ANIMAL

ANIMAL RESPIRATION
RESPIRATION

By: Allison Panganiban

 Mode of respiration in which oxygen in the
CUTANEOUS BREATHING air is diffused directly into the blood
vessels.

Thin hide; has tiny blood

vessels under it.
AIR
SKIN

BLOOD VESSEL
COUNTERCURRENT FLOW CAPILLARIES
Mode of respiration in which oxygen in the
water is diffused into the veins.

WATER

ARTERY
VEIN
GILLS
HUMAN RESPIRATION

By: Allison Panganiban

 Ventilation

RESPIRATION
The process of acquiring oxygen and External
other gases and expulsion of carbon
dioxide. Respiration

Internal
Respiration
Ventilation The physical movement of
gas in and out of the
lungs.

External
Respiration

Internal
Respiration
 The movement of gas
INSPIRATION INTO the lungs.
tion The physical movement of
gas in and out of the
lungs. The movement of gas
EXPIRATION OUT OF the lungs.

directly influenced by
nal
ation

nal THORACIC VOLUME

(The amount of gas inside
ation the lungs)
DURING INSPIRATION
Can you remember the
concept of Boyle’s law?

PRESSURE DECREASES
AS VOLUME OF GAS INCREASES
AS VOLUME OF GAS DECREASES
PRESSURE INCREASEAS
DURING INSPIRATION

The ribs and

sternum goes up
The ribs and
sternum goes up INTERCOSTAL MUSCLES
are muscles attached to
the ribs to allow the
expansion of the lungs
during inspiration.

During inspiration, the

EXTERNAL intercostal
muscle expands.
DURING INSPIRATION
This movement of the diaphragm
reduces pressure in the lungs,
allowing more air to go in

The diaphragm, a muscle

that pushes or pulls the
DIAPHRAGM lungs to accommodate gas,
moves down to allow lungs
to be filled.
DURING EXPIRATION

The ribs and sternum goes down

External intercostal muscles relax

The diaphragm compresses the

lungs to draw out inhaled
gases
AIR PATHWAY

NASAL CAVITY (Space in the nose)

CONCHAE (Ridges in the nose)
NOSE (The starting point of respiration)
NASAL SEPTUM (Divides the nostrils)

ORAL CAVITY (Space in the mouth)

AIR PATHWAY

SOFT PALATE (Closes nasal passage during eating)

HARD PALATE (Separates the oral and nasal cavity)

UVULA (Locks the nasal cavity during eating)

AIR PATHWAY

NASOPHARYNX
P H A R Y N X

(Links the nasal cavity to the pharynx)

OROPHARYNX
(Links the nasal cavity to the pharynx)

LARYNGOPHARYNX
(Links the larynx to the pharynx)
AIR PATHWAY

VESTIBULAR FOLDS
(Prevents air from leaving the lungs)
VOCAL FOLDS
(Passes air causing them to vibrate)

EPIGLOTTIS
(Prevents food from entering the larynx)

THYROID CARTILAGE (Supports the vocal folds)

CRICOID CARTILAGE
(Connects the larynx to the trachea)
AIR PATHWAY – RESPIRATORY TREE

TRACHEA (Bridges the air to the lungs)

BRONCHI
(Sorts and filters gases entering the lungs)

BRONCHIOLE
AIR PATHWAY – RESPIRATORY TREE
AIR PATHWAY – RESPIRATORY TREE

ALVEOLAR DUCT
(Links the alveolus to the bronchiole)

ALVEOLAR SAC
(Stores the alveolus)

ALVEOLI
(Diffuses the oxygen to the pulmonary
capillaries)
 LUNGS
RIGHT LEFT

The right is SHORTER because

of the position of the liver. The left is SMALLER because
But BROADER because of the of the position of the heart.
position of the bronchioles.

PLEURA
(Protective casing of the
lungs)
LUNGS

The right lung The left

has three (3) lung has
lobes to two (2)
accommodate lobes.
great volume of
gas coming in.
Ventilation

External
Respiration The diffusion of oxygen
from the lungs to the
blood

Internal
Respiration
 External
Respiration The diffusion of oxygen
from the lungs to the
blood IT INVOLVES FOUR TISSUES IN
EFFICIENTLY DISTRIBUTING
Internal OXYGEN TO THE BLOOD:
Respiration
ALVEOLAR FLUID

ALVEOLAR EPITHELIUM

INTERSTITIAL SPACE

PULMONARY CAPILLARY EPITHELIUM

Prevents alveolar recoil
Allows diffusion of
oxygen to the blood
Space between the alveoli
and the capillary

Allows diffusion of
carbon dioxide to the
alveoli