Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • The Particle Theory

    Uploaded by

    Muhammad Haikal Zainal
    25 views8 pages
    1. The particle theory states that matter is made of tiny particles too small to see with the naked eye. Different substances are made of different particles that can vary in size. 2. Particles determine the state of matter. Solids have particles with definite shape and volume. Liquids have particles that flow easily but maintain their mass and volume. Gas particles have varying volume and shape depending on their container. 3. Changes in temperature can cause changes in a substance's state. Heating a solid increases particle vibration, weakening attractions and allowing the substance to melt into a liquid. Cooling a liquid decreases particle energy, increasing attractions and causing freezing into a solid.

    Original Description:

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Report this Document
    1. The particle theory states that matter is made of tiny particles too small to see with the naked eye. Different substances are made of different particles that can vary in size. 2. Particles determine the state of matter. Solids have particles with definite shape and volume. Liquids have particles that flow easily but maintain their mass and volume. Gas particles have varying volume and shape depending on their container. 3. Changes in temperature can cause changes in a substance's state. Heating a solid increases particle vibration, weakening attractions and allowing the substance to melt into a liquid. Cooling a liquid decreases particle energy, increasing attractions and causing freezing into a solid.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    25 views8 pages

    The Particle Theory

    Uploaded by

    Muhammad Haikal Zainal
    1. The particle theory states that matter is made of tiny particles too small to see with the naked eye. Different substances are made of different particles that can vary in size. 2. Particles determine the state of matter. Solids have particles with definite shape and volume. Liquids have particles that flow easily but maintain their mass and volume. Gas particles have varying volume and shape depending on their container. 3. Changes in temperature can cause changes in a substance's state. Heating a solid increases particle vibration, weakening attractions and allowing the substance to melt into a liquid. Cooling a liquid decreases particle energy, increasing attractions and causing freezing into a solid.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 8

    1/16/2021

    The Particle Theory


    GCSE Science

    Dr. Haikal Zainal

    1 2

    The particle theory of matter

    • Matter is made of particles


    • Too tiny, cannot see with naked eye
    • Different substances have different
    particles
    • Different particles have different sizes
    SOLID
    • Definite mass
    • Particles: Atoms and molecules
    • Definite shape
    • Unchanged volume
    • Do not flow
    • Hard to compress (squash) it

    3 4
    1/16/2021

    LIQUID GAS
    • Definite mass • Definite mass
    • Unchanged volume • Volume varies
    • Flow easily • Flow easily
    • Hard to compress (squash) it • Easy to compress
    • Shape depends on container • Shape depends on container

    5 6

    Gas Compression

    7 8
    1/16/2021

    Change State of Matter Melting


    • Solid heated
    • Reach melting point,
    solid loses shape
    • Reason : Heat supply
    energy, particles vibrate
    strongly and push each
    other further away
    • Force of attraction
    weakened between
    particles, move around
    each other

    9 10

    Freezing Evaporating
    • Liquid cooled • Liquid become gas over range
    • Reach freezing point, of temperature without
    liquid becomes solid boiling
    • Reason : Particle lose • Particle which has more
    energy, particles no energy move faster, push from
    longer move around others and escape to air, form
    each other a gas
    • Force of attraction
    formed between
    particles, closer to
    each other

    11 12
    1/16/2021

    Boiling Condensing
    • Liquid reaches boiling point • Gas cooled down
    • Bubble gas form • Gas form liquid
    • Heat strongly, temperature do • Gas lose energy, move slow
    not increase but boils quickly down
    • Heat causes liquid parties • Particles no longer bounce off
    move faster, form bubbles and each other
    escape to air • Particles stay close and form
    • Liquid become gas liquid

    13 14

    Sublimation Dissolving
    • Solid change to a gas or gas • Solid dissolve into liquid, looks
    change to solid without like disappear
    forming liquid
    • If not dissolve, just spread out
    • Solid to gas loses force of
    attraction between • Liquid has gaps, the solid
    particles quickly. The particle can fill the gaps
    particles move away from
    each other
    • Gas to solid loses energy to
    move faster quickly. The
    particles closer together

    15 16
    1/16/2021

    Gas pressure Atmospheric pressure


    • Force of gas particles • The atmosphere mix of gas covers the Earth
    push against surface • 1000 km thick push every square centimeter on Earth
    • High temperature, high • A push force in a certain area, in square centimeter = atmospric
    pressure pressure
    • Low temperature, low • Unit at sea level =N/cm2
    pressure
    • On top mountain, atmospheric pressure is less than sea level
    • Lower pressure, lower boiling point, less heat energy need
    • High temperature, high gas pressure, pushes lid container

    17 18

    Diffusion

    Liquid denser
    than gas,
    diffusion in
    liquid slower

    19 20
    1/16/2021

    Elements and Atoms


    GCSE Science

    21 22

    23 24
    1/16/2021

    25 26

    Chemical symbols

    27 28
    1/16/2021

    29

    You might also like