INTRODUCTION TO PAINTING

Painting
 It is the process of applying colors on a flat surface in order to present a picture of the
subject through the use of brushes.

FORMS OF PAINTING

1. Easel Painting
 This is the most common form of painting as this involves applying of color to a board or
canvas that is supported by an upright support called easel.

2. Murals
 This is usually described as a huge wall-sized painting imparting messages on
nationalism and on social awareness.

3. Telon Painting
 This is described as a backdrop or background painting for komedya, sarswela and
sinakulo.

4. Jeepney and Calesa Painting

 Calesa painting uses one color only decorating geometric patterns, repetitive and thin
lines.
 Jeepney painting evolved from calesa painting that typically portrays scenes from comic
books in a landscape form.

5. Collage
 This involves combination of images in single artwork. It also entails cutting and pasting
of flat materials into a canvas or board.

THEMES OF PAINTING

• Genre Painting
 A painting that portrays the daily activities of the people.
 Folk Genre focuses mainly on the everyday activities of the folk.

• Historical Painting
 It often has a lesson concerning national values.

• Interiors
 Paintings of the space inside of a part of a house or building.

• Landscapes
 Paintings that portray natural scenery or urban scenes.

• Portraits
 It portrays the physical characteristics of the subject.

• Nudes
 Paintings that portrays unclothed human figure.

• Religious Painting
 Paintings that includes lone religious image of the saints.

• Still Life
 It portrays natural or man-made objects that form a composition in a natural setting.

Sculpture
- In contrast to painting, sculpture has 3 dimensions – height, width, and depth.

KINDS OF SULPTURE

1. Free Standing
- sculpture that can independently stand in space
- It has flat horizontal base
- All its sides contribute to the overall form of the sculpture
- Guillermo Tolentino’s Oblation is a classic example of free standing sculpture
 2. Relief
- the form is projected from a flat surface
- This kind of sculpture does not have a flat horizontal base

3. Assemblage
- formed by putting together materials such as found objects, pieces of papers, sponges,
wood scraps, and others
- A good example of this is the Man and woman of lamberto hechanova

4. Kinetic Sculpture
- considered as a sculpture in motion because the entire sculpture or some parts are
moving with the wind or are vibrating with the surrounding air

5. Welded Sculptures
- involve the process of connecting sheets of metal together by using an acetylene or
electric torch

6. Symbolic Sculpture
- interpretation of culture and tradition through sculpting or woodcarving

7. Bamboo Art
- works made of bamboo that may be used for everyday purposes or for decorations or
ornaments

8. Basketry
- refers to the art of creating containers by weaving, plaiting, or braiding materials into
hollow shapes that can either be used for carrying, storage, and trapping animals

9. Food Art
- involves packaging and/or presentation of food in an artistic way

10. Mat Weaving

- refers to the art of plaiting strips of organic fibers into mats

11. Pottery
- decorative and useful objects made from clay and set off at high temperatures

Three Types

a. Earthenware/Terracotta – made form clay and usually fired at 1,700 – 2,100 degree
Fahrenheit
b. Stoneware – made from clay and feldspar and usually fired at 2,220 – 2,230 degree
Fahrenheit
c. Porcelain – made from kaolin, a special type of clay that is extra fine and white, and
feldspar; usually fired at 2,500 – 2,700 degree Fahrenheit

ARCHITECTURE
• Involves designing the form of a building while allowing the building to serve its function
• Considered to be the “art to inhabit”

Types of Philippine Architecture

1. Domestic Buildings and Houses

a. Apartment – refers to a building composed of many residences called units

b. Bahay na Bato – built in many areas during the 19th and 20th centuries, considered to be
a residence of the wealthy
c. Barong-barong – houses of the landless poor that are built on any land or area
d. Bungalow – refers to a one-story house with a wide front porch and large windows

2. Ethnic Houses
a. Bahay Kubo – ethnic house of Christian peasant families living in the lowland areas
b. Houseboat – basically a boat that also serves as a dwelling

3. One-and-a-Half Story House

a. Split-level House – has 2 main levels: lower level which houses the kitchen, living
areas, and dining areas, while the upper level has the bedrooms
b. Tsalet – refers to a suburban house with an elevated one-story house
4. Government Buildings
a. Capitol (Kapitolyo) – refers to the building of the provincial government; most capitols
use columns and pediments in the exterior of the building
b. Town Hall (Munisipyo) – building of the municipal government

5. Masjid – refers to a place of worship of the Muslims; the features are: a tower called
minaret, a prayer niche called mihrab the dome, arches that are reinforced with pillars,
and a pulpit called mimbar

6. Commercial Buildings (Palengke, Banks, business offices and factories)

7. Public Buildings and Structures (Eskwelahan)
8. Kamalig
9. Sementeryo
10. Church (Roman Catholic Churches, Aglipayan, Protestant, INC)
11. Movie House
12. Theatre
13. Fort (Kuta)
14. Lighthouse (Parola)
15. Bridge (Tulay)