\mƒ tXmdpw hf-cp∂ \h-bu-h\w

at\mPv Ipdq¿

Ip´n-°m-eØv Nn{X-I-Y-Ifmbn ]pcm-tW-Xn-lm-k-߃ hmbn-®n-cp-∂-t∏m-ƒ ap∂n-ep≈ \n›-

eamb hc-Iƒ ambpw. ]Icw \f-s‚bpw A¿÷p-\-s‚bpw `oa-s‚-bp-sams° ÿm\Øv a‰p Nne
Ne-\-Nn{X߃ sXfn-bpw. B IYm-]m-{X-߃s°ms° At∂ Ac-ßn¬ ]cn-Nn-X-am-bn-cp∂ IY-I-
fn-th-j-ß-fpsS cq]w. \mb-I-IYm-]m-{X-߃s°√mw ]®-th-j-Øn-ep≈ Iem-a-WvUew tKm]n-bpsS
Omb. cpIvamw-K-Z\pw [¿Ω-]p-{Xcpw `oa-\p-sa√mw Htc-sbm-cmƒ am{Xw; Iem-a-WvUew tKm]n! AXn-
\-∏p-dw, \S-t\Xv IYm-]m-{X-taXv F∂pIqSn Xncn-®-dn-bm-\m-hmØ B kw{`aw Fs∂-t∏m-se-Xs∂
a‰p ]ecpw A\p-`-hn-®n-´p-≠m-hpw. ]pcm-W-ß-fnse tZh-∑m-sc-∂-t]mse B thj-Øn\pw F∂pw
buh\w. Gsd ]Xn-‰m-≠p-Iƒ Ign™v C∂p ImWp-tºmgpw Imew B BW-g-Ins\ Xo≠n-bn-´n-√.
cq]-Øn-s\-∂-t]mse Ac-ßp-s]-cp-am-‰-Øn\pw Xnf°w IqSn-bn-´p-s≠-¶n-te-bp≈p. Iem-a-WvUew
tKm]n°p {]mbamIp-∂Xv tcJ-I-fn¬ am{Xw.
Xo¿®-bmbpw Iem-a-WvUew tKm]n am{X-am-bn-cp-∂n√ A∂p-I≠ IY-I-fn-\-S-∑m¿. Hcp Ime-
L-´s- Ø-sbm-∂msI apJ-Im-¥n-bpsS amkvac - n-IX
- s
- Im≠p Iog-S°- nb Iem-aW- vUew IrjvW≥ \mb-
cpw HuNn-Xy-Øns‚ Bƒcq-]-amb hmtg-¶S Ip©p-\m-bcpw ico-c-N-e-\-Øns‚ ebm-fl-I-hn-\ym-k-
Øn-eqsS \ho-\-am-sbmcp cwK-`m-j-sbm-cp°nb cma≥Ip´n \mbcpw at\m-[¿Ω-{]-I-S-\-߃°v Gsd
km[yX \evIn-bn-cp∂ am¶p-fhpw kz¥w cq]sØ AXnam-\p-j-amb as‰mcp cq]-Øn-te°p
]cmh¿Ø\w sNbvX ]≈n-∏pdw tKm]m-e≥ \mbcpw A∂p-Xs∂ {]i-kvX¿. As∂m∂pw \m´n-ep-
≠m-bn-cp-∂n-s√-¶nepw Iogv∏Sw Ipam-c≥ \mb-sct∏m-se-bp≈ {][m-\n-Iƒ thsd-bp-ap-≠v. F¶nepw
]®-th-j-Øns‚ {]mam-Wyhpw P\-{]o-Xn-bp-amWv am\-Z-WvU-sa-¶n¬, tIc-f-Ønse \m´n≥]p-d-ß-
fn¬ am{X-a-√, hntZ-ißfnepw IY-I-fn-bpsS ]cym-b-ambn-cp∂ IrjvW≥ \mb-cpsS Ime-ØmWv
tKm]n Ifn-b-c-ßnse \nd™ km∂n-[y-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂Xv F∂v FSp-Øp-]-d-tb-≠-Xp-≠v.
IY- I fn F∂ ¢m n- ° ¬ Ie- b nse hoc- \ m- b - I - ∑ mcnte°v B[p- \ nI a\p- j ys‚
kwL¿j߃ IqSn k∂n-th-in-∏n® \S-\m-bn-cp∂p IrjvW≥ \mb¿. `mh-sshhn[y-Øneq-∂nb
apJm-`n-\-bam-bn-cp∂p At±-l-Øns‚ Ie. AtX Ime-Øp-Xs∂ ebm-fl-I-amb ico-c-N-e-\-ß-fn-
eqsS IYIfn-bpsS kuµ-cy-im-kv{X-Øn\p ]pXnb am\-߃ \evIm≥ cma≥Ip´n \mb¿°pw Ign-
™p. F∂m¬ Ccp-h-cp-sSbpw {]k‡n AwKo-I-cn-®p-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ apJhpw ico-chpw tN¿∂ XnI-
hp≈ IYm-]m-{Xm-hn-jvImcw Ac-ßn¬ kw`-hn-®Xv tKm]n-bn-eq-sS-bm-sW∂v Iem-kzm-Z-I¿ At∂
hn[n-sb-gp-Xn. AXn-\-∏pdw as‰mcp Imcyhp-ap-≠v. IrjvW≥ \mb-cpsS `mh-ssh-hn-[y-Øn\p ]Icw
`mh-ka - {- K-Xb
- neq-∂nb apJm-`n-\b
- hpw cma≥Ip-´n-\m-bc - psS A\¿K-fa- mb ico-ch
- n-\ym-kØ
- n\p ]Icw
NSp-ehpw aµhp-amb thK-ß-fn-S-I-e¿∂ ico-c-{In-b-I-fp-amWv tKm]n Xmc-X-tay\ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-
Xv. Aßs\ IY-I-fn-bnse \mb-I-I-Ym-]m-{X-߃°v kzIo-b-amb Hc-c-ßp-`mj \n¿Ωn-°p-∂-Xn-
eqsS Cu Ie-bpsS ka-Im-en-I-amb ]cn-h¿Ø-\-Z-i-bnse G‰hpw {][m\ IÆn-bm-bn-Øo-cp∂p
Iem-a-WvUew tKm]n.
Iem-a-WvUew tKm]nsb hne-bn-cp-ØpI A{X Ffp-∏-a-√. Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p∂ IYm-]m-{X-ß-
fpsS kt¶-X-]c-amb IrXyX Hcp hi-Øv. {]W-bn-°p-Ibpw D∑mZw sIm≈p-Ibpw hne-]n-°p-I-bp-
sam-s°-s®-øp∂ IYm-]m-{X-ß-fpsS euIn-I-kz-`m-h-k-hn-ti-j-X-Iƒ adp-h-i-Øv. IYm-]m-{X-hp-ambn
XmZmflyw kw`-hn-®p-sh∂p t]mepw [cn-®p-t]m-Im-hp∂ A\p-`-h-Xo-{h-X-bnepw Ac-ßn-s\-°p-dn®pw
AXnse Ne-\-hn-\n-a-b-sØ-°p-dn-®p-ap≈ kºq¿W-amb t_m[yamWv tKm]n-bpsS Icp-Øv. kt¶-
X-_-≤-X-bp-sSbpw XmZm-flo-I-c-W-Øn-t‚-Xp-amb Bhn-jvIm-c-ssh-cp-≤ysØ Iem-a-WvUew tKm]n
A\m-bmkw ]cn-l-cn-°p-∂Xv AZv`p-X-I-c-am-Wv. am\p-jn-I-amb Ne-\-ßsf IY-I-fnbc-ßns‚ `mj-
bn-te°v Cu \S≥ hnh¿Ø\wsNøp-∂Xv A{X-ta¬ kzm`m-hn-I-am-bm-Wv.
Ccp-]Xmw \q‰m-≠nse IY-If - n-bpsS Ncn{Xw am‰n-sb-gp-Xnb ]´n-°m-s¥mSn cmhp-Æn-ta-t\ms‚
BZy-Im-e-in-jy-\mb tX°n≥Im-´n¬ cmhpÆn \mbcmWv Iem-a-WvUew tKm]n-bpsS BZy-Kp-cp-\m-
Y≥. F¶nepw AtX injy-]-c-º-c-bnse IÆn-I-fmb Iem-a-WvUew ]Zva-\m-`≥ \mbcpw Iem-a-
WvUew cma≥Ip´n \mbcpamWv tKm]n-bnse \Ss\ cq]-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xv. ]gb a´n-ep≈ IY-I-fn-b-
`ym-k-Øn\v Nne khn-ti-j-X-I-fp-≠v. hnZym¿∞n-Isf kmam-\y-ambn A`y-kn-∏n-°p-∂-Xns\m∏w
Ah-cntemtcm-cp-Ø-cp-sSbpw saøn-s‚bpw apJ-Øn-s‚bpw {]tXyI-X-Iƒ I≠-dn-™v, Ahsc ]mI-
s∏-Sp-Øn-sb-Sp-°p∂XmWv AXn-sem-∂v. CØ-c-Øn-semcp ]cn-N-cWw tKm]n°p e`n-®Xv ]Zva-\m-
`≥ \mb-cn¬\n-∂m-Wv. If-cn-bn-se-∂-t]mse Ac-ßØpw \Ss\ kzIo-b-amb cwK-{In-b-Iƒ°p
{]m]vX-\m-°pI F∂ [¿Ω-amhmw cma≥Ip´n \mb¿ \n¿h-ln-®-Xv. ]t£ tKm]n C°m-cy-Øn¬
Hcp-]Sn IqSn IS-°p-∂p. IY-I-fn-bpsS Bhn-jvIm-c-k-hn-ti-j-X-Iƒ \ne-\n¿Øp-∂-Xn-s\m-∏w-Xs∂
kz¥-amb Hc-`n-\-b-]-≤-Xn-IqSn At±lw cq]s∏-Sp-Øn-sb-Sp-°p-∂p-≠v. Ipd-®p-Imew Xp≈¬ F∂
Ie IqSn ]Tn-®n-´p-≈-XpsIm≠mhpw, Ac-ßnse ]e-Xcw hn\n-a-b-ßsf-°p-dn-®p-IqSn At±-lØn\p
kz¥-amb [mc-W-bp-≠v. CsXm-s°-bm-sW-¶nepw Cu Iem-Im-cs‚ {]Xn-`-bpsS LS-I-ßsf FÆn-
∏-dbp-∂Xp Iem-ku-µ-cysØ th¿Xn-cn®p hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse {ia-I-c-hp-am-Ip∂p.
tKm]n-bm-ims\ Hcp hy‡n-bmbpw \S-\mbpw IYm-]m-{X-ambpw amdn-amdn ImWm≥ {ian-
°p∂Xpw At±-l-Øns‚ Iesb Xncn-®-dn-bm≥ klm-bn-t®-°pw. s]s´∂v D’m-l-`-cn-X-\m-hp-Ibpw
AtX thK-Øn¬ tIm]n-°p-Ibpw k¶-S-s∏-Sp-Ibpw Benw-K\w sNbvXp kvt\lw {]I-Sn-∏n-°p-
Ibpw sNøp∂ B kz`m-hØ - n¬ Nne Imev]\ - n-Ia
- p-{Z-If
- p-≠v. kz¥w Ie \∂m-hW
- s
- a∂p am{Xap≈
At±lØns‚ {]m¿∞-\-bnepw AXp-≠v. IY-I-fn-ÿ-eØp hf-sc-t\-csØ At±-l-sa-Øpw. thj-
sam-cp-ßp-∂-Xn-\p≈ \njvI¿j {][m-\w. AXn-\n-S-bn¬ kwkm-cn-°p-∂-Xp-Xs∂ A]q¿hw. thjw
Xo¿s∂-gp-t∂‰v Ac-ßn-se-Øn-bm¬ At±lw A£-cm¿∞-Øn¬ as‰m-cm-fm-hpw. At±-l-tØmfw
apXn¿∂ kl-I-em-Im-c-∑m¿t]mepw Icp-X¬ ImWn-°p∂ hn[-Øn-ep≈ B cq]m-¥-c-{]m-]vXn-bn¬
]e-t∏mgpw AZv`p-X-s∏-´n-´p-≠v. Xs‚ Ah-X-c-WsØ {]Xn-Iq-e-ambn _m[n-t®-°p-sa∂p tXm∂p∂
F¥n-t\mSpw At±lw Akz-ÿX {]I-Sn-∏ns®∂p-an-cn°pw. F¶nepw kp`-K-amb Xs‚ thjw-sIm-
≠v, ssieo-`-{Z-amb Hcp \ne sIm≠v, amkva-cn-I-amb Hcp-t\m-´w-sIm≠v, NSp-e-amb Hcp ap{Z-sIm≠v
At±lw Ac-ßns\ Xs‚ hcp-Xn-bn-em-°pw. \S\pw IYm-]m-{X-hp-sam-∂m-Ip∂ XmZm-flo-Ic - WØnte-
°p-t]mepw At±-l-Øns‚ Ah-X-cWw sN∂p-tN¿s∂-∂p-an-cn-°pw.
IY-Ifn kt¶-X-{]-[m-\-amb Hcp Zriy-I-e-bm-W-s√m. temIkm-[m-c-W-amb a\pjymh-ÿ-
Isf Iemkt¶-X-ß-fn-eqsS Akm-[m-c-W-am-°n-Øo¿°p-I-sb-∂-XmWv Cu Ie-bpsS coXn. DS-ens‚
Hmtcm `mK-sØbpw thj-hn-[m-\-Øn-eqsS hep-∏-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn¬Øs∂ AXp-≠v. IYm-]m-{X-ß-
fpsS kw`m-j-W-Øns‚ ÿm\Øv ssIap-{Z-Ifpw AXn\p tNcp∂ ssieo-h-XvIr-X-amb DS¬h-Sn-
hp-I-fp-am-Wv. CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ Hcp Ie-bn¬ euIn-I-amb -hn-Im-c-ßfpw s]cp-am-‰-ßfpw Dƒt®¿°pI
{ia-I-c-am-Wv. IY-I-fn-bpsS Cu {]tXy-IX tNm¿∂p-t]m-Im-sX-Xs∂ euIn-I-amb hnIm-c-hn-Nm-c-
ßsf Bhn-jvI-cn-°p-∂-Xn-eqsS-bmWv Iem-a-WvUew tKm]n P\-{]n-b-\mb Iem-Im-c-\m-Ip-∂-Xv.
Iem-]-c-amb Cu kwL¿jsØ eLq-I-cn-°m\pw Bkzm-Z-\sØ sshIm-cn-I-amb kwth-Z-\-am-
°m\pw At±-l-Øn\p kz¥-amb Nne coXn-I-fp-≠v.
Ac-ßn¬ \f-N-cnXw c≠mw Znh-kw IY. h\m-¥-co-£w. cm{Xn-Im-ew. AXns‚ t]Sn-s∏-Sp-
Øp∂ hnP-\-Xbn¬ Za-b-¥nsb hn´p-t]m-Im-s\m-cp-ßp∂ \f-\mbn Iem-a-WvUew tKm]n. ap∂n¬
Ccp≠p I\Ø h¿Ø-am-\-Im-ew. k¶-S-߃, \n -lm-b-X-Iƒ. Ahsb Xzcn-∏n-°m-\mbn XnI-´n-h-
cp∂ Hm¿Ω-Iƒ, \Sp-°p∂ ImgvN-Iƒ, \c-I-Øn¬\n-s∂-∂-t]mse h∂p-t]m-Ip∂ H®-Iƒ. AI-
te°p ]m™p-t]m-I-W-sa∂p tXm∂p-∂p-sh-¶nepw AXp km[y-am-Ip-∂n-√. F¶nepw t]mIm-sX-h-
ø. as‰m-cm-{i-b-an-√m-sX, NqSp-sh-≈-Øm¬ \\-bv°-s∏´ Hcp ap√-h≈n thc-‰p-t]mb Hcp Im´p-]m-
gva-csØ B{i-bn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse, X∂n¬ am{Xw hniz-kn®p aSn-bn¬°n-S∂ {]nb-Xa At∏mgpw
DW¿∂n-´n-√. Ahsf Dt]-£n-°msX hø; Dt]-£n-°m\pw hø˛ Bh¿Øn-°-s∏-Sp∂ Pohn-Xk-
µ¿`ßfneqsS \f-N-cnXw \c-N-cn-XwXs∂bmIp-∂p. timIhpw \n -lm-b-X-bpw-sIm≠v D∑m-Z-tØm-
f-sa-Øp∂ CØcw A\p-`-h-ß-sf-bmWv tKm]n Ac-ßn¬ A\-iz-c-am-°m-dp-≈-Xv. Hcp ¢m n-°¬
Ie-bpsS kt¶-X-_-≤X At±-l-Øn\p ]cn-an-Xn-bm-hp-∂n√; ]Icw AXv A]m-c-amb km[y-X-bm-
hp-I-bmWp sNøp-∂-Xv. hn´pt]mIm\pw t]mIm-Xn-cn-°m-\pw km[yam-hmØ kwL¿j-Øn¬, ]Sn-]-
Sn-bmbn thK-X-IqSn, C\n apdp-Ip-hm-\m-hn√ F∂ a´n¬ I\Ø taf-Øns‚ ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬, ap∂n-
ep-d-ßp∂ {]nb-s∏-´-h-fn-te°pw A\n-›n-X-amb `mhn-bn-te°pw amdn-amdn D≈pw DS-ep-ap-e™v, HSp-
hn¬ IÆp-Iƒs]mØn HmSn-b-I-ep∂ Ien-_m-[n-X-\mb \f≥˛ \f-N-cn-X-Ønse th¿]m-Sns‚ Zmcp-
W-Xsb AXns‚ BXy-¥-X-I-fn-e-dn-b-W-sa-¶n¬ tKm]n-bpsS Ah-X-cWw ImW-Ww.
Ne-\-Øns‚ Ie-bmb IY-I-fnbn¬ Xmfw F∂ Iem-k-t¶-X-Øn\v henb ÿm\-ap≠v.
Akm-am-\y-amb Xmf-t_m-[-ap≈ \S-\mWv Iem-a-WvUew tKm]n. Xmf-_-≤-amb taf-sØbpw KoX-
sØbpw Xs‚ cwKm-hn-jv°m-c-]-≤-Xn°p ka¿∞-ambn D]-tbm-Kn-°m≥ tKm]nsb {]m]vX-\m-°p-
∂Xv Cu Xmf-t_m-[-am-Wv. h¿j-ß-tfmfw A`y-kn°pIbpw A`y-kn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ Nne
{]kn-≤-\-S-∑m¿°p-t]mepw Cu {]mY-an-I-t_m[w IjvSn-bm-sW∂p ImWp-tºmgmWv XmfØns‚bpw
AwK-Ne - \
- Ø- n-s‚bpw ]mc-kv]c- y-Øn-eq-∂nb kzIo-ba - mb cwK-`mj hnI-kn-∏n-s®Sp-°p∂ Cu \Ss‚
kn≤n-Iƒ t_m[y-s∏-Sp-I. Hcp Imcyw-Iq-Sn. taf-°msc ]co-£n-°p∂ ]pXnb Xmf-k-t¶-X-߃
\n¿Ωn-°p-∂Xns\m∂pw Ct±lw {ian-°m-dn-√. Acßp ad-°p∂ A`ym-k-{]-I-S-\-Øn-eqsS [q¿Ø-
Sn-°p-∂-Xn\pa√ Ct±lw Xmft_m[-sØ D-]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xv; ]Icw Xm\-h-X-cn-∏n-°p∂ IYm-]m-
{X-Øns‚bpw cwK-Øn-s‚bpw Ah-ÿ-Iƒ°-\p-kr-X-ambn ]c-º-cm-KXkt¶-X-ßsf kzIo-b-ambn
hymJym-\n-°p-∂-Xn-\m-Wv. AXm-bXv IY-I-fn-bnse Nn´-{]-[m-\-amb ]Xn-™-]-Z-ß-fntem CX-c-k-
t¶-X-ß-fntem At±lw kaq-e-amb ]cn-h¿Ø-\-ß-sfm∂pw hcp-Øp-∂n-√. ap{Zm-hn-\ym-k-ÿm-\-ß-
fnepw {]th-i-\n-jv{Im-a-{I-a-ß-fnepw Nn´-{]-[m-\-amb B-´-ß-fnepw If-cn-bn-e-\p-io-en® hg-°-
߃Xs∂ ]n¥p-S-cp-∂Xn¬ hn´p-ho-gvN-bp-an√. F¶nepw as‰m-∂p≠v; kt¶-X-{]-[m-\-amb Iem-LSI-
ßsf-Øs∂ angn-hp-‰-Xm-°m≥ Xs‚ Iem-]-c-amb hy‡n-k-Øsb Ah-bn-te°p k∂n-th-in-∏n-
°p∂ coXn-I-fmWv At±lw ]co-£n-°m-dp≈-Xv. IY-I-fn-°m¿ at\m-[¿Ω-sa-∂p ]d-bm-dp-≈-Xv, ]Z-
߃°p tij-tam aptºm D≈ B-´-Øn-se-Sp-°p∂ kzmX-{¥y-Øn\m-Wv. tKm]n-bpsS Ah-X-cWw
I≠m¬, D]-cn-π-h-amb Cu \nco-£WØn\p ]Icw AX-Xp- kt¶-X-ß-fn¬Øs∂ Iem-Im-cs‚
hy‡n-k-Ø-bpsS k∂n-th-i-\-sa∂ kp£vam¿∞-Øn-emWv B hm°ns\ ]cn-K-Wn-t°-≠-sX∂v
tXm∂pw.
DZm-l-c-W-ambn In¿Ωo-c-h-[w F∂ IYbnse BZy-cwKw t\m°p-I. NqXn¬tØm‰ [¿Ω-
]p-{Xcpw ]m©m-enbpw h\-Øn-se-Øp-Ib - m-Wh - n-sS. s\‰n apX¬ \Jw hsc s]m≈n-°p∂ th\¬®qSv.
hc≠ Im‰n¬ Db¿∂p-]d - °
- p∂ s]mSnsIm≠p taem-sI-aq-Snb \n -lm-bc - mb IYm-]m-{X-߃. {]th-
i-\-k-a-bØv ÿmbn-bmb timI-sa∂ hnIm-c-Øn-s\m∏w ITn-\-amb th\¬®q-Sp≈ h\m-¥-co-
£sØ°qSn Ah-X-cn-∏n-°m≥ tKm]n {]th-i-\-Øn-\m-bp≈ taf-Ønse DNn-X-amb ÿm\w Xnc-
s™-Sp-°p∂p. cq£hpw NSpe-hp-amb Hcp `mh-∏-I¿®bmW-hnsS. XpS¿∂p ho≠pw ÿmbn-bmb
timI-Øn-te-°v. AXn\p \n›-e-X-tbm-S-SpØ aµ-N-e-\-ß-fm-Wv. AXm-bXv taf-Øns‚ klm-b-
tØmsS ÿnc-ambn \nev°p∂ timI-`mhØn\p aµamb Ne-\-ßfpw h∂p-t]m-Ip∂ hnIm-c-߃°p
NSp-e-N-e-\-ßfpw \evIn-s°m≠v, hnhn-[-th-K-X-Isf {Ia-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-≠v, B cw-K-Øns‚ sshIm-
cn-IXsb At±lw \mS-Io-b-ambn ]p\¿\n¿Ωn-°p-∂p. CtX coXn-Xs∂ XpS¿∂p≈ kw`m-j-W-`m-
K-amb ]ZØns‚ Ah-X-c-W-Ønepw ImWmw.
as‰m∂v kp`-{Zm-l-c-Ww F∂ IY-bnse Hcp kµ¿`-am-Wv. Cu IY-bnse A¿÷p-\≥ {][m-
\-I-Ym-]m-{X-am-Ip∂ `mKw Ifn-b-c-ßn-te-°p aS-ßn-h-∂n´v A[n-I-Im-e-am-bn-´n-√. IY-I-fn-in-ev]-im-
e-I-fn-eqsS Bkzm-Z-I-cn¬ krjvSn-°-s∏´ \hy-amb Ah-t_m-[amWv Cu Xncn-®p-h-c-hn\p hgn-sbm-
cp-°n-bXv F∂p ]d-bm-dp-≠v. H∏w-Xs∂ {][m-\-amWv Imd¬a-Æ-bn¬ \S∂ cwKmh-X-cWw. A∂pw
]n∂oSp ]e-bn-SØ - p-ambn \S∂ Ac-ßp-If - n¬ A¿÷p-\\ - m-bn-h∂ Iem-aW - vUew tKm]n-bpsS D÷z-
e-amb {]I-S\hpwIqSn tN¿∂t∏mgmWv kt¶-X-{]-[m-\-amb Cu IYm`mK-Øn\v ]pXp-Po-h≥ e`n-
®Xv. B IY-bnse {]kn-≤-amb ame-bn-S¬cw-Kw-Xs∂ t\m°p-I. e÷, hn\-bw, `‡n, ]›m-Øm-
]w, AZv`pXw F∂n-ßs\ hnhn-[-`m-h-ßfpsS _mlp-ey-Øn-\n-S-bn¬t∏mepw a±-fhpw sN≠-bpsS
he-¥-ebpw D]-tbm-Kn-®p≈ lcw ]nSn-∏n-°p∂ taf-Øn¬ kzbw can-®p-sIm≠mWv {][m-\-`m-h-ß-
fmb cXnbpw D’mlhpw Ct±lw Bhn-jv°-cn-°p-∂-Xv. taf-Øns‚ {Ian-I-amb Ime-]-cn-Wm-ahpw
\Ss‚ Ne-\-ß-fnse eb-]-cn-Wm-ahpw Fßs\ ]c-kv]cw tN¿∂p-t]m-Ip-∂p-sh∂v A\p-`-hn-®p-
Xs∂ Adn-tb-≠n-h-cpw. kmt¶-Xn-I-ambn hnh-cn-°m≥ {]bm-k-ap≈ CØcw A\p-`-h-ß-fpsS Bhn-
jv°m-c-Øn¬ \Ss‚ hy‡n-k-Øbv°v henb {]m[m-\y-ap-≠v.
Ieym-W-ku-K-‘n-I-Ønse ‘]m©m-e-cm-P-X-\tb’, Ime-tI-b-h-[Ø - nse ‘ke-t÷m-lw’,
kp`-{Zm-lc - W - nse ‘IjvSw Rm≥ I]-Sw-sIm-≠’v , ‘IRvPZ- f
- Ø - t- em-Nt- \’, In¿Ωo-ch - nse ‘_mte
- Ø
- [
tIƒ \o’ XpS-ßn hnhn-[-`m-h-ß-fn-ep≈ ]Xn™ ]Z-ß-fpsS Ah-X-c-W-Ønepw Ct±lw ssIs°m-
≈p∂ A`n-\-b-]-≤Xnsb kmam-\y-h-Xv°-cn-°m-sa∂p tXm∂p-∂p. ÿmmbnbmb `mhw hnfw-_-e-b-
Øn¬ \ne-\n¿Øp-I, H∏w k©mco-`m-h-߃°v Ne-\-ß-fneqsS {ZpX-e-b-Øn-ep≈ NSp-eX \¬In
Ahbv°p £Wn-I-amb hnZyp¬{]-Imiw \evIp-I F∂-XmWv AXns‚ s]mXp-coXn. ‘]m©m-e-cm-P-
X-\tb’ F∂ ]Z-Ønse ]qt©m-e, Nmcp-]-h-\≥ F∂o ap{Z-Iƒ, ‘ke-t÷m-l-’Ønse Alw,
Aew-`m-hw, Pf-∑m¿, Oew F∂o ap{Z-Iƒ, ‘IjvSw Rm≥ I]-Sw-sIm≠v’ F∂-Xnse IjvSw, H´pw
F∂o ap{Z-Iƒ, ‘_mte tIƒ \o’ bnse Imfmw-_p-Z-cp-Nn, Ipkp-am-kvX-ctW F∂o `mK-߃ F∂n-
ßs\ DZm-l-c-W-߃ \ofp-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v ]Z-Øn¬Øs∂ Ime-]-cn-Wmaw hcp∂ `mK-ßfn¬
Ct±-l-Øns‚ A`n-\-b-Øn\v khn-ti-j-tim` ssIh-cp-∂p. Ime-tI-b-h-[-Ønse ‘P\I Xh Z¿i-
\m¬’ F∂ ]Z-Øn¬ AS¥ Xmf-Øns‚ H∂mw Ime-Øn¬\n∂v c≠mw Ime-Øn-te°p Ime-]-cn-
Wmaw hcpØn Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p∂ ‘IpSn-e-X-b-I-Xm-cn¬’ F∂ `mKsØ IpSn-e-X, Acn-]-S-ew, HSp-
°p-hm\mbn F∂o ap{Z-Iƒ {ZpX-e-b-hn-\ym-k-Øn-eqsS NSp-e-X-bpsS Xo£vW-tim-`-bm¿÷n-°p-∂Xv
A\-\y-amb A\p-`-h-am-Wv. \f-N-cnXw c≠mw Znh-k-Øn¬ kam-\-L-S-\-bp≈ ‘C{µm-Zn-Ifpw h∂p
he®p’ F∂ `mKhpw CØc-Øn-¬Øs∂ Ac-ß-\p-`-h-am-Ip-∂Xv Cu \Ss\ kw_-‘n®v kzm`m-
hn-Iwam{Xw.
]Z-Øn\p tijw Xmc-X-tay\ ]Xn™ Ime-Øn-ep≈ B-´-ßfn¬ Iem-a-fiew tKm]n-
bpsS taf-˛-e-b-t_m-[-Øn-eq-∂nb {]Xn-`-bpsS Xnf°w ImWmw. Ime-tI-b-h-[-Øn¬ A¿÷p-\s‚
amX-en-tbm-Sp≈ B´w t\m°p-I. ‘Fs‚ A—\p kpJw-X-s∂-b-t√’, ‘AΩbv°p kpJat√’, ‘]p{X-
\mb Pb-¥≥ kt¥m-jsØ sNøp-∂nt√’ F∂n-SØv Bh¿Øn-°p∂ ‘At√’ F∂ ap{Z Ct±lw
A`n-\-bn-°p-tºmƒ Xcw-K-kz-`m-h-Øn-ep≈Xpw Xpey-ssZ¿Ly-ap-≈-Xp-amb taf-J-WvU-߃°p kam-
¥-c-ambn AtX kz`m-hØnep≈ ap{Zm-hn-\ym-khpw ico-c-N-e-\-hpw \n¿h-ln-°p-∂XneqsS e`n-°p∂
cwK-tim-`bv°p kam-\-X-I-fn-√. a‰p-≈-h¿ A`n-\-bn-°p-∂-Xp-ambn kt¶-X-ß-fn¬ hyXym-k-an-s√-
¶nepw taf-hp-ambn tN¿∂p≈ ebm-fl-I-X-bmWv ChnsS {it≤-b-am-Ip-∂-Xv. Nn´-bn-eqsS kmam-\y-
h-Xv°-cn-°-s∏´ kt¶Xw eb-t_m-[-Øn-eq-∂nb hy‡n-k-Ø-sIm≠v angn-hp-‰-Xm-bn-Øo-cp-∂-XmWv
ChnsS A\p-`-h-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.
Xmf-Øns‚ a[y-a˛-{Zp-X-Im-e-ß-fn-ep≈ Ah-X-c-W-`m-K-ß-fn¬ Cu coXn Iptd-°qSn kv]jvS-
am-Wv. kmt¶-Xn-I-ambn Ab™ LS-\-bp≈ ]Z-߃t]mepw CØ-c-Øn¬ ssieo-h-Xv°-cn-°-s∏-
Sp-∂p. H∏w hy‡n-K-X-amb at\m-[¿Ωkm[y-X-Ifpw IqSp-X¬ kzX-{¥-ambn D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p.
\f-N-cnXw c≠mw Znh-k-Ønse ‘ZbntX \o tIƒ’ t]mse a[y-a-Im-e-Øn-ep≈ Nne ]Z-ß-fpsS
Cc-´n-sb-Sp-°p-tºmƒ Hcp \n›-e-X-bv°p-tijw NSp-e-amb Hcp Ne-\-Øn-eqsS IcWw ]q¿Øn-bm-
°p-∂Xv DZm-l-cWw. Chn-sSbpw kw`-hn-°p-∂Xv eb]cn-Wm-aw-X-s∂. ]Z-a-[y-Øn-ep≈ Iem-i-ß-
fn¬ NSp-e-amb Hcp Ne-\-Øn\p tijw \n›-e-amb Nne ico-c-\n-e-I-fn-te-s°-Øp-∂Xv t\¿hn-]-
co-X-Zn-i-bn-ep≈ eb-]-cn-Wm-a-Øn\pw DZm-l-c-W-am-Ip-∂p. NSp-e-amb Ne-\-ßsf s]s´∂p \n›-e-
am-°pI, \n›-e-amb \nebn¬\n∂p {ZpX-N-e-\-ß-fn-tes°ØpI F∂n-ßs\ AwK-N-e-\-Øn¬
hcp-Øp∂ eb-hn-\ym-k-߃ Iem-a-WvUew tKm]nsb P\-{]n-b-am-°p∂ thj-ß-fn¬ Bh¿Øn®p
{]tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp∂ Iem-X-{¥-am-Wv. \f-N-cn-Xw, I¿W-i-]Yw XpS-ßnb IY-I-fnse \mS-Io-b-ap-
lq¿Ø-ß-fn-¬ Ch-bpsS kar≤n ImWmw. ap{Z-I-fpsS Imcy-Øn-ep-ap≠v CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ eb]-cn-
Wma-߃. AXm-bXv ap{ZI-fpsS XpS-°Ø - n¬\n∂p HSp-°Ø - n-se-Øp-tºmƒ thK-Xbv°p hyXymkw
hcp∂p. ap{Z-bpsS A¥y-`m-K-Øn\p IqSp-X¬ angnhp e`n-°p-∂p. kwkm-c-`m-j-bn-ep-≠m-Ip∂ kzc-
t`-Z-߃t]mse Ah-bpsS Ne\w IqSp-X¬ \mS-Io-b-am-Ip-∂p. P\-{]n-b-amb IY-I-fn¬ am{X-a-√,
Nn´-{]-[m-\-amb IY-I-fnepw Cu coXn-Iƒ At±lw k∂n-th-in-∏n-°p∂p F∂-XmWp IuXp-I-I-c-
amb Imcyw. ]Zw ]mSp∂ ka-bØv Hmtcm hm°pw D®-cn-°p∂ ka-b-Øp-Xs∂ AXns‚ ap{Z apgp-
an-∏n-°p∂Xn-\p≈ {i≤-bmWp as‰m∂v. Nn´-{]-[m-\-amb IY-I-fnse CX-c-I-em-k-t¶-X-߃ P\-
{]n-b-I-Y-I-fn¬ CW-°n-t®¿°p-∂-Xn-\p-ap≠v Gsd DZm-l-c-W-߃. AØ-c-Øn¬ IY-I-fn-bnse
Cu c≠p [mc-I-sfbpw IqSp-X¬ tN¿Øp-\n¿Øm\pw Iem-a-WvUew tKm]n-°m-hp-∂p.
khn-ti-j-amb Ne-\-Zr-iy-ßfpw \n›-e-Zr-iy-ßfpw krjvSn-°m-\p≈ IuXp-I-amWv tKm]n-
bpsS cwKm-h-X-c-W-߃°p≈ as‰mcp khn-ti-j-X. Cß-s\-bp≈ ÿe-ß-fn¬ ]Zm¿∞m-`n-\-b-
sa∂ \rXy-[¿Ω-Øn-\mWv Ct±lw {]m[m\yw \¬Ip-∂-Xv. \f-N-cnXw aq∂mw Znh-k-Ønse ‘Cµp-
aueolmcta’ F∂ `mKsØ \mK-`q-jn-X-\mb \S-cm-Ps‚ Zriy-h-Xv°-c-W-Øn¬ CXmWp ImWp-
I. \f-N-cnXw H∂mw Znh-k-Øn¬ \mc-Z-t\m-Sp≈ ‘hc-sh-ßp-\n-∂n-t∏mƒ’ F∂ `mKØv hoW-ao-´n-
h-cp∂ \mc-Zs‚ hchv hni-Zmw-i-ß-tfmsS Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-tºmƒ kwKo-X-sØ-Øs∂ At±lw Zriy-
h-XvI-cn-°p∂p. CtX ]Z-Ønse ‘lcn-a-µn-c-Øn¬\nt∂m’ F∂ `mKØv hnhn-[-th-K-X-bn-ep≈ Ne-
\-߃ {Ia-ambn ASp-°p-∂Xp ImWmw. ‘kap{Zw’ F∂ ap{Z-bnse Xnc-b-Sn-°-ens‚ thK-X-bn¬\n∂v
‘k¿∏w’ F∂ ap{Z-bpsS aµ-N-e-\-Øn-te°pw XpS¿∂v ‘ib\w’ F∂ ap{Z-bpsS \n›-e-X-bn-te°pw
\oßp-∂Xv tKm]n-bpsS eb-hn-\ym-k-t_m-[-Øns‚ DØ-tam-Zm-l-c-W-am-Wv. In¿Ωo-c-h-[-Ønse
‘_mte tIƒ \o’ F∂ ]√-hn-sb-Øp-S¿∂p≈ Cf-In-bm-´-Øn¬ ‘IjvSw’, ‘C{]-Im-cw’, ‘F√mw’
F∂o ap{Z-Iƒ°p≈ AwK-N-e-\-Ønepw taf-Ønepw hnfw-_-a-[y-a-{Zp-X-e-b-ß-fpsS {Ia-amb
taf\amWp-≈-sX-t∂m¿°mw. AXm-bXv CØcw ]co-£-W-ß-fn¬ Cu \S≥ amXr-I-bm-°p-∂Xv
IY-I-fn-bpsS B¥-cn-I-k-Ø-bn-eq-∂nb tIm´bw IY-I-sf-bm-Wv.
\of-Ønepw Xq°-Ønepw ]e Afhp-If - n-ep≈ ap{Zm-hn-\ymkw Cu ebm-flI - X
- t- bmSp tN¿∂p-
t]m-Ip-∂p. cp‹mw-K-Z-N-cn-X-Øns‚ A¥y-cwKw Iem-a-WvUew tKm]n Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂Xv DZm-l-
cWw. AhnsS tamln-\n, aSn-bn¬°n-S-°p∂ ]p{X≥, ssIbn-en-cn-°p∂ hmƒ F∂n-hsb hnhn-[-`m-
h-ß-fn¬ amdn-amdn t\m°p-Ibpw AXns‚ Ime-ssZ¿Lyw {Ia-ambn Ipd-®p-sIm≠p hcn-Ibpw
sNøp∂p. \f-N-cnXw c≠mw Znh-k-Ønse th¿]m-Sn¬ ImSv, Za-b-¥n, Xm≥ F∂n-ßs\ amdn-am-dn-
°m-Wp-∂Xpw Cßs\X-s∂. {]£p-_v[-hn-Im-c-ß-fpsS kwL¿jw- \n-d™ cwK-k-µ¿`-ß-fn-emWv
kmt¶-Xn-I-amb Cu ssieo-h-XvI-cWw Ft∂m¿°p-I!
kmam\yw Xmf-t_m-[-ap≈ \S-∑mcpw taf-°mcpw ]e-Xcw KXn-I-fpsS {]tbm-K-Øn-emWv
]e-t∏mgpw sshZKv[yw {]Z¿in-∏n-°p-I. ]ecpw Iem-i-ß-fnepw a‰pw ]e a´n-ep≈ KXn-t`-Z-߃
D]-tbm-Kn-°m-dp-≠v. F∂m¬ \mb-I-ÿm-\-ap≈ IYm-]m-{X-ß-fpsS Ah-X-c-W-Øn¬ ]e-t∏mgpw
\ne ad-°p-∂ Ah-ÿ-bn-te°v Cu KXn-{]-tbmKw Xcw-XmWp t]mIm-dp-ap≠v. Chn-sSbpw amXr-I-
bm-°m-hp-∂Xv Iem-a-fiew tKm]nsb-Ø-s∂. Ct±lw KXn-t`-Z-ß-fp-]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xv \rØ-{]-[m-
\-amb kµ¿`-ß-fn¬ am{X-am-Wv. \f-N-cnXw c≠mw Znh-k-Ønse ‘Zbn-tX’-bn¬ ‘F∂p ]d™p
ad™p kJm’ F∂ `mKØv IrXy-\n¿h-l-W-Øn¬ kwXr-]vX-\mb lwk-Øns‚ aS-ßn-t∏m-I¬
{Xy{i-K-Xn-bn¬ Xmf-tØm-Sn-S-™p≈ {]tXyINe-\-ß-fn-eqsS Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂Xp ImWmw.
km[m-c-W-amb Hcp Bi-b-sØ-t∏mepw ssieoh-Xv°-cn-°m≥ Cu \S≥ Iem-k-t¶-X-ßsf
F{X-tØmfw D]-tbm-Ks - ∏-Sp-Øp∂p F∂p kqNn-∏n-°m≥ Cu DZm-lc - W
- ß
- ƒ aXn-bm-Ip-sa∂p tXm∂p-
∂p. A-c-ßn-s\-°p-dn®p≈ Pm{K-X-bmWv inYn-e-L-S-\-bp≈ `mK-߃t]mepw ssieo-h-Xv°-cn-®p
angn-hp-‰-Xm-°m≥ Ct±-l-Øn\p t{]c-W-bm-Ip-∂-Xv. thj-sam-cp-ßp-∂-Xn¬ apX¬ cwtKm-]-I-c-W-ß-
ƒ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xn¬-hsc C{X-tØmfw kq£va-X-bp≈ \S-∑m¿ Ipd-bpw. Ah-cn¬Øs∂ Bkzm-
Z-Isc hcp-Xn-bn-em-°p-Ibpw ]nSn-®p-ebv°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ am{¥n-I-kn≤n-bp≈-h¿ AXy-]q¿hw.
\mb-I-th-j-ßfpsS Ah-X-c-W-Øn¬ IY-I-fn-bpsS ka-Im-en-Im-h-ÿ-bn¬ {][m\ÿm\w Iem-a-
WvUew tKm]n°mhp-∂Xv C°m-c-W-߃sIm-≠m-Wv.
]®-th-j-߃ am{X-a-√, IoN-I-h-[-Ønse IoN-I≥, DØ-cm-kz-bw-h-c-Ønse Zptcym-[-\≥,
_men-hn-P-b-Ønse cmh-W≥ XpS-ßnb IØn-th-j-ßfpw k¥m-\-tKm-]m-e-Ønse {_m“-W≥,
koXm-kz-bw-h-c-Ønse ]c-ip-cm-a≥ XpS-ßnb an\p-°p-th-j-ßfpw XpSßn _men-h[-Ønse _men
F∂ XmSn-thjw-hsc tKm]n-bm-im≥ Ah-X-cn-∏n®p I≠n-´p-≠v. At±-l-Øns‚ Ac-ßp-Iƒ°p Iq´p-
th-j-ßfneqsS angn-hp-\-evInb alm-\-S-∑m-sc-∏-‰nbpw Hm¿°m-sX-h-ø. Iem-a-WvUew IrjvW≥
\mbcpsS \fs\m-∏-ap≈ tKm]n-bpsS ]pjvIc≥ AØ-c-Øn-sem-∂m-Wv. tKm]n-bm-ims‚ \f\pw
_mlp-I-\p-sam∏w DÆm-bn-hm-cy-cpsS Za-b-¥nsb \ho-\-cw-K-hym-Jym-\-ß-tfmsS Ac-ßn-se-Øn®
tIm´-bv°¬ inh-cm-a-\mWp as‰m-cmƒ. tKm]n-bm-ims‚ Kpcp-\m-Y∑m-cmb cma≥Ip´n \mbcpw ]Zva-
\m-`≥ \mbcpw At±-l-Øn-s\m∏w Gsd thZn-Iƒ ]¶n-´n-´p-≠v. Ac-ßn¬\n∂p ad-s™-¶nepw Hm¿Ω-
bn¬\n∂p ambmØ Ch-cpsSsb√mw A\p-{K-lm-in- p-Ifpw F¨]Xmw ]nd-∂mƒ BtLm-jn-°p-
∂ Cu \mfp-I-fn¬ tKm]n-bm-im-s\m∏w D≠m-hm-sX-h-ø. Iem-a-WvUew tKm]n C\nbpw Gsd-
°mew CtX bph-Xz-tØmsS cwKØp XpS-tc-≠Xp≠v. AXv Cu Ie-bp-sS-Xs∂ Bh-iy-am-Wv.
AXn\p Iem-{]-h¿Ø-Icpw Bkzm-Z-I-cp-a-S-ßnb tIc-f-Ønse Iem-tem-I-tØmsSm∏w Rm\pw ]nd-
∂mfmiw-k-Iƒ t\cp-∂p.

tUm. at\mPv Ipdq¿