Integration Applications

10. 2017 H2 MA Prelim Compilation - Integration Applications (25 Questions)

BASIC LEVEL

MI Prelim 9740/2017/01/Q3

y
x=1

Curve C

x
O 1

The diagram shows the curve C with equation y  sin x and the line x  1 . With reference to the
diagram, a student wrote down the following series

1 1 2  3  n 
S  sin    sin    sin    ...  sin    .
n n n n  n 

(i) State what the series represents. [2]

(ii) When n   , S  L . State the geometrical meaning of L. Determine the exact value of
L, leaving your answer in the form a  cos b , where a and b are constants to be determined.
[3]
(iii) What can be said about the value of S in relation to the value of L? [1]
Answers
(i)
The sum of the areas of n rectangles with equal width from x  0 to x  1 , where the top right vertex of
each rectangle lies on the curve.
(ii)
L is the actual area under C from x  0 to x  1 ,
1  cos1
(iii)
Since the sum of the areas of the rectangles in part (i) is larger than the actual area under the curve C, S
>L

Integration Applications 1|Page

Integration Applications

INTERMEDIATE LEVEL

CJC Prelim 9758/2017/01/Q2

1
The region bounded by the curve y  , the x-axis and the lines x  9 and x  16 is rotated
x 2
through 2π radians about the x-axis. Use the substitution t  x to find the exact volume of the
solid obtained. [6]
Answers
  2ln 2  2 

DHS Prelim 9758/2017/02/Q2

x 2   a  1 x  a  1
The curve C with equation y  , where a is a constant, has the oblique
x 1
asymptote y  x  1.

(i) Show that a = 1. Hence sketch C, giving the equations of any asymptotes and the exact
coordinates of any points of intersection with the axes. [3]

(ii) The region bounded by C for x  1 and the lines y  x  1, y  2 and y  4 is rotated
through 2 π radians about the line x  1. By considering a translation of C, or otherwise, find
the volume of revolution formed. [5]
(i) Answers

(0,2)

x 2  2 replace x with  x 1 ( x  1)2  2

(ii) y  y 
x 1 x
9.75 units3 (3 s.f)

Integration Applications 2|Page

Integration Applications

HCI Prelim 9758/2017/01/Q8

(a) A curve is defined parametrically by the equations
x  sin t and y  cos3 t ,   t   .
(i) Show that the area enclosed by the curve is given by

k  2 cos 4 t dt ,
0

where k is a constant to be determined. [3]

(ii) Hence find the exact area enclosed by the curve. [3]

3x  1
(b) In the diagram, the region G is bounded by the curves y  , y  x and the y-axis.
x 1
y

G
x
O

Find the exact volume of the solid generated when G is rotated about the y-axis through
2 radians. [6]
Answers

(a)(i) 4 2 cos 4 t dt
0

3
(a)(ii) unit 2
4
29
(b)  8 ln 2 unit 3
5

Integration Applications 3|Page

Integration Applications

IJC Prelim 9758/2017/01/Q9


Given that f ( x)  sin 2 x  cos 2 x , express f ( x) as R sin  2 x    , where R  0 , 0    and R
2
and  are constants to be found. [2]
(i) Describe a sequence of transformations involved that transformed y  sin x to y  f ( x)
. [3]
3
(ii) Sketch the graph of y  f ( x) for 0  x  , indicating clearly the exact coordinates of
8
the maximum point and the end points of the graph. [3]

(iii) The region bounded by the curve y  f ( x) , the line x  and both axes is rotated
8
about the y-axis through 2 radians. Find the volume of the solid of revolution correct
to 4 decimal places. [4]
Answers
 
f ( x)  2 sin  2 x  
 4
(i)

A: A translation of units in the negative x-direction
4
1
B: A scaling/stretch with scale factor parallel to the x-axis.
2
C: A scaling/stretch with scale factor 2 parallel to the y-axis.
(iii) 0.6506

MI Prelim 9740/2017/01/Q6
2 2x 1 2x
Show that  e cos x dx  e cos x  e sin x  C .
2x
(i) [3]
5 5

(ii) Find the volume of the solid generated when the region bounded by y  e x   cos x  and
2 
y x  1 between x  0 and x  is rotated through 2 radians about the x -axis,
 2
leaving your answer in exact form. [4]
Answers
1  2 2
(ii)  e   
5 5 6

Integration Applications 4|Page

Integration Applications

MJC Prelim 9758/2017/01/Q9

A curve C has parametric equations
t
x   2 cos , y   2sin t , for 2  t  2 .
2
dy 
(i) Find and verify that curve C has a stationary point at P with parameter . Hence find
dx 2
the equation of the normal to the curve at point P . [3]
(ii) Sketch C , indicating clearly all turning points and axial intercepts in exact form. [4]
(iii) Find the exact area bounded by the curve C . (You may first consider the area bounded by
the curve C and the positive x-axis in the first quadrant.) [6]
Answers
dy 2 cos t
(i)  ; x 1
dx t
sin
2
16
(iii) units 2
3

NJC Prelim 9758/2017/01/Q7

(a) Find
 e x cos  2 x  dx. [3]

(b) The curve C has parametric equations

x  t  et , y  3cos2 t 1, for 0  t  π.
(i) Use differentiation to find the exact x-coordinate of any turning point and
determine the nature of the turning point. [3]
(ii) Find the exact area of the region bounded by the curve C and the line y  2 ,

expressing your answer in the form aπ  b  ceπ , where a, b and c are rational
numbers to be determined. [5]

Answers
e cos 2 x  2sin 2 x 
x

c;
5
π π2
x-coordinate of the minimum point at is e ;
2
3 6 6
 π   eπ
2 5 5

Integration Applications 5|Page

Integration Applications

NJC Prelim 9758/2017/01/Q9

The parametric equations of the curve C are
π
x  2sec t and y  3tan t , where  π  t  π, t   .
2
(i) Write down the Cartesian equation of C. [1]
(ii) Sketch the curve C, stating the equations of the asymptotes and the coordinates of the
points where C crosses the axes, if any. [2]
(iii) The line y  3x  k , where k  0, is a tangent to C. Show that k   3. [3]
The region bounded by this tangent, the curve C and the x-axis is rotated completely about
the x-axis. Calculate the volume obtained. [4]
Answers
2 2
x y
  1 ; 9.42  3 sf 
4 9

NYJC Prelim 9758/2017/01/Q8

A curve C has parametric equations
x  1  et  et , 2y  et  et , t  .

 x  1
2

(i) Show that the Cartesian equation of C is 2

 y2  1 . [2]
2
(ii) Sketch C, showing clearly the equations of any asymptotes and coordinates of the centre
and the point(s) where the curve cuts the x-axis. [3]
1
(iii) Find the exact area of the region bounded by C and the line x  1  e e . [4]
(iv) Find the volume of the solid of revolution when the region bounded by C and the lines
x  3 and y  4 is rotated completely about the y-axis. [2]
Answers
(ii)

(iii)
2

1 2 2

e  e  2 (iv) 335

Integration Applications 6|Page

Integration Applications

PJC Prelim 9758/2017/01/Q8


1 x 
(a) Find dx by using the substitution x  sin 2  , where 0    . [6]
x 2

(b) The diagram below shows a sketch of part of the curve y  cos x 2 .  
y

x
O

Find the exact volume of the solid generated when the region bounded by the curve

 
y  cos x 2 , the axes and the line x 
2
is rotated through 2 radians about the y-
axis. [7]
Answers

(a) sin 1  x x 1  x   C (b)
2

RI Prelim 9758/2017/01/Q8
A curve C has parametric equations


x = sin2 t, y = 2 cos t, for 0  t  .
2

(i) Find a cartesian equation of C. [2]


The tangent to the curve at the point P where t  is denoted by l.
3
(ii) Find an equation of l. [3]

(iii) On the same diagram, sketch C and l, stating the coordinates of the axial intercepts and the
point of intersection. [3]

The region R is bounded by the curve C, the line l and the y-axis.

(iv) Find the exact value of the volume of revolution formed when R is rotated completely about
the x-axis. [3]

Integration Applications 7|Page

Integration Applications

Answers
5 9
(i) y  2 1  x , 0  x  1 (ii) y  2 x  (iv) 
2 16
(iii)

RVHS Prelim 9758/2017/01/Q3


t2  9
(i) By using the substitution t  3sec , find dt . [4]
t

(ii) The curve C is defined by the parametric equations

x  ln t , y  t 2  9 , where t  3.
Find the exact value of the area of the region bounded by C, the line x  ln 6 and the x-axis.[4]
Answers
 t 92
 3 
(i) 3   cos 1     c (ii) 3 3  π
 3  t  


RVHS Prelim 9758/2017/01/Q7

 x 

x 5
(a) Show that 5  x 2 dx  5  x 2  sin 1  c. [4]
2 2  5
(b) (i) Let C be the curve y 4  x 2  5 . The x-coordinate of the point P on C is 1 and the y-
coordinate of the point P on C is positive. Show that the gradient of the normal to C

at the point P is 4 2 . Hence find the equation of the normal to C at the point P in
exact form. [4]
(ii) The region R is bounded by the curve C. The solid S is formed by rotating the region
R through π radians about the x-axis. Using part (a), find the exact volume of the
solid S in terms of π . [3]
Answers
5
(bi) y  4 2 x  3 2 (bii)  2
2

Integration Applications 8|Page

Integration Applications

SRJC Prelim 9758/2017/02/Q2

n 9x  9x
(i) Find  dx , where n  2 and hence evaluate  dx . [3]
x  1 x  1
2 2 3 2 2 3

9x
(ii) Sketch the curve y  for x  0 . [2]
 x2  1
3

2
(iii) The region R is bounded by the curve, the line y  and the line x = 5.
3
2
Write down the equation of the curve when it is translated by units in the negative y-
3
direction. [1]
Hence or otherwise, find the volume of the solid formed when R is rotated completely
2
about the line y = , leaving your answer correct to 3 decimal places. [2]
3
Answers
1 9 1
(i)  ,
4 4  n 2  1 4
2

(ii)

9x
2
(iii) y   , 3.385 units3
 x2  1 3
3

Integration Applications 9|Page

Integration Applications

TPJC Prelim 9758/2017/02/Q4

 e sin x dx .
x
(a) Find [3]

(b) y

x= x=
x= x
O

x
The diagram shows the curve with equation y  for 0  x  1.

 3  2x  x2 
The region bounded by the curve, the x-axis and the line x  k , 0  k  1 is denoted by S.
It is given that n rectangles of equal width are drawn between x  0 and x  k.
k2
(i) Show that the area of the first rectangle, A1  .
n 3n 2  2nk  k 2
[1]
(ii) Show that the total area of all the n rectangles is

 
rk 2
,
r 1
n  3n 2  anrk  br 2 k 2 
where a and b are constants to be determined. [2]

 
It is now given that k   3  1 .
(iii) Use integration to find the actual area of region S. Hence state the exact value of

 
rk 2
. [6]
r 1
n  3n 2  anrk  br 2 k 2 

Answers
(a)  e sin x  e cos x   D
1 x x

2
π
(b)(iii) 3  1 
6

Integration Applications 10 | P a g e
Integration Applications

YJC Prelim 9758/2017/01/Q9

6
 3x  1
(a) By using the substitution x  3sec , evaluate  dx exactly. [5]
3 2 x2  9

(b)

x 2 ( y  2)2
The diagram shows an ellipse with equation   1.
16 4

(i) Find the area of the shaded region, giving your answer correct to 3 decimal
places. [2]

(ii) Find the exact volume of the solid generated when the shaded region is rotated
180° about the y-axis. [4]

Answers
2 3
(a) 9 3  9  ln
2 1
1

(b)(i) 10.753 (ii) 64  7 7 
3


Integration Applications 11 | P a g e
Integration Applications

ADVANCED LEVEL

AJC Prelim 9758/2017/01/Q11

(i) Show by integration that
2 1
e
2 x
sin x dx   e2 x sin x  e2 x cos x  A
5 5
where A is an arbitrary constant. [3]

The diagram below shows a sketch of curve C, with parametric equations

x  et , y  et sin t ,   t   .

P

x
1


Point P lies on C where t  .
2
(ii) Find the equation of the normal at P. [3]

(iii) Find the exact area bounded by the curve C for 0  t   , the line x  1 and the normal at
P. [5]

(iv) The normal at P cuts the curve C again at two points where t  q and t  r . Find the
values of q and r. [3]
Answers
  11   7
(ii) y   x  2e 2 (iii) e  2e 2 
10 10
(iv) q  1.92 and r  1.01

Integration Applications 12 | P a g e
Integration Applications

JJC Prelim 9758/2017/01/Q11

(a) The diagram below shows a section of Folium of Descartes curve which is defined
parametrically by
3m 3m2
x , y  , m0.
1  m3 1  m3

(i) It is known that the curve is symmetrical about the line y  x . Find the values of m
where the curve meets the line y  x . [1]
(ii) Region R is the region enclosed by the curve in the first quadrant. Show that the area of
 3 9
R is given by 2   2 x dy   , and evaluate this integral. [5]
 0
8
(b) The diagram below shows a horizontal line y  c intersecting the curve y  ln x at a point
where the x-coordinate is such that 1  x  e .

The region A is bounded by the curve, the line y  c , the x-axis and the y-axis while the
region B is bounded by the curve and the lines x  e and y  c . Given that the volumes of
revolution when A and B are rotated completely about the y-axis are equal, show that
e2  1
c
2e2 . [6]
Answers
3
(a) (i) m  0 or 1 (a) (ii) units 2
2

Integration Applications 13 | P a g e
Integration Applications

NYJC Prelim 9758/2017/01/Q11

Suppose a point P on the rim of a wheel of radius r is initially at the point O . As the wheel roll
along the x -axis without slippage, the locus of P , known as a cycloid, has parametric equations
given by
x = r(q - sinq ) , y = r(1- cosq ) , q ³ 0 .

(i) Sketch the locus of P for 0 £ q £ 4p . [2]

dy 
(ii) Show that  cot . [3]
dx 2
2
æ dy ö 2r
(iii) Show that the curve is a solution to the differential equation ç ÷ = - 1. [3]
è dx ø y
(iv) Find the exact area bounded by the locus of P and the x -axis for 0 £ x £ 2p r . [4]
Answers
(i)

(iv) 3 r 2

SAJC Prelim 9758/2017/01/Q6

Find  e cos nx dx , where n is a positive integer.
x
(a) (i) [4]
2
(ii) Hence, without the use of a calculator, find  e x cos nx dx when n is odd.
[3]
x 2
(b) The region bounded by the curve y  , the y-axis and the line y  is rotated 2
16  x 2
12
radians about the x-axis. Find the exact volume of the solid obtained. [5]

Answers
(a)
 n 2   x  sin nx  1  e x cos nx    1  2
2 
(i)  2 
e       c (ii)  e  e 
 1 n    n  n  n   1 n 
5
(b) units3
288

Integration Applications 14 | P a g e
Integration Applications

SAJC Prelim 9758/2017/01/Q9

The diagram below shows the curve C with parametric equations
x  1  2sin  , y  4  3 cos  , for      .

C P

x
0


The point P is where   .
6
(i) Using a non-calculator method, find the equation of the normal at P.
[4]
(ii) The normal at the point P cuts C again at point Q, where    . Show that

8sin   2 3 cos   1 and hence deduce the coordinates of Q. [3]

(iii) Find the area of the region bounded by the curve C, the normal at point P and the
vertical line passing through the point Q. [4]
Answers
3
y  2x 
i) 2
ii) Q (0.421, 2.34)
iii) 2.77 units2

Integration Applications 15 | P a g e
Integration Applications

TJC Prelim 9758/2017/01/Q9

A curve C has parametric equation defined by
 
x  4sec t and y  8 1  tan t  where  t  .
4 4
dy 
(i) Find in terms of t and hence show that the equation of tangent at the point t   is
dx 6
 
y  4x  8 1  3 . [3]

(ii) Find the Cartesian equation of C. [2]

R is the region bounded by C, the tangent in (i), the normal to C at t = 0 and the x axis. Part of an
oil burner is formed by rotating R 2 radians about the y-axis as shown in the diagram below (not
drawn to scale). The base of the burner is a solid cylinder of thickness 1 cm.
[You may assume each unit along the x and y axis to be 1 cm]

oil
R C
x
Base 1 cm

Find the volume of the material required to make the burner. [6]
Answers
dy 2

(i) dx sin t
x ( y  8)
2 2
 1
(ii) 16 64
(iii) 476

Integration Applications 16 | P a g e
Integration Applications

TPJC Prelim 9758/2017/01/Q9

The figure above shows a cross-section of a searchlight whose inner reflective surface is
modelled, in suitable units, by the curve
x  2t 2 , y  4t ,   2  t   2.
The inner reflective surface of the searchlight has the shape produced by rotating the curve
about the x-axis.
(i) Show that the curve has cartesian equation y 2  8 x , and find the volume of revolution of
the curve, giving your answer as a multiple of π . [3]

P  2t 2 , 4t  is a point on the curve with parameter t. TS is the tangent to the curve at P, and PR is
the line through P parallel to the x-axis. Q is the point  2, 0  . The angles that PS and QP make
with the positive x-direction are  and  respectively.

(ii) By considering the gradient of the tangent TS, show that cot  t . [2]

(iii) Find the gradient of the line QP in terms of t. Hence show that   2 , and show that
angle TPQ is equal to  . [5]

A lamp bulb is placed at Q.

(iv) Use your answer to part (iii) to describe the direction of the reflected light from the bulb.

[1]
(v) Find a cartesian equation of the locus of the mid-point M on PQ as t varies. [2]
Answers
(i) 64π
(iv) The reflected light from the bulb produces a horizontal beam of light/ produces a beam of line
parallel to x-axis.
(v) y 2  4( x  1)

Integration Applications 17 | P a g e
Integration Applications

VJC Prelim 9758/2017/01/Q12

A curve C has equation y  ln( x 2 ), x  0.
(i) Sketch C. [2]
k
(ii) The part of C from the point A (e1 , 2) to the point B(e , k ) , k > 4, and the line y  2 is
2

rotated about the y-axis to form the curved surface and the circular base of an open vase.
Find the volume of the vase, giving your answer in terms of  and k, in exact form.
[2]
3
(iii) Water flows into the vase at a constant rate of 2 cm per second. By first showing that the
 
volume of water in the vase is given by V   x 2  e2 when the radius of the water
surface is x cm, find the rate at which x is increasing, giving your answer in terms of x.
[4]
(iv) An insect lands on the inner surface of the vase at the point (e, 2) just as the in-coming
water reaches the depth of 2 cm. It immediately starts to crawl along C such that the x-
coordinate of its location increases by a constant value of 0.03 cm per second. Find the
coordinates of the point on C at which the insect will first come into contact with water.
[5]
Answers

(i)
(ii)  ek  e2 
1
(iii)
x
(iv)  3.13, 2.28

Integration Applications 18 | P a g e