Kinematic Equations for

Motion of Acceleration
Engr. Sarah Grace P. de Castro, ECE
Board of Director, IECEP Laguna Chapter
Board of Director, MRSP Laguna Chapter
Adviser- Mechatronics and Robotics Society of the Philippines LPU-L Student
Chapter
 Analysis Model:
Particle Under Constant Acceleration
For constant acceleration At one dimension (x)
𝒗𝒙 −𝒗𝒙 Where:
𝒇 𝒊
𝒂𝒙 = 𝒂𝒙 = acceleration
𝑡−0 𝒗𝒙 𝒊 = initial velocity
𝒗𝒙 𝒇 = final velocity
𝒗𝒙 −𝒗𝒙
𝒇 𝒊 𝒕 = time
𝒂𝒙 = 𝒙𝒊 = initial position
𝑡 𝒙𝒇 = final position
𝒗𝒙 𝒇 = 𝒗𝒙 𝒊 +𝒂𝒙 𝒕 (1)
Determine an object’s velocity at any time if we know
the object’s initial velocity 𝒗𝒙 𝒊 and its constant
acceleration 𝒂𝒙 .
 Analysis Model:
Particle Under Constant Acceleration
Position as a function of velocity and time

𝟏
𝒙𝒇 = 𝒙𝒊 + 𝒗𝒙 + 𝒗𝒙 𝒕 (2)
𝟐 𝒊 𝒇
 Analysis Model:
Particle Under Constant Acceleration
Position as a function of time

𝟏 𝟐
𝒙𝒇 = 𝒙𝒊 + 𝒗𝒙 𝒊 𝒕 + 𝒂𝒙 𝒕 (3)
𝟐
 Analysis Model:
Particle Under Constant Acceleration
Velocity as a function of position

𝟐
𝒗𝒙 𝒇 𝟐
=𝒗𝒙 𝒊 + 𝟐𝒂𝒙 (𝒙𝒇 − 𝒙𝒊 ) (4)
 Example 1
A jet lands on an aircraft carrier at a speed of
140mi/hr or 63m/s.
A)What is its acceleration (assumed constant) if
it stops in 2s due to an arresting cable that
snags the jet and brings it to a stop?
B)If the jet touches down at position 𝑥𝑖 = 0, what
is its final position?
 Example 1
A jet lands on an aircraft carrier at a speed of 140mi/hr or 63m/s.
A) What is its acceleration (assumed constant) if it stops in 2s due to an arresting cable that snags
the jet and brings it to a stop?
Solution:
𝒗𝒙 𝒊 = 63m/s
𝒕 = 2s𝒗𝒙 𝒇 = 0m/s

Using equation (1)

𝒗𝒙 𝒇 = 𝒗𝒙 𝒊 +𝒂𝒙 𝒕
𝒗𝒙 −𝒗𝒙
𝒇 𝒊
𝒂𝒙 =
𝑡
𝟎−𝟔𝟑𝒎/𝒔
𝒂𝒙 =
2𝑠
𝐚𝐱 =-32m/s
 Example 1
B) If the jet touches down at position 𝑥𝑖 = 0, what is its final position?
Solution:
𝒙𝒊 = 𝟎
𝒙𝒇 =?
𝒗𝒙 𝒊 = 63m/s
𝒗𝒙 𝒇 = 0m/s
Using equation (2)
𝟏
𝒙𝒇 = 𝒙𝒊 + 𝟐 𝒗𝒙 + 𝒗𝒙
𝒊 𝒇
𝒕
𝟏
𝒙𝒇 = 𝟎+𝟐 𝟔𝟑𝒎/𝒔 + 𝟎 (𝟐)
𝒙𝒇 =63m
 Free Falling Objects
Engr. Sarah Grace P. de Castro, ECE
Lead Faculty, COECS
Program Coordinator CpE Department
Philippines Technological Council Staff
 Free Falling Objects
We do not necessarily refer to an object
dropped from rest. A freely falling object is any
object moving freely under the influence of
gravity alone, regardless of its initial motion.
Object thrown upward or downward an those
released from rest are all falling free once they
are released.
 Free-Fall Acceleration (g)

2 2
g=9.8m/𝑠 or 32.2ft/𝑠
 Example 2/ Seatwork 1
A skydiver jumps out of a hovering helicopter. A few
seconds later, another skydiver jumps out, and they both
fall along the same vertical line. Ignore air resistance so
that both skydivers fall with the same acceleration.
A) Does the difference in their speeds stay the same
throughout the fall?
B) Does the vertical distance between them stay the same
throughout the fall?
Example 2/ Seatwork 1 to be discussed
during synchronous meeting
 Example 3

A stone is dropped into a deep well and

is heard to hit the water 3.41s after being
dropped. Determine the depth of the well.
 Example 3
A stone is dropped into a deep well and is heard to hit the water 3.41s after being dropped. Determine
the depth of the well.
Solution:
𝐭 = 3.41𝑠
𝐚 = 9.8m/𝑠 2
𝒗𝒙 𝒊 = 0m/s
Using equation (3)
𝟏
𝒙𝒇 = 𝒙𝒊 + 𝒗𝒙 𝒊 𝒕 + 𝒂𝒙 𝒕𝟐
𝟐
𝟏
𝒙𝒇 = 𝟎 + 𝟎 𝟑. 𝟒𝟏 + 𝟗. 𝟖 (𝟑. 𝟒𝟏)𝟐
𝟐
𝒙𝒇 = 𝟓𝟔. 𝟗𝟖𝐦
 Example 4

With what speed in miles/hr (1m/s=2.23mi/hr)

must an object be thrown to reach a height of
91.5m (equivalent to one football field)?
Assume negligible air resistance.
 Example 4
Solution: 𝒗𝒙 𝒊 = 𝟒𝟐. 𝟑𝟓𝒎/𝒔
𝐚 = −9.8m/𝑠 2 Now, convert to mi/hr
𝒙𝒇 = 𝟗𝟏. 𝟓𝒎 𝒎𝒊
𝒗𝒇 = 𝟎𝒎/𝒔 𝟐. 𝟐𝟑
𝒗𝒙 𝒊 = 𝟒𝟐. 𝟑𝟓𝒎/𝒔( 𝒉𝒓
𝒎 )
Find: 𝒗𝒙 𝒊 𝟏𝒔
First, find 𝒗𝒙 𝒊 in units of m/s 𝒗𝒙 𝒊 =94.44mi/hr
Using equation (4)
𝒗𝒙 𝒇 𝟐 =𝒗𝒙
𝟐 + 𝟐𝒂𝒙 (𝒙𝒇 − 𝒙𝒊 )
𝒊
𝒎 𝟐 m
(𝟎 𝒔 )𝟐 =𝒗𝒙 𝒊 + 𝟐(−𝟗. 𝟖 𝑠2 ) (91.5m−𝟎)
Solve for 𝒗𝒙 𝒊
𝒗𝒙 𝒊 = 𝟒𝟐. 𝟑𝟓𝒎/𝒔
 Seatwork 2

An object moving with uniform

acceleration has a velocity of 12cm/s in
the positive x direction when its x
coordinate is 3cm. If its x coordinate 2s
later is -5cm, what is its acceleration?