ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT LAB

TP– 02

Kirchhoff’s Current and voltage Laws

NAI SOKNOV
E20170539

LECTURED BY:
ENG SAMPHORS

ENGINEERING’S DEGREE
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONIC AND ENERGY ENGINEERING
INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY OF CAMBODIA
PHNOM PENH
2019-2020
 TP2: Kirchhoff’s Current and voltage Laws

1.1 Objective
The objective of this experiment is to understand series, parallel combination of resistors
and verifying Kirchhoff’s voltage and current law.

1.2 Equipment
1. DC power supply HY3005D (01)
2. Digital Multimeter (DMM) GDM-8135 (01)
3. Resistors
4. Ampere meter MX035D (01)
5. Breakboard M32 (01)
1.3 Calculation, Implementation and Simulation
1.3.1 The combination of resistors

𝑅1𝑅2 0.5×1
Req=R1+ = 2+ = 2.359kΩ
𝑅1+𝑅2 0.5+1

Resistors Measured value(kΩ) Theoretical value(kΩ)

Req 2.35 2.359

𝑅2𝑅(345) 𝑅4𝑅5
Req= R1+ and R(345)=R3+ then Req = 279.34Ω
𝑅2+𝑅(345) 𝑅4+𝑅5
1
 Resistors Measured value(Ω) Theoretical value(Ω)
Req 276 279.34

1.3.2 Kirchhoff’s Current and Voltage Laws

1.3.2.1 Serie circuit

 Calculation
Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law : ∑ 𝑉 = 0

V-IR1-IR2-IR3= 0
𝑉
then I=
𝑅1+𝑅2+𝑅3

So V1= IR1, V2=IR2, V3=IR3

2
 Applied Theoretical value (v) Measured value (v) Voltage total(v)
Voltage(v) V1 V2 V3 V1 V2 V3 Vtheo Vmeas
5 2.88 0.67 1.45 2.8 0.6 1.4 5 4.8
7 4.03 0.94 2.02 4 0.9 2 7 6.9
9 5.18 1.12 2.56 5.2 1.2 2.6 9 9

1.3.2.2 Parallel circuit

 Calculation
Kirchhoff’s Current Law: ∑ 𝐼 = 0
𝐼1 − 𝐼2 − 𝐼3 = 0
By using KCL and KVL we get the equation {𝑉 − 𝐼1𝑅1 − 𝑅2𝐼2 = 0
𝑅2𝐼2 − 𝑅3𝐼3 = 0

𝐼1 − 𝐼2 − 𝐼3 = 0 𝐼1 = 27.5𝑚𝐴
If V= 5V then we get{ 5 − 100𝐼1 − 100𝐼2 = 0 ⇒ { 𝐼2 = 22.951 𝑚𝐴
100𝐼2 − 560𝐼3 = 0 𝐼3 = 4.098𝑚𝐴
𝐼1 − 𝐼2 − 𝐼3 = 0 𝐼1 = 37.868𝑚𝐴
If V=7V then we get{ 7 − 100𝐼1 − 100𝐼2 = 0 ⇒ {𝐼2 = 32.131𝑚𝐴
100𝐼2 − 560𝐼3 = 0 𝐼3 = 5.738𝑚𝐴

𝐼1 − 𝐼2 − 𝐼3 = 0 𝐼1 = 48.688𝑚𝐴
If V=9V then we get{ 9 − 100𝐼1 − 100𝐼2 = 0 ⇒ {𝐼2 = 41.312𝑚𝐴
100𝐼2 − 560𝐼3 = 0 𝐼3 = 7.377𝑚𝐴

3
 Applied Theoretical value (mA) Measured value (mA) Current
Voltage(A) total(mA)
I1 I2 I3 I1 I2 I3 I
5 27.5 22.951 4.098 27 22 4 53
7 37.868 32.131 5.738 38 31 5 74
9 48.688 41.312 7.377 49 40 7 96

1.3.2.3 Series-Parallel circuit

 Calculation
Find individual voltage of resistance and current in circuit

12 − 𝑉1 − 𝑉2 = 0 12 − 𝐼𝑎(𝑅1 + 𝑅2) = 0
For KVL we get { ⇒{
𝑉3 + 𝑉4 − 6 = 0 𝐼𝑏𝑅3 + 𝐼𝑐𝑅4 − 6 = 0

For KCL we get Ia-Ib+Ic=0

12 − 𝐼𝑎(2.2 + 4.7) = 0 𝐼𝑎 = 1.123𝑚𝐴
Then we get the system of equation{ 1𝐼𝑏 + 3.3𝐼𝑐 − 6 = 0 ⇒ {𝐼𝑏 = 2.257𝑚𝐴
𝐼𝑎 − 𝐼𝑏 + 𝐼𝑐 = 0 𝐼𝑐 = 1.134𝑚𝐴

V1=IaR1=1.123×2.2=2.4706V
V2=IaR2=1.123×4.7=5.278V
V3=IbR3=2.257×1=2..257V
V4=Ic×R4=1.134×3.3=3.742V

4
 Voltage of the sources and the resistances

Voltage (V) Measured Voltage (V)

Vs = 10 10.08
V1 = 2.4706 2.49
V2 = 5.278 5.36
V3 =2.257 2.26
V4 =3.742 3.86

The current flow in each branch

Current (mA) DMM (mA)
Ia = 1.123 1.13
Ib = 2.257 2.25
Ic = 1.134 1.13

The value of each resistance

Resistance name Measured Value (kΩ)

R1 2.17
R2 4.67
R3 0.98
R4 3.36

1.4 Conclusion
According to the experiment we can verify the Kirchhoff’s voltage and current law and
the error of the value depend on the error of the resistance and the equipment.