IDE ENGINEERING

ENGLISH LANGUAGE GEOGRAPHY

"Flash Floods in Langkat Areas"

Arranged
By:

Name: Gilbert Iglesias Butarbutar

NIM: 3173131014

Supporting Lecturer:
Dra. Nina Novira, M.Sc.

DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHIC EDUCATION

FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCE
STATE UNIVERSITY OF MEDAN
2018
 PREFACE

Thank you for the The One Almighty God for all his blessings, so that this
Engineering Idea can be arranged to completion. Not to forget I also thanked many of our
lecturers, for being given the opportunity to make Idea Engineering.

And my hope, hopefully this Engineering Idea can add to the knowledge and
experience for the readers. In the future, it can improve to be even better.

Because of limited knowledge and experience, I am sure there are still many
shortcomings in this Idea Engineering. Therefore, I really expect constructive criticism
and suggestions from readers.

Medan, November 2018

Author
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

PREFACE ........................................................................................................................i

CONTENTS ....................................................................................................................ii

CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................1

a.1 Background and Issues ...............................................................................................1

CHAPTER II: IDEAS AND IDEAS .............................................................................3

CHAPTER III: CLOSING ............................................................................................4

a.1 Conclusion ..................................................................................................................4

a.2 Suggestion ...................................................................................................................4

 CHAPTER I
PRELIMINARY

1.1 Background and Problems

Flash floods or Floods are major floods that come suddenly by overflowing, inundating,
and flowing profusely to wash away large objects (such as wood and so on). This flood
occurs suddenly in a low surface area due to continuous rain. Flash floods occur when
saturation of water to land in the area takes place very quickly so it cannot be absorbed again.
Stagnant water then gathers in low surface areas and flows quickly to lower areas. As a
result, all kinds of objects passed through it suddenly surrounded by water. Flash floods can
result in large losses. Flash floods are floods that occur in an area that has a low surface and
occurs due to continuous rainfall.
This flash flood has a sudden nature and usually occurs very quickly. This banjir bandang
occurs because the water in the area is already at a saturation point, so that this flood occurs
so quickly that it can no longer be absorbed by the soil layer. Because flowing water can no
longer be absorbed by the soil, as a result the remaining water will be flooded in the lower
area. This flash flood is classified as a large flood and causes many losses. This is because
sudden flash floods can drag anything if the current is strong. In addition, all objects passed
by the flood will suddenly be surrounded by water. In addition to causing large losses in the
form of material, flash floods also cause many other losses. Problems with the occurrence of
banjir bandang include heavy rains that are continuous or in a fairly long duration, the
formation of dams that are in the river, building around the river. Signs of the occurrence of
banjir bandang namely, the water changes color to cloudy.

The flash flood that occurred in North Sumatra was a flash flood in Bukit Lawang in
November 2003, this flood killed at least 80 people and damaged tourism facilities. Head
of Forestry Information Center Tachrir Fathoni explained, banjir bandang is a
characteristic of the upstream nature of the sub-region of the Bohorok River which has a
slope of more than 60 percent. This area is prone to landslides. Moreover, a few days
before the flood, rainfall increased by five times, up to 100 mm per day. The number of
fatalities is due to the many buildings on the banks and river bodies.
 Based on the 2003 Balai Sabo and Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)
study, which was summarized in the Arrangement of Directions for the Utilization of the
Bahorok River Basin, the number of logs left in the trough during floods reached 70,000
cubic meters. Deposition on the riverbed after flooding from Bukit Lawang upstream
reaches 300,000 cubic meters. The government considers that banjir bandang is purely a
disaster. However, the victim realized the disaster was due to human activity. Illegal
logging that often occurs in TNGL forests and limited production forests is thought to be
the main cause. This refers to the amount of logs that have been carried by the flood. The
wood is also the rainwater barrier in the forest. When the volume of water continues to
increase and the wood does not hold it strong it will turn into a flood.
 CHAPTER II
IDE OR IDEAS

Banjir bandang or "Flood" is a major flood that comes suddenly by overflowing,

inundating, and flowing profusely to wash away large objects (such as wood and so on).
This flood occurs suddenly in a low surface area due to continuous rain. Flash floods
occur when saturation of water to land in the area takes place very quickly so it cannot be
absorbed again. Stagnant water then gathers in low surface areas and flows quickly to
lower areas. As a result, all kinds of objects passed through it suddenly surrounded by
water. Flash floods can result in large losses.
The idea that I could spark was controlling good spatial layout and far from low
ground level. Then we can regulate the water debit, where there is no barrier to the flow of
water flowing from upstream to downstream which can cause a flash flood. Planting trees
that can permeate a lot of water in the sugai bahorok flow, and protect the environment.
Residents around the Bukit Lawang area can make a simple siren design that serves to be
able to inform the occurrence of banjir bandang.
 CHAPTER III
CLOSING
• Conclusion
Flash floods are a natural phenomenon that is detrimental to the surrounding
creatures. Flash floods are floods that occur in an area that has a low surface and occurs
due to continuous rainfall. This flash flood has a sudden nature and usually occurs very
quickly. This banjir bandang occurs because the water in the area is already at a saturation
point, so that this flood occurs so quickly that it can no longer be absorbed by the soil
layer. Problems with the occurrence of banjir bandang include heavy rains that are
continuous or in a fairly long duration, the formation of dams that are in the river, building
around the river. Signs of the occurrence of banjir bandang namely, the water changes
color to cloudy.

• Suggestion
There are many things we can do to deal with banjir bandang, which is to plant trees
that can permeate a lot of water in the area of the river, and we can do that which is
controlling good spatial layout and far from low ground level. And it is better for residents
around the lawang hill to get a lot of information about the problem of banjir bandang, as
well as maintain the environment of the Bukit Lawang area where it does not turn the forest
into a plantation area.