Xk; Kg;ngUk; rpj;ju;fNs Nghw;wp

rpj;jj;ij rptd;ghy; itj;jtu;fs; rpj;ju;fshtu;. “rpj;” vd;w gjk;

‘mwptJ’ vdg; nghUs;gLk;. rpj;ij cilatu;fs; rpj;ju;fs; vd
miof;fg;gl;ldu;. vdNt mwpT gilj;jtu;fs; rpj;ju;fs;> mtu;fs;
mwpQu;fs;> Nkijfs;> Ez;zwpT gilj;jtu;fs;> nkQ;Qhdpfs;. NkYk;
rpj;ju;fs; ml;lkh rpj;jpfis ngw;wpUg;ghu;fs; vdg; Guhzq;fs;
$Wfpd;wd. ,r;rpj;jpfs; Kg;ngUk; rpj;ju;fshd = etehj rpj;ju;> =
ngupahidf;Fl;b Rthkpfs;> = rpj;jhidf;Fl;b Rthkpfsplk;
fhzg;gl;likf;F gy vLj;Jf;fhl;Lfs; cz;L.

kj;jpa kiyafj;jpNy ehtyg;gpl;bia mLj;J nfhj;jkiy tPjpapy;

jythf;fiy Nehf;fpr; nry;Yk; neLk;ghijapy; mike;Js;sJ
Fapd;];gup. Fapd;];gupapy; mikAk; rptj;jyk; = etehju; rpj;ju;
NjtNrdhjpgjp jpUf;Nfhapy; MFk;. = ghyRg;gpukzpa Rthkp
Njt];jhdk; ,ize;j jpUj;jyk; etehNj];tuk; MFk;. rpj;ju;fs;
gf;ju;fis <u;f;Fk; topghl;blkhfTk;> jpahd epiyakhfTk; miktJ
,e; etehNj];tuk;. ,e;jpahtpy; ,Ue;J ,yq;iff;F te;j rpj;ju;fSs;
etehj rpj;jUk; xUtu;. etehNj];tuj;jpd; mw;Gjk; vd;dntdpy;
Rthkpapd; rkhjpapy; Njhd;wpa Rak;Gypq;fj; Njhw;wg;ghlhFk;.

etehNj];tuk; ,w;iwf;F Vwf;Fiwa E}w;whz;Lfs; “rkhjp”

epiyepd;w MyakhfTs;sJ. mWgjhz;Lfs; rkhjp epiwT ngWkhdhy;
“rkhjp” Myak; vd;W miof;fhJ “rpthyak;” vd;W miog;gJ kuG.
( eapidr; rpthr;rhupahu; “Mfkg;utPz” ifiy thkNjtf; FUf;fs; )
Fapd;];ngupAk; nfhy;ypkiyAk; etehjr; rpj;juJ czu;tpNy xNu
,lkhfNt fUjg;gl;lJ vd;gJ ,j;jytuyhW %ykhfTk; mDgtk;
%ykhfTk; czuKbfpd;wJ. ,q;F ijg;nghq;fy; jpdj;jpy; fhl;bNy

1
mike;Js;s Fiff;fUfpNy “tdNgh[dk;” vd;Dk; rpwg;G topghL
eilngWtJz;L. mjhtJ Rthkpapd; jpUTUtj;ij jhq;fpa rg;gukhdJ
Myaj;jpy; ,Ue;J khiy tpNrl G+irAld; Gwg;gl;L Fapd;];ngup
gpujhd tPjpA+lhf Cu;tykhf vLj;Jr;nry;yg;gLk;. Rthkpapd; jpahdFif
mike;j tdj;Jf;F rg;gukhdJ J}f;fpr; nry;yg;gl;L mq;F mike;j
goikahd kz;lgj;jbapy; tdNgh[d G+i[fs; kf;fshy; elhj;jg;gLk;.
,g;G+i[apid mjw;nfd mikag;ngw;w tk;rj;ij Nru;e;jtu;fs;
nra;thu;fs;. gpukhz;lkhd kiyf;fy;ypy; czT rikf;fg;gLk;. ,utpy;
mk;kf;fs; kiyapNyNa jq;fp ,Ue;J G+ir epfo;tpidAk; Kbj;J;
fhiyapy; rg;guj;Jld; rkhjp Myaj;ij Nehf;fp tUthu;fs;. fhiyapy;
rkhjp Myaj;jpy; tpNrl G+irAk; md;djhdj;JlDk; epfo;Tfs; epiwT
ngWk;. kiyapy; fhzg;gLk; Mjpfhy kz;lgj;jpd; rpijTfis
mtjhdpf;Fk; NghJ kd;du;fspd; mud;kid my;yJ Mjpfhy Myak;
Nghd;w mikg;ig nfhz;ljhf cs;sJ. Fiff;F nry;fpd;w ghij
Xuq;fspy; rpWrpW mud;kidfspd; rpijTfs; njd;gLtjid Nehf;Fk;
NghJ kd;du; Ml;rp eilngw;Ws;sij mwpaf;$bajhf cs;sJ.

mf;fhyk; Kjy; ,d;W tiuAk; kf;fs; tdNgh[d epfo;it ,d

xw;Wikapd; rpd;dkhf xU jpUtpoh Nghy; ,t;thyaj;jpNy elhj;jp
tUfpd;wdu;. RthkpfsJ fhyj;jpNy fhspj;nja;tj;jpw;F ,t;topghl;il
nra;jjhf $Wfpd;wdu;. tUlhtUlk; gq;Fdp cj;jpuj;jpdk; Rthkpapd;
FUG+ir jpdj;jd;W fhiy ahfG+ir> kf;fshy; ghy;Flk; kw;Wk;
gytif fhtb vLj;Jte;J mgpN\fk; nra;j gpd;dNu tpNrlG+irfSk;
md;djhdKk; ,lk;ngWfpd;wJ. RthkpfSf;F rpWtu;fs; Kjy;
KjpNahu;fs; tiu ghw;Flk;> gytif fhtb vLj;J mtu;fis
rpj;jd;ghy; <u;j;J tUk; fhl;rpia tu;zpf;f KbahJ. ghyhgpN\fk;
eilngWk; NghJ rpj;jd;ghy; jd;id itj;jtu;fs; midtiuAk;
cUf;nfhs;s itf;Fk; vd;why; vd;dhy; kWf;f KbahJ. ,t;tpohtpd;
NghJ = rpj;jhidf;Fl;b [Ptrkhjp Mya md;gu;fSld; ehd;
nrd;Wghu;j;j NghJ vd;idAk; nka;rpypu;f;fr; nra;jJ.

nfhOk;G khefupNy = rk;khq; Nfhl;lhu; Nfhapiyf; fl;ba

rpw;gpfNs 1928Mk; Mz;L Fapd;];gup = Rg;gpukzpa Rthkp
Myaj;ijAk; moFw mikj;jhu;fs; vd;gJ ,j;jpUj;jyj;jpd; G+u;tPf
tuyhW. ,jw;fhd fw;fs; ,e;jpahtpy; ,Ue;J nfhz;Ltug;gl;lJ. jpUkjp
ehfd; ngUkhs; mk;ikahUk; mtupd; topj;Njhd;wy;fSk;
,t;thyaj;ijg; gupghypj;J te;jdu; vd;gJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ.
jpUr;rp [py;yh gr;irg; ngUkhs;gl;b vd;w fpuhkj;jpy; rkPgKs;s
fupfhyp vd;w fpuhkj;jpy; gpugy fq;fhzpahf ,Ue;jtu; ehfd;
fq;fhzpahthu;. mtuJ gj;jpdpahuhfpa ngUkhsk;khs; vd;w
mk;ikahUk;> nfhy;ypkiyr;rpj;ju; Fohj;Js; xUtuhfpa etehjrpj;ju;
vd;w – khdk;ghf;fpr; Rthkpfis md;NghL Mjupj;J cgrupj;J te;jdu;.
gr;irg;ngUkhs; gl;bapy; tPjpapy; tpisahbf; nfhz;bUe;j rptfhkRe;jup
2
vd;w ngz; Foe;ijia vLj;J mizj;J cr;rpNkhu;e;J ];gupr> thrf>
ead jPl;i\fshy; mUs;Gupe;jhu; = etehjrpj;ju;.

mk;ikahu; xUehs; Rthkpf;F czT nfhLf;Fk; NghJ

rpNyhdpy;(,yq;if) jhk; xU Nfhapy; fl;LtjhfTk; mJ Rg;gpukzpau;
Nfhapy; vd;Wk; Rthkp fl;lhak; Fk;ghgpN\fj;Jf;F tuNtz;Lk; vd;Wk;
Ntz;bdhu;. mjw;F Rthkp “Mah nendr;rh mbik tUk;” vd;W
$wpdhu;fs;. mk;ikahu; Fapd;];ngupapy; te;J khjf;fzf;fhfpaJk;
Fk;ghgpN\fk; nra;a Maj;jq;fs; eilngw;wd. kfd; %yk; fbjk;
vOjg;gl;lJ. fbjk; vOjpdhYk; rpNyhDf;F(,yq;if) tu ,uz;L
%d;W thuq;fs; gpbf;Fk; vd kfd; $wpAk; Nfl;fhky;; fbjj;ij
NghLk;gb gzpj;jhu; mk;ikahu;. Rthkpapd; rf;jpia czu;e;j mk;ikahu;
mLj;jehl;fhiy Fk;ghgpN\fj;Jf;F nry;Yk; NghJ vjpNu Rthkp fhl;rp
nfhLj;jhu;fs;. “Rthkp New;iwf;Fj;jhNd fbjk; vOjpNdd;. jhq;fs;
vg;gb te;jPuf; s;?” vd;W Nfl;f “Mah epidr;RJ mbik te;jpl;LJ”
vd;whu;fs;. Rthkpfs; mk;ikahuplk; NfhapYf;F Kd;ghf tyJ gf;fj;jpy;
Nfhzj;jpirahf cs;s xU ,lj;jpw;jhd; mbNaidr; rkhjpitf;f
Ntz;Lk; vd;W $wpdhu;fs;.

Rthkp xU ehs; Njhl;lj;Jf; fq;fhzp xUtiur; re;jpf;fj; jdpahf

nrd;whu;. mt;Ntis Njapiyr; nrbeLtpy; fQ;rh Fbg;gjw;fhf %tu;
kiwe;jpUe;jdu;. Rthkpia fz;lJk; mtiu fQ;rh Fbf;Fk;gb
tw;GWj;jpdu;. mtu;fs; tplhjjhy; RthkpAk; ,zq;fpf; Fbj;J
mg;Gifia mtu;fs; Kfj;jpy; Cjptpl;lhu;. mtu;fs; %tUk; kaq;fp
tpl;ldu;. me;j %tupd; cw;whu; cwtpdu; mtu;fisj; Njb Cnuq;Fk;
miye;jdu;. filrpahf %tUk; kaq;fpa epiyapy; ehtyg;gpl;b
M];gj;jpupf;F vLj;Jr; nry;yg;gl;ldu;. mq;Fk; czu;T tuhjjhy;
mtu;fs; fz;b itj;jparhiyf;F vLj;Jr; nry;yg;gl;ldu;. ,tu;fs;
RthkpAld; jfhj Kiwapy; ele;J nfhz;ljw;fhfj;jhd; ,g;gb Vw;gl;lJ
vd;w nra;jp ntspahfpg; gutpaJ.

mijf; Nfs;tpAw;w cwtpdu; Rthkpfsplk; nrd;W tprhupf;f mg;gb

vJTk; eilngwtpy;iynad;W Rthkp $wptpl;lhu;. ehd;ife;J ehl;fs;
nrd;Wk; kaf;fk; njspahjjhy; kPz;Lk; cwtpdu; Rthkpaplk; nrd;W
kd;whbdu;. Rthkpfs; mtu;fspd; epiyf;fhfg; gupe;J xU rpfnul;il
vLj;Jg; gw;witj;Jg; Gifia Cjptpl;L ePq;fs; ftiyapy;yhky;
nry;Yq;fs; vd;whu;. mNj Neuk; itj;jparhiyapy; kaq;fpa %tUk;
kaf;fk; njspe;J vOe;jdu;. ,jw;Fg; gpd; Njhl;lj;njhopyhsu;fSf;F
Rthkp kPJ ngUkjpg;Gk; kupahijAk; cz;lhfpd. Rthkpia re;jpf;f ahu;
te;jhYk; fq;fhzpahu; FLk;gj;jpdu; mtu;fis Mjupj;J czTk;
jq;Fkpl trjpAk; mspj;J te;jdu;.

3
 etehj rpj;ju; ‘clk;G KOtJk; %bathW E}y; Mil
mzpthu;fs;. etehjrpj;ju; tpNrlkhf mWRit cz;bapNy
tpUg;gkpy;yhjtu;. tPuk;> g+uk;> gh\hzk; Kjypatw;iw XusT
nfhz;Ltur; nra;J mtw;iw czthf mUe;Jthu;fs;.’ rpj;jpngw;w cly;
tbtpduhifahy; mzpkh> kfpkh> fupkh> yfpkh> gpuhg;jp> gpufhkpak;>
<rj;Jtk;> trpj;Jtk; vd;w ml;lkhrpj;jpfSk; etehjrpj;juplk;
fhzg;gl;ld.

ghyu;> Ngau;> gpj;jiug;Nghy; ebj;J koiyr; nrhw;fshy; trdpg;ghu;.

etehjrpj;ju; fhkf;FNuhjj;jpdhw; gPbf;fg;glhky; metujKk; guntspNa
ehl;lkhff; fUtp fuzq;fis mlf;fp ,ikah ehl;lj;NjhL rhk;gtp
Kj;jpiu jhq;fp fr;rePl;ilapy; tPw;wpUg;ghu;. ,t;thW MW khjq;fs;
nrd;W xU jpdk; md;gu;fs; midtUq;$br; rpj;jUf;F tpNrlkhd
mgpNrfk; nra;af; fUjp E}w;nwl;Lf;Flk; fhNtupj; jPu;j;jk; nfhz;Lte;J
mgpNrfj; jputpaq;fs; midj;Jk; Nrfupj;Jr; rpj;jUf;F mgpN\fpj;Jg;
gy ViofSf;F md;dkpl;L thj;jpa Nfh\j;Jld; Muhjidfs; nra;Ak;
NghJ mjidj; juprpf;f te;j Nryk; thrp xUtu; “,e;j etehjrpj;jiu
MWkhjj;jpw;F Kd; jhq;fs; Nryg;gf;fj;jpy; rkhjpnaa;jjhfj;
njuptpj;jhu;”. mjid rpj;juplk; tprhupj;jjpy; rpj;ju; Gd;rpupg;Gld; “
,Uf;Fkg;gh ” vd;whu;fs;. Myj;Jilahd; gl;bapy; Cw;wpy;yhj
fpzw;Wf;F rf;funkhd;iwj; jfl;by; tiue;J fpzw;wpypl;L ePu; tw;whJ
Cwr; nra;jhu;.

gr;irg;ngUkhs;gl;bapy; nul;bahu; xUtu; etehjr; rpj;jiug;

gupfrpj;j NghJk;> “mtu; kpfTk; ey;ytu;” vd;W Gfo;tJ Nghw; gopj;jhu;.
rpwpJfhyj;jpNyNa mf;FLk;gk; ehrkhdij ahtUk; mwptu; vd;Wk;
$wg;gLfpd;wJ. etehjrpj;ju; “thdk;ghfpr;Rthkp”> “vl;bf;nfhl;ilr;Rthkp”
vd;Wk; miof;fg;gl;lhu;fs;. gr;rpiyahw; gpzp jPu;gg ; jpy; epfuw;wtu;
etehjrpj;ju;. vg;NghJk; Nahfep\;ilapy; ,Ug;gJ etehjrpj;jupd; ,ay;G.
Rkhu; %d;W jpdq;fs; $l ep\;ilapNy ,Uf;Fk; Nguhw;wy; ,tUf;Fz;L.
vl;bf;nfhl;ilia etehjrpj;ju; mbf;fb rhg;gpLtJz;L. etehjrpj;ju;
xt;nthU tPl;bYk; ,uz;nlhU jlitf;F Nky; rhg;gpLtjpy;iy.
Rthkpfs; rpy jlitfspy; “fpU\;zh… fpU\;zh..” vd;W gf;jpAld;
nrhy;Ythu;fs;.

etehjrpj;ju; rpWgps;isfisf; fz;lNghnjy;yhk; fw;fz;L>

fliyg;gUg;G vd;gd tUk;gb nra;J mtu;fSf;F nfhLg;gJz;L.
“etehjr;rpj;ju; mbahu; ngUikiag; Ngzpg;ghJfhf;Fk; Kiwiaj; jhk;
,Ue;j ,y;yj;jpd; %ykhfj; jk;ik ehbte;Njhu;f;nfy;yhk;
tpsq;fitj;jhu;. xUtUf;Fr; rikj;j czit xd;gjpd;kUf;Ff;
nfhLf;fKbAk; vd;gijf; nraypw; fhl;batu;fs;. cs;sd;NghL
nfhLf;Fk; NghJ vt;tpjf;FiwAk; Vw;gLtjpy;iy vd;gij
4
tpsf;fpatu;fs;. <j;Jtf;Fk; ,d;gj;ij kf;fs; kj;jpapy;
fhl;bitj;jtu;fs;”. (Nguhrpupau;> fyhepjp> R.tpj;jpahde;jd; mtu;fspd;
“Kg;ngUQ;rpj;ju;fs;” )

mUzfpupehju; ghba kapy;tFg;gpy;>

“ G+jnuhL fe;jutu; ehjnuhL fpk;GUlu;

G+uz fzq;fnshL te;JnjhoNt ”
vd;W NjtNyhf mbahu;fNs etehju;fs; vd;W fUjpAiuf;fpd;whu;.
,q;F Xu; NgUz;ik ngau;fspNy nghjpe;Jfplg;gijAk; ehk; $u;e;J
Nehf;Fjy; Ntz;Lk;. mUzfpupehju; vd;gjpYk; ehj(k;) tUfpwJ. etehju;
vd;gjpYk; ehj(k;) tUfpwJ. fiyQhdk;> fy;tpQhdk;> ehjQhdk; jUgtu;
etehjrpj;jrptd; Mthu;.

,t;thW ml;lkh rpj;Jf;fs; nra;J ngUk;Gfo; <l;lty;ytuhf

,Ue;Jk; mbahUf;F mbahuhfj; Njhd;wpg; ghku kf;fspd; kj;jpapy; jhd;
xU ghkudhfNt Njhd;wpg; gf;jpia tsu;j;jhu;. 1902Mk; Mz;L
gq;Fdpj;jpq;fs; g+uizapy; epuk;gpa cj;ju el;\j;jpuj;jpy; jhk; Vw;fdNt
$wg;gl;l Neuj;jpy; epu;tpfu;g;g(rkhjp) epiyaile;jhu;fs;.

etehjk; vd;W nrhy;yg;gh ehtpdhy; - cd;jd;

neQ;rk; Fspu;e;J tho;e;jpLthag;gh…!!

-Rgk;-
Mf;fk; :-
ituKj;J rj;jpakhwd; (BA)
fhiujPT-03
njh.,y :- 0778214488.

5
 ijg;nghq;fy; jpdj;jpy; kiyaf kf;fshy; tbtikf;fg;gl;l
rg;guj;jpy; Rthkpfs; Cu;tykhf kiyf;Fif Nehf;fpr; nry;Yk;
fhl;rpapid glj;jpy; fhzyhk;.

6
FUG+ir jpdj;jd;W gf;ju;fs; ghw;Flk; vLj;J tUtjpidAk;
kiyf;FifapidAk; glj;jpy; fhzyhk;.