CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTEMNT – KFUPM

CE 203

Mechanics of Materials

First Semester-162

KEY SOLUTIONOF HW#12

Solution

1)
𝜎𝑥 + 𝜎𝑦 𝜎𝑥 − 𝜎𝑦 2
𝜎1,2 = ± √( ) + (𝜏𝑥𝑦 )2
2 2

𝜎𝑥 + 𝜎𝑦 𝜎𝑥 − 𝜎𝑦 2
𝜎1 = 25 = + √( ) + (−40)2 (1)
2 2

𝜎𝑥 + 𝜎𝑦 𝜎𝑥 − 𝜎𝑦 2
𝜎2 = −75 = − √( ) + (−40)2 (2)
2 2
Adding the Two Equations NO (1) and NO (2)
⇒ −50 = 𝜎𝑥 + 𝜎𝑦 ⇒ 𝜎𝑦 = −50 − 𝜎𝑥 (3)
Replace Equations NO (3) in Equations NO (1)

−50 𝜎𝑥 + 50 + 𝜎𝑥 2
⇒ 𝜎1 = 25 = + √( ) + (−40)2
2 2
2𝜎𝑥 + 50 2 2𝜎𝑥 + 50
⇒ 2500 = ( ) + 1600 ⇒ 30 =
2 2
⇒ 𝜎𝑥 = 5 𝑀𝑝𝑎
⇒ 𝜎𝑦 = −50 − 5 = −55 𝑀𝑝𝑎
2)

𝜽 = 𝟑𝟎𝒐 (𝒊. 𝒆. , 𝜽𝒙′ = +𝟑𝟎𝒐 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝜽𝒚′ = +𝟏𝟐𝟎𝒐

𝜎𝑥 + 𝜎𝑦 𝜎𝑥 − 𝜎𝑦
𝜎𝑥 ′ = +( ) 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝜃 + 𝜏𝑥𝑦 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝜃
2 2
5 − 55 5 + 55
⇒ 𝜎𝑥 ′ = +( ) 𝑐𝑜𝑠60 + (−40)𝑠𝑖𝑛60
2 2
⇒ 𝜎𝑥′ = −25 + 15 − 34.641 = −44.64 𝑀𝑝𝑎

𝜎𝑥 + 𝜎𝑦 𝜎𝑥 − 𝜎𝑦
𝜎𝑦 ′ = −( ) 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝜃 − 𝜏𝑥𝑦 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝜃
2 2
5 − 55 5 + 55
⇒ 𝜎𝑦 ′ = −( ) 𝑐𝑜𝑠60 − (−40)𝑠𝑖𝑛60
2 2
⇒ 𝜎𝑦 ′ = −25 − 15 + 34.641 = −5.36 𝑀𝑝𝑎

𝜎𝑥 − 𝜎𝑦
𝜏𝑥 ′ 𝑦 ′ = − 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝜃 + 𝜏𝑥𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝜃
2
5 + 55
⇒ 𝜏𝑥 ′ 𝑦 ′ =− 𝑠𝑖𝑛60 + (−40)𝑐𝑜𝑠60
2
⇒ 𝜏𝑥 ′ 𝑦 ′ = −26 − 20 = −46 𝑀𝑝𝑎

3)

𝜎𝑥 − 𝜎𝑦 2
𝜏𝑚𝑎𝑥 = √( ) + (𝜏𝑥𝑦 )2
2

5 + 55 2
⇒ 𝜏𝑚𝑎𝑥 = √( ) + (−40)2
2
⇒ 𝜏𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 50 𝑀𝑝𝑎
(𝜎𝑥 − 𝜎𝑦 )⁄2 (5 + 55)⁄2
𝑡𝑎𝑛2𝜃𝑠2 = − =− = 0.75
𝜏𝑥𝑦 (−40)
⇒ 2𝜃𝑠2 = 36.87𝑜
⇒ 𝜃𝑠2 = 18.435𝑜
Solution

a)

𝜃 = 20𝑜 (𝑖. 𝑒. , 𝜃𝑥′ = +20𝑜 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝜃𝑦′ = +110𝑜

𝜎𝑥 + 𝜎𝑦 𝜎𝑥 − 𝜎𝑦
𝜎𝑥 ′ = +( ) 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝜃 + 𝜏𝑥𝑦 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝜃
2 2
−15 + 30 −15 − 30
⇒ 𝜎𝑥 ′ = +( ) 𝑐𝑜𝑠40 + (5)𝑠𝑖𝑛40
2 2
⇒ 𝜎𝑥′ = +7.5 − 17.236 + 3.214 = −6.522 𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝜎𝑥 + 𝜎𝑦 𝜎𝑥 − 𝜎𝑦
𝜎𝑦 ′ = −( ) 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝜃 − 𝜏𝑥𝑦 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝜃
2 2
−15 + 30 −15 − 30
⇒ 𝜎𝑦 ′ = −( ) 𝑐𝑜𝑠40 − (5)𝑠𝑖𝑛40
2 2
⇒ 𝜎𝑦 ′ = +7.5 + 17.236 − 3.214 = +21.522 𝑀𝑝𝑎
 𝜎𝑥 − 𝜎𝑦
𝜏𝑥 ′ 𝑦 ′ = − 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝜃 + 𝜏𝑥𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝜃
2
−15 − 30
⇒ 𝜏𝑥 ′ 𝑦 ′ =− ( ) 𝑠𝑖𝑛40 + (5)𝑐𝑜𝑠40
2
⇒ 𝜏𝑥 ′ 𝑦 ′ = 14.463 + 3.83 = +18.293 𝑀𝑝𝑎
b)
𝜎𝑥 + 𝜎𝑦 𝜎𝑥 − 𝜎𝑦 2
𝜎1,2 = ± √( ) + (𝜏𝑥𝑦 )2
2 2

−15 + 30 −15 − 30 2
𝜎1 = √
+ ( ) + (5)2 (1)
2 2
⇒ 𝜎1 = +7.5 + 23.05
⇒ 𝜎1 = +30.55 𝑀𝑝𝑎
⇒ 𝜎2 = +7.5 − 23.05 = −15.55 𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝜏𝑥𝑦 5 5
𝑡𝑎𝑛2𝜃𝑝2 = = =− = −0.2222
(𝜎𝑥 − 𝜎𝑦 )⁄2 (−15 − 30)⁄2 22.5
2𝜃𝑝2 = −12.53
⇒ 𝜃𝑝2 = −6.26𝑜 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝜃𝑝1 = −96.26𝑜
Solution
a) & b)
𝜎𝑥 + 𝜎𝑦 40 − 20
𝜎𝑎𝑣 = = = 10 𝑀𝑝𝑎
2 2
Coordinates of reference point A & C: A (40,-40), C (10,0);

𝑅 = 𝐶𝐴 = √(40 − 10)2 + (−40)2 = 50 𝑀𝑝𝑎

𝜎1 = 10 + 50 = 60 𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝜎2 = −(50 − 10) = −40 𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝜏𝑥𝑦 −40
𝑡𝑎𝑛2𝜃𝑝1 = = = −1.333 ⇒ 2𝜃𝑝1 = −53.1𝑜 ⇒ 𝜃𝑝1 = −26.57𝑜
(𝜎𝑥 − 𝑂𝐶) (40 − 10)
C)
𝜃 = 53.1𝑜 − 40 = 13.1𝑜

𝜎𝑥′ = 𝑂𝐶 + 𝐶𝐴 cos(13.1𝑜 ) = 10 + 50 cos(13.1𝑜 ) = 58.7 𝑀𝑝𝑎

𝜏𝑥′𝑦 ′ = −𝐶𝐴 𝑠𝑖𝑛 (13.1𝑜 ) = −50 𝑠𝑖𝑛 (13.1𝑜 ) = −11.33 𝑀𝑝𝑎

𝜎𝑦 ′ = −[𝑅 cos(13.1𝑜 ) − 𝑂𝐶 ] = −[50 cos(13.1𝑜 ) − 10] = −38.7 𝑀𝑝𝑎

Solution
a) & b)
𝜎𝑥 + 𝜎𝑦 30 − 40
𝜎𝑎𝑣 = = = −5 𝑀𝑝𝑎
2 2
Coordinates of reference point A & C: A (30,-50), C (-5,0);

𝑅 = 𝐶𝐴 = √(30 + 5)2 + (−50)2

⇒ 𝑅 = 61.033 𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝜎1 = −5 + 61.033 = 56.033 𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝜎2 = −(61.033 + 5) = −66.033 𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝜏𝑥𝑦 −50
𝑡𝑎𝑛2𝜃𝑝1 = =
(𝜎𝑥 − 𝑂𝐶 ) (30 + 5)
= −1.4286
⇒ 2𝜃𝑝1 = −55𝑜 ⇒ 𝜃𝑝1 = −27.5𝑜
Show the principle stresses using their
values and 𝜃𝑝1 , like in the previous problem
C)
𝜏𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝑅 = ±61.033 𝑀𝑝𝑎 2𝜃𝑠1 = 90 − 2𝜃𝑝1 = 35𝑜 ⇒ 𝜃𝑠1 = 17.5𝑜

D)

𝜽 = 𝟑𝟎𝒐 (𝒊. 𝒆. , 𝜽𝒙′ = +𝟑𝟎𝒐 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝜽𝒚′ = +𝟏𝟐𝟎𝒐

𝜎𝑥′ = −[𝐶𝐴 cos(65𝑜 ) + 𝑂𝐶 ]

⇒ 𝜎𝑥′ = −[61.033 cos(65𝑜 ) + 5]

⇒ 𝜎𝑥′ = −30.79 𝑀𝑝𝑎

𝜎𝑦 ′ = [𝐶𝐴 cos(65𝑜 ) − 𝑂𝐶 ]

⇒ 𝜎𝑦 ′ = [61.033 cos(65𝑜 ) − 5]

⇒ 𝜎𝑦 ′ = +20.794 𝑀𝑝𝑎

𝜏𝑥′𝑦 ′ = −𝐶𝐴 sin(65𝑜 )

⇒ 𝜏𝑥′𝑦 ′ = −61.033 sin(65𝑜 )

⇒ 𝜏𝑥′𝑦 ′ = −55.315 𝑀𝑝𝑎