Professional Documents
Culture Documents
(BONTOC)
INTRODUCTION
This work is the fruit of almost a year of study of Bontoc Death
Rituals.
The Sta. Rita Parish inculturation group, after careful deliberation and
discernment has come up with this prayer guide for use of Bontoc.
Most of the death rituals widely practiced in Bontoc up to the
present have been retained but given a Christian meaning. It is hoped
that with this prayer guide, we may grow in faith as we minister to
one another in our Basic Purok Communities.
DEATH RITUALS
1. MANG-MANG
While the dead body is being prepared for the wake, men
butcher the first pig to feed the people coming to be with the family
of the dead. The reading of the bile is however omitted. The
prepared prayer for the mangmang is said by an elder. This is the
family’s final act of love for the dead.
2. FAAG
The “afe” or native woven cloth is put on the dead. It is a symbol of
the dead if it is not worn. This is a symbol that the dead is “ifontok”
and a son/ daughter of God. The design of the cloth depends on the
status of the deceased whether “kachangyan” or “pusi” Then an
elder formally declares the deceased as dead. In Bontoc, the
deceased is considered just “sleeping” and so there may be no
singing, crying, etc. Until after the “fa-ag”. The leader can do the
prepared prayer for the fa-ag. Instead of holding a cup of fayas or
tapey, the prayer leader sprinkles holy water on the dead. Then he
starts with the “ana-ey” or “anako” which is immediately picked up
by the group present and the “antoway” or native chants for the
dead may commence. This will continue throughout the duration of
the wake.
3. ACHOG
This is the wake. The number of days again depends on the status of
the deceased (kachangyan/ pusi). A pig, “sapon si otong” is
butchered to feed the people coming for the wake especially those
coming from far places.
This is the time for the family and friends to show their respect
for the dead. Children or other close relatives may butcher pigs in
their respective homes to feed the people.
A prayer leader from the purok can lead novena prayers or
lead bible sharing. (Luke 16: 19-31) (rev. 21:1-7)
4. LEFEN (Burial)
If the body had been placed in a “sangachil”, it is transferred to the
“alongan” or coffin for burial. If desired by the family, the dead may
be brought to church for the burial mass. If not, a Lay Minister leads
prayer service for the dead.
After the burial, a pig “alolos” is butchered to feed the people
who came for the burial. This is done after the Lay Minister leads the
prayer for the bereaved family.
5. AB-AFON
The following day after the burial, the members of the family and
other relatives gather at the house of the dead to help and console
the bereaved family as they cannot work while in mourning. The men
can gather “khachiw” for the relatives to eat. Novena masses
continued and the family can also plan for the “pamisa”.
6. PAMISA
Usually on the ninth day, the family offers mass for the dead. The
bigger community is invited for breakfast. This is to express the
family’s gratitude to all those who came to support and help them in
their time of sorrow. Then a pig is butchered. This is the “foka”. It is a
sign that the family and relatives may start going on with their usual
activities.
KAPYA ISNAN MANGMANG
Leader: Isnan ngachan nan Ama, nan anak. Ya nan Espirito Santo.
(Panagwarsi isnan nasantoan ay chanom)
Salmo Responsorio:
NAN APO NAN PASTORKO, MA-ID KASIK ANAPEN.
1. Nan Apo nan pastorko ko, ma-id kasik anapen. Isnan enlaylay-eng ay
ponchag, ipa-elleng na sak-en, isnan sag-en nan entengnin ay eb-eb,
ipango na sak-en ta fomikas nan cha ngomaya ay leng-agko.
2. Ipango na sak-en isnan khawis ay kew- an. No manalan ak isnan
khinnao ay ab-afolinget, maid ngaag si egyatek. Wad-ay ka ischi’y
ensosokod, ya sik-a nan mangigwa ken sak-en is liwliwa.
3. Ensakhana ka’s chono pala ken sak-en, isnan sakhang nan kafosor ko.
Linana-am nan olok, ya enloplopias nan tasak.
4. Ma-id chuwadchuwa ay nan khawis yangkhay nan ommonod ken sak-
en isnan matatakhowak. Isnan afong nan Apo nan entey-ak is
engkha-engkhana.
ALLELUIA (makanta)
EBANGHELYO:
Leader: Nan nay maifasa, naala isnan Ebanghelo ay insolat San Juan:
Kinwanin Martha ken Jesus: “Mo saya wad-ay ka isna, egay
koma nataey nan akhik, magtek amok ay olay idwani, nan am-in ay
kedchawen ken Apo Dios, at ichowa na.” Kinwanin et Jesus ken siya,
“Nan akhim, et kasin matakho.” Kasin kinwanin Martha, “Ammok ay
at kasin matakho siya is omochi ay akhew.” Sa et kanan Jesu: “ Sak-en
nan kasin matakhowan. Mo sino nan omafolot ken sak-en, olay mo
matey et enfiag, ya mo sino nan enfibfiag ay omafolot ken sak-en, at
adi matmatey. Abfolotem ngen na? “Wen Apo, “ kinwanin Martha,
“Abfolotek ay sik-a nan Cristo, nan Anak nan Chios, nan nafa-a’y
omali’s nan fatawa.”
Siya na nan Ebanghelio’n nan Apo.
(Akit ay palawag)
Amin: Amen.
Leader: Enlualo tako et ken Ama tako’d chaya ay kag isnan insolon Cristo ay
Apo tako:
Leader ken Amin: Amami’y wad-ay ad chaya. Nasantoan nan ngachan mo.
Omchan et nan en-ap-apoam, maangnen et nan nemnem mo isnan
lota ay kag ad chaya. Ichowam et nan kanen mi, isnan
kawakawakas, pakawanem nan fasor mi ay kag isnan
menpakawanan mi ‘snan fomasor ken chakami. Ya adim pay
iyalochog chakami isnan sogsog, nay met achi isalakam chakami
isnan nga-ag.
Amin: Tay kuwam nan en-ap-apoan, nan kinakabfalin ya nan Gloria isnan
eng-engkhana ay ma-id pengpengna.
Amin: “Kordero nan Chios ay manga-an, isnan fasor nan lufong maseg-
angka,maseg-angka, maseg-angka ken chakami.” (2x)
Kordero nan Chios ay manga-an, isnan fasor nan lufong, maseg-
angka, maseg-angka, igwam nan enmi umnepan.
Leader: Aag-ik ken cristo, sakbay ay masisyan tako, entakot ittalek nan akhi
tako ken Apo Dios. Asop ya nan nay angnen tako, payap-ewena nan
semek nan nataynan, ya pabfikasena nan pammati tako. Enchene
tako ay en-asi-ila is omchan nan chey ay akhew ay si Cristo ay Apo
tako, amongena chatako isnan layad ya lagsak na.
Nan akhi tako, inmey isnan ma-id pengpengna ay inana isnan
ompaan Cristo. Isnan afolot ya namnama tako isnan fiag ay ma-id
pengpengna, italek tako siya isnan seg-ang nan Ama. Nenfalin siya ay
anak nan Chios chumalat isnan foniag, yak ad-in ay chinawat na nan
tinapay si fiag. Asop ya nan Chios chawatena et siya id chaya ta
tawichena nan fiag ay ma-id pengpengna. Enlualo tako akhes ta
chatako ay enaafig isnan nay nateyan nan akhi tako komekedse tako
kayet ay mangidno isnan pagarian nan Chios isnan nay ay lota
engkhana ay nan Chios, ayakhana akhes chatako isnan Gloria na ay
ma-id pengpengna.
Leader: Nan angheles, alaen cha koma sik-a ya ipango cha id chaya, ya ken
Lazaros issan chey ay posi, edchanam et koma nan fiag ay ma-id
pengpengna. Amen.
Leader: Enlualo tako pala isnan akhi tako ken Apo Jesucristo ay nangwani en:
“Sak-en nan kasin matakhowan ya fiag. Nan takho’y omafolot ken
sak-en et enfiag olay mo matey; ya am-in ay matatakho ay adi
omafolot ken sak-en, et adina ippeng nan ma-id pengpengna ay fiag.
Leader: Introduction:
Id solit, wad-ay nan chuwa ay sin-akhi ay narpo ay naki-oma id fana-
ao. Isan soma cha ya patingkha cha id khadkhad, yaket adi cha
makagchang. Yaket pommanad nan anghel nan Apo ay nangwanin:
“Enkayo man wad-ay issa? Sefat et nan sin-akhi ay nangwani:”
“Laychen mi ay soma tay en-asok nan afong mi tay natey si _______
ay _______ mi.” Yaket fadfachen nan anghel nan wanes na ay
nangiwakat iska wanga et siya nan inikwan cha ya sinmaa cha. Issan
sinmaa cha yake cha’t alan nan kotti ya sopsopan cha sa cha’t
ominom isnan chanom. Siya na nan kasin nangipafikas ken chaicha.
Idwani, enlualo tako:
Chios ay Amami, chachama nan layad mo ken chakami. Isnan nay ay
naamongan mi, kedchawen mi nan seg-ang mo isnan nay familya ay
tinaynan _________. Chomalat isnan nay ay kanen mi, ikasiw mo
chaicha isnan am-in ay sakit ya sikhab si awak. Bendisyonam am-in ay
idno cha ta wad-ay fikas cha ay mangitot-oloy isnan am-in ay khawis
ay inik-ikkan ______ issan kawad-ay na isnan nay ay lota.
Pakekedselem chaicha isnan seg-ang mo ta itot-oloy cha ay
mangichad-ayaw ken sik-a idwani ya eng-engkhana. Kedchawen mi
na isnan ngachan Jesucristo ay Apomi. Isnan ngachan nan Ama, nan
Anak, ya nan Espirito Santo. Amen.
Yaweh
Koro: Yaweh, amok wad-ay ka
Wad-ay ka’y michidchipa
Ay en mangil-ila
Chalan ko, fantayam as eng-engkhana.
Sik-a et em ammo
Cham ilan nan angnek ay en chono
Limam chadlo nan mangischo
Ummikasiw ‘snan khulo
Sik-a’y salak ko. Koro
Tet-ewa, O Apo
Chayawek nan nay kinakhawismo Cham angnen ad-i kafilang
Ya cham kay-et ikkan
Ad-ak mataytaynan. Koro