Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Answer-
co-efficient of active earth pressure = Ka
= Ka = [1-sinΦ]/[1+sinΦ]; where Φ = angle of friction for the backfill
Let Φ= 30°,
Ka = [1-sin30°]/ [1+sin30°]
= [1-0.5]/ [1+0.5]
Ka =1/3
Load Component Magnitude x̅ Moment about
D
W1 ½ ×0.75×5×21 39.40KN [1/3 ×0.75] + 98.4KNm
1.5 +0.75 =
2.5m
W2 1.5×5×21 157.5KN 0.75+0.75= 236.25KNm
1.5m
W3 1.5×0.75×5×21 39.40KN 2/3 ×0.75 = 19.70KNm
0.5m
W4 ½ ×0.75×5×18 33.75KN 1/3 ×0.75 = 8.43KNm
0.25m
P ½ ×Karh×h×l 75KN/m 5/3m[h/3] 125KNM
½ ×1/3×18×5×5×1
Hence;
Total moment about D = 98.4+ 236.25+19.70+8.43+125= 487.78KNm
Total vertical load = W1 + W2 + W3 + W4 = 39.40+157.5+39.40+33.75
=270.05 KN
ẑ = Total moments about D / Total vertical load
= 487.78/ 270.05
=1.8m
Eccentricity, e = ẑ - b/2
=1.8 -1.5
= 0.3m
Check: e<B/6
0.3<0.5
Hence, no tension induced, retaining wall is stable
Question 4 - Find the stability of a retaining wall with top width as 1m, bottom
width 3m, and height 6m retaining earth fills on a vertical face. Also, find the
extreme stresses at the base of the wall taking the densities of soil retained and
masonry as 16kN/m3 and 22kN/m3 respectively. Assume the angle of internal
friction as 30°.
Answer –
Consider 1m length of wall
W= Wm × ½ × {a+b} ×h
= 22 × ½ × 4 × 6
= 264KN
=13/12
= 1.08m×
Ka = [1+sinΦ]/[1-sinΦ}
= [1+sin30°]/[1-sin30°]
= 1/3
P = ½ × ka × r × h ×
= ½ × 1/3 × 16 × 6 ×6
= 96 KN
ẑ = x̅ + P/W × h/3
= 1.08 + [96/264] × [6/3]
= 1.80m
e = ẑ - b/2
= 1.80 – 3/2
= 0.3m
Check e< b/6
0.3 < 3/6
0.3 < 0.5; hence no tension induced.
Pmax = W/b × [1 + {6e/b}]
= {264/3} × 1.62
= 142.56 KN/m²
Pmin = W/b × [1 - {6e/b}]
= [264/3] × 0.38
=33.44 KN/m²
Question 5 - Explain the Middle Third rule.
Answer - The greatest eccentricity of load is b/6 from the X-X axis. If the load is
applied at a distance of less than b/6 from the axis, on any side of axis X-X, the
stresses developed are wholly compressive. Hence the range within which the
load can be applied so as not to produce any tensile stress, is within the middle
third of the base.