THE HUMAN ORGAN

SYSTEM
 LIKE WHAT?

THE EYES
 LIKE WHAT?

THE KIDNEY
 LIKE WHAT?

THE
 LIKE WHAT?

THE LUNGS
BREATHING
EXERCISE
 THINK ABOUT IT!

How do we breathe?
 TELL ME ABOUT
IT!
What organ system
primarily function during
the breathing?
THE HUMAN ORGAN
SYSTEM
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
 UNIT 1: LIVING THINGS
AND THEIR
ENVIRONMENT
• Module 1: Respiratory and Circulatory Systems,
Working with other Organ System
• Module 2: Heredity: Inheritance and Variations
• Module 3: Biodiversity and Evolution
• Module 4: Ecosystem: Life Energy
LOOK INSIDE ME! 1
WHAT DO YOU
SEE? 2

6
 COMPARING THE
STRUCTURE

7
8

10
 IDENTIFY THE PARTS
Nose
Nose
Alveoli
Nasal passage
Bronchioles
Trachea
Nasal passage

Trachea Bronchi

Bronchi Bronchioles

Alveoli
 PARTS OF THE
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
 LUNG is
MY _________
like a bunch of
grapes
 COMPARING THE
STRUCTURE

TRACHEA
BRONCHI

BRONCHIOLE
S

ALVEOLI
TRACING THE AIR
PATHWAY
 The Respiratory system is the system
The function
that helps you breath in and out, so
RESPIRATORY INTRO

of the oxygen (02) can be pumped through

respiratory your body and carbon dioxide (CO2)
system is to can be removed from the blood
exchange stream.
oxygen and
carbon You must remember that the
dioxide Respiratory system is made up of
many different organs.
between the
air and the
cells.
 Hi I am O2 ,you can call
me oxygen, and I will be your guide today.
I advise you keep all feet
and hands inside the ride at all times.
 THE NOSE AND MOUTH

This is where it all begins.

This is where the OXYGEN first
enters your body and also where
CARBON DIOXIDE leaves.

Nose – the organ through

which the air enters and is
filtered
MB
 NASAL CAVITY

WHERE ARE WE?

Here We Go!!!

Nasal passages – serve

as channel for airflow
through the nose
Nasal Cavity
Nostril Pharynx
Oral Cavity

Here is a picture of your NASAL AND

ORAL CAVITY.
 WHERE ARE WE?
We are here.
 THE PHARYNX AND TRACHE

Next we will head down to your PHARYNX

(throat) and your TRACHEA (windpipe).
This is where the air passes from your
nose to your bronchi tubes and lungs.
 THE PHARYNX AND TRACHEA
Mouth Pharynx
(Throat)

Trachea

Trachea - also called windpipe; a hollow tube

that serves as passageway of air into the lungs
 We are here.

WHERE ARE
WE?
 THE BRONCHI TUBES &
BRONCHIOLE
Your TRACHEA (windpipe) splits up into
two BRONCHI TUBES. These two tubes keep
splitting up and form your BRONCHIOLE.

Bronchi - also called bronchial tubes; two

branching tubes that connect the trachea to
the lungs.

Bronchioles - the finer subdivisions of the

bronchi; hairlike tubes that connect to the
alveoli. MB
 WHERE ARE
WE?

We are here.

MB
 ALVEOLI AND
BRONCHI PICTURE
TRACHEA
Alveoli - also called air sacs;
allow the gas exchange in
lungs.

BRONCHIOLE
BRONCHI
TUBES
ALVEOLI
 THE ALVEOLI AND CAPILLARY
NETWORK
Your ALVEOLI are tiny air sacs
that fill up with air/oxygen when you
breath in.

Your alveoli are surrounded by

many tiny blood vessels called
CAPILLARIES.

The walls of your ALVEOLI AND CAPILLARIES are

so thin that the OXYGEN or CARBON DIOXIDE can
pass through them, traveling right into, or
out of your blood stream.
 ALVEOLI PICTURE
Here is a close Capillary
up picture of
your ALVEOLI
AND CAPILLARY
surrounding it.

CO2 is
dropped off
Oxygen is
picked up

Red Blood
Cell
COOL PICTURES
 WHERE ARE
WE?

We are here.

MB
Nasal Cavity
Throat
(pharynx)
Nose
Mouth
Windpipe
(Trachea)
Bronchus
Left lungs
Bronchiole Ribs

Alveolus

Diaphragm
SEATWORK

CREATE A FLOW CHART

ON THE PATHWAY OF AIR
THROUGH THE
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
USE AND BOXES TO SHOW THE DIRECTION OF AIR
AS IT GOES INSIDE YOUR RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
 Mouth Oral Cavity

Nose/ Pharynx/
Nostrils Nasal Throat
cavity

Bronchioles Bronchi Trachea/

Windpipe

AIR
Alveoli PATHWAY
 MATERIALS
• Divided plastic bottle
• 2 small balloons
• 1 big balloon /small Plastic bag
• 2 sturdy straw
• 1 pair of scissors
• rubber bands or tape
INTR

Now we will look at the Diaphragm. You

O TO
DIAP
HRA
GM

might be wondering, what does the

Diaphragm do?

The DIAPHRAGM is an important factor

in breathing.
SEE HOW IT WORKS!
 DO IT YOURSELF!
ACTIVITY
Bottled Balloons
OBJECTIVES:
1.Explain how the lungs work.
2.Describe how the movement of the
diaphragm helps the air to go in and out
of the lungs.
MODEL IT!
 MATERIALS
• Divided plastic bottle
• 2 small balloons
• 1 big balloon /small Plastic bag
• 2 sturdy straw
• 1 pair of scissors
• rubber bands or tape
 PROCEDURE:
1. Using a pair of scissors, cut the opening of the balloon
for about 1 inch. Set aside the cut out part.
2. Place one balloon on the end of each straw, and secure
them with rubber bands/ tapes,
3. Put the cut out part of the balloon on the mouth of the
empty bottle.
4. Make sure that each hole is just big enough for a straw
to fit through. Seal the mouth of the container with a
tape.
5. Enclose the bottom of the bottle with a plastic bag.
Secure it with rubber bands as tightly as possible
 VIDEO LINKS
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ErpwiQcftnY
 BOTTLED
BALLOON
Simulating the
Breathing
Mechanism
 GUIDE QUESTIONS:
Q1. What does each part of the constructed model
represent?
Q2. What happens as you pull down the big balloon at
the bottom of the model?
Q3. What happens as you push up the big balloon?
Q4. How does the movement of the diaphragm cause
the air to go in and out of the lungs?
Q5. What might happen if you prick the big balloon?
 GUIDE QUESTIONS:
Q1. What does each part of the constructed
lung model represent?

Plastic bottle - chest cavity;

Straws – bronchi, trachea;
Small balloons inside the plastic bottle - lungs;
Big balloon at the bottom of the plastic bottle -
diaphragm
 
 COMPARING THE
STRUCTURE

TRACHEA

BRONCHI

LUNGS

DIAPHRAGM
ANALOGY AND FIND
OUT SOME PARTS

Nasal Passage

Nose

Trachea
Bronchi
Bronchioles

Alveoli
Diaphragm
 GUIDE QUESTIONS:
Q2. What happens as you pull down the balloon at
the bottom of the model?
As the balloon at the bottom of the model was pulled
down, the balloon inside expands or inflated.
The air pressure inside the bottle is lowered by increasing
the space inside the balloon. The outside air enters
through the tube, which makes the two balloons inside
the bottle “chest” to expand.
 GUIDE QUESTIONS:
 
Q3. What happens as you push up the balloon?
As the balloon was pushed up, the balloon deflates
and return to their original size.
The air pressure inside the bottle is increased by
decreasing the space inside the balloon. The air exits
through the tube, which makes the two balloons inside
the bottle return to their original size.he diaphragm and
the chest cavity relax and return to its original size and
place. There is now less space and greater pressure inside
the lungs.
 
 BOTTLED
BALLOON
Simulating the
Breathing
Mechanism
Q4. How does the movement of the
diaphragm cause the air to go in and out of
the lungs?

When the diaphragm contracts, the air goes into

the lungs or the inhalation process occurs.
When the diaphragm relaxes and returns to its
original place, the air goes out of the lungs or the
exhalation process occurs.
DIAGRAM OF DIAPHRAGM
 Inhalation and exhalation are the processes by which the body
brings in oxygen and expels carbon dioxide. The breathing process is
aided by a large dome-shaped muscle under the lungs called the
diaphragm.
When you breathe in, or inhale, the diaphragm muscle
contracts. Inhaling moves the diaphragm down and expands the chest
cavity. Simultaneously, the ribs move up and increase the size of the
chest cavity. There is now more space and less air pressure inside the
lungs. Air pushes in from the outside where there is a higher air
pressure. It pushes into the lungs where there is a lower air pressure.
When you breathe out, or exhale, the diaphragm muscle
relaxes. The diaphragm and ribs return to their original place. The
chest cavity returns to its original size. There is now less space and
greater air pressure inside the lungs. It pushes the air outside where
there is lower air pressure.
Q5. What might happen if you prick the balloon?

If we prick the balloon, the diaphragm will not

function anymore. Being the major muscle of
respiration, the body is dependent on the diaphragm
for normal respiratory function. Therefore, we will
not be able to perform respiration in our body and
when this happens, different diseases and disorders
will result, or we can even die.
 THEREFORE WE CONCLUDE
THAT:
Inhalation and exhalation are the processes by which the body brings in oxygen
and expels carbon dioxide. The breathing process is aided by a large dome-shaped muscle
under the lungs called the diaphragm.
When you breathe in, or inhale, the diaphragm muscle contracts. Inhaling
moves the diaphragm down and expands the chest cavity. Simultaneously, the ribs move
up and increase the size of the chest cavity. There is now more space and less air pressure
inside the lungs. Air pushes in from the outside where there is a higher air pressure. It
pushes into the lungs where there is a lower air pressure. When you breathe out, or
exhale, the diaphragm muscle relaxes. The diaphragm and ribs return to their original
place. The chest cavity returns to its original size. There is now less space and greater air
pressure inside the lungs. It pushes the air outside where there is lower air pressure.
Lungs can’t work without the diaphragm, because it is the one that controls the
flow of air in and out of it. It is impossible for the lungs to perform without the
diaphragm.
 FUN FACTS

* At rest, the body takes in and breathes out about

10 liters of air each minute.
* The right lung is slightly larger than the left.
* The highest recorded "sneeze speed" is 165 km
per hour.
* The surface area of the lungs is roughly the
same size as a tennis court.
 FUN FACTS

*The capillaries in the lungs would extend 1,600 kilometers

if placed end to end.
* We lose half a liter of water a day through breathing. This
is the water vapor we see when we breathe onto glass.
* A person at rest usually breathes between 12 and 15 times
a minute.
* The breathing rate is faster in children and women than in
men.
 KEY WORDS

• Respiratory System- The group of organs in your

body that are responsible for taking in Oxygen and
breathing out the Carbon Dioxide which is the waste
product of cellular respiration.
• Oxygen (O2)-The gas that your body needs to work
and function.
• Carbon Dioxide (CO2)- The waste product (gas) that
is produced through respiration of people and animals.
 KEY WORDS
• Nose/Nasal Cavity- Where Oxygen first enters your body.
Tiny hairs help filter the air and air is moistened and heated
by your nose. Your Nose leads into your Nasal Cavity.
• Mouth/Oral Cavity- Oxygen/air can also enter through your
Mouth but it is not filtered. Your Mouth opens up into your
Oral Cavity.
• Sinus- A cavity in the bones of your skull that helps moisten
and heat the air that you breath.
• Pharynx/Throat- Gathers air from your Nasal and Oral
Cavities and passes it to your Trachea.
• Trachea/Windpipe- A tube like pathway that connects your
throat to your Bronchi Tubes and lungs. Air passes through it
when it travels from the Pharynx to the Bronchi Tubes.
 KEY WORDS

• Bronchi Tubes- Each tube (one per lung) splits up into

many smaller tubes called Bronchiole, like branches on a
tree.
• Bronchiole- Keep splitting up until they reach your
Alveoli.
• Alveolar Duct- The final tube, which is part of the
Alveoli, that leads to the air-sacs.
• Alveolar Sac- Where the chemical change takes place
and where blood cells pick up oxygen and drop off
carbon dioxide.
 KEY WORDS

• Alveoli- Tiny air-sacs at the end of your Alveolar

Duct. They fill up with Oxygen and are surrounded by
Capillaries.
• Capillaries- Tiny blood streams (around one cell
wide) that surround your Alveoli. They take Oxygen
out of our Lungs and replace it with Carbon Dioxide,
which you later breath out.
• Diaphragm- The muscle membrane that helps you
breath in and out by changing the pressure in your
chest cavity.
 Human Body System

Comes put when

nostril
 ESSAY WRITING
1 WHOLE SHEET

Write an INFORMATIVE ESSAY about

the respiratory system by understanding
the process that happens during breathing.
 WORKS CITED
For more information please visit:
• http://yucky.kids.discovery.com/flash/body/pg000138.html
-Why do you need to breathe? And basic info on parts of the Respiratory system
• http://www.lung.ca/children/grades7_12/respiratory/index.html
-An overview of the parts of Respiratory System
• http://www4.tpgi.com.au/users/amcgann/body/respiratory.html
-A basic look at the Respiratory System
• http://www4.tpgi.com.au/users/amcgann/body/respiratory_facts.html
-Fun Facts
• http://users.pandora.be/educypedia/education/respiratory.htm
-Very detailed info and some animation-Has many other body systems too
• http://www.bioedonline.org/slides/slide01.cfm?tk=5&pg=2S
-Web slides with a little info and good pictures
• www.geocities.com/medinotes/nasal_cavity.htm
-The Nose and Nasal Cavity
• Human anatomy coloring book
 WORKS CITED
Where we got some of our pictures:
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/img/pe01021.gif
http://www.sirinet.net/~jgjohnso/respiratorylungs.gif
http://academic.pg.cc.md.us/~aimholtz/AandP/206_ONLINE/Resp/
Images/respstructures.jpg
http://www.cancersa.org.au/files/1/2/17/226/airwaysfullylabelled.jpg
http://www.researchmatters.harvard.edu/photos/645.jpg
http://www4.tpgi.com.au/users/amcgann/body/respiratory.html
http://www.sirinet.net/~jgjohnso/humanrespiratory8.jpg