MALAYAN COLLEGES MINDANAO

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE

ME115 – REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS DESIGN PROJECT

April 9, 2021

SUBMITTED BY:

Dequito, Baby Janlo F.

Cainglet, Kent Xavier H.

SUBMITTED TO:

Engr. Rhizhail D. Cabalse, MSME

College of Engineering and Architecture

Table of Contents

1. Introduction....................................................................................................3
2. Parts of the System.......................................................................................5
2.1. Compressor.............................................................................................5
2.2. Condenser...............................................................................................6
2.3. Expansion Valve......................................................................................8
2.4. Evaporator...............................................................................................8
3. Assumptions, Equations, and Solutions........................................................9
3.1. Assumptions............................................................................................9
3.2. Cooling Load...........................................................................................9
3.2.1. Transmission Load............................................................................9
3.2.2. Product Load (Product Exchange)..................................................11
3.2.3. Product Load (Product Respiration)...............................................13
3.2.4. Internal Load...................................................................................14
3.1.5. Equipment Load (Evaporator Fans)................................................15
3.3 Theoretical Solution................................................................................16
4. Conclusion...................................................................................................18
5. References...................................................................................................19
1. Introduction
Food preservation has been used by people for ages. Without food

preservation, food spoilage can happen, rendering food to be inedible. Food

can be preserved through many ways, one of which is using the method of

freezing. In cold places in the world, food preservation through freezing is very

important especially during wintertime. It is because it assures a supply of

food when the people are not able to gather or hunt food during the harsh

wintertime. It is also important to preserve food in low temperatures to prevent

the growth of microorganisms which causes spoilage.

The designers will try to design a refrigeration system for a refrigerator

which can hold produce with the following parameters:

Every week, a new batch of produce will be added to the refrigerator

with the following parameters:

2. Parts of the System

2.1. Compressor

The compressor chosen by the designers was a Danfoss B25G which

uses the Refrigerant 134A. it is a light reciprocating compressor its design

specifications shown in the figure below.

 The cooling load of the refrigeration system was determined by the

designers and its calculation can be seen on chapter 3.1. Refrigeration is

assumed to be done on a small-scale refrigerator which has a cooling load of

0.087 kW. The cooling load is then used to determine the approporiate
compressor. Using the graph and table below, we have determined the

evaporating and condensing temperature which are -15 ℃ and 40.83 ℃.

These parameters were then used to determine the COP of the refrigeration

system.

2.2. Condenser

The condenser chosen by the designers was a model Optyma™, OP-

MCGC003TLA04G 114X0107
 This is the graph that we used in the condensing unit can be seen on

the next page.

2.3. Expansion Valve

The expansion valve chosen by the designers was a model Electric

expansion valve, AKVH 10-0 068F4088.

2.4. Evaporator

A 100 W small evaporator was used in this design since the cooling

load is calculated to be 87 W. There are constraints in the design due to the

small cooling load therefore the designers chose to place the said evaporator
since it is close to the calculated cooling load. The evaporator design can be

seen on the next page.

3. Assumptions, Equations, and Solutions

3.1. Assumptions

In this design it is assumed that the insulation used is polyurethane due

to its good properties for refrigeration. The ambient, inside, floor, and product

entering temperatures were also assumed as well as the duration, area of the

refrigeration room, wattage of lights, and evaporator fan motors.

The product respiration heat and specific heat capacity were taken

from external studies.

3.2. Cooling Load

3.2.1. Transmission Load

Q transmission=UA ∆ T

kWh
Where, Q transmission=transmissionheat load ( )
day

U =U value of theinsulating material

( mWK )
2

∆ T =ambient air temprature−inside air temperature (℃ )

Given:

Insulation: Polyurethane 80 mm thick

Floor temperature = 10 ℃

Ambient air temperature = 29.5 ℃

Internal air temperature = 2.5 ℃

Floor area = (0.73 m)2 = 0.53 m2

Wall & roof area = 4 (0.73 m) (1.57 m) + (0.73 m) 2 = 5.12 m2

Solution:

For wall & roof:

 W
(
Q transmission= 0.28 ( 0.53 m2 ) (29.5 ℃ −2.5℃ ) 24 hrs . =928.973 W ∙ h
) ( )
2
m K day day

For floor:

W
(
Q transmission= 0.28 ( 0.53 m2 ) (10 ℃ −2.5℃ ) 24 hrs . =26.712 W ∙h
) ( )
2
m K day day

3.2.2. Product Load (Product Exchange)

Q∏ , ex=m C p ∆ T

Where, Q product =product exchange heat load ( kWh

day )

C p=specific heat capacity of the product ( kgkJ∙ ℃ )

∆ T = product entering temperature−inside air temperature ( ℃ )

Given:

Weekly mass:
Specific heat:

Lettuce 4.02
Oranges 3.777
Potato 3.43
Apples 3.64
Broccoli 3.85
Cabbages 3.94
Corn 2.01

Entering temperature = 5 ℃

Internal air temperature = 2.5 ℃

Answers:

Product Q
Lettuce 0
Orange 0
Potato 5.1042x10-4
Apple 0
Broccoli 1.9097x10-4
Cabbage 1.9522x10-4
Corn 4.9851x10-4
Total 1.39534x10-3

3.2.3. Product Load (Product Respiration)

Q∏ , res =mW

Where, Q ∏ , res =product respiration heat load ( kWh

day )

m=mass of product ∈storage ( kg )

 W =product respiration heat ( kJkg )

Given:

Answers:
 kWh
∴ TOTALPRODUCT LOAD=0.00139 534+0.1300 7 52=0.13139
day

3.2.4. Internal Load

Q∫ ,light=nlight Plight t

Where, Q∫ ,light=internal heat load of the lighting fixtures ( kWh

day )

nlight =number of lighting fixtures

Plight =wattage of lighting fixtures(W )

t=refrigerator duration of use ( min . ) ∙ number of ×opened per day

Given:
Solution:

3.1.5. Equipment Load (Evaporator Fans)

Q equip ,fans =n fans P fans t

Where, Q equip ,fans =equiment heat load of evaporator fans ( kWh

day )

n fans=number of fans

Pfans =fanmotor wattage (W )

 t=duration of fanuse ( hrs . )

Given:

n fans=2

hrs .
Pfans =12W t=24
day

Solution:

hrs . Wh
(
Q= (2 ) 24
day )( 12W )=576
day

3.3 Theoretical Solution

4. Conclusion
Based on the solved COP, the COP of the system surpasses the COP

represented by the compressor graph as seen below. COP in the graph was

calculated through interpolation of the condensing temperature ( and capacity

at -15 ℃. The designers can then conclude that the system is effective.

5. References
Whirlpool. (2019, December 03). Refrigerator sizes: The guide to measuring

for fit. Retrieved April 09, 2021, from

https://www.whirlpool.com/blog/kitchen/guide-to-refrigerator-sizes-

dimensions.html

Roger Schmidt Roger Schmidt had a B.S. in Chemistry and an MBA from

Indiana University and had retired in 2009 from K-FLEX USA after
 working in research and development and marketi, & Schmidt, R. (2017,

June 09). Types of insulation for refrigeration applications. Retrieved

April 09, 2021, from https://insulation.org/io/articles/types-of-insulation-

for-refrigeration-applications/

Specific heat of food and foodstuff. (n.d.). Retrieved April 09, 2021, from

https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/specific-heat-capacity-food-

d_295.html

Technical data sheet (B25G). (n.d.). Retrieved from

https://lightcommercialrefrigeration.danfoss.com/

114X0107. (n.d.). Retrieved April 09, 2021, from

https://store.danfoss.com/en/Climate-Solutions-for-cooling/Condensing-

Units/Optyma%E2%84%A2/Optyma%E2%84%A2%2C-OP-

MCGC003TLA04G/p/114X0107

068f4088. (n.d.). Retrieved April 09, 2021, from

https://store.danfoss.com/en/Climate-Solutions-for-

cooling/Valves/Expansion-Valves/Electric-Expansion-Valves/Electric-

expansion-valve%2C-AKVH-10-0/p/068F4088