Project Title: Building Design with Steel Hollow Section

Subject: Example 3 - Design of Simply Supported laterally restrained beam

3 Simply Supported laterally restrained beam

3.1 Scope

Design of a Hot Rolled Hollow Section for a Simply Supported Beam fully
restrained laterally along its length.

3000 3000

Figure 3.1

The design aspect covered in this example are:

• Cross section classification
• Cross -sectional resistance
⁻ Shear buckling
⁻ Bending Moment
• Resistance of web to transverse forces
• Vertical deflection of beam at Servicibility

3.2 Design Force and Moments at Ultimate Limit State

Design Load Bending Moment, Md = 55 kN-m IS Code

Shear Force, Vd = 35 kN Cl. Ref.
Span of the beam L = 6m

3.3 Selection of suitable section

Plastic section modulus, Zp,reqd = Mu x γmo = 55 x 10^6 x 1.1

fy 310
3
Zp, reqd = 195161.29 mm
 Project Title: Building Design with Steel Hollow Section

Subject: Example 3 - Design of Simply Supported laterally restrained beam

Section Proposed RHS 200x100x6 @ 26.5 Kg/m

Type of Section: Rectangular Hollow Section

3.3.1 Section Properties

Depth of section h= 200 mm
Width of section bf = 100 mm
Flange thickness tf = 6 mm
Web thickness tw = 6 mm

Weight of section w= 26.50 Kg/m

Area A= 3363.30 mm2
Moment of Inertia in z-z direction Izz = 17033082 mm4

Moment of Inertia in y-y direction Iyy = 5769142 mm4

Elastic Modulus in z-z direction Zzz = 170331.0 mm3

Elastic Modulus in y-y direction Zyy = 115383.0 mm3

Radious of gyration (z-z ) rzz = 71.2 mm

Radious of gyration (y-y ) ryy = 41.5 mm
Plastic Modulus in z-z direction Zpz = 213265.7 mm3

Plastic Modulus in y-y direction Zpy = 131502.0 mm3

3.3.2 Material Properties

Yield Strength of material fy = 310 N/mm2 Table 3

2
Ultimate Strength of material fu = 450 N/mm IS 4923: 1997
2
Modulus of Elasticity of Steel E = 200000 N/mm Clause 2.2.4.1
2
Shear Modulus G = 76900 N/mm IS 800: 2007
Poisson's ratio of Steel µ = 0.3
 Project Title: Building Design with Steel Hollow Section

Subject: Example 3 - Design of Simply Supported laterally restrained beam

3.4 Partial Safety factors for Resistance

Yield Strength γmo = 1.1 Table 5

Buckling Strength γm1 = 1.25 IS 800: 2007
Ultimate Strength γm1 = 1.25
Bolt Shop Fabrication γmf = 1.25
Field Fabrication γmf = 1.25
Weld Shop Weld γmw = 1.25
Field Weld γmw = 1.5

3.5 Cross Section Classification

b= 100-2x6 = 88 mm Fig. 2 &
d = 200- 2x 6= 188 mm Table 2
ε = 250/310= 0.899 IS 800: 2007

Internal elemet of a compression flange, compression due to bending

b/tf = 14.7 < 29.3ε Flange is Plastic
Web of a box section, neutral axis at mid depth
d/tw = 31.3 < 84ε Web is Plastic
The Section is Plastic Class 1

3.6 Cross Sectional Resistance

3.6.1 Resistance to bending

Design Bendning Strength, Md = Ze fy / γmo ≤ 1.2 Ze fy / γmo Cl 8.2.1.2

Min of 1.2 Ze fy/γm0 = 1.2 x 170331 x 310 / 1.1 = 57.7 kN-m IS 800: 2007

and βbZpfy/γmo = 1 x 213265.7 x 310 / 1.1 = 60.2 kN-m

For Plastic section βb = 1 1.00 Cl 8.4.1

Md = 57.7 kN-m IS 800: 2007

 Project Title: Building Design with Steel Hollow Section

Subject: Example 3 - Design of Simply Supported laterally restrained beam

3.6.2 Effect of Shear force on Bending Moment

Design Shear Strength, Vd = Av x fyw / √3γmo Cl 8.4

Av is the shear area and is determined as follows for rolled RHS with the load IS 800: 2007
applied parallel to depth.
fyw = Yield strength of the web = 310 N/mm2
Av = Shear area of RHS of uniform thickness

= A x h /(b+h) = 3363.3 x 200 / (88+200) 2335.6 mm2

Vd = 2335.63x310 / 1.1 x (3)^0.5 = 380 kN

V/Vd = 35/380 = 0.1 > 0.6

Therefore no reduction in bending resistance due to shear is required Cl 9.2.2

Hence Design BM Capacity Mdv = Md = 57.7 kN-m

Ratio of External BM to Design BM capacity of Section chosen ,

Me / Mdv = 55 / 57.7 = 0.95 < 1

Hence bending resistance of RHS 200x100x6 is adequate.

3.6.3 Shear Resistance

Design Shear Strength, Vd = 380 kN >> 35 kN
Thefefore the shear resistance of the RHS is adequate

3.7 Check for Web buckling at support

Resistance of the web to transverse forces :

As the flange plates are welded to the RHS, the buckling resistance of the two
webs is determined as follows

Fqd = fcd x Ab x2

where :
Ab = (b1+n1) x tw Cl 8.7.3.1
b1 = Width of stiff bearing on the flange = bf / 2 =100 / 2 = 50 mm IS 800: 2007
 Project Title: Building Design with Steel Hollow Section

Subject: Example 3 - Design of Simply Supported laterally restrained beam

d= Depth of web 200-2 x 6 = 188 mm

n1 = is the length obtained by dispersion at 45⁰ through half depth of the section

n1 = h /2 = 200 / 2 = 100 mm
4
Ieff,web = b1 x tw^3/12 = 50 x 6^3/ 12 = 900.0 mm
2
Aeff,web = b1 x tw = 50 x 6 = 300 mm

r= Ieff,web / Aeff,web = 900/300 = 1.73 mm

deff = Effective length of web = 0.7 x d = 131.6 mm

λ = deff/r = Effective slenderness Ratio of web = 131.6 / 2.31 = 76.0

λ = non-dimensional effective slenderness ratio = 0.96

Each web may be considered as a solid rectangular section.

Therefore Buckling Class = b Table 10

Imperfection factor, α = 0.34 Table 7

fy
Design Compressive Stress,  mo
Cl 7.1.2.1
f cd  1


[   2
 2
] 2

Φ = 0.5[1+α (λ-0.2)+λ2] = 0.5[1+ 0.34( 0.96-0.2) + 0.96^2] = 1.09

310
fcd = 1.1  242.0 N/mm2
1


[1.09  1.092  0.962 ]  2

Ab = (50 + 100) x 6 = 900 mm2 IS 800: 2007

Buckling resistance of two webs,

Fqd = fcd x Ab x 2 = 242 x 900 x 2 / 1000 = 435.6 kN
> 35 kN
Hence webs are safe against buckling.
 Project Title: Building Design with Steel Hollow Section

Subject: Example 3 - Design of Simply Supported laterally restrained beam

3.8 Check for Web bearing

Local capacity of two webs at connection to the flange, Cl 8.7.4

Fw = (b1+n2) tw x 2 x fyw / γmo IS 800: 2007
where : n2 = 2.5x (R+ tf) = 2.5 (3 x 6+6) = 60
Fw = (50+60) x 6 x 2 x 310 / 1.1 = 372.0 kN
> 35 kN

Hence the webs are safe against bearing.

3.9 Check for Deflection

Uniformly distributed live load on beam , w = 2.5 kN/m

Concentrated load at mid span of the beam, W = 5.76 kN
Therefore deflection will be maximum at the mid point of the simply supported beam.
Deflection at mid-span of the beam δactual = 5wL4 WL3

384EI 48EI

δactual = 1/ (200000x17033082) x [{5x2.5x(6x1000)^4}/384

+ {5.76x(6x1000)^3}/48 ]

= 12.4 mm

δallowable = Span (L) / 360 = 6x1000 /360 = 16.7 mm

Therefore δactual < δallowable

The chosen section RHS 200x100x6 is safe in deflection