BbiTeKaeT CBoeo6pa3He (J)opMbi nbecbi. BeAb noo^epejaHoe ( b noaieAOBaTeJibHOCTH: BepxHHfi, cpeAHnfi, hhjk-
HHft r o jio c ) npOBeAeHHe TeMbi b Tpex roJiocax (3Kcno3HUH«) hojhkho 6bt.no 6bi 3aHSTb 3X2'/2= 7'A: TaKTOB. Ho TaK KaK
AonoJiHHTejibHbiR mothb, c/teAyKHUHii ia rpeTbHM npoBeAeHHeM TeMbi, hbjihctch oAHCBpeMeHHo h HanajiOM AByxTaKTOBoR
HHTep/noAHH (TaKTbi 8 — 9), t o nepBaa noJiOBHHa 8 -ro TaKTa, cjieAOBaTeJibHo, BbinojiHaeT r b o Pi h y k> (fryH KUH to. Ha n p o T a -
5KeHHM 3TOK HHTepJTIOAHH HH5KHH& H BepXHHtf rOJIOC HCnOJIHJHOT 3TOT .AOnOJTHHTejlbHblft MOTHB B HepeAytOLUHXCfl HMHTaUHflX.
T a p M O H M H e c K a a c x e M a 3T o r o M e c r a :

B HHTepJllOAHH B03HHKaeT em e H HOBblS m oth b:

to JKe c a M o e h n pn 4epeA yK >m eflca H M nTaim n b BepxHeM h hhjkhcm r o jio c a x .

A o c T n rH y B AOMHHaHTbf napajinenbHOH T O H a j t b H o c T H h - m o i l ( 10- i i T a K T ) , m w ycjibiW H M TeM y c n e p B a b h-moll b B e p x H e M
rojioce, 3aTeM b KOHTypax cmchbiouihx Apyr A p y r a r p y n n u ie c T H a A u a r b ix BepxHero h c p e A H e r o t o j i o c o b (b T O H a J ib H O C T H mh -
H O p H O ft A O M H H a H T b l):

* 06paTHTe BHHiwaHHe Ha HHTepBajibHoe paiJtHHHC o6 b eA «H eH H b ix KpywicaMH x o ^ o b — b 3aBHCMM0CTH o t T o r o , b c jic t jih 3 t o t m o th b

AajlbUJe, B TOHaJlbHOCTb AOMHHaHTbl HJIH B03BpaiUaCTCS 06paTH0, B TOHaJIbHOCTb to h h k h !

20
 f l o c j i e 3 T o ro «a B y x i o j io c h o i o » B a p b n p o B a n H o ro npOBeaeHHa TeMbi b BHAe h c k jik >h c h h » o rc y T C T B y er Aon ojiH H TejibH bitt
m o th b, h b cepeziMHe 1 4-ro TaKTa 3aKaHHHBaerca n ep s a a nacTb h h b &h u m h .
B T opan nacTb HanHnaeTca h m h ts u h o h k o h p a3 p a 6 o T K o n m o th b ob TeM bi. BeiiHHHHa 3TOH pa3pa6oTKH 4'/" TaKTa - 3 TaKTa
n o I (c cooTBeTCTByiom H M ctviemen n ew T a K T o s o ft nepTbi). 3 r y Maerb n a ^ o H rpaTb, He «BbinejTHH» n o c T o s H H o TOJibKO K o p o r -
kmh TeMaTHHecKMift m o th b , n ep exo a am H H H3 ronoca b t o jio c , a 6oJibuie oSpaiuaa BHHMaHHe na <j)pa3bi m n p o K o r o AbixaH w a!

J f 4.... I t

14
K r r

O t 19- r o TaKTa h a o K O H u a nbefcbi TeMa npoxoAHT eme t p h n c a w , b hhjkhcm, cpeAHeM u BepxneM rojioce — t o ecTb b n o -
pa/iKe, oS parH O M nopaAKy npoBeAeHHA TeMbi b Hana/ie. KpoMe Toro, TOHanbHbie c o o t h omen ha 3Aecb TaKJKe MeHHioTca —
e c jiH b 3Kcno3MUHH Mbi BCTpena/iHCb c HepenoeaHHeM T — D — T , t o 3Aecb Mbi b h u h m n o c n e .a o B a T e n bHOCTb S — T — T ! R e a n e -
nocpeacTBeHHo cneAyioiUHX Apyr 3a ApyroM t o h m h c c k h x npoBeaeHHa TeMbi 3aKpermflK>T omymeHne TOHa/ibHOCTH, a TaKHce
iiejiaiOT noHATHbiM OTcyrcTBHe A o n o j i H H T e / i b n o r o MOTHBa Me>KAy AByMH nocjienHHMH BCTynneHHBMH TeMbi (TaKT 23 ) . B e A b
pojib 3T o r o MOTHBa 3aKJH0HaeTC« b t o m , h t o 6 m BecTH b TOHajibHOCTb AOMHHanTbi hjih ace B03BpamaTb naiaa, k BcryrmeHHio
reMbi BTOHajibHOCTH t o h h k h ( n o oTHOLueHHio k nepBOMy r io ji o w e H H i o c m . TaKTbi 3 , 12 h 21 , no OTHomeHHio k o BTopoMy —
TaKT 5 ! ) . H o TaK KaK 3Aecb b o 6 o h x 3aKJiK>HHTenbHbix nposezieHHax reMa OAHHaKOBbiM 06pa30M npoxoAHT b TOHanbHOCTH
t o h h k h , B a x Mor cnecTb A o n o ji H H T e j i b H b m m o t h b h s j i h ii i h h m b c ()y h K U M O H a /ib H O M o t h o l u c h h h h H a 3 t o m o c h o b b h h h ero
0 T 6 p o c H T b . (HarneMy npHMepy n O A o S e n h n o n o ji h hre jib h t> m m o t h b 12-8 h h b c h u h h A-dur — ero « y B O A a m a a » h « B 03 B p a m a w > -
m a «» po/ib.)
BaacHo e m e 3HaTb, h t o b 3TOH n bece TeM a HMeeT ABa n o c ro a n H b ix npoTHBocjioJKeHHa, KOHTpanyHKTHpyioitiHX n io S o M y
OTAe/ibHOMy n poBeAeH H io TeMbi (yaep>fcaHHbie n p o r n B o c n o w e n h a ).
fle p B O e H3 HHX'

* O SpaTH biM npMMepoM m o jk s t c/iyxcHTb cKpbiraa nojimJjOHHa 6 Ma/ieHbKoft npexiioAMM D -d u r . 3 t o nepeKJWiKa AByx to jio co b .

M J1 I B i J " . . 773 j T\ e=f=

ijj

H •' j g ' L ' jfc ft r ■

uU

O e p a T H T e BHHMaHHe Ha c x o a c tb o T e M MajieHbKoft npeJiK>AHH D - d u r u w h b b h u h h D - d u r :

------------ 1

21
3ByXH KOTOpOrO, CHHKOnHpOBaHHbte, CJlHrOBaHHbie Mepe3 CHJlbHyK) flOJIK), 3ByHaT B yHHCOH HJIH B OKTaBy C BepXHHMH 3ByxaMH
xapaK iepH bix cexcxosbix rn aro B xeMbi.
CocKajib3biBaHHe najibueB b 6 -m k 7 -m xaKxax cneAyex BHanane ynnxb xaxHM 06pa30M:

HexBepxwft naneu Ha dis2 He cneAyex cxaBwxb BepxHxajtbHO, ero Hya<HO, cnerxa corHyB, nonowHXb Ha xpaft HepHoftxjiaBHWH;
3ByK e2 H3BJieicaexcH bo BpeMH neSoJibuioro abhxchhh xhcxh BHyxpb, no HanpaBJieHHio k icpbimice; xaKHM 06pa30M 6yaex
AocxnrHyxo nnaBHoe Jieraxo.
B oxHomeHHH xo^Horo. HcnojiHeHHH cpeAHero ronoca b 15 -m xaxxe c m . noApoSwbiii aHajtH3 Bxoporo xaxxa HHBeHUHH
d-m oll, npHBeueHHbift b o B b c a c h h h !
CneAyex oSpaxwxb bhhmbhhc Ha xo, h x o noBxopjnomyiocfl Ha 7-m jtuecxHaAUaxoft 17-ro xaKxa Hoxy a 1 h e a o Aep>xaxb
jjo te x nop, noKa BepXHHft ronoc He nepeftAex c Hee Ha cjreAywmyfo Hoxy.
I T p e f l J i a r a e M o e H c n o J i H C H u e : G razioso, J
= 72— 76; mf, MectaMH — p (oco6eHHo b xaxxax 14— 17). A p-
XHKyjiHpoBaxb xeMy m o *h o cneAyK>mHM 06pa30M:

TexyHHe wecxHaAUaxbie cneAyex nrpaxb cnoKofimbiM legato, BOCbMbie — non legato, 3ByKH 6ojibuiett AJinxeJtbHocxH —
tenuto.

(d-moll)
Tewa HaxoAHxea b AOBOJibHO 6jih3xom poACXBe c xeMOii d-moH’HOH ace MajreHbKOw npejnoAHH:

B cbh3H c 3xhm cxohx HeMHoro 3aAep3Kaxbca Ha OAHOjti oco6eHHocxH HCKyccxBa 6ap0KK0 Boo6me h reHHH Baxa b •iacTHOCXH
3 x a oco6eH»ocxb 3aKnioHajiacb b nopa3HxejibHoft chocoShocxh co3AaHHH 6oraxoro pa3Hoo6pa3H». TeM h mothbob, ucjihkon
BbipacxafoutHX H3 KaKoro-xo o«ieHb npocxoro M oiH B H oro 3epHa h pa3BHBaK>WHXca H3 HeroAaiibuie. Box HecKonbxo npHMepoB;
ocHOBHbie MOXHBbi xeM xpexroJiocHbix HHBeHyHtt 2 , 4 h 7 (Bee xpn nbecw MHHopHbie; ajiernnecKHe!), HMetomne b xaxoM-xo
OXHOUieHHH OAHHaKOBOe npOHCXO)KAeH He (pa3JIHHHbIM CnOCo6oM pa3JI05KeHHbie 3ByKH MHHOpHOrO Xpe3ByHHH B MenOAHieCXOM
nonojxeHHH xepuHH): .

C 3 x o K x o h k h 3peHHa ciOAa m o jk h o npH4HCJiHXb xaxace H an ajio AB yxrojiocH O H HHBeHUHH c-moll, a x a x jx e H an a jio M aneHb
xoti npenroAHH (xoxe c-m oll):

22
 n o c J ie A H u ft h3 m o t h b o b BCTpenaeTCH T aK ace h b M a ^ o p e , H a n p H M e p , b H ana/ie A B y x n p ejH O A H i* «Xopouuo TeM nepnpoB aH -
Horo K JiaBH pa»:

Il0B T0p«K >, Bee ohh npeACTaBJinioT co6okj Tpe3By»iHe b Meji0AHHecK0M noJioaceHHH Tepunn — b npocTOM BHAe hjih BapbH-
poBaHHOe nyTeM AoSaBJieHHH BcnoMoraTeJibHbix h jih npoxoAfliunx 3ByK0B! T y A a » e n p M H a A J io c a T T e M b i T p e x r o J io c H o ft
HHBeHUHH D-dur h (JiyrH B-dur H3 «Xopouro TeMnepnpoBaHHoro KnaBHpa», t o m I, M e a c A y K0 T0 pbiMH HMeeTcn H e o c n o p H M o e
CXOACTBO:

. r C
Bo3Bpaiuaacb k paccMaTpHBaeMoft hhbcshuhm, n p eA C T aB H M ce6e (J )pa3H p oB K y T e M b i c n e A y io iu H M 0 6 p a 3 0 M :

S I5 S *—

n -

B xanecTBe oTpHuaTejibHoro npHMepa npnaeAy yacacHyw «TpaKTOBKy» oAHoro CTaporo H3AaHHH:

( b OTHOHieHHH 3TOTO CM. CKa3aHHOe BO BBeAeHHHl).

TeMy conpOBO>KAaeT ABHHcymnficH b hhjkhcm ronoce na Mariep npoTHBOCJiOHceHHH mothb bocbmmmh, ho we npH Bcex ee
npOBeAeHHax, a, KpoMe Hanana, eme b Taicrax 8— 10 h 13— 14.
TeMa — h cooTB eTcxB eH H o B bim eynoM H H yxbift mothb — Ha npoTH^eHHH n b e c w npeTepneBaer 3 HaHHTejibHbie BHAOH3Me-
HeHHa. n p e jK A e B c e ro h xotcji 6bi o6p aT H T b BHHMaHHe Ha ABe ceKBeHUHH, H A ym w e o x cepeAHHbi 1 0 -ro T a x x a a o cepeAHHbi 1 3 -ro
xaK xa. (CeKBeHUHH 3Aecb npoxoAHT x o jib x o b r o jio c e , BeAyiu eM ochobho# moxhb; 0 6 a ocxaJibHbix r o jio c a ABHacyxca 6 o n e e
cboooaho.) 0 6 e ceKBeHUHH 3aHHMa*OT n o n a n r o p a xaK x a Ka^cAas. B n ep B oft H3 hhx m o x h b c y b e ji k i e h h bi m h H H xep-
BajibHbiMH xoA aM H n p o x o A n x b HHJKHeM r o jio c e . BepxHHft to jio c HenocpeAcxBeHHO n epeH H M aex moxhb h b conpoBOJKAeHim
BeJiHKOJienHoii xpoM aTH KH c p e A H e ro r o j i o c a n poB O A n x e r o Ha s x o x pa3 yace c y M e H b i u e H H t i m h — n o cpaBHeHHio c
nepBOHanajibHbiM bhaom — HHxepBaJibHbiMH xoa3mh. 3 Aecb KaacexcH, h to moxhb H 3Jiaraexca x o jib K o ABaacAbi, ho b K an ecxse
x p e r b e r o npoBeAeH H a c io A a mohcho npHHHCJiHTb e m e h MeJiOAnnecKHfi xoa, nnacTHHHO BbiAe jih ioiuhhch h3 B 3aH M H oro c o ie T a -
hhh Bcex tojiocob :

OAHaKo HanOoJiee HHTepecHoe H3MeHeHKe TeMbi m o > k h o HaSmoAaxb b 14— 15-m xaKTax: CJieAya 3a npoBeAemieM xeMbi
b BepxHeM rojioce b a-moli (xaKX 13), cpeAHHfi t o j i o c MOAy-flHpyex b g-moll, BMecro xoro, m x o 6 w nepefixn b xoHaJibHocxb
AOMHHaHXbi, KaK 3X0 nojiaranocb 6bi b « npa b h ji b h o m » oxBexe:

a) «n p a B H J ib H b ik » o t b c t

23
 TloAoSMbiM we 06pa30M nocTpoeHo npoBe^eHHe TeMbi b BepxHeM ronoce Ha aBa TaKTa no3>Ke b cepeAHHe mecTHaAuaToro
TaKTa (BnponeM, t o h h o T a K o e 3Ke n p o B e A e H M e y * e B C T p e n a jio c b p a H b iu e b h h > k h cm ronoce iuecroro TaKTa).
O o p M a , KaK m b n p eA b m ym eit hhbchuhh D -d u r, — f l B y x i a c t h a si h nocTpoena n o TH ny 0 y r n . Ilo c jie BToporo
npoBefleHHJ! T e M b i b 3Kcno3nuMn — eme a o BCTynjieHHH ee b TpeTbeM ronoce — noaBnaeTca KopoTKas HHTepnioAHH, i i o a o 6 h o
TO M y, KaK 3t o CAenaHO b h h b c h lih h x 9 h 13 h b n a T H ro n o c H o it cjjyre b - m o ll H3 « X o p o m o reMnepHpoBaHHoro K n a B H p a ». B e e
MHTepjnoAHH T a K o r o m n a b 3Kcno3HUHax J in pH 4 ecK oro nnaH a a o j d k h w HcnonHflTbca p , s o t to v o c e , «o p r a H H b iM » 3ByKOM,
A n a r o r o h t o 6 w mo5kho 6biJio nnacTHHHO OTAejiHTb n o c n e A y io m e e Tperbe (Bee eme H e rp o M K o e ) BcrynneHHe o t o c r a J ib H b ix
r o n o c o B , npoAonwaiouiHX 6 o n e e THxoe, KaK 6bi «<|)0H0B0e» pa3BHTHe n p e A m ec T B yio m eH HHrepnioAHH.
H h >k h h M r o n o c b 6 -m T a K T e M H T O H n pyeT T e M y c y n o M J w y T b iM K B b im e H H TepB an bH b iM H H 3M en eH H aM H h — h t o c t o h k h
3peHHH (Jjop M bi n p e A C T a s n a e r 3 A e c b o c o 6 b it t m r r e p e c — c c k b c h u h o h h o n p o B O A H T m o t h b eme h b T p e T H it p a 3 . E n a r o A a p a
3 T O M y 3 A e c b B 03H H K aeT p a 3 M e p *jz h Ta K H M 0 6 p a 3 0 M n o n y n a e T c a n o n y T a K T O B o e c M e m e H H e T a K T o s o fi n e p T b i B n n o T b a o c e p e A H H b i
1 0 -ro T a K T a . 3 A e c b H a n H H a io T c a T e A B a c e K B e H u e o 6 p a 3 H b ix M e c r a A J iH T e n b H o c T b io n o n o n r o p a T a K T a , o k o t o p w x yace m n a
p e n b p a H b iu e .
B r o p a a n a c rb nbecbi H anH iiaeTca b cepeAH H e 1 3 -ro T a K T a h B 0 3 B p a m a e r c a H3 a - m o ll o S p a T H o b d - m o ll n e p e 3 g - m o ll h
F - d u r . T e M a n p o x o A H T 6ecnpepbiBH O n e T b ip e p a 3 a b pa3JiHHHbix r o n o c a x , n p H H eM Ta K H M 0 6 p a 3 0 M , h t o H3 K a a cA b ix A B y x n p o -
B eA eH H ft n e p B o e A B n aeT C s n p aB H JibH biM , a « O T B e H a io m e e » M O fly n H p y e T c n o M o m b i o H eo 6 b iH H b ix HHTepBanbHbix x o a o b (c m .
B b in ie ). B c e p e A H H e 1 7 -ro r a x r a K a jK e T c a , 6yznx> T e M a noaBJtseTCJi e m e h b naTbift pa3 (b c p e A H e M r o n o c e ) ; h o 3 t o — K aK B C K o p e
BblJICHHeTCfl — TOJibKO TeM aTH H eC K aa CeKBeHUHfl npOTHHCeHHOCTbJO B P/s T a K T a (3 A eC b CHOBa HMeeTCH B B H A y CeKBCHUHfl JIHUIb
b o a h o m , T eM a TH H ecK O M r o n o c e ). I l o c j i e 3 t h x non yTopa TaKTOB ( o t H anana 1 9 -ro T a K T a ) oKOHHaTenbHO BoccTaHaBnwBaeTca
H o p M a n b H o e 3H aneH H e ra K T O B o ft n e p T b i. H e T b ip e T a K T a , c j i e A y i o m n x 3 a n o c n e A H H M B C T yn n eH H eM T e M b i b 2 0 -m T a ir r e , M o r y T
p a c c M a T p H B a T b c a KaK K O A a. f l B a 3 a K n io H B T en b H b ix r a K r a no c o A e p a c a H H io HAeHTHHHbi T a K T a M 12— 13. T a K H M 0 6 p a 3 0 M ,
M 05KH0 p e 3 !O M H p O B aT b :
A : p a c n p o cT p a H a e T ca o t 1 -ro TaKTa a o cepeAHHbi 1 3-ro.
B n yT p H 3 T o ro p a3 A en a m o x h o pa3JTHHHTb ABa 6 o n e e m cjikh x o rp e 3 K a BeJiHHHHofi b 7 !/2 h 5 TaKTOB.
B : BenHHHHofi b 1 07 2 TaKTOB c BHyTpeHHHM HneHeHHeM: 6 l/2 + 4 TaKTa.
,Hna AocTHweHHa njiacTHHHOCTH ronocoBeAeHHA b 3-m TaKTe HyiKHO pa3y*iHBaTb ero cneAyiounHM 06pa30M:

K poM e toto , n oM O J K er h a c H o e n p e A c r a B jie H H e c x e M b i 3 T o r o M e c T a :

BHHMareJibHo npocneAHM n o rapMOHHHecKOft cxeMe 3a pa3BHTHeM BepxHero ronoca b T a K T a x 8 — 13, a TaKMce b neTbipex 3a-
TaKTax. 0 6 p a m a e T Ha ce6a BHHMaHHe BonHHcraa AHaroHHHecKaa jih h h a u i a p o K o r o AbixaHHa — b nepBOM
K n io H H T e n b H b ix
cjiynae, — h o x B a T b ia a to m a n iienyjo oKTaBy x p o M a T H K a Bepxnero ronoca b T a K T a x 21— 2 3 :

3 t h n pH M epbi HarnaAHO H J in ro c T p H p y eT to , o neM a n n ca n bo B b c a c h h h b cb 33 h c My3biKaJibHbiMH c xeM a M H : KaK oe c o B e p -

cahhctbo ronocoBeAeHHa h rap M O H H H — r o p H 3 0 H r a n b H b ix h B e p T H K a n b H b ix 3JieMeHTOB — co3AaeT B a x b cBoett
in e H H o e
My3biKe. H a p a A y c 6oraTott rapMOHH3au,Heft BbiinenpHBeAeHHbix tbktob, t o b oahom, t o b A p y r o M r o n o c e hohth n ocroa H H O
BbicrynaeT noM eneHHbitt n r ir o ft TeM aTH H ecK H ft mothb.

24
 yjcpaiueHHA b 4-m TaKTe AOJiacHbi HcnojiHATbCs cJieAyJowHMoSpasotvi:
4

n p e f l J i a r a e M o e H c n o j i H e H n e : Andante, J = 54; legato, p cantabile, b 10-m m 16-m TaKTax AHHaMH4ecK0 e

paaBHTHe AOCTHraeT m f \ a 3aTeM onaTb B03BpamaeTC« k p.

5
(Es-dur)
MHBeHUHH Es-dur cyiuecTBeHHO OT/in4aeTca o t Bcex ocra/ibHbix m no xapamepy, h no HacTpoeHHio. ripe)KAe Bcero cxie-
flyeT OTMeTHTb, 4TO — eCJlH He npHHHMaTb BO BHHMaHHe KOpOTKHX HMHTanHH B BepXHHX POilOCaX, --- OHa MO>KeT C4HTaTbCH
n osTH T O M O ( j ) O H H O H . Hh5khhH tojioc orpaHH4HBaerca HCKJiiOHHTCJibHO HcnojiHeHHeM 6aca h pa3Jio5KeHHbix rapivjOHHw;
b KanecTBe «TeMaTMHecKoro» mojkho b KpaiweM c n y 4ae paccMaTpHBaTb ero octhnaTHwh p h t m . KpoMe Toro, coBepuieHHO
hcho bhaho, mto 3Ta HHBeHUHA He o6Hapy)KHBaeT HHKaKHX npM3HaKOB 4>yf n; CKopee Bcero OHa HanoMHHaeT Ay3T ana AByx
JKeHCKHX TOJIOCOB HJIH — B03M05KH0 — HaCTb TpHO-COHaTbl A-HS CKpHnKH H BMOJIbl A ’aM yp B COnpOBOJKACHHH JllOTHH HJIH KJia-
BHKopAa. EcTecTBeHHO, mto h npH hchojtHeHHH ee na 4>opTennaHO HyjKHO 6 paTb 3a o 6 pa3eij xapaKTep 3By4aHna KJiaBHKopaa,
a He 4eM 6 ano. HacTpoeHHe ee HAHJTJTH4ecKoe; o t BceH nbecw BeeT nejKHOH HapyiomeK n o33neli.
CxeMa rapMOHHH h (Jjopmw nbecw:
N3.

25
 N B . I4w {})pw b CKoSKax yKa3biBaK>r M e c r o , 3aHHM aeM oe AaHHbiMH ra K ta M H b npeA-noxeHHH.
K B biuienpHBe/ieHHOM c x e M e MHe x o T e n o c b 6 w n p H 0 a B H T b c jie n y io iU H e 3aM enaHHfl:
143 pa3o6paH H bix a o c h x n o p HHBeHunft 3Ta n b eca — n e p s a s , HanwcaHHaH b T p e x n a c T H o f t (fropM e. T e M a hb -
naeTCfl BocbMHTaKTOBbiM npeflnoaceH H eM (A ), K O Top oe n o B TO p aercfl b KOHue (n o 3 A H ee Mbi euue ocraHOBMMcn Ha 3t o m h o a -
p o 6 H e e ). Bee, hto H axoAH Tca MeacAy s t h m h npoBeAeHHflMH (9— 29), npeACTaBjraeT c o 6 o ii M O A y n n p y io m y K ) p a3 p a 6 oT K y (B).
IlepBblji C06CTBeHH0 CHJIbHblft TaKT TeMbi npHXOAHTCR Ha BTOpoft T3KT nbeCbl, nOCJieAHHft 3Ke, 8-ft TaKT npHXOAHTCfl Ha
TOHHKy b 9-m TaKTe. B Hanajie pa3pa6 oTKH HMetorca ABa HeTbipexTaicroBbix npeAJioaceHHa; n ep B o e 3aKaH4HBaeTca b napajuienb-
HOfit TOHaJibHOCTH, a BTOpOe — B TOHaJibHOCTH AOMHHaHTbl. M3 CBeTJIOTO B-dllr (o 6jiaCTb AOMHHaHTbl) Ha npOTJI»ceHHH AB yx
TaKTOB coBepmaeTca nepexoA b cyMpaHHbiii f-m oll ( 06/iacTb cy6AOMHHaHTbi). 3Aecb mw h3xoahm noAo6 Hoe TeMe BocbMH-
TaKTOBoe npeAJioJKeHHe (18— 25), pa3AeneHHoe nojioBHHHoft KaAeHuneft Ha ABe Hac™. K HeMy npH6 aBJiaexcfl eme oaho neTbi-
pexTaKTOBoe npeAJioxceHHe (26— 29), 3aKaHHHBaK>meecs b As-dur (cy6 AOMHHaHTa).
CnenyiouiHfi 3a sthm pa3AeJi hbjihctcji HCKjriOHHTejibHo HHTepecHbiM h xapaicrepHbiM a^h reHHH Baxa pemeHHeM penpH3bi.
TeMa 3Aecb Ha oakh TaKT AJiHHHee, neM b Hanane nbecw. Ho 3 t o t oahh TaKT b B e p x n e M r o j i o c e n p H x o A H T c a
c o B e p m e H H O Ha A p y r o e M e c T O , s e M b c p e a h e m h h h ac h e m r o j i o c a x ! Ha cxeMe bhaho, h to penp«3a
b BepxHeM rojioce HanHHaeTCJt yace H3 3aTaKTa, npeAiuecTByiowero 30-My TaKTy (b TOHaJibHOCTH cy6AOMHHaHTbi!) h c o c to h t
H3 4 + 5 TaicroB (b npoTHBononojKHOCTb 4 + 4 TaicraM b Hanajie nbecw). 3aTo HMHTHpyiouiHft cpeAHnft to jioc, KOTopbift no
oTHoiueHHK) k 6acy cneAyer paccMaTpHBaTb KaK penpH3y TeMbi, BCTynaer JiHiub t a k t o m n o 3 * e, H3 3aTairra k 31-M y
TaKTy. 3 t h o6a rojioca b mcjioahhcckom h rapMOHHnecKOM oTHomeHHHX ABJimoTCs iiohth tohhwm noBTopemieM nepBoro
BOCbMHTaKTOBoro npeAJioaceHHH, c Toft He6ojibuiott pa3HHaefi, h to 3Aecb cpeAHHft tojioc HcnoJW«eT Ha OKTaay HHace (b anbro-
bom perncrpe) r y ace caMyio mcjioahio, h to h BepxHH# tojioc b Hanajie nbecbi. OAHOTaicTOBbiii cabht MeacAy ronocaMH AeJiaexcfl
HaniflAHbiM b cxeMe TaKace SjiaroAapa TOMy, h to 3Aecb, b nocneAHeii nacTH, xaKTOBbie HepTbi He cocahhhiot o6a h o th h x craHa.
Bee BbiuiecKa3aHHoe M o a m o H a n 6 o jiee c a c a ro , HarjiarAHO noacHHTb c jieA y io m H M 0 6p a3 O M :

H o T H b ie t o j io b k h noKa3biBaK>T TOJibKO 3 aK pen jiseM b ie KaAaHcaMH, o c h o b h w e t o h m o TA ejib H b ix TOHaJibHocre#, KaK Baac-

H etfw H e ocraHOBKH M y3b iK an bH oro pa3BHTHfl; o h h , ecrecTBeHHO, He M o r y T noK a3aTb n y r b , npojioaceHHbcfi M eacAy h h m h .
H to ace KacaeTca KpacwBoro HcnojiHeHHa n b e c w , t o 3Aecb, KpoMe Heo6xoAHMocTH — KaK h b Apyrax HKBemguix — ocho-
BaTCJibHo npouiTyAnpoBaTb b H an ajie My3biKajibHyjo cxeMy, Tpe6yeTca e m e b bi y h h t b caMo npoH3BeAeHHe 6 e 3 b c j i k h x
yKpanieHHit. Tojibko TorAa, KOTAa Mbi b AocraTOHHoft CTeneHH nonyBCTByeM roJiocoBeAeHHe h K p a co T y nponopujifi:
npoH3BeAeHHfl h cM oaceM bhmtho hx n ep eA aT b , — TOJibKO b 3tom cn y n a e M oacHo n ep exo A H T b k H cnojiHeHHio 6oraTefiuiefi o p H a -
MeHTHKH — b cooTBeTcrBHH c pacuiH^poBKOfl, npHBeAeHHo# Ha BepxHeft CHCTeMe. YKpaineHHA, ecTecrBeHHo, AOJiacHbi Hcnoji-
HHTbCH aKTHBHblMH naJIbUaMH, HO BCe BpeMH neByHHM 3ByK0M, npH nOCTOHHHO CnOKOltHbIX H rH6KHX ABHaceHHJIX pyKH (nOA
«neByHHM» 3ByKOM Mbi noApa3yMeBaeM He/, a p can ta bile). B OTHOiiieHHH pa3Hoo6pa3Hbix, cnoacHbix phtmob cneAyeT pyKO-
BOACTBOBaTbCfl CJieAyKJIUHM OCHOBHblM npHHU,HHOM: pHTMHHeCKHe <J)OpMyAbI AOAaCHbl HCIIOJIHflTbCH TOHHO, HO He CyXO-neAaH-
thhho, a th6ko. nepBOHanajibHo 6wjto 6bi HanSojiee uentecoo6pa3HbiM MbiCJiHTb mcjikhmh eAHHHyaMH M erp a — mecTHaAUa-
TbiMH h TpH AuaTbBTopbiM H — a o Tex n o p , noKa Mbi He 6 yA e M b coctohhhh BocnpHHHMaTb 3ByKOBbie r p y n n w 6oJiee K p y ir a o r o
MacuiTaSa. TaKHM nyTeM Mbi cM oaceM KOHTpojinpoBaTb npaBHJibHocTb HcnoAHeHHs, xax, HanpHMep, b 4-m TaKTe:

26
 B KanecTBe x o p o m e r o M eTO Aa peKOM eHAyeTcn n oAoS H bre cnoacHbie p h tm m , c o c T o m im e H3 m cjtk h x A H H TenbH ocTe^, n p e A -
crEB jiATb ce6e b 6ojiee KpynHbix AJiHTenbHOCTnx, H anpH M ep b HeTbipexKpaTHOM yBenHHeHHH: b m c c to m ecTAecnTH eTB epTbix —
m ecT H aflu a Tb ie, b m c c to t p h AU aTbB Topbix — s o c b M b ie m t . a .

3 t o t M eTOA «B J i«e T c a nojiH O ft n p O T H B on on oa cH ocrbio TOM y, x o T o p b ift m u yace BHflejiH B biuie b cacaToft c x e M e <£opMbi, x o r a a
bo hmh 6onee jierKoft o63opnocTH neTbipe xarra 3aMeHfln«Cb oahhm 3ByKOM AJiHTejibHOCTbK) b neTbipe neTBepTH. (TaKoft npo-
necc npH pa3yMHBaHHH yKpaiueHMft HanoMHHaeT npHMeHeHHe nynbi, BHeuiHee ace ynpomeHHe b cxeMe — B3rnnA « c nraHbero
n o n e ia ».)
Eme HecKOJibxo c jio b o cfjopmnarax: Mbi bhahm, h t o Eax eme He AenaeT HHKamro pa3JiiwHfl b HarracaHHH a o jith x h k o p o t -
khx (jjopuuiaroB. (XlepeHepKHyTan HOTa nonBnneTcn tojim co b nocneSaxoBCKyio 3noxy Ana o6o3HaHeHHn Koponcoro 4>opinnara.)
3Aecb n xony TOJibKO HanoMHHTb 06 HCnojmeHHH Tex a o h th x (j)0 pmnar0B, KOTOpbie paccMaxpHBaiOT <l>. 3 . Bax h KBaim b
cbohx nacro AHTwpyeMbix TpyAax h KOTOpbie BcrpenaiOTca b hhbchahh Es-dur Ha nepBoit, CHJibHO# neTBepTH noHTH KaacAoro
Taicra. To ecTb, ecjiH KaKO0-TO 3ByK CB«3MBaeTCJi jihfom c ApyrHM 3ByKOM Toft ace bm cotm , h o 6onee KopoxKoft A-nHTejibHOCTH,
HanpHMep:

t o AOJBTHtt (^ o p m u a r n o r a o m a e T CTOHMOCTb n ep B O ro, 6 o n e e A m m H o r o 3Byxa (b Ham eM c n y n a e HeTBepTb), a e r o p a 3p e m e H « e —

AJiHTenbHocTb c jih to B a H Horo c hh m S o jie e KcpOTKoro 3ByKa.’(H H oe n o jio a c e im e Ha6n*OAaexc» b TaKTax 7 h 36, rAe o c h o b h o S
3ByK, H ax o A H m n ftca Ha nepBOft HeTBepxH, H e yAJiHHeH; b 3 to m cnynae h 4>opm n ar He M oscex, p a3 yM eeT ca, 6biTb n ojiH O ft
HeTBepTbK>, x o x n o h Bee paBH o nonynaeT 3HaHHxenbHo S on b m yio A^nxeji bHOCTb, neM caM raaBH M ® 3ByK!) BnponeM, b BepxH eM
ronoce TaKTOB 22 h 23 mm HaftAeM p a c m h po b k y s t h x a o j i t h x (fcopmnaroB, BHnHcaHHyw c a m h m
B a x o m ; H M eK >m n ec« 3Aecb j i h i h Taicxce npH H aAneacax aBTopy.
51 AOJiaceH eme KpaxKo ynoMnHyxb o nyHKXHpHOM pHTMe rpynn Z J . B cTapHHHOfi My3biKe, b cTHJie «OpaHny3CK0ft
yBepTiopbP> JIkhijih (HanpHMep, npeniOAHfl g-m oll «X o p o m o TeMnepHpoBaHHoro KJiaBHpa», t . II), nyHKTHpHan Hora BbiAep-
acHBanacb 3HanHxenbHo Aonbine, neM 3to npeAnHCbiBanocb ee AnnxenbHocxbio, TaK h to phtm f* _ f , ocoSeHHo b MeAJieHHbix
nacrax, np0H3B0AHJi BnenaxjieHHe noHTH ABOfinoro nyincxHpHoro puTMa. B cootbctctbh h c sthm b BbnneyxasaHHolt phtmh-
necKoft <|)opMyne 3aKJiK)HHTejiBHbifi 3ByK 00 npHXOAHTca Ha TperbK) mecTHaAAaTyio rpynnbi, h S j i a r o A a p n n y H K T H -
p O B a H H W 3 T O f t T p e T b e f t m e c T H a A U a T O f t nocneAHHa mecTHaA^aTaH npeBpamaeTca b TpHAUaTbBTopyio, hto
MoacHO yBHAeTb h b pacm H ^pO B K e, npHBeAeHHOft Ha BepxHeft cncreMe.
' HyacHo xopom o OTJinnaTb yKpameHHH L^w TarroB 12 h 23 o t 6onee nacTO BCTpenaiomHXCH opHaMeHTos Cmv IlepBbitt
H3 hhx npeACTasjiaex co6ofl Tpejib, HanHHaiomyiocH c 3aAepacaHHoro BepxHero BcnoMorarejibHoro 3ByKa, BTOpofi — Tpejib,
HaHHHaiomyioca Herbipex3ByKOBOfi rpynnow — 9*
Oco6eHHO noyHHTeJibHoft HBnaercfl pacmw^jpoBKa MopAeHTOB Ha nepsoii h Tpexbett neTBepTJix 13-ro TaKTa. B o6ohx
cjiynaax c2 sBjiaeTca ochobhmm 3ByK0M, ho ecjiH b nepBbift pa3 b KanecrBe BcnoMoraTejibHoro 3Byxa 6epexca hl, t o bo BTopoft
pa3 — b1. 3 t o np0HCX0AHT Ha tom 0CH0BaHHH, h to b AaHHOM CTHJie BcnoMoraTejibHbift 3ByK BcerAa ABnaeTCfl coceAHHM AHaTO-
HHnecKHM 3ByK0M b cooTBeTCTByiomett TOHanbHocTH. IlepBoe c2— TOHHKa c-moll, BTOpoe ace BeAex b B-dur h n03T0My 3Aecb
HyacHo HrpaTb b1.
B HeKoxopbix cfapHHHbix pyKonncHbix KonHflx b nocneAHeM TaKTe BCTpenaeTCH yKpameHHe, npHBeAeHrioe b a), pacum#-
poBKa KOTOporo AaeTCfl b b):

XoTfl 3t o y K p a m e H H e H e npH H aA JieacH T c a M O M y Baxy, mm B ce -x a K H M o a c eM H c n o jiH H T b n ocJ ieA H H fif a K K o p A H M eHHO T a K H M o 6 p a -

3 0 m , n o r o M y h t o n o A 0 6 H0 e H cn oJiH eH H e aB Jia Jiocb b CBoe sp eM s nacrro n p H M e H a e M o ft 3a K J iioH H T eJ ib H o ii ^ o p M y j i o fi ; h, nocne
M H o ro H H c n e H H b ix y K p a m e H H ft, B c r p e T H B m H x c a b 3T o i i n b e c e , q c o 6 c h h o x o p o m o h o a x o a h t A n n e e OKOHHaHHa. .
I I p e A J i a r a e M o e H c n o n H e H H e : Teneramente, J = 50, p, dolce cantabile, MecraMH c AHHaMHnecKHMH Hapacra-
hhjimh a o m f h C 0 B e p m e H H 0 h c 3 H 2 h e t s j i l h u m h 3aMeAneHH«MH Ha rpansx neTbipex- h BOCbMHTaKTOBbix pa3-
AenoB, b hoapoSho, pa3o6paHHbix Bbime TaKTax 29— 30 c 66ni>mnM ritenuto. KoHeu nbecbi cneAyeT HrpaTb calando. Pa3no-
aceHHbie aKKopAM neBofl pyKH MoacHO HrpaTb portato (c Heoonbmoft neAanH3anHetf); AHaTOHHHecxHe h KaAaHCHpyiomHe mecr-
HaAaaTbie ( b KOHne npeAAo>KeHHfi) — CKopee legato.

27
 6
(E-dur)
PaccMOTpHM BHanane cxeMy npoH3BeaeHHfl. (HanHHan c 18-ro xaicxa m ojkho 6yflex, BepoaxHo, orpaHHHHXbCJi Kpaxxoi
rapMOHHsecKoii cxeMoft 6e3 ynexa xeMaxiwecKHx cooxHomeHHfi. Cm. exp. 28— 29 ■)
ripn 3HaHKax NB b 11-m h 12-m Taxxax rojiocoBeaeHHe b cxeMe He Momo xohho cneflOBaxb 3a rojiocoBefleHHeM caMO$
hhbchuhh: noABH)KHbiii, HrpHBbiil xapaxxep {JjnrypautHll b ntece cnoco5cxByeT 6onee cB060AH0My o6pameHHio co 3ByicaMH,
neM b rapMOHH4ecKO]ft cxeMe, r^e flBHweHHe tojiocob aojdkho 6bixb 6oJiee CTporHM. 1

11 °h © -* — ® | # I © | ^ ( ra V, ■« i„ V,
\ A iV , i\ , /V t . . . . . f
, SfpJ D T, ,S D T (S) D

® (J.A)
■ ■ -— — — 1

? ~ -T -r = T ^ f ' " —

^ 0— _— ^— . ,_.^al . . -- s>--------------- 1---------

28
 Baacno, MTo6bi nepBoe h 1 BToporo TaKTa 6bi.no cbirpaHo KaK CBeacee BCTynneHHe h o b o t o ronoca, a He Ka3anocb 6m
npoAonaceHHeM a 1 npeAbiAymero TaKTa! 3 t o a1 Moacer paccMarpwBaTbca h jih KaK k b h h t 3 VII; mjih KaK cenTHMa V7; b jie o 6 o m
CJiynae b c c t k ero HyacHo b gis' cpeAHero rojioca.
Hosbifi m o th b , HaHHHatotUHHCji b 11-m TaKTe, n o eymecTBy HBnaeTca AanbHefimHM pa3BHTneM 3 aK m oH H TejibH oro MOTHBa
TeMbi:

H Z

IT

3 t h TpHOJibHbie 4>HrypauHH, CKaTbiBaiomnecH bhh3 Ha npoTaaceHHH iih th TaKTOB, mojkho paccMaTpHBaTb raK, kek 6yAT0
ohh Ha BCeM npOTflaceHMH HcnoxiH«K)TC« o a h h m h T e M % e tojiocom (HeCMOTpa Ha orxiejibHbie BbiAep;*aHHbie 3syKH).
B nepBbix AByx TaKTax Ohh pacnpej3.eneHbi MeacAy BepxHHM h cpeAHHM ronoca mh, b cneAyioiJUHX Tpex TaKTax caM Bax npeAO-
CTaBJiaeT flajibHettuiee pa3BHTHe 3thx m oth bob OAHOMy-eAHh ctb ch HOMy ronocy. 3acnyacHBafOT BHHMaHHH h hcho BHA»bre « a
cxeMe repuoBbie xoabt, cnycK icoTopbix b sthx TaKTax nonTH b Anana30He Tpex OKTaB o t e'1 a o Fis HBnaeT c o 6 o h npMMep
coBepmeHCTBa c to h k h speHna rapMOHHnecKOM h 4>yHKiyioHaJibHoii noruKH (cm. aHajiM3, npHBeAeHHbifi noA cooTBeTCTByio-
iuhmh TaKTaMH cxeMbt!). B sthx Tepuoebix xoAax Ha cHJibHwe, 6oiiee AJiHHHbie aojih npHxoAHTca TepuoBbie 3ByKH cooTBeT-
CTBytoutHx rapMOHMft, Ha cna6bte, KopoTKHe aojih (J.) — hx ocHOBHbie TOHa.
OSpameHne TeMbi BnepBbie 3BynHT b 17-m TaKTe; no3AHee Mbi BCTpenaeMCfl c hhm eme HecKOJibKO pa3 (HanpHMep, b TaKTax
23— 26). B TaKTax 35 h 37 TeMa h ee o6pameHHe noaBJiaioTca Aaace oaHOBpeMeHho, k3k 6bi b 3epKanbHOM o6pameHHH! 3 t o
AB/ieHMe aojiw:ho paccMaTpnBaTbca He TOJibKO KaK KOHTpanyhkthnecKaa ocoSeHHocTb nbecbi, a CKopee KaK Bbiciuaa KOHuteHTpa-
[THH Bbipa3HTeJlbHOCTH H COAepacaHHfl.
YKpauieHHe a 18-m TaKTe aojijkho HcnojiHaTbca cjieAyiomHM 06pa30M:

/ ¥ <T O =
J r r f ^

TaKT 38 nepBOHanajibHO, b «KnaBMpHofi khhjkchkov, hmcji cneAyiomHif bjha:

O T C io A a ace b h a h o , KaK HyacHo npaBH/ibno 4)pa3npc>BaTb 3 t o M e c r o ; Aaace b BapnaHTe, c o c ro n iu e M h i uieCTHaAUiaTbix,

AonacHa SbiTb M ajieH bxaa « m o $ T n a y 3 a » nepeA KaacAOH c/iHroBaHHoii BocbMon.
E y 3 o h h yAaiHO yKa3biBaeT Ha to , hto hh/Khhh ro/ioc npeAnocneAHero Taicra TaHT b ce6e c/ieAytomHe mothbhwc coot-
HouieHHfl:

29
B 3 to m 3aKJiioMaeTCH eme oA H a npHHHHa T o r o , h to 6 m , n cn o jiH a a 3 t h TaKTbi a lla r g a n d o , ‘ BbiaBHTb bck> hx 3 HaHHTejibHocTb
flo-nrne (fropuiJiarH 34-ro h nocjieAHero t s k t o b ao jtjk h m h c h o jih aTbca cnejiyiomHM o6pa30M:

a) ■b)

34
fs p s r m

I l p ^ f l J i a r a e M o e H c n o j i H e H w e : Allegretto sereno, J. = 96— 100 (H36eraTb nepecnyp nocnemHoro Tewna!).

BocbMbie HrpaTb poco legato.(b TaKTax 11— 15 — leggiero), 6ojiee AJiHHHbie 3ByKH — legato. 0 6 man AHHaMHKa — mp, b TaKTax
30— 34 MOJKHO flOBeCTH 3ByHH0CTb AO / .

(e -m o ll)
A: T a K T M 1— 13

B: TaKTbi 14— 36
C : Ta K Tb f 37— 44

TTpoM3BeAeHne HanwcaHo no o6pa3uy 4>yrH, ho yate 3Kcno3Huna AeMOHCTpwpyeT o a h o HHTepecHoe OTKJTOHeHHe o t npaBHJi:
TpeTbe npoBeAeHHe TeMbi K a ? K e T c a BCTynaiowHM b TOHa/ibHOCTH no6o«iHoR AOMHHaHTbl (fis -m o ll). OAHaKO noaBj:aio-
wneca BCKOpe 3ByKM g, f * h c!, a raK)Ke TepuoBbitt m ar (b m ccto nepBOHana/tbHoro ceKyHAOBoro), cJieAyfomnn nocjie 3annro-
saHHoro a2 b Hanane 6-ro TaKTa, BoccraHaBiiHBaioT TOHaJibHOCTb TeMbi:

Ho 3Aecb B03HHKaeT eiue OAHa ne MeHee HHTepecHaa npo6jreM a: cneAyer jih Boo6m e CHHTaTb paccMOTpeHHbie Bbime
ABa Taicra TpeTbHM ripoBeAeHHeM TeMbi b 3Kcno3HUHH? 3 t o t B onpoc o6oCHoeaH He TOJibKO Heo6biwHbiMH TOHajibHbiMH h
HHTepBanbHbiMH cooTHouieHHHMH — BeAb b npoH3BeAeHH«x B axa cym ecTB ywT m HoroM hcJieHh bie npHMepw, b KOTOpbix reHHft
b h x o a h ji 3a paMKH «npaBHJi» h co3AaBan HOBbie 3aKOHbi Ana 6yAyiunx noKOJieHHii. B 6o/ibLueR CTeneHH BJiHaeT to t (J)3kt , mto
TeMa 3Aecb c h o b a n o a B J i a e r c a b B e p x H e M r o j i o c e , He 6yAy*w ao 3 T oro Boo6iue hm pa3y npoBeAeHa b hhjkhcm.
B o t n03T0My a h CHHTaio, mto sth ABa Taicra cneA yer b m o t h b h o m othouichhh paccMaTpHBaTb KaK TeMy, b othouichhw
ace <j) o p m m — KaK HHrepjiK>AHK)! (rioA o6H afl we npo6jieMa B03HHKaer b TaKTax 5— 6 hhbchuhh G-dur, o neM h raKace
em e 6yAy roBOpHTb.) TaKHM o6pa3CM, Ha ocHOBaHHH CKa3aHHoro, TpeTbe npoBeAeHHe TeMbi b 3Kcno3HUHH noaBHTca TOJibKO
n o c j i e 3TOft «HHTepjiiOAHH», b mwcHeM rojioce 7-ro rairra. riocTaHOBKa 3Toro sonpoca BaxcHa, noTOMy hto h Ha me ncnon-
HeHHe 6yAeT pa3JIHHHbIM B 3aBHCHM0CTH OT TOTO, CMKTaeM JIH Mbi 5— 6~fl TaKTbi TeMOft HJIH HHTepjIK>AHett.
CrpyKTypa TaKTOB 7— 13 caeAyioiuaa: 3 + 4 . Ha stom 3aKaHHHBaeTca nepBaa Macrb hhbchuhh (A). Bojiee KpynHaa BTopaa
MacTt (B) pacsjieHaeTca Ha ABa pa3Aejia noMTH 0AHHaK0B0ft BenHHHHbi: 11 + 1 2 TaKTOB. KoHTpanyHKTHpyiomnfi mothb, cocToa-
whh H3 mecTHaAuaTbix, MoaceT paccM arp H B aTb ca KaK o6paiueHHe Hanajia TeMbi' b yMeHbmeHHH (a), b ero KOHTypax npocBe-
MHBaeT B T o p a a noJioBHHa TeMbi ( b ) :

Bo B T o p o fi HacTH B H3 nepBbix MeTbipex raKTOB ABa a s jia io T c a t e m o b cpeAHeM r o jio c e h c jreA yioiU H e ABa — o t b e -
t o m b BepxHeM r o jio c e . fla jib H e fiu ie e npoBeAeHHe TeM bi b 5-m TaKTe (b cpeAH eM r o jio c e ) H e n o j i H o e , Mbi cnbim H M TOJibKO
BOCxoAamee HaMajio TeMbi, HHcnaAaiomee npoAOJiweHHe ee O T cyT crB yer. TaKHM 0 6 p a3 0 M , 5-w TaKT He HMeeT c e 6 e napHoro,
3a hhm c jie A y e T He 6-ft, a t a hk e a m ft 1 -h ! C o 3 A a e T c a K a w y iu e ec a n poT H B open n e M ew A y 3thm yTBepacAeHHeM h TeM , mto KaK
p a3 b 3tom TaKTe (18), n o Bceft bhahmocth, HaMHHaeTca HAymaa Ha npoTaaceHHH n a rw raKTOB noTakTHaa HMHTauna b BepxHeM
h cpeAH eM rojiocax. ifoyneHHe 6 aca, OAHaKO, A a c r HaM npaBHJibHwii o tb c t:

30
 (5.!)

Ecjik nocne sxoro mm AeftcxBHxenbHO CMOaceM n o i y B C T B O s a T b aaHHbifi xaKX KaK nnxbift, HenapHbift, xorAa h npn
McnonHeHHH c n e A y e x noKa3axb sxy TOHKyro acHMMexpHio HeSonbmuM 3aMeAneHneM ( ) h 3areM peuiHTeJibHMM he-
naJioM 19-ro TaKTa.
Bxopan nonoBHHa B (25— 36) coctoht H3 acHo pa3JiHHHMbix 6 x 2 TaKTOB. Ho b BocnpHjrniH, tbk ace KaK h b HcnonHeHHH,
cjneflyer aejiaTb pasjiHHMe MeacAy nepBbiM h btopmm uiecTHTEKTaMw. A hmchho, nepBbie rnecTb TaKTOB coAepacaT *fph BCTyiuie-
HHA TeMbi (Asa b D-dur h o&ho b h-moll), cjieAyromne uiecrb tsk tob o6pa3yK>T M O ^ y n H p y w m y io c e k b e hi|h io,
xoTfl MenoflHH, noflBJiflfomancn b cpeAHeM h coOTBeTCTBeHHO b HHacHeM rojioce, b m o t h b h o m othoiuchmk nojinocxbio
cooTBeTCTByeT Tpe6oBaHn«M «reM b)». TaKHM 06pa30M, 3accl> CHTyauns noaoSHa Toft, K0T0pyio mm npoaHanjipHpoBanH na
npHMepe 5— 6-ro tektob: mothb caM no ce6e, paccMaTpHBaeMMft H30JiHp0BaHH0, MoaceT Ka3aTbca tcmoK, ho b CHJiy caoeft
Sojibiueft cuenjieHHOCTH h tom pojw , Koropyio oh HrpaeT b u, e ji o m, CKopee AonaceH 6biTb BocnpHHAT KaK hHTepjikjahh hjih
nepexoA. JXna Toro, hto6m cyMeTb oueHHTb, HacKonbKo BaacHo Ana Hac hcho BHAeTb sto T0HK0e pa3JiHHHe, AOCxaxo*iHo no-
ayMaTb o tom, KaK 6bi mm CTajiH ncnonHaxb TaKTbi 25— 36, ecjiH 6bi 3axoxenn hx HrpaTb KaK uiecrb OAHHaKOBO 3HaHHTejibHbix
npoBeAeHHft TeMbi hjih ace tohwco KaK TpH npoBeAeHHa tcmm h OAHy MOAynHpyK>myK> x e M a T H H e c j c y i o p a 3 p a 6 o T -
k y, 3aHHMaioiHyK> Tp« AByTaKTa. 3 t o pa3JiHHHe c o c to h t BOBce He b xom, htoSm HrpaTb TeMy rpoMHe, a Bee oerajibHoe
THine. TaK, HanpHMep, b nameM CJiynae 6ojibine nOAoiiAeT k HacTpoemno h (JjopMe npoH3BejteHHfl, earn mm 6yaeM HrpaTb
TeMy, TpnacAM nosiBJiJHomyiocjj b xaKxax 25— 30. — p dolce, a 6onee CHJibHbie AMHaMMHecKne rpaAauHH, — Koxopbie a cHHxaro
3flecb AeftcxBHTenbHO yMecTHbiMH, — 6yaeM npHMeHATb TOJibKO TorAa, KorAa rocnoACTBOBaBiuee a o s t o t o cra&KJibHoe xo-
HajibHoe omymeHHe D-dur —- h-moll 6yAer noKOJieSneHo, h c npaMoro nyxn h-moll —- a-moll — g-moil BHe3anHO np0H30iiAex
oopaTHbiif noBopoT b e-m oll (nocpeACXBOM SHrapMOHHHeCKoro nepeocMbicneHHa esi 35-ro xaKxa b dis1 cneAyiomero xaxxa).
TaKHM 06pa30M, Hyacno 6yAeT HrpaTb MOAyn Hpy lornne TaKTM (31— 35) crescendo, hcxoashuhm H3 p , TorAa KaK HeoacHAaHHMft
noBopoT b nocneAHeM, 36-m xaKxe Moacex 6bixb noKa3an diminuendo h HefSonbiiiHM 3aMeAneHHeM.
B C xeMa npoeoAHTcn Bcero oahh-cahHcxBeHhbiii pa3, ho nocne AnnxejibHoro paccMOXpeHHa MoacHO o6napyacHXb cneflyio-
mne xeMaxH^ecKwe cooTHomeHHa b TaKTax 39— 44:

rionpo6yeM b 3-m xaKre npHMeHHXb b neBoft pyKe annnHKaxypy: 5— 4— 3— 5 npH CJienca noBepHyxoii Hapyacy khcxh
(hjih — h to t o ace caMoe — Aepaca JiOKOXb HecKOJibKO BHyxpb), AHHHHNe nanbijM AOJiacHbi nepecTynaxb nepe3 K0p0XKHe!
3 T a anmiHKaxypa 3Aecb 6e3ycjioBHo yAo6Hee, x o th h Menee o6biHHa, neM Apyraa. KpoM e xoro, ona xopom o 3ByiHT h — KaK
yace ynoMHHajiocb (2-ft T a rr hhbchhhh c-m oll) — cooTBeTcxByer cthjho. IIpaBAa, OHa Moacex cnoco5crBOBaxb h HeKOXOpOMy
nepeAepacHBaHHio f i s 1 b cpeAHeM rojioce, ho, pa3yMeexca, sxofi B03MoacHocxbio He cneAyeT 3JioynoTpe6naxb.
B npaBOft pyKe aniuiHKaTypa | b 4 -m TaKTe He AOJiacHa 3aMeHarbca npocroft anruiHKaxypoit *. riajibUM | (c 6oJibuiHM
nanbueM, noAKJiaAMBaeMbiM noA 2-fi) neacax 3AeCb 0C06eHH0 xopom o h cnoco6krrByiox BbiAeneHHio xeMaxHiecxoro ronoca.
3Aecb Aaexca hcckojibko ynpaacHeHHil Ha TepuHH k 3xoMy Mecxy:

(n p H pa3y4HBaHHH sxhx ynpaacHeHHfi HyacHo oahh to jio c HrpaTb cantabile, Apyrofi b s to bpcma x h iu c — h xaK nonepe-
MeHHO!)
K a K Mbi y a c e bpa&xh, x e M a nonBJiaexca b 2 5 -m h 2 7 -m x a K x a x o 6 a p a 3 a b BepxHeM h s a r e M b H H acneM rojioce. BM3MBaex
H 3yM JieH H e xa ecxecxBeHHocxb, c K o x o p o f i Bax 3acxaBjiaex K O H x p a n y H K x n p o B a x b T e M e moxhb H3 m e c x H a A U a x b ix — K aK b ero
BocxoAameM, x a K h b HHexoAauteM BHAe. Jljia. Sonee nerKoro cpaBHeHna h B b in H C b m a io xeMy b cepeAHHe, a H a A Heft h n o A nefi —
o6a K O H T p a n y H K x a b y n p o m e H H O M B H A e :

31
 r i p H M e n a H H e . TeMa, 3anHcaHHa# Ha cpezmeM hothom craHe, 3By4HT b nt>ece (b 25-m h 27-m TaxTax) Ha oKTaBy
BMiue h , c00TBeTCTBeHH0, HHace. 3flecb a BbinHcan ee Taic c uejibto 6ojiee KOHueHTpHpoBaHHoro h Harnn^Horo H3o6paaceHwa.
Mbi M oaceM 3,z*ecb yBH fleTb, m to b t o BpeM a x a x KHCxoflaiUHft KOHTpanyHKT HtfeT b nporaBonoJioacH O M flBHaceHHH k HaMany
TeM bi h b napan n ejibH O M — k e e npo/iojiaceHHro, B o c x o a a u u rii KOHTpanyHKT Be^eT c e 6 a n poTH BonojioacH biM 0 6 p a 3 0 M : BM ecTe
c HaManoM xeM b i flBHaceTca n apan jiejibH biM H cexcTaM H , a c e e n poaojiaceH H eM p a c x o flH T c a b p a3 Hbix HanpaBneiW HX. (C n e a y e T
T B ep flo ycraHOBHTb BOTpeM awm neca cnyMaw n p o T H B o n o jio a cH o ro t l BwaceHHa TeM bi h KOHTpanyHKTa, a Taxace H H TepsanbH bie
COOTHOIUeHHa H 3aKOHOMepHOCTH SBHWyimiXCH BO B3aHMHO npOTHBOnOJIOHCHbIX HanpaBJieHMflX 0 6 0 HX pa3J!HMHbIX KOHTpa-
nyHKTOB!)
I l p e f l J i a r a e M o e H c n o J i H e H H e : Sostenuto, J = 58; AHHaMHKa — p , b o BTopoft noJioBHHe BTopoft MacTH h b
TaicTax 41— 42 3ByHKOCTb noflHMMaerca flo f 3ByKOBaa oxpacxa nepBbix 13 t 3 ktob AOJiacna HanoMHHaTb Tpwo AepeBJWHbix
^yxoBbix ((JmeRTa, ro6oft h oboe da caccia hjih HHoe noxoacee coMeTaHne. Cm., HanpHMep, «C T p acra no MaT<J>eio», 58 —
HHcrpyMeHTajibHoe BCTynjieHHe k apHH conpano a-m oll; b KOHue stoto BCTynjieHHa HMeeTca mothb uiecTHanuaTbiMH, cxo^Hbift
c m othbom HacToameft hhbchuhh). B 14-m TaKTe xax 6w BCTynaioT CTpyHHbie — 3ByKOH3Bjie4eHHe MoaceT CTaTb eme Sonee
neByMHM m jihphmhwm , oAHaxo rpaHnubi mp noxa eme He flOJiacHbi nepecrynaTbca.

(F -d u r )

BTopaa nouoBKHa OAHOTaKTOBOH TeMbi aBJiaeTca, co6cTBeHH0 roBopa, BapbnpoBaHHbiM nosTopeHHeM nepBoft nojiOBHHbt,
Ha mto yxa3biBaeT h T. Kennep*:

OcHOBHoft bha TeMbi TOJibKO ABaacabi npeTepneBaeT He6oJibtune MomHjmxauHH: b aomhh3htobom o t b c t c 2 - t o TaKTa h bo
BTopoii HOJiOBHHe 12-ro TaKTa; b o6ohx cjiynaax BHaiajie b m c c t o TepuoBoro mara 3By*iHT cexyHAOBbiR. 3a HCKJUOMenHeM
AByxrojiocHoro KaHOHa b TaKTax 7 — 10,‘ noMTH bo Bcex npoBejieHHax TeMbi ee conpoBoac^aeT CHHKonHpoBaHHbiw m o t h b (a),
KOTopbiii HaxoAHTca no OTHOiueHHK) k Hett b HHTepBane HHa<Hett ceKOTbi hjih, c o o t b c t c t b c h h o , Bepxneit tcpuhh. 3 t o t m o t h b
(npoTHBQCJiojKeHHe) noaBJiaeTca HHorqa b H3MeHenhOM BH^e (b ):

* Mmcctch b BH«y KHHra: Herman Keller. Die Klavierwerke Bachs. Peters, Leipzig, 1950, CTp. 120. (JJpuM . nepeeodnm d).

32
Ilbeca c o c to h t H3 Tpex nacreM iiohth 0AHHaK0 B0tt BenHHHHbi. riepBaa 3aKaHhhBaeTca b cepeAHHe 7-ro Tarra tiojihwm KaAaH-
com na AOMHHaHTe, BTOpasr — b cepeAHHe 15-ro TaKTa, b napannenbHoft TOHajibHOCTH. MHTepecHO, hto TaKTOBaa nepTa — 3a
HCKJiK)HeHHeM nepBbix h nocne ah hx Tpex TaKTOB — (fraKTHnecKH Bee BpeMa CABHHyra Ha nonraicra no othoiuchhio k hothoh
3anncH. KaK pa3 nocne 3kcdo3huhh, 3aHHMaK>meft Tpn TaKTa, cneAyeT HrpHBaa HMHTauHOHHaa HHTepntoAns, cocroam aa H3
nonyropa TaKTOB, — h s to CMemeHHe coxpaHaerca o t cepeAHHbi 5-ro TaKTa Bnnort a o cepeAHHbi 19-ro TaKTa. 3Aecb CHoaa
noaBnaeTca nojiyTopaTaKTOBaa HHTepniOAHa, toh h o cooTBercTByioinaa nepBoft (ecnn He CHHTaTb nepecraHOBKH tojiocob).
IToAoGHast ace MHTepniOAHH, bcahhhhoK b 2x1 TaKTa, npoxoAHT o t cepeAHHbi 15-ro Tafcra a o cepeAHHbi 17-ro TaKTa.
xoTen 6bi eme o6parnTb BHHMaHHe Ha cneAyJomee:
npOBeAeHH« TeMbi cneAyior oaho 3a ApyrHM, HanHHaa c 5-ro TaKTa, 6ecnpepwBH0, He MeHee acbhtm pa3, t o b oahom,
t o b ApyroM, t o b TpeTbeiw ronoce — nocTOflHHO o t cepeAHHbi oa h o to TaKTa a o cepeAHHbi A p y ro ro . 3 t h AeBHTb npOBeAeHHH
o6HapyacHBaioT 6onbuioe pa3H006pa3He b TOHanbHOM oTHoiueHHH, b cMbicne nonn^oHHHecKOH TparroBKH, b tom nono^ceHHM,
KOTOpoe ohh 3aHHMaiOT b (jiopMe, — h bo mhothx ApyrHx 0TH0uieHHHx. 3 r a H3MeHHHBocTb npoaBnaeTca c caMoro Hanajia
b tom, h to rpH nepBbix BCTynjieHHH TeMbi — M3 AeBATH— oKa3biBaioTCH b 0AH0ft TOHanbHOCTH — C-dur. H o nepBOe H3 HHX
npoxoAHT b 6acy (c saKntoneHHeM V 2 — Ilt), Bropoe — b cpeAHeM rojioce (c okohh3hhcm C: V s_ 7 — I), 3TOMy npoBeAeHHio no-
pyneHa npoxoAamaa cenTHMa h Tepuna tohhkm h oho 3aBepuiaeT nepByio nacrb npoH3BeAeHHa; Tperbe no nopaAKy Bcryn-
AeHHe TeMbi b C-dur noaBnaerca b BepxHeM ronoce m OTKpbiBaeT BTOpyio nacTb. HanMHaa OTCtOAa, TeMa Ha npOTaaceHHH Tpex
TaKTOB Bee BpeMa HcnonnaeTCfl BepXHHM rojiocoM, hmhchmK ronoc BeAeT KaHOH b k b m h ty c ono3AaHHeM Ha OAHy neTBepTb
m nepexoAHT M3 C-dur nepe? F-dur h d-moll b g-m oll, rue TeMa BcrynaeT b cpeAHeM rojioce, KOTopbiM a o 3Toro naysnpoBan.
n ocn e 3Toro 6ac MHTOHMpyeT TeMy TaK?Ke b g-m oll m cpa3y nocne 3Toro caM jkq ce6e OTBenaeT b d-m oll, np0B0Aa TeMy y ace
b BapnaHTe OTBera. B 3aKJi lone hHe b BepxHeM ronoce npoxoAHT AeBaroe npoBeAenne (raxace b d-moll, h o ywe b ochobhom
BMAe — HanMHaacb c repuoBoro mara), 3a KOTOpbiM cneAyeT HeTeMaTMHeCKoe OAHOTaKTOBoe peuiMTenbHoe 3aKnioHeHHe b
d-m oll, 3aBepmaiomee BTopyro nacrb nbecw. OAHaKo a AonaceH 3aMeTMTb, hto Aaace b 3tom «HeTeMaTHnecKOM» 3aKJnoMMTenb-
hom TaKTe nerKo m o jk h o ycnwuiaTb onpeAeneHHbie TeMaTHnecKHe sneMeHTbi m3 B3aHMOAeHCTBna cpeAHero ronoca m 6aca:

f t - r V i — n ---------t-------

...a r t j

ITo noBOAy TpeTbeH nacTH AOCTaTOHHO 6yAer CKa3aTb, hto nocne BbiuieynoMflHyTofi HHrepnioAHH, laHMMaromeii 2x1
Taicra, TeMa npoBOAnrca ABaacAW 6e3 nepepbiBa b B-dur — TOHanbHOCTH cy6AOMHHaHTbi; BHanane b cpeAHeM rojioce (BepxHHii
tojioc conpoBoacAaer ee napannenbH biM ABH aceH neM b c e K C T y ), a 3 a r e M b B ep x H eM r o n o c e . 3 to n p o B e A e n n e T e M b i H M H T H p y e T c a
b h h w h io k ) KBHHTy b 6acy c ono3AaHHeM Ha OAHy n e T B e p T b . nonyToparaKTO Baa HHTepnioAHa, TaKMce ynoMHHaBiuaaca Bbiuxe,
npHBOAHT oSpaTHO B TOHaJlbHOCTb TOHHKM, 33Kpenn5ieMyIO B nOCneAHMX T p e x T a K T a x .
Ha npoTfKKeHMH Bceft nbecbi M op A eH T H c n o jiH a erc a c n e A y iom H M o 6 p a 3 0 M :

XoTa b pyxonncH 1723 roAa b 3 toh HHBeHUHM MoacHO o6napy>KHTb TOnbKO neTbipe MecTa (b TaKTax 1, 2, 3, 10), ra e 3HaK
/♦v BbicraBneH EaxoM c06cTBeHH0pyHH0, Mbi Bee ace MoaceM CHHTaTb aBTopcKofi h Ty Bepcwo, KOTopaa (jwrypHpyer b nepBOM
H3AaHHH <t>opKena »r cornacno K o r o p o ft a y HyacHo McnonHaTb Ha rperbefi neTBepTH TeMbi npH B c e x ee nposeAeHHax.
I I p e A J i a r a e M o e H c n o J i H e H H e ! Allegretto, J = 76; mf> hHTepak>ahh h KaHOH b TaKTax 7— 10 HanHHaTb
THme, HrpaTb c nocxeneHHbiM crescendo. A Be BocbMbie TeMbi mohcho HrpaTb staccato, lnecTHaAUaTbie — legato.

9
( f - m o l l )

3Ta HHBeHuna Aaace cpeA H ineA eB poB Eaxa 3aHHMaeT HCKjnoHHTejibHoe n o n o a cen n e KaK b oTHoiueHHH rny6M Hbi BbipaaceHHH,
TaK H C TOHKH 3peHHa My3blKaJlbHOft 3aKOHHeHHOCTH. CBOHMH MHTOHaUHaMH OHa pOACTBCHHa npeniOAHH f-moll H3 II TOMa
«Xopomo xeMnepHpoBaHHoro KnaBHpa», a 6one3HeHHo HHcnaAaiomHMH xpoMara3MaMH OHa HanoMHHaer mothb «Weinen,
klagen» («Cne3bi, b 3 a o x h » ).
X o th b OTHomeHHM xapaKTepa h pHTMa e e xpn re M b i h He o S n a A a io r OAHHaxoBoa cTeneHbio Bbipa3HTejibHocTH, ho KaK
no CBoeft TpaKTOBKe^ TaK h n o p o n » b KOHCTpyKUHH npoH3BeAeHHa — n o c x o n b K y Bee TpH yH acTByroT BO Bcex TeMaTnneCKHx
n p o B e A e H H a x ^ ^ O H H M o r y T cHHTaTbca paBHonpaBHbiMH. Ho ecn n , HecMOTpa Ha sto, mh B ee ace o m y m a e M mcjioahio, HaHHHaio-
m y fo c a y p f f >KaK T eM y, a o 6 a ocranbHbix MOTHBa KaK npoTHBocAoaceHHa, t o s to o 6 b a c H a e T c a re M , h to nepBaa M en oA H a
npHBJiejcaeT H au ie BHHMaHHe c p a 3 y ace b H anane n b e c w . X p o M a r a K a HHacnero r o n o c a CKopee asn aeTC a rapMOHHHeCKoft ochobojS,
a A p y r o e npoTH BocnoaceH H e BnepBw e n o a B n a e x ca TO'JibKO b 3-m TaKTe.

33
 X o th teMa m BTOpoe npoTHBocjioaceHHe 3HaHHTeribHO oTJiHMaiOTca flpyr o r .qpyra h MejioflHetf, h phtmom, h xapaicrepo]
Bee m e npH AerajibHOM H3yneHHH o6Hapy»HBaeTCfl, hto MeacAy hhmh hmckdtch cjieflyfoujHe mothbhmc cbh3h, na KOTOpwe i
yxa3b[BanH npeAUiecTByjomwe KOMMeHTaTOpbi:

IlpeacAe MeM ,npncTynwTb k ana.nn3y npon3BeAeHHfl, paccMOTpHM ero My3MKa/ibHyfo cxeMy:

34
 BaacHo ycTaHOBHTb cneAyiomee:
BTCpoe h TpeTbe npoBeAeHna TeMbi CBfl3aHbi MewAy c o 6 o h t h x o h AByxronocHoK hHTepjrkdahen (k ) noAoSHO TOMy, KaK 3 t o
ywe 6biJio b 4-m h h b g h u h k . Ho b 3 t o K nbece Mbi o6napy5KnM eme ABe 6ojree 3HaHHTejibHbie hhtcpjhoahh HHoro poAa (k x h k 2),
KOTOpbie m otjih 6bi 6biTb na3BaHbi Taicwe h 3 n n 3 o a a M n . Ha npoTaaceHHH nbecw KawAaa m hhx noHBJiaeTca no ABa pa3a.
^Jia kj xapaKTepHO cjieAyfomee ABH>Kenne tojiocob:

(TaKTbi 9— 10 h 20— 23),

Ana k 2 — nocTyneHHG- BocxoAamaa, 3aHHMaK>uiaa AsawAU no 1'/» TaKTa ceKBeHuwa (b TaKTax 15— 17 m 28— 30). Ecjih k 3TOMy
eme AoSaBHTb, hto TeMa, KpoMe 3Kcn03nuHtf, eme ABawAbi noaBJiaeTCa b napHbix npOBeAeHHax b nocjieAOBaxe/ibHOCTH « T — D »
(.As— Es b TaKTax 11— 14 h Des—As b TaKTax 24— 27) h tph pa3a b oSuhhom bhac (c b TaKTax 18— 1 9 ;/ b Taicrax 31— 32
h CHOBa f-moll b KOAe), t o m u cmowcm HarnaAHO npeACTaBHTb ce6e cTpoeHHe nbecu cjieAytomtfM 06pa30M:

8 TaKTOB
0
(19 TaKTOB) 3K cn .f — c —(k ) — f „ 3 kC!I.“ A a - E s
8
m
(1 6 TaKTOB)
^
ll
!„3KCn.“ D e s - A s KOAal li

(«3 K c n .»= pa3AeJi, nocrpoeHHbni HanoAoSne 3Kcno3Hunn c HenojiHbiM kojthhcctbom npoBeAeHHit TeMbi b coothouichhh
« T — D »).
3 A e cb c n eA yer ynoM «H yTb o to m , mto HeKOTopwe KOMMenTaTopw cMHTator 4>opMy 3Toft hhbchahh TpexnacTHofi: 1, 3 K cn o-
3HUHH, 1— 8; II, 9— 19; III, 20 — a o Komua. Pa3JiHMHe M eway o6chm h TpaxroBKaMH 3aKJiioHaeTca, TaKHM 06pa30M , TOJibKO
B TOM, CHHTaTb JIH BOCeMb TaKTOB 3KCn03HUHH C a M O C T O S T e J l b H bIM p a 3 A C J ! O M HJIH HCT. H AeftCTBHTCJIbHO,
MOWHO JIH paCCMaTpHBaTb 3TH BOCeMb TaKTOB KaK CaMOCTOHTeJIbHblH pa3ACJI? n o MOeMy y6e>KAeHHfO — HeT. H COBCeM He
noTOMy, mto 3 t o t pa3AeJi OKa3ajica 6bi cjihiiikom kop otkh m , mto6m cymecTBOBaTb caMOMy no ce6e. T eM a hhbchuhh 5 (Es-dur)
T o w e BocbMHTaKTosaa, h — KaK Mbi bhacjih — ee see w e cJienyeT paccMaTpHBaTb KaK caMOCToaTejibHyio nacTb, noTOMy h to
OHa 33KaHHHBaeTCfl HOJIHblM KaAaHCOM,HaCTOJlbKO peiUHTeJlbHblM, HTO T3M OH He TOJibKO n03B0JT«eT, HO H Tpe6yeT C TOHKH
3peHH« n e p c n e K T H B b i B c e r o n p o H 3 B e A e H H a — cHHTaTb ee caMocroaTejibHofi nacTbio. 3Aecb w e ,B hhbchuhh
f - m o ll CHTyauHfl HecKOJibKO HHaa. B paccMaTpHBaeMOM BocbMHTaKTe koHeu c ero rapMOHnnecKoft nocjieAOBaTejibHocrbio
I| — V = — I fi HMeeT cJia6 oe 3aBepmeHHe, 3 a T O b t a k o ft c t e n e h h n o A T O T O B J i a e T c j i e f l y s o i n H f i T a K T
h HacTOJibKO opraHHHHO b e a e t k H e M y , h to 3Aecb, no MoeMy mhchhio, He m ow ct 6 biTb h penn 06 OKOHMaHHH uejioft
MaCTH.
n o o n b iT y H 3BecTHO , h t o A B y x - h H e Tb ip e x Ta K TO B b ie b h a w k, n a C To n o p o w A a io T n y T a H H u y , o c o S e H H o K o rA a p e n b h a c t o
3ayH HBaHH H H aH 3 yC Tb. 3 t 0 np O H C X O A H T, C O A H O H C TO p O H b l, n O T O M y , H TO 3 TH T a K T b i BCJieACTBHe nO CTO HH HO ft CM eHbl T O H a Jlb -
HOCTeM H M HOrOHHCJieHHbIX a ^ b T e p a U H H ACRCTBHTeJlbHO flBJIfllOTCa CJIOHCHblMH; C A p y r O H w e C TO p O H b l, BCJieACTBHe T o r o , MTO
2-h h 3-h T a K T b i M e Tb ip e x Ta K TO B o ro k 3 (T a K T b i 20— 23) n o CBoefi ra p M O H H 3 a u H H h M O A y n a u n a M h a c h t h m h u (c c jih He n p H H H M a rb
b o B H H M aH H e n e p e cTa H O B K y t o ji o c o b ) n e p B O M y A B y x T a K T O B O M y kj (T a K T b i 9— 10). A B eAb m u x o p o r n o 3HaeM, m to r o p a 3 A O
T p y A H e e TB e p A O 3 a n o M H H T b T a r a e A B a p a3 A eJia, K o ro p b ie h m c i o t He3HaM HTejibHbie o t j i h h h « , MeM Ta K H e , K O TO p b ie K o peH H biM
0 6 p a 3 0 M O TJiH H a io Tc a o a h h o t A p y r o r o , 3H aH H TeJib H aa p a 3 H H u a M e w A y h h m h 3aK JiioH aeTcn b x a p a K T e p e — y A a p H O M h ji h
6 e 3 y A a p H O M — s t h x b o c T a jib n o M a H a jio rH H H b ix T a K T O B :

35
(B ep T H K & n b H b ie n y H K T H p H b ie JIHHHH CBH3blB aiO T T a K T b i, H anH C aH H bie B OAHOfi TOHa/lbHOCTH, KOCbte JIHHHH COeAHHJIIOT T a K T b i,
H M e io m H e a n a n o r H M H o e 3 H a n eH n e , t o e c r b CHJibHbie h CJia6 b ie ).
SI xoTeJi 6bi oSpaTHTb BHHMaHHe HHTaTejia eme Ha oamh cjiynaft cxoACTBa, oco3HaHHe KOToporo Moacer OKa3aTbca onenb
nojie3HbiM AJia yBepeHHoro pa3yMHBaHH« HaH3ycTb: n e p b a a nojiOBHHa k2, HaMMHaiomanca b 15-m raKTe, oneHb noxoaca
Ha B T o p y r o nojiOBHHy k2, HaHHHaiomyiocfl b cepeAHHe 29-ro TaKTa. 0 6 a ronoca, HcnojiHseMbie npaBOH pyKoft, coBep-
UieHHO OAHHaKOBbI, pa3JIHHHe HMeeTCH TOJibKO B HMHTaUHH HHHCHerO TOJlOCa: OH ABHlKeTCfl BHH3 riO CeKCTOBbIM UiaraM, BMeCTO
TOTO HT06 bI HATH BBepX no TepUHflM.
CorjiacHO npaBHJiaM Tpofinoro KOHTpanyHKTa, ynacTByiomHe 3Aecb Tpn TeMbi MoryT AaTb uiecTb pa3nn*mbix KOM6 HHa-
uh8. KaacAaa H3 TeM MoaceT noaBHTbca b jikd6om H3 Tpex tojiocob, a ABe jipyrwe, OAHOBpeMeHHO 3BynamHe TeMbi, b kexaom
cjiynae Toace MoryT coeAHH^TbCH abohkhm citoco 6om. Ec/ih TeMa, HanpHMep, nosBJiaeTcs b BepxrteM rojioce, a 06a npoTH-
1
B0CJi0)KeHHH noA hhm , to TaKoe coneTaHHe Mbi 6yAeM o6o3HanaTb KaK 2; ecjiH ace ABe hhjkhmx TeMbi MeHJHOTca MecraMH,
1 3
TorAa Mbi o6o3Ha*iHM hx KaK 3 h t . a. 3naTb s to no/ie3HO n o t o H npHMHHe, h t o TaKHM 06pa30M e m e acHee 6yAeT
noJiOHceHne
2
BHAHa KOHcrpyKUHfl npoH3BeAeHHH, Jierwe h c 6ojibiueH yBepeHH0CTbK> mojkho 6yAeT yaepacaTb ero b naM«TH. HanpHMep,
Mbi MoaceM 3aMeTHTb, h to AOMHHaHTOBbiH OTseT b 3Kcno3HUHH h o 6e «3Kcn.» (TaKTbi 3 , 13 h 26), a TaioKe « f » nepeA koaoK —
1
Bee neTbipe npoBe^eHHa noflBJiaioTCH b coneTaHHH 2. (I7poaHaJiH3HpyKTe c 3tom tohkh 3peMna Taxace h Bee ocTanbHbie npo-
3
BeAeHHH TeM b nbece!)
T T ep B aa mecTHaAuaTaa I2-ro TaKTa coSctbchho AOJiacHa SbiTb heses' (Majiaa ceKyHAa CBepxy KaK BcnoMoraTenbHbift 3ByK
k tfj1). O p if c o r p a t jw s nepBbix uiecTHaAuaTbix b TaKTax 14, 25 h 27 aHajiorHHHa 3TOMy MecTy.
n^acTHHHoe roJiocoBeAeHHe c Hanajia 1 8 - r o TaKTa AOJiacHO SbiTb cjieAywmHM:

ten.cant.

r i p e f l j i a r a e M o e h c n o j i H e h h e : L e n t o m a n o n t r o p p o , J = 44— 50; mp, d o l e n t e . 0 6 a k2 H yacH o n c n o jiH H T b

p o c o s t r in g e n d o c Anw aM H H ecK H M HapacraHHeM a o M f l n c o r o / . B cootbctctbhh c 3tmm Kyjib M H H au H O H H bie nyHKTbi n a A a io T
H a H a n aJio 1 8 - r o h 3 1 -ro TaKTO B , 3aK JiioH eH H e c a l a n d o , M a a c o p H b iii aKKopA — y M H p o T B o p e H H o , thxo.

10

(G-dur)
B xapaKTepHOM pHTMe * c a r TeMa HaHHHaeTca TOJibKO b cbohx Tpex npoBeAeHHax b 3Kcno3HUHH, b ApyrHx ace MecTax —
jih6o c Tim ejioft neTBepTH, 6e3 npefluiecTByiomeft nay3bi (TaKT 2 0 ), jih6o b BbiAepacaHHOM ABHaceHHH uiecTHaAUaTbiMH, 6e3
6ojiee AHHHHoro HanaJibHoro 3ByKa. npaBAa, HMeeTcn eme oaho npoBeAeHHe TeMbr, nanHHaiomeeca Ha CHJibHoft neTBepTH:
b BepxHeM ro/ioce 5-ro TaKTa. Oahbko ero MoacHO paccMaTpHBaTb TaKHM ace 06pa30M, KaK h «rpeTbe nposefleHHe TeMbi»,
BcrpeTHBiueeca HaM yace b hhbchahh e-m oll — To»ce b 5-m TaKTe (cm. CKa3aHHoe TaM no 3TOMy noBOAy!). Tairae h k TaKTaM
2 2 — 2 5 HacToameft HHBeHUHH HMeeTca yAHBHTejibHaa aHajiorna b TaKTax 31 — 36 hhbchuhh e-moll,

<E»opMa nbecw acHa: OHa c o c t o h t H3 Tpex noHTH oAHHaKOBbix nacTetf (1 0 - f 11 + 12). B KaacAOii H3 hhx Mbi HaxoAftM
ceKBeHUHOHHoe pa3BHTne b t o p o m n0Ji0BHHbi TeMbi — AByxraxTOBoe hjih TpexraicTOBoe. CxeMa <|)OpMbi:

0 (1 0 ) H I (u )_ E (w )

* i R 7 9 ii 13 15 17 20 ~\£ 24 ^6 86 81 ^
BepxHHfi roJtoc + 3 Taicra 6
a (D ) «C ) e Kona
CeKBeKUK*
CpeUHHft TOJIOC + 3 Taxra
j> .© It G
CeKBeHUHH

HnacHHit t o jio c + 2 TaKTa 2 x 2 TaxTa

O CeKBeHUHH TeMaTHKecKaa
HHTepJllOflHfl

Ka^eHU M a b K aaeH iiH H b B o3B pam eH ne

3KCn03HU,HH
e-m oli h-moll b G-dur

36
 .O.Byxro.nocHe b xaicxax 8— 10 h 16— 19 AonacHO HcnojmaTbca oaho M pyicoft cJieayiowHM o6pa3ow:

CxeMa AByx KpawHHX tojiocob b TaKTax 27 h Aajibwe:

K r

OrciOAa GTaHOBHTCH hcho bhaho# B3aHMonpoHHKaiomaa $pa3HpOBKa sth x AByx tojiocob. «B h o x » b o6omx rojiocax npH-
xoAMTCk Ha pa3Hbie wecra. A ecnH eme npHHHTb bo BHHMaHne Swcrpo CKaTbiaatomMfics cpenHHfi tojioc, pacn penejie h h w ft Meacziy
AsyMs pyKaMH, t o npMAeTCa npH3Haxb, mto KpacHBpe h tohhoc HcnoJineHne 3 xh x TaKTOB oxmonb ne aBJiaexca JiencoH 3aAaHeii.
OAHaKO TaKoro HcnojiHeHHa mohcho Ao6HTbca, ecnH yMHTb 3to wecTO cnoco6oM, kotopwm 6wji mhok> nonpo6no tnnoaceH
BO BBeAeHHH no OTHOUieHHIO K OAHOMy TaK Ty HHBeHUHH d-moll.
M HOTa h l na 2 - fl MexBepTH cpeAHero rojioca b 2 2 -m xaKxe, h 3syKH, npHXOAamHeca b jieBon pyKe Ha 9-kj wecxHaAuaxyio
b xaKxax 2 7 — 30, AOJiacHbt, pa3yMeeTca, yAapaxbca CHOBa.
I I p e A J i a r a e M o e H c n o j i H e H H e : A lleg ro moderato, J = 88— 92; m f, uiecxHaAuaTbie — oacHBJieHHoe leggiero.
Bee BOCbMbie, a xaKace MeTBepxw b 6acy (TaKXbi 1— 4 h 20— 21) HyacHO Hrpaxb non legato.

11

(g-moll)

3 x o CHOBa HHBeHUHH, HanncaHHaa He b cxHJie 4>yrn, a n o c a w a a neceHHbift x ap aK Tep . Moacno npeACTaBHTb c e 6 e 3Ty nbe-
cy b r0M04>0HH0H o 6 p a 6 o T K e , HanpHMep a jih r o j i o c a b conpoaoacAeH H H (JjopTennaH o;

Ho He TOJibKO b oTHoweHHH neBynecTH, a h no <j)opMe ona o6HapyacHBaeT onpeAeneHHoe cxoactbo c HHBeHuneft Es-dur
(xoTa no HacxpoeHHK) 3xh nbeebi 3naMHxejibHO OTJiHMaioTca OAHa o t ApyroK). 14 3Aecb h xaM xevia H3JioaceHa b BH.ae socbMH-
xaKxoBoro npejuioaceHMa, Koxopoe noBxopaexca b KOHue nbecw noMXH 6e3 n3MeneHHM. MeacAy 3thmh nposeAeHHaMH npoxoAHT
ueJibiH paa MOAyJiHpyiomnx xeMaxH^ecKHx nocxpoenufi pa3pa6oxoMHoro xapaKxepa, oSuwfi oQibew Koropwx bo ivmoro pa3
npeBbimaeT BejiHMHHy TeMbi. Ho, HapaAy c sthmh o6mHMH MepxaMH, cymecxByex h 3HaHHxejibHoe pauiHHue b CTpoeHHH o6eHX
HHBeHUHH: Es-dur-naa, — k3k mh yace bhacjih, — pacMjienaerca Ha TpH acHo pa3JiHMHMbie Mac™, TaKroBoe cooTHomeHHe
KOTopwx: A h — Ba, — A.,. Ecjih. mw 3axoxHM jioao6 hwm ace o6pa30M paccMaxpHBaxb MHBeHUHfo g-moll, xo ecxb, ecjiH Mbi
6yAeM CKJioHHbi CHHxaxb see, hxo HaxoAHxca MeacAy npoBeAennaMH BOCbMHxaKxoBOft xeMb! b Hanajie h b tcoHue nbecw, KaK
c p e a h eo k> M a c x b , xo nonyHHM coBepmeHHO HenponopuHOHajibHoe cooxHomeHHe xaKXOB: A H— Br>r, — A 8. Bojiee ecxe-
cxBeHHWM 6bino 6bi CMHTaTb 3Ty HHBeHUHw cocToaiueS H3 A B y x , k TOMy ace OAHHaKOBbix MacTen: A ,._ :t0, B37—72.
Ho BHyxpH 3xoro no BHAy npocxoro HJieHeHHa m m cxanKHBaeMca c uejibiM paAOM HHxepeCHwx npoSjieM. OSpaTMMca BHa-
Majie k My3biKajibHoft cxeMe: ( cm . ctp . 38).
HaMano nocTpoeHo b cootbctctbhh c oGbiHHbiMH 3aKOHOMepHOCTaMH: Asa BOCbMHTakTOBbix npeAJioaceHHa, nepsoe (a)
3aKaHMHBaerca b xoHajibHocxn xohhkh, Bxopoe (b ) — b napajuiejibuoM waacope. CneAyiowee, 6onee AnHHHoe npeAJioaceHne
(c) cocxoht H3 ceKBeHUHH BejiHM.HHofl b 2 x 2 TaKTa (eme b npeAUiecTByiomeft TOHanbHOCTn), 3axeM H3 MoayriHpyioinero xpex-
xaKxoBoro nepexoAa b xoHajibHocxb AOMHHaHXbi m — HaKOHeu — H3 5 ‘/^-TaKXOBoro AOMHHaHXOBoro opraHHoro nyHKxa
(b yace ApcrnrHyxoft hoboh xoHaJibnocxH). IlocjieAHHH xaKT opraHHoro nyHKxa (29) h cneAysoiUHH 3a hhm (30) BbiABHraiOT
OAHy jiio6onbiTHyK) 3aAaMy. B .TaKTax 30— 32 t o m h o n o B T o p a i o T c s t a k x w 2 — 4 t e m w — npn HesaaMHTeJib-
Hbix OTKJioHeHHax b SacoBQM rojioce. KyAa ace AeJica nepBbift TaKT? 3Aecb Moacer hath peMb hjih o xom, mxo sto HenoJinoe

37
 8C

— J ■

b ...
c/ L *r - p

(V+2*) 'I
T T 't li iifz J j

b
s
■ ~C¥ ) ? ■ * t~ ^
— -
V *'*..

n J (T 1 h p - - F
Y r q
«n O B T c > p e H n e » (hjtm, npaB iinbH ee CKa3aTb, peMHHHCueHHHH) a B J ia eT ca ceM irraKTOBbiM npeanoaceHweM, KOTopoe c o c t o h t we
H3 TaKTOB 1— 7, a H3 2— 8, crieAOBaTenbHo, He HMeeT n e p B o ro TaKTa! Mjim ace, ecjiH Mbi S yn eM p accM arp H B aTb 29-m t & k t KaK
1-K (a c onpeAejieHHoa t o h k h 3peHHa ero MoacHO paccMarpHsaTb h m ch h o TaK), t o n o c j i e a H H f i t s k t opranHoro nyHKTa
AOJiiKeH 6biTb o6o3HaneH KaK t a bc e jt bi ft, h t o 6 o n e e Hew npoSjieMaTHHHO. He rosopa y w e o t o m , h t o 6 a c b n ocn eA H eM TaKTe
aHanorHHHoro opranHoro uyHKTa b o BTOpoft nacTH h h bch u h h (TaK Tbi 57— 64, o h h x nofiAer penb no3>Ke) :

toh h o cooTBexcTByeT 6acy 29-ro TaKTa, cjieAOBaTejibHO, h 3 t o t n o c n e A H H f t c noJiHbiM ocHOBaHneM AonaceH paccMaT-
pHBaTbca KaK 3aKJiioHeHHe, K a K n o c j i e A H H l i TaKT opraHHoro nyHKTa. HTaK: asnaeTca jih 29-ft Taicr nocne ahhm, 3amno-
HHTeJIbHblM HJIH TflJKeHblM, «nepBbIM»? Flo MOeMy MHeHHIO — H T eM H A p y r K M . B TeMaTHHeCKOM OTHOmeHHH B Bepx­
HeM ronoce oh aBnaeTca nepBbiM TaKTOM, a c tohkh 3peHHa rapMOHnn, b 6acy — 0Ka3biBaercH nocneAHhm. (Bchomhhm, hto
c nonoSHOfl ace npoSneMofl mu yace BCTpenanHCb b hhbchuhh Es-dur — TaM xoace b 29— 30-m TaKTax.)
B B nepBoe ll-raKTOBoe npeanoaceHHe o6HapyacHBaer cTpyicrypy 4 - f 3 + 4 h Beaer oSpaTHo b g-m oll. B 44-m TaKre,
t o eCTb b 29-m Taicre o t KOHma, AOcrHraeTca AOMHHaHTa ochobhoK TOHanbHOCTH, h, HanHHaa OTOOAa ( t o ecTb b nocjieAHefi:
TpeTH coHHHeHMs!), TOHanbHOcrb yace Sonbme He MeHaerca. B TaKTe 48 HaHHHaeTCa caMoe AJiHHHoe, 17-TaKT0B0e npeAJioace-
HHe nbecbi: Cj, KOTopoe nOAo6HO np0X0A»meMy paHbme c TaK^e co c to h t H3 AByx nonoBHH (9 + 8). C! n0Ao6H0 c HaHHHaeTca
ceKBeHimeH H3 2 x 2 rarroB h nocne cneayiomHX oath TaKTOB AOCTHraeT opraHHoro nyHKTa Ha AOMHHaHTe (Tenepb yace no
OTHomeHHfo k g-m oll). 3 t o t opraHHbift nymcr npocrnpaeTca 3Aecb yace He Ha 57a TaKTOB, KaK paHbiue, a Ha 77« TaKTOB. Ho
3to yBenHHeHHe o6pa3oaanocL He npocro Snaroaapa TOMy, hto b 6acy nocne TarroB 1— 6 CTaporo opraHHoro nyHKTa, TpaHcno-
HHpoBaH Horo b g-moll, GbiJiH npHCOHHHeHbi eme TaKTbi 7 h 8. H er, HOBbie TaKTbi HaxoA^Tca n e p e A n e p B O H a n a n b H b i M
n e p B b i M h M e a c A y 5-m h 6 - m TaKTaMH — cneAOBaTejibHO, s t o pacmnpeHHe B03HHKno He nyTeM AoSaBneHHa, a b pe-
3ynbTaTe B H y i p e H H e r o opraHHHecKoro p o c ra :

HyacHO ynoMaHyTb, h to B03M0acHa em e h Ap yraa, 3acjiy>KMBafoma» BHHMaHHa TpaKTOBKa HJieHeHHa, A aiom aa B03Moac-
H ocrb paccMaTpHBarb nbecy KaK CBoeo6pa3Hoe « p o h a o » :

TeMa:
1-tt 3 n «3 0 A :

HenTO BpoAe noBTopeHMa (peMHHHCueHUHa): «a »

2-M 3HH30A: d + Ci
TTocneAHee noBTopeHHe: a

P a 3JiHHne MeacAy AByM a TpaKTOBKaMH — h o a p o S h o .ipoaHanH3HpOBaHHOH AByxnacTHOH h p0 HA0 0 6 p a 3 H0 ft — m ojk h o

HarnaAHO noacH H Tb c n eA y iom H M 0 6 p a 3 0 M : _
IAJ<36> [B la s t
*----------- r — ------------------ ' ' - 3 ---------------------- v
^ B y x n a c T H o e HneHeHHe: a J> c »a « a ci a
« P ohao» :

@ 1h c I © Id ct | (a )

HcnoJiHeHHe TpenH b 9-m TaKTe cjieayiomee:

4 8 1 2 43 4 3 83 8

( O pa3yHHBaHHH TpenH c m . CKa3aHHoe b oTHoiueHHH mhbchuhh .Ns 2.)

n p e A J i a r a e M o e u c n o n H e H H e : A n d a n tin o calm o, J, = 44; d olce. Ebino 6bi neyMeCTHo nocTOaHHO «BbiAe-
JiaTb» TonbKo TeMaTHHeCKHH m o t h b 3a CHeT A p y rn x r o n o c o B ; Hama Hrpa, t ^ k h m nyreM , M o r n a 6bi cT arb m o h o t o h h o K. C Kopee
cjieAOBano 6bi n eB yn e b c c th m c j io a h k > BepxHero ro jio c a , oSbeAHHaa ee JinraMH m n p oK oro AWxaHHa; xaparrepHbrft m o t h b m
6e3 T oro*6 yA eT cJi'bim eH , Bee paBHo, noabhtch j i h o h b cpeAHeM h jih b HHacHeM ro jioce. BbiAeJiaiomHeca c p e A H A p y r n x xaicrbi
2 9 — 30 peKOMeHAyeM HrpaTb HeMHoro MeAJieHHee. B raKOH we CTeneHH yMecTHO 3aMeAneHHe h b AByx xaKTax (63 — 64), npeA-
m ecTByiomHx noc/ieAHeMy noaBneHHio reMbr. 3aKjHOHHTejibHbie TaKTbi HyacHo HrpaTb sem plice; ritenuto He AOnacHO 6biTb
c n n m K O M 6 o jn b m H M .

39
 12

(A-dur)
TeMa 3aHMMaeT V j2 TaKTa, c nocjieAyioumM nojiyTaicroBbiM AonoJiHeHHeM, H a n o M H H a io iijH M noAo6Hbi# ace mothb b 3-
HHBenuHH (cm. oTHOcaweeca Tyaa npHMenaHHe). CxeMa TeMbi — nepBOHanajibHo paccMaTpHBaeMoit TOJibKO c tohkh 3peHH
MejuvmH — nopa3HTenbHo npocTa: Becb nepatiK TaKT c o c to h t TOJibKO H3 tohhkh, oKpyateHHoii cbohmh o6ohmh BcnoMoraTeJib
HbiMH 3ByKaMH; 3a 3thm cjieAyeT 3aHHMaK>iUHft nonTaKTa AOMHHaHTOBbift 3ByK, o t KOToporo nocnreneHHO oTAaJunoTca MeJio
HKMecKHe 3ByKH, pacnojioaceHHbie Ha# hhm. Ho ecjiH aHajiH3HpoBaTb TeMy TaKace h c tohkh 3 f>eHHa rapMOHHH, t o Hyacrn
6yAeT b oco6eHHocTH ynoMaHyrb see Beuxw: 1) h \ Ha BTopoft neTBepra — HecMOTpa Ha to , h to aBJiaerca ( KaK Mbi yace bhacjih
TOJibKO BcnoMoraTejibHoft hotoR, — AOiiaceH paccwaTpHeaTbca KaK caMocToareJibHbift aKKOpAOBbifi: 3ByK (V 8), TaK KaK ca\
Bax Tpaxryer ero TaKHM 06pa30M npn nocJieAyioiUHX BcryriJieHHax TeMbi (TaKTbi 3, 5 h t. a.). 2) Ha nepBoft BOCbMoft 2-rc
Taicra HaxoAHTca H e V2, a II0; Bejub el asjiaeTca 3flecb He aKKopflOBbiM 3ByKOM, a B3»TbiM b KanecTBe npe/rbCMa ochobhmm
3ByKOM V cryneHH, KOTopaa b AeftCTBHTejibHocTH noaBJiaerca b 6acy Ha 2-Vl neTBepTH. OTCioAa cjie^yiomee TOJiKOBaHHe rap-
mohhnecKoro njiana TeMbi:

I — V 8— VI — Is

O o p M a n b ecw AB yxnacTH aa: A h B OAHH aKO BO # BejiH H H H bi, K a a cA a a n o 15 Vjs T a r r o B . O a n a K O M b ic iiH M a k H H aa r p a K T O B K a ,

b cooTBercTBHH c xoTopoft HHBeHUHH c o c t o h t H3 Tpex n a c T e tf. B 3T0M a i y n a e BTopaa n a c T b MoaceT p a c c M a T p H B a T b c a K aK p a 3 -
pa6oTKa o t c e p e A H H b i 9 - r o T a ic r a a o KO H ua 2 3 - r o . O t 3Toro Mecra H/jeT TpeTba nacrb, KOTopyio o6pa3yioT p e n p « 3 a h KOAa
(nocjieAHioio HyatHO CHHTaTb o t AOMHHaHTOBoro o p r a H H o r o nyHicra b 2 8 -m T a K T e ).
B t o BpeMa Kax b npeAinecTByiomHx HHBeHUHax ,N° 7 h 10 m m flOJiacHbt 6bUiH paccMaTpHBaTb MHHMoe TpeTbe npoBeAeHHe
TeMbi xaK HHTepjuoAHio, oTOABHraiom yio AeftCTBHTejibHoe TpeTbe npoBeAeHHe TeMbi, b 3T0ft nbece Mbi BnepBbie BcrpenaeMca
c TaKHM nocrpoeHHeM 3Kcno3HUHH, KOTopoe name GbiBaeT b 4>yrax. 3 to aBJieHHe MoaceT 6biTb 0603HaneH0 KaK «HeTBeproe
BcrynjieHHe TeMbi» h 3aKJiK>HaeTca b t o m , hto komito3hto p — nocjie to to , KaK TeMa noaBHJiacb bo Bcex Tpex rojiocax b coot -
BercTBHH c n paBHji bmh (T — D — T ), — npoBOAHT ee eme b neTBepTbift pa3. 3 to nponcxoAHT o n a T b B T O H a J i b H O C T H
A O M H H a H T b l , 6jiaroA£pa neMy co3AaeTca bhahmoctb MeTbtpexronocHoft 3Kcno3HUHH $yrn ( hchto noAo6Hoe m u BCTpe-
naeM, HanpHMep, b $yre B-dur «Xopoino TeMnepHposai'Horo KJiaBHpa», t . I ) .
^onoJiHHTejibHbift mothb noaBjiaerca b AByx BHAax: nocne TeMbi (B oacA a), b Tex Mecrax, KOTOpbie BeAyr b TOHaiibHOCTb
AOMHHaHTbl — b (fropMe a ); nocjie OTBera (cnyTHHKa), b MecTax, B03BpamaK>mHX b TOHajibHocrb tohhkh, — b 4>opMe b ):

MoacHo JierK O y cT aH O B H T b , h t o H3 s t h x A B y x <J)opM o A H a a B J ia eT ca o S p a iu e H H e M A p y r o f t . 0 6 e c n w r n H b i b ceK B em jH O H H O M

pa3BHTHH Ha npoTa>KeHHH n b ecw (b TaKTax 6 — 7 h 2 7 — 2 8 h jih ace b 16— 1 8 ). 3Aecb HyacHO 3aMeTHTb, h t o B T o p a a nojioBHHa
6 - r o h 1 6 - r o , a T a K w e n e p s a a nouoBHHa 2 7 - r o TaKTa n r p a e T ABoiiHyw p o j i b , HanoAoSne T o r o , KaK 3 t o yace SbiJio n p o a H a jiH 3 H -
p o B a H o b oTHomeHHH n e p s o f t nojiOBHHbt 8-ro TaKTa HHBeHUHH D-dur. 3Ta « A B o ft H a a p o j i b » — KaK M b i yace b h a c jih — 3aKJiio-
naeTca b t o m , h t o AonoJiHHTeJibHbift m o t h b b BbiuueynoMaHyTbix Taicrax o A H O B p e M e H h o aBJiaerca h n e p B M M 3BeHOM
CeKBeHUHOHHOfi HHTepJIIOAHH. 3 tO n p H B O A H T BO BCeX T p e x MecTax K n o JiyT 3 K T OBOMy C AB H ry TaKTO B O ft HepTbl. Ee nOAJIHHHOS
3HaneHHe CHOBa BoccTaHaBJiHBaeTca TOJibKO b KOHue 1 2 - r o h — C00TBeTCTBeHH0 — 2 3 - r o h 3 0 - r o TaKTOB. K p o M e s t h x H H T e p -
jir o A H tt, m m HafiAeM 3Aecb eme ABa 3V2-TaKTOBbix TaKace ceKBeHUHOHHbix 3nH30Aa ( o t ce p e A H H b i 9-ro Taicra a o KO H ua 12-ro
h o t cepeAHHbi 2 0 - r o a o KOHua 2 3 - r o ), b k o t o p m x HaA 6acoM, o6pa3CBaHHbiM H3 2 - r o raKTa TeMbi, n p o x o A H T A B y x r o j i o c n a a
K aH O H H necK aa ce K B eH u n a , n o c T p o e H H a a Ha n ep B O M m o t h b c T e M b i. ra p M O H H H e c K a a c x e M a s t h x ramroB cjieAyromaa:

Hanajro A p y r o r o n o x o a c e r o 3 n n 3 0 A a b o B T o p o ft n o jiO B H H e 2 0 - r o r a K T a T p a K T o s a H o E a x o M c b o 6 o a h o ; B O ceM b m e c T H a A u a -

T b ix B e p x n e ro m n o c a n o cymecTBy 3aM eH aioT c jre A y io m e e A B y x ro n o c H o e n o c rp o e H H e :

Hyacno e m e 3 a M e T H T b , m to nocne n ep B oro H3 s t h x AByx 3nn30AOB c j i e a y e t , a B TopoM y — npeAiaecTByeT

rtoM H H aH TO B bift o p r a H H b ift n y H K T (b fis-moll h — oooTBeTCTBeHHo — b A-dur). 3 th o o r a H H b ie n y H K T b i, CTporo roBopa, 33HH-

40
MaK5T TOJibKO no nonTopa TaKra, ho BbiTeKaiomHe H3 hhx noiiyTaKTOBbie 4>nrypbi uiecTHaAUaTbrx sbjihkjtch He neM u h um , KaK
pa3JioweHHbiM opraHHbiM nyHKTOM ( oco6chho b nepBOM cnynae).
B 3ToJt HHBeHUHH OTCyTCTByex npoBefleHHoe n0CJieA0BaTeJibH0 a o caMoro KOHua npoTHBOcnoaceHHe, h o Mbi MOaceM b
xayecTBe TaKOBoro paccMarpHBarb HHCxoAamyro ah3tohh necKy k> MeJioAwo (H3noweHHyio nacTHHHo b nyHKTHpHOM pHTMe),
KOHTpanyHKTMpytomyio TeMe b BepxHeM ronoce 5— 6-ro TaKTOB h b cpeAHeM ronoce 24— 25-ro TairroB. T o we caMoe b HecKOJibKO
HenojiHOM BHfle Mbi y b h a h m eme h b BepxiieM ronoce 15— I6-ro t& k to b , — h Aaace 6ac b 1~m h 3-m Tairrax HaHHHaeTca noAo6-
h o K ace HHcxoAHiueft raMMoo6pa3Hoft MenoAHeft h noTOM TOJibKO H3 rapMOHnnecKHX coo6pa>KeHHH npeBpamaerca b KaAeH-
UHOHHbie SacoBbie rnarn.
B BepxHeM rojioce 7-ro TaKTa TpeTba neTBepTb HBJiaeTca 3annroBaHHbiM 3ByKOM, h, cneAOBaTenbHo, TeMa HaHHHaeTca
3Aecb co 3ByKa, KOTopbift He yAapaeTCJi; noaTOMy m m aojiwhh B3aTb HOTy e- Ha npeAbtAymeii neTBepTH c Heo6xoAnMo8 hhtch-.
CHBHOCTbK), — cjieAyfomne 3a Heft 3ByKH gis1—-fis1 cpeflHero ronoca Aonacnbi HrpaTbca 3HanHTenbHo THiue.
9-a h 13-a uiecTHaAuaTbie neBOft pyKH b 12-m TaKTe bo M H o r n x H3A3HHax (O o p jc e n b h ero nocneAOBaTeJiH) o6o3HaHeHbi
KaK His h Dis, r o r A a KaK b o Bcex aBTeHTHHHbix p y K o n n ca x c t o j it aBHbie H h D.
B oTHoiueHHH nnacTHHHoro n cn on n eH H a sepxHero h cpeAHero ronoca b 16— 18-m TaKTax cm. cKa3aHHoe o 3-m TaKTe
HHBeHUHH d-moll! 3 to h Apyrae noAo6Hbie Mecra (raKTbi 6— 7 h 27— 28) mojkho HrpaTb cneAyiomHM o6pa30M:

6-a BOCbMas b cpeAHeM ronoce 2 5-ro TaKTa — dx. Ehiuo4> Ao6aBJiaeT k 3TOMy d l eme 3HanoK c/o , hto ochobbho Ha HeAO-
pa3yMeHHH. JIaHACxoij) yKa3biBaeT, h to b oahoK H3 pyKonncHbtx KonHft okojio 3toK hotm c to h t ManeHbKoe s, no-BHAHMOMy
HBnflK>meeca coKpameHHeM cnosa «sinistra», KaK yKa3aHHe Ha t o , hto s to d x HyacHo HrpaTb nesoft pyKOM. H o TaK KaK b erapbix
pyKonHcax 3HaK e/», nncaBUJHftca c HeKOTopbiM HaKJ!OHOM,6biJi noxoac Ha SyKBy s .to 3thm h MoaceT 6biTb oSbflCHeHO 3a6jiywne-
HHe Enmo(J>a no 3TOMy noBOAy.
WHTepniOAHa, HaHHHaiomaaca b 27-m TaKTe, tohho cooTBercTByeT (ecnH He npHHHMaTb bo BHHMaHHe nepecraHOBKy ro-
nocoB) ceKBeHUHH, HaHHHaiomeftCH b cepeAHHe 6-ro TaKTa. He6onbuioe pa3JiHHHe 3aKJiK>HaeTca b tom , hto ceKBeHima, KOTOpaa
HaHHHaeTca b 27-m Taicre, AHHHHee Ha oaho 3bcho h — b npoTHBononoacHocxb Apyroft ceKBeHUHH, k o to pan b 6— 7-m TaKTax
MOAynnpyeT b E-dur,— coxpaHaeT OAHy TOHanbHOCTb A-dur. 51 xoren 6bi eme o6paTHTb BHHMaHHe na t o , h to KOHxypti uiecT-
HaAUaTbix b 3thx TaKTax o6pHCOBbiBaK>T r e ace aKKopAbi, h to h ocranb.Hbie ABa ronoca B3aTbie BMecTe (a), a ABHweHne uiecr-
HaAUaTbix KaK 6bi MenoAwnecKH coeAHHaeT 3ByKH 3thx aKKopAOB (b ):

B nocneAHeM Taicre MoacHO HrpaTb cneAyK>mee cooTBercTByiomee cranio yKpauieHHe:

<JIaHACxo4>)

n p e f l j i a r a e M o e H c n o n n e H H e : Con moto, J — 92; HHrepnioAHH, KaK npaBHiio, HanHHaioTca THiue,nrpaiOTca

cresc. O t 24-ro TaKTa h a o KOHma — / (ho He f f l ) .

41
 13

(a-moll)
TeM oft HBji«eTC5? TpexTaKTOBaa n p o craa AnaroHHMecKaa MenoAwa b AHana30He KBapTbi, pa3BHBatomaaca BBepx h bhh 3;
pHcyHOK ee HanoMHHaeT c b o a . Ee 3aKJiK)HHTeJibHbitt 3ByK aBJiaeTca 0AH0BpeMeHH0 naMajibHbiM 3ByKOM oflH o raK roB oro aonoJi-
HHTenbHoro MOTHBa:

AOflOJIHHTeJlbHblft MOTHB

AononH M TejibH biH m o t h b na nporaw eH M H nbecbi n peTepn eB aeT 6 o jib iiiH e h jih MeHbiuwe H3MeHeHHa (H an pH M ep, b T aK Tax
24, 28, 32), a b AB yx c jiyn a n x o h o n ym eH c o b c c m ; b 44-m TaKTe o h orcyT C T B yeT H3-3a HMHTauHH c p e A H e ro r o jio c a , a b h h w h c m
r o j i o c e 56-ro TaKTa — b c jic a c t b h c coK pam eH H a TeM bi Ha o a h h TaKT.
O c a M o fi T eM e c jie A y e T e m e cKa3aTb, h t o , HanHHaa c o II MacrH (T aK T 21), e e H an ajio npHXOAHTca He Ha T a w e jiy io n ep B yto,
a Ha B T o p y io BOCbMyK>. B 3 to m o th o u ic h h h a o KOHua nbecw HM eeTca TOJibKO o a h o h ckjhom chhc (b h h w h cm r o jio c e 53-ro
TaK Ta).
H t o K a c a e rca tfcopMbt h h bch u h h , OHa T p e x n a crH a h HMeeT M H o ro o S m e r o c <}>yroii. A : 1— 20, B: 21— 4 8, C: 49— 64.
npn 6 oJiee 06 cT 0«T e jib H 0 M aHajiH3e 6 p o c a e r c fl b nna3a AOBOJibHO pezucaa b My3MKe 6 a p 0KK0 o n p eA ejieH H a a M eTbipexraKTO Ba«
cTpyicrypa, KO Topaa npoHH3bisaeT b c w n b e c y h JiHiiib b peAKHX c jiy n a a x y c r y n a e T M e c r o HeKO Topoft acHM MeTpHH b n o c r p o e -
HHJix. B n epB b ie 3 t o Ha 6 jiK > A aerca b 16-m TaKTe, KOTOpbin jmJwreTca nocjieAH H M TaKTOM T p e T b e ro npoBeAeH H fl TeM bi b 3Kcno3H-
u h h k b t o » e BpeMH nepBbiM TaKTOM nHTHTaKTOBoro n e p e x o A a (4 — 1). rio A H H M a io m H lic a b 6ac0B 0 M r o jio c e A on on H H Tejib-
Hblft MOTHB npOAOJIMCaeTCH. B 05KHBJieHHOM ABHWCHHH, B 18-M TaKTe HC3aMeT HO nepeXOAHT B BepXHHit TOJIOC H 3aBepU iaeT
n e p B y io nacTb.
Bo II M3CTH Mb! HaXOAHM HOBblM MOTHB COnpOBOWAeHHa B BHAe BOCXOA»WerO H HHCXOAamerO pa3JIOJKeHHOrO Tpe3ByHHfl.
B OC06eHH0CTH HHTepeCHO TO, MTO Ha npOTflaceHHH Tpex TaKTOB 3TO TOJibKO TOHHKa, MepeAyiOmaaCH C BBOAHbIM toHom; h
Aawe BocbMbie cjieAyiom ero 4-ro TaKTa 3aTparHBaioT TOJibKO 3th 3ByKH, xoth b pe3ynbTaTe onHcaHHbie MeTbipe TaKTa hh Ha
OAHO MTHOBeHHe He CTaHOBflTCH MOHOTOHHblMH! B HaMaJie BTOpOft MaCTH Mb! CJlbUUHM TeMy ABaWAW B C~dur H ABaJKAW B
d-moll. B KOHue BToporo npoBeAeHhh b d-m oll b 36-m Taicre 3By4HT hobmK mothb, o6jraflaK>mnft xapaKTepHbiM phtmom;
H3 3Toro MOTHBa 3Aecb h Aanbiue — b TaKTax 56— 59 — pa3BHBaeTca ceKBeHUHOHHaa HHTepjiioAHa. 3 t o t HOBbift mothb, KOHTpa-
nyH K TH p yer Aawe nocjieAHeMy npoBeAeHHK) TeMbi, HMeiomeMy 3HaMeHHe koam — BiuroTb a o KOHua nbecw.
H o B03BpaTHMca k 3 6-M y T a K T y: mm 3 Aecb c to h m n e p e A T aK oft w e n p o 6n eM o ft, KaK h b 18-m TaKTe h h b c h u h h e - m o ll.
M m ch h o 3Aecb, b 36-m TaKTe, HaMHHaerca KaHOHHMecKaa ceKBeHUHH b BepxHeM h cpeAH eM r o n o c a x , H A y m aa Ha ripoTaw eH H H
naTH TaKTOB. Bo3HHKaeT B o n p o c : a o jiw c h jih 3 t o t 36-ft TaKT 6e3ycJioBHo CHHTarbCH nepBM M , ra w e jib iM TaKTOM naTHTaKTOBoft
t^pa 3M — H a t o m T O J i b K O 0 C H 0 B a H H H , mt o b HeM b n e p b m e n o aB Jia erca 3t o t h obm h m o th b , c n y w a u m ft 06 -
p a 3 UOM A n a nocJieAyroiuH X HMHTauHft? H jih w e : HeJib3a jih paccM aTpH B aTb s t o t 36-ft Taicr b KaMecrBe 3aKJiK>HHTenbHO MeTBep-
T o r o TaKTa TeM bi, HaHHHaiouieftcH b 33-m Taicre, — x o t h a o s t o t o b o B cex cjiyM aax mm cjib im a jiH b HeTBepTOM Tam re TeM bi
n p o c T o ft AOHOJiHHTeJibHbift m o th b , c o c T o s iU H ft H3 iuecTH aAU aTbix? # a jie e : K a w e rc a T aK w e HeBepoaTHbiM , m to 6 m c ro J ib apKHft
m o th b h m R M a T ep n a n nosBHJica b n e p b 'm e Ha npoTaw eH H H Bceft nbecbi, 6 e 3 b ch k o 8 n 0A r 0T 0 BKH, k TOM y w e b n o cjieA H eM ,
H an 6 o jie e c n a 6 o M TaKTe MeTbipexTaKTOBoft <J)pa3M — b m e c t o r o p a 3AO MeHee B binyKJioro a o iio jih h r e jib H o r o MOTHBa!
H o JIBnaeTCa JIH 3TOT MOTHB AeftCTBHTeJIbHO TaKHM HOBblM H COBCeM JIH OH He HM eeT HHKaKOft CBH3H C AOnOJlHHTeJlbHMM
MOTHBOM, MeCTO K0T 0 p 0 r 0 OH 3aHflJI? H e CMOWeM JIH Mbi oS H apyW H Tb B HOBOM MOTJIBe — n pH AeTaJlbHOM paCCMOTpeHHH
3 T o r o KpHTHMecKoro TaKTa — KOHTypbi oS p a m eH H a A o n o jiH H T e n b H o ro MOTHBa (cm . T aicr 28)?

KaKHM 6m npneMJieMbiM hh 6 mjio BbimenpHBeAeHHoe TOJiKOBaHHe, oho Bee we He AaeT eme Heo6xoAHMoro AOKa3aTeJib-
ctbo Toro, mto 36-ft Taicr aBJiaeTca 3aKJiK)HHTejibHMM h 5e3yAapHbiM. Peiuaiomnft apryMeHT AaeT 3Aecb — TaK we KaK h b
1‘8-m h nocneAyiomHX TaKTax h h bch u h h e-moll — paccMOTpeHHe rapMOHHMecKofi c x e M b i:
 3 i a cxevta ywe we ocraBnaeT coMHeHHa b tom , h to npodneMaTHHHbin t b k t mojkct 6wTb TOJibKO kohuom 4>pa3bi, ho HHKaK
He HananoM, Aaace ecnn b HeM BnepBbie noaBnaeTca «HOBbjii» mothbhmh MaTepnan. CoBepuieHHo echo, hto 3Aecb s t o t Marepnan
UejlHKOM M HOilHOCTbK) BbinonHfleT pOJlb AOnOJlHMTeJlbHOrO MOTHBa H MOaceT paCCM3TpHBaTbCH B 3TOM TaKTe KaK ero b a -
p h a h t . Ha ocHOBaHHH BbiuiecKa3aHHoro, BepoaTHo, 6y^eT npaBHJibHbiM ncnonnaTb 36-n TaKT poco sostenuto h diminuendo,
a cjienyiouuiM t b k t — «H a hobom AbixaHHH», a tempo.
B TaKTax 41— 44 HMacHHil ronoc Be^eT TeMy b G-dur, 3Aecb we, BnepBbie bo bccm npoH3BeAeHHH, hact CTpeTTa reMbi c
pa3HHueH BCTynjieHHH b oahh TaKT. 3areM cneAyeT neTbipexTaKTOBaa HHTepnioAna, KOTOpaa B03Bpamaex nepe3 C-dur 06parH0
b a-moll. 3flecb HaHHHaeTca III nacTb, na nporaweHhh kotopoh TeMa nosBJiaeTCa eme Tpnacflbi — xaacAbifi pa3 BTOHanbHOCTH
tohhkh, b n0CJieA0BaTeJibH0CTH: cpeAHHH, HHacHHH, BepxHHH tojioc. B BepxHeM ronoce raKTOB 52— 53 Mbi cjiwujhm Hanano
TeMbi, KOTopyio TaKTOM no3ace tohho HMHTHpyeT 6 ac. Ho H3 npoAonaceHHa Bepxnero ronoca BCKope BbiacHaerca, hto sto
6 bino nwuib «MHHMoe» npoBeAeHne; HacTOflm.ee ace BCTynneHHe TeMbi noaBJiaeTca b hhmchcm ronoce 53-ro TaKTa, h mowho
cpa3y ycTaHOBHTb, hto 3to eAHHCTBeHHoe HenojiHoe, TpexTaKTOBoe nposeAeHHe TeMbi bo Bceft hhbchuhh. 3a hhm cneAyeT
neTbipexTaKTOBaa HHTepnioAHa, 06pa30BaHHaa m3 3HaKOMoro HaM xapaKTepHoro MOTHBa 36-ro TaKTa. Ho 3Aecb — b OTnnnne
ot 36-ro TaKTa — nepBbiM tbkt (56), b kotopom noaenaeTca stot mothb, AeHCTBHTenbHO aBnaerca nepBbiM, cwnbHbiM TaKTOM.
FIocneAHHe n«Tb TaKTOB o6pa3yK)T ywe ynoMHHaBiuyioca KOAy.
n o j i e 3 H o n o y H H T b A B a r o n o c a b T a K T a x 8— 13 o a h o m p y K o fi:

H to Kacaerca cckct nocneAHero Taicra, t o cneAyeT nocMOTpeTb cKasaHHoe b o BBeAeHHH no o t h o lu c h h io k rexHHHeCKOMy

ynpaacHeHHK) .Ns 3. nocneAHee a1TpeTbero TaKTa b npeAbiAymeM npnMepe HyacHo 6parb b to p m m nanbueM npasoif pyKH r ji y -
6 o k o Meway nepHbix KJiaBHiu. CneAyeT ynHTb BepxHHH ronoc mf, a HnacHHft — p h Hao6opoT, 3aTeM iuecTHaAUaTbie BepxHero
ronoca — legato, a HHWHero — staccato h HaoSopoT.
KoHTypbi HHMCHero ronoca b TaKTax 15— 21 Moryr 6 b iT b npHBeAeHbi k raMMe C-dur b npeAenax oahoH ojcraBbi:

F I p e A n a r a e M o e H c n o n H e H n e : Andante tranquil lo,J.^= 40; p cantabile. TeMy h AHaTOHHHecKHe iuecTH aAU aTbie
cneAyeT HrpaTb legato, a iuecTHaAUaTbie Hosoro MOTHBa, HaHHHaa c 21-ro TaKTa, — non legato (cHHKonHpoBaHHbie BocbMbie —
pa3yM eeTCa, tenuto) h, HaKoneu, m o th b 36-ro h n o cn e A yJ o m n x TaKTOB — leggiero.

14

(B-dur)
3Ta nbeca — caMaa 3anyTaHHaa, a b othouichmh CTpeTT — caMaa 6 o ra ra a M3 scex hhbchuhh. A n a xapaKTepncTHKH ee
cnoacHOCTH noKa3aTenbHbiM HBnaeTca h t o , hto Aaace caMa TeMa JiHuib b peAKnx cjiynaax noaBnaeTca b cbocm nepBOHananb-
hom BHAe, — noHTH Bee BpeMa OHa npeTepneBaer KaKHe-ro HSMeHeHHa. B yAeT He jihihhmm paccMOTpeTb bck» nbecy, Ana Toro
HToSbl H3yHHTb BHAOH3MeHeHHfl TeMbi.
llpeacAe Bcero cneAyeT BbiacHHTb b 3tom cohhhchhh 0CH0BHyK> pa3HHuy MeacAy t e m o 11 h 0 t b e t o m :

1. ^Hana30H TeMbi, CHHTaa o t HananbHoro 3ByKa bhh3, oxBarbiBaeT OKTaBy. HananbHbiB 3ByK b T 'e M ’e (B oacAe)__
TOHHKa, b o t b e t e (cnyTHHKe) — AOMHHaHTa (cooTBeTcrByiomelf TOHanbHOCTH). Ho H3 sro ro nonoaceHHa b nbece HMeiOTca
MHorOHHcneH Hbie HCKmoneHHa.
2. B T e M e (soacAe) noBTopaerca uiecTHaAUaTaa, cnHroBaHHaa c nepBoit HeTBepTbio, b o t b e t e (cnyTHHKe)— OHa
He noBTopaeTca. KpOMe ro ro , xapaKTepHbie HHTepBajibHbie uiara b T e M e Ha 3-ft neTBepTH — ceKyHAa BBepx, 3areM KBapTa
BHH3, B c n y T H H K e , B 3TOM JKe MeCTe, — TepUHH BBepx, KBapTa BHH3.
npHHHHa 3Toro pa3HHHHa 3aKnioHaeTca b tom , h to b 3Kcno3Hmut c n y t h h k k b o ac a k> HaxoAHTca b oTHoiueHHH
T o n a j i b H o r o o t b e t a . B yneHHH o 4>yre 3to 03HanaeT, hto cnyTHHK He aBJiaeTca npocro tohhmm noAo6HeM BoacAa,TpaH-
cnoHHpoBaHHoro b TOHanbHOCTb AOMHHaHTbi (KaKOBbiM OKa3biBaeTca TaK Ha3biBaeMbiH «peanbHbiii» OTBeT); 3ByKaM tohhkh
h AOMHHaHTbi, BcrpeHaroiAHMca b MenoAHH B o a c A a , b c n y T H H K e orBenaioT b aHanorHHHbix cnynaax 3ByKH aomhh-
aHTbi h tohhkh. 3Aecb: ■

43
 CpaBHeHHe Moacex cxaxb eme 6 ojiee HanwmHbiM, ecjin Bbiimcaxb b o ac a b h c ny x h h k oahh HaA ApyrHM, 06a na^H-
HatomHMHca o t oAHoro h xoro ace 3Byica:

Tenepb paccMOxpHM BHAOH3MeHeHHH xeMbi:

1-ft xaKX, cpeAHHft t o j i o c : B O 3K A b

2-ft xaxx, BepxHHft ro jio c:
3- f t xaxx
4-ft XaKX, HHJKHHft ro jioc:
5-ft TaKX
6-ft xaicx
7-ft xaKx, cpeAHHft to jio c :
8-ft TaKT, BepxHHft t o j i o c :
9-ft TaKT, cpeAH H ft t o j i o c :
10-ft TaKT, HMHCHHft TOJIOC.’
11-ft TaKT:
cnyTH H K
HHXepJIK>AHa c HMHXaUHJlMH npOXMBOCJIOJKeHHH
BoacAb
ceKBenuHOHHoe npoAOJiaceHne Bxopoft nojiOBHHbi xeMbi
b o 6 meM a acjiom aHajiorHHeH 3-M y xaKxy
b o at a b (f is 1 B M ecxo /*). OAHOxaicxoBaa xeMa 3axparHBaex He MeHee xpex xoHaJibHocxeft!
Hanano eme b B-dur, 2— 3 nexBepxH — b g-m oll, KOHen MOAyJiHpyex b c-moll.
HHxepecHaa HenpaBHJibHaa $ op M a; b Heft noBXopaexca cjiHTOBaHHaa HOTa g r h TaKHM 0 6 -
pa30M Ha^aJio npH6 jiHacaeT e e K b o ac a io. C A p y ro ft cxopoHbi, AOMHHaHxoBbift nepBbift
3ByK (b c-moll) h BocxoAam aa xepuna (d*—/ 2) yKa3biBaiox Ha 6jm 30cxb K c n y x H H K y .
HaxoHeuf, x o a Ha yMeHbiueHHyio KBHHxy ( / 2— A1) HBJiaexca 3Aecb eAHHHHHbiM.
oxcyxcxByex nepBaa nexBepxb xeMbi! K p o M e x o ro , HanwHaa o t c 2 B e p x H e r o r o j i o c a ,
jih h h k ) c p e A H e ro r o jio c a 3Aecb Moacno paccM axpnsaxb KaK H enoJin oe npoBeAeHHe c n y t -
h h k a, b k o to p o m (n0A06H0 npeAHAym eM y x a K r y ) x ara ce coAepacuxcn x o a na yM eH b-
meHHyio KBHHTy (a s 1—-d'1).
c n y T H H K b F-dur, xonbKo n o cjie A H a a Hoxa — A B M ecxo C.
KaAaH CH pytom uft xaK x, 3aKpennaiomHft x o H ajib H O crb F-dur. 3 t h m 3 aKaHHHBaexca I n acxb.

Ha ocHosaHM H BbnuecKa3aH H o ro , AanbHeftuiHft aHajiH3 BcxyiuieHHft xeMbi yace He npeAcraBHx o c o 6 bix 3aTpyAHeHHft.
3 A e c b B K p a m e a AonaceH yn oM H H yxb , h t o cpeA H n o c jie A y fo m n x MHoroHHCJieHHbix TeMaTnnecKHX n p o seA eH H ft B c e ro JiHiub
ABa OKaacyrca npaBHJibHHMH: b BepxHeM r o j i o c e 2 0 - r o x a K x a h b HHacHeM ronoce 21- r o ( o 6 a cooxBexcxByioT c n y.T h h k y
b o 2-m xaKxe). CpeAH MwoacecxBa HenpaBHnbHbix no 4>opM e BcxynjieHHft xeMbi a x o x e ji 6 bi o 6 paxHXb BHHMaHHe Jinmb Ha ABa.
O a h o H3 h h x npoxoAH x o x cepeAHHbi 16-ro xaKxa a o cepeAHHbi 17-ro xajcra. 3Aecb MoacHo HaCnioAaxb HHTepecHoe HBJie-
HHe, K orAa HnacHHft ronoc npoBOAHT TeMy b HecKOJibKO M0 AH(|)HUHp0 BaHH0 M BHAe (BoacAb b Es-dur, b abhw chhh nrecxHaAUa-
xwmh BMecxo BbmepacaHHoft nepBoft CJinroBaHHoft Hoxbi * — es) h O A H O B p e M e H h o b BepxneM ronoce MoacHo
ycjibiiuaxb jie r K O y3HaBaeMbift BapnaHX xeM bi: * « ■

a)

^ p y r o e HHTepecHoe ABJieHHe: b 18— 1 9 -m TaKxax BepxHero r o jio c a BocxoAam nft KBapxoBbift x o a b xeMe (H a nepBoft neT-
BepxH o 6 ohx xaKxoB), Koxopbift bo Bceft nbece noaBJiaexcH xojibKO b sxhx AByx Mecxax.
3 x o — 06 H3MeHeimax xeMbi. M t o Kacaexca ee h h m x cooxHomeHHft, xo 3Aecb HyacHO cKa3axb HecKOJibKO cjiob o m h o t o -
HHCJieHHbTX cxpexxax bo BTopoft nojioBHHe nbecw (c 12-ro xaicra a o KOHua). Ilpeacfle Bcero cneayeT oSpaxHTb BHHMaHHe Ha t o ,
KaK yAHBHTBJibHO Hapacxaex HHxeHCHBH0Cxb My3WKajibHoro pa3BHXH* Ha npoxaacemiH npoH3BeAem«i.

44
 Mbi yace suae/in, hto 3Kcno3nuw« (KOTOpyio Mbi paccMaTpHBann c Apyrofi tohkh 3peHHa) pacnpocTpaHaeTca Ha mecTb
TaKTOB. B sthx uiecTH Taiorax TeMa npoxoAHT Bcero r p n p a 3 a, Bee ocTajibHoe o6pa3yer HHTepmoAHa, nocrpoeHHaa Ha
HHTOHauwMx TeMbi, h pacuinpeHHe. H a cneAyiomne naTb TaKTOB npnxoAarca neTbipe BCTynneima TeMbi, t o ecrb 6ojibme,
HeM B lueCTH TaKTax 3KCn03HUHH. II HaCTb HaHHHaeTCH cpa3y we CTpeTTOH 8 AOMHHaHTOBOH TOHanbHOCTH (12-fi TaKT). TaKHM
06pa30M, ecjiH b I nacTH onpeAeneHHoe HapacraHHe npowcxoAHT mnbKO 6naroAapa KOJiHnecrBy h nacTOTe HenpepbiBHO cne-
Ayiomnx A p y r 3 a A p y r o M BcrynneHUH TeMbi, a TaKwe MOAynaimaM b TaKTax 7— 11, t o 3Aecb Bax crymaeT pa3pa6oTKy
eme npH noMomn npneMOB crpeTTbi. H a npoTaweimH nojiyTOpa TaKTOB, o t 13-ro a o cepeAHHbi 14-ro Tanra, TeMa He noaB-
naeTca, ho ee OTcyTCTBHe B03MemaeTca 6oraTbiM MenoAHHecKHM h rapMOHHnecKHm pa3BHTHeM (KaAanc b d-m oll). B cneAyio-
mnx Tpex Taicrax (a o cepeAHHbi 17-ro) nponcxoAHT MOAynauna H3 d-moll nepe3 c-m oll b Es-dur. TeMa, HanHHaiomaaca b 14-m
TaKTe, HMHTHpyercfl (Hen0JiH0CTbK>) b hhwhcm rojioce; AanbHeHmuft noAbeM npoHCxoAHT — KaK s to ywe 6bino npoaHann3n-
pQBaHO paHbiue — SnaroAapa OAHOBpeMeHHOMy 3BynaHHK> reMbi h ee eapnaHTa (xaAanc b Es-dur). CneAyK>mne 21/2 Taicra
HaHHHaioTCfl npoBCAeHHeM TeMbi b BepxHeM ronoce, 3a kotopwm cneAyeT eme oaho BCTynjieHHe TeMbi b tom we ronoce (b
o6ohx cnynasx c xoaom Ha KBapTy, BMecro o6biHHoro ceKyHAOBoro unH TepuoBoro). B ropoe H3 3thx AByx BcrynneHHH hmhth-
pyerca b cpeAHeM ronoce b HHTepBane HHWHefi cenTHMbt c ono3AaHHeM Ha neTBepTb. Eme oahh pa3 TeMa noaBnaeTCa b Bepx­
HeM ronoce, ho 3Aecb aoxoaht. numb ao cepeAHHbi (KaAeHima b B-dur V2— I0), cpa3y we nocne 3Toro Mbi cn&iuiHM crp erry,
eme 6onee cwaTyio, neM Bee npeAWAymne: TeMa BCTynaeT KawAwe nonTaKTa noonepeAHo b o B c e x T p e x r o n o c a x
(b nocneAOBaTenbHOCTw: cpeAHHfl, BepxHHw, hmwhhS) b conpoBowAeHHH 6e3yAepwH0 cTpeMamHXca BBepx mecTHanuaTbrx
6aca, KOTOpbie ABawAbi AonycKaioT Aawe CMenwe inarH Ha HOHy (TaKTbi 20— 21). H o ywe KorAa HcnepnaHbi Bee KOHTpanyHKTH-
necKHe cpeACTBa Ana HacwmeHHfl My3biKanbHOft tk b hh , Bax B e e eme HaxoAHT B03MOWHOCTb bhcctm b nocneAyiomyK) KOAy
HeHTo HOBoe, hto no OTHomeHHio k npeAHiecTByiomeMy m o w c t o6o3HanaTb onpeAeneHHoe HapacraHHe — xoth coaepmenHoe
h Ha hhoK naA, — Ana 3Toro oh 3aMeHaer ABHweHHe mecTHaAuaTbiMH b npeAnocneAHeM raicre coHHHeHHa nocneAOBaHHeM
TpHAUaTbBTOpbIX!
Eme H e c K o n b K o c n o B 0 6 H M H T a m io H H b ix M e c r a x . T e M a B e p x H e r o r o n o c a b 1 2 -m T a K T e H a n e p B b ifl B3 r n « A H M H T H p y e r c a
cp e A H H M r o n o c o M b H H T e p B a n e H H w n eft cenfHMM. H o B C K op e Mbi y 6 ew A aeM ca b to m , sto H H TepB an cenTHMbt o th o c h tc a
JiH uib k c a M b iM n e p B b iM 3 B yK aM 3 THX B C Tyn n eH n tt r o n o c o B , B B ep xH eM r o n o c e , n p o B O A a m eM T e M y b B a p u a H re b o * a » ,
n o B T o p a e T c a c n n r o B a H H o e a - , b c p e A H e M r o n o c e c n w r o B a H H o e b 1 n e p e x o A H T A a n b r n e ; TaK H M o 6 p a 3 0 M 3A e c b , H e c h h t b b s t h x
A B y x H a n a n b H b ix 3ByKOB, M b i H M e e M A e n o c n p a B H n b H o ft H M H T au n eH b o K T a B y . rioAnHHHyio w e H M H ra u H K ) b h h w h k m o c e n T H M y
M bi H axoA H M b T a K T ax 18— 19 M e w n y BepXHHM h cp eA H H M r o n o c o M .
Eme p a H b m e , aH anH 3 H p y a T e M y n o TaKTaM, Mbi ynoM H H ann o np oTH B O cn ow eH H H . O h o n p o x o A H T rnasHbiM o6pa30M b
3KCn0 3 HUHH, b A B y x B H A a x :

B O T H o m eH H H y K p a m e H n a 2-ro r a K T a cm . CKa3a H H o e k T a K T a M 6 h . 1 0 hhbchuhh Ms 1.

CneAyeT o6paTHTb BHHMaHHe Ha ceicyHAOByio nocneAOBaTenbHoenrb, KOTOpaa BbipHCOBbiBaeTca H3 KOHTypOB HHWHero
ronoca T arro B 4 — 5; ee C0np0B0WAaeT BepxHHtt ronoc b HHTepBane AeuHMbi:

Tpenb 7-ro TaKTa:

s i 3 i e 13 *

YKpaineHHe 11-ro TaKTa:

B (JiopTenHaHHO-fexHHHecKOM oTHomeHHH AB yxronocn e 18— 19-ro TaKTOB, K o ro p o e cneAyer HcrronHaTb TOAbKO npaBott
pyKofi, asnaeTca o a h h m H3 caM bix HenpnaTHbix M ecr. 3Aecb sawHO c o 6 nioAeHMe annnHKaTypw h x o p o m o OTpa6 oTaHHoe
BbipoBHeHHoe ABHweHHe 6 on b m o ro nanbija n o HecKonbKHm c o c c a h h m KnaBHmaM (npn noM om n «BeAeHH» KHCTbio»).
n p e ^ J ia r a e M o e HcnoJiHeHHe: Moderato cantabile,J ) = 58; legato. B oTHom eHHH <J>pa3HpoBKH cm. ABa
npeAWAymHX h o th m x npHMepa.

45
 15

(h-moll)
M 3 Bcex T p e x ro jio c H b tx hhbchumR jiaHHaa — HawMeHee B3bicKaTe/ibHa« no C B oew y coAepwaHHio, ho npH 3tom caMaa
«B H p T yo 3 H a a ». IlepBbie tuecTb TaKTOB mowho aawe npHH5m> 3a Hanajio jiByxrojiocHoR hhbchuhh; HHTepecHO, hto Bax b 3thx
TaKTax a a w e hh p a3 y ne Bbinwcan nay3 a ji* orcyTCTByiomero TpeTbero rojioca.
MejioflHHecKaa cxeMa TeMbi:

npMHa/uneacHT tc Towy TMny mothbob, KOTOpbie npoxonflT b wy3biKe nepe3 pa3JiMHHwe 3hoxh h npoH3Be.aeHHfl pa3Hbix wacTepoB
b reneHHe uenwx ctojicthh. AocraroHHO o6paTHTbca k cjieayjomHM npHMepaM: apwa ajibTa «Q u i s e d e s ...» h-moll, JV° 9
H3 Meccbi h-moll, xop «H err, wenn die stoizen Feinde» H3 VI nacrn PownecTBeHCKoR opaTopHH B a x a ; na/iee whth h3 KJia-
BHpHbix cfoh t 9 (g-m oll) h 14 (G -dur) r e h a e ji s ; B b ix o n Jlenopejuio («N o tte e giorno fa tica r".. , » ) b Hanajie «,ZJoh-
3KyaHa», apns lapacTpo F-dur ( « 0 Isis. . . » ) H3 II aKTa «BoJUue6HoR c|)jieRTbi» h TeMa ({jopTenHaHHbix BapnaunR F-dur
(K . 613) M o u a p T a ; Hanajio ApneTTbi M3 op. M l h TeMa ,£lHa6eJiJtH-BapHauHft B e T x o B e H a ; h, HaKOHeu, 3tk>ji III o -
n e h a op. 25 N? 3.
B 3-m TaKTe (JjHrypauMH H3 TpunuaTbBTopbix m ojkct paccMaTpMBarbca KaK nonoJiHHTeJibHbiR m othb, k o to p w R Bax b
Aa/ibHewuieM TeneHHM rtbecbi pa3pa6aTbiBaer eme h caMOCTOHTeJibHO.
<t*opMa HHBeHUHH nByxnacTHa. I sacTb c o c t o h t H3 13 TaKTOB, a HMeHHo: TeMa — 3 TaKTa, noBTopeHHe TeMbi c nepecTa-
hobkoh to jio c o b — 3 TaKTa, 3aTeM cjiejjyeT pa3pa6oTKa — 4 + 3 raKTa. II nacTb HanHHaeTca, KaK h I, — TOJibKO b napajuiejib-
HOfi TOHaJibHOCTH D-dur («BTOpaB 3KCn03HUH«»), c TOR pa3HHUeR, HTO 3AeCb B 3-m TaKTe TeMbl TpHAUaTbBTOpbie, bojih oo6 -
pa3Ho KOJibiuuyuiHecfl BBepx h bhh3, M O A y n n p y K > T : BHanaJie b iiOMHHaHTy — A-dur (16), 3aTeM b cy6AOMHHaHTy —
e-m o ll (19). n o c jie 3 t o t o cjieAyeT nocTpoeHHaa Ha MOTHBax TeMbi ceKBeHUHH, KOTopaa TaKwe HanoMHHaeT TaKTbi 7— 1 0 1 nacTH,
ho pacnpocTpaHaeTCfl Ha ujecTb TaKTOB b m ccto seTbipex. 3Aecb TaKace noBTopaeTCH HMHTaunoHHaa CTpeTTa b abhwchhh
TpHimaTbBTOpblMH H3 TaKTOB I 1 H nOCJieAyK)lUHX, — Ha 3TOT pa3 B BOCXOA«meM B0JlH006pa3H0M ABHWeHHH, a B TaKTe 28
joiaace oxiHOBpeMeHHO b npoTHBonojiowHOM (pacxoAam eM ca) abhwchhh. B cjieAyioiunx BocbMH TaKTax nponcxoAHT m oth bh oc
pa3BHTHe, B0CH0Be KOToporo jio k h t noTaKTHaH CMeHa rapMOHHft (^ h k u h h ). FIocJieAHHe ABa raKTa o6pa3yioT 3aKJiioHHTeJib-
HblH K3A3HC:
1 riS i
6 a b o Rho R.
V 5 1 iv v2 U VI V7<_ , 14 1
5 A O M H H aH Tbl

c jiy ^ K H T , b H3 C T H O C T H , n e p e K p e u iH B a H n e t o j i o c o b b 2 7 -m h 28 -m T a K T a x . Ha C 0 B p e M e H H 0 M 4 > o p T e n H a H O 3 t o t n o B O J ib H O c n o w n b if t
2 8 -h TaKT jiynuie Bcero ncnojiHHTb cjieayioiUHM 06pa30M (By30HH):

Tpejib b npeanocjie^HeM TaKTe cjieayeT nrparb TaK:

h --------- — 1—

H p e j i J i a r a e M o e H c n o j i H e H n e : Allegretto m o d e r a to ^ = 72, m f . TpHuuaTbBTopwe He cjieAyeT «cMa3biBaTb»

neaajibK). ( K o p o r K y i o neaajib m o w h o 6 p a T b JiHUib Ha 6 acoB bie 3 B yK H .) M h u m h cjiOBaMH: (JiHrypauHH T p H A u a T b B T o p w x cneuyer
HrpaTb ne rapMOHHHecKHMH TeM G pO B biM H njiTHaMH, a CKopee jih Hea pHo-MejioflHHecKH.

46