ELECTRICAL SYSTEM DESIGN OF THE ABRECO 5 MVA

SUBSTATION AT PIDIGAN, ABRA

“Revised”

TECHNICAL DESIGN ANALYSIS REPORT

PRESENTED TO
THE PROFESSIONAL REGULATORY
BOARD OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF
THE REQUIREMENTS
IN THE LICENSURE EXAMINATIONS FOR
PROFESSIONAL ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS

SUBMITTED BY:

FRANZ XYRLO I. TOBIAS

REE LICENSE NO. 0048683

FEBRUARY 2020

i
 LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL

February 20, 2020

HON. FRANCIS V. MAPILE – CHAIRMAN

HON. JAIME V. MENDOZA - MEMBER
Professional Regulatory Board of Electrical Engineering
Professional Regulatory Commission
P. Paredes St., Sampaloc, Manila

Subject: Technical Design Analysis Report

Dear Honorable Sirs,

I hereby submit the Technical Design Analysis Report for the Technical
Engineering Report entitled “Electrical System Design of ABRECO 5
MVA Substation at Pidigan, Abra (Revised)” in compliance with the
requirements of the new electrical engineering law for the application of
Professional Electrical Engineer (PEE).

I hope you will find this Technical Design Analysis Report in order and will
satisfactorily comply with the requirements for the Professional Electrical
Engineer (PEE) Licensure Examination.

Your kind consideration and approval are highly appreciated.

Respectfully yours,

FRANZ XYRLO I. TOBIAS

REE Reg. No. 0048683
PEE Examinee

2
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL ............................................................. 2

TABLE OF CONTENTS..................................................................... 3

REPORT INTRODUCTION ............................................................... 4

PROJECT DESCRIPTION ................................................................ 5

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................. 11

TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION .......................................................... 12

VOLTAGE DROP CALCULATIONS .................................................. 14

SHORT CIRCUIT CALCULATIONS ................................................. 17

ARC-FLASH HAZARD ANALYSIS ................................................... 25

3
 REPORT INTRODUCTION

The purpose of this Technical Design Analysis Report is to determine

the compliance of the Technical Engineering Report with the Philippine
Electrical Code 2017 and relevant international standards to ensure the
safety and reliability of the substation.
The objectives of this Technical Design Analysis Report is to show the
following:
1. Distribution line equipment located on the primary side of the
power transformer, secondary side of the power transformer, and
feeders of the Proposed 5 MVA Pidigan Substation.
2. Voltage drop of the backbone primary lines and determine its
compliance to the provisions of the Philippine Electrical Code 2017.
Hence, the voltage per unit at the dead-end of each feeder must
not go below 0.90 pu.
3. Results for the Short Circuit Current (SCC), KAIC rating of the
Overcurrent Protective Devices (OCPD), and their respective
Safety Margins (PM).
4. Type, ratings, and trip settings of the OCPD.
5. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Category for the substation
personnel operating on the MV Switchgear.

4
 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

The proposed 5 MVA substation is located in Pidigan, Abra. This new

substation will carry majority of the loads from Feeder 2 of BTR02 Power
Transformer located in Bangued Substation. The Proposed Pidigan
Substation will decrease the loading of the BTR02 Power Transformer
located in Bangued Substation
The project includes the installation of 1-5 MVA power transformer,
69 kV DELTA on the primary side and 13.2 kV WYE grounded on the
secondary side, including all the necessary primary and secondary side
protection, construction of 500 meters of 69 kV subtransmission line and
two new distribution feeders, Feeder 6 and Feeder 7, emanating from the
Proposed Pidigan Substation to cut-in on the existing Feeder 2 of BTR02
Power Transformer of the existing Bangued Substation.
The location and physical layout of the proposed project is shown on
Figure 1 and Figure 2.

Figure 1 Location of Bangued and Pidigan Substation

5
 Figure 2 Layout of Proposed Pidigan Substation

For the purpose of study, the single line diagram of the existing
and proposed distribution system and are shown in Figure 3 and Figure
5.
In order for the readers to appreciate it further, a map based
single line diagram was devised using maps.openrouteservice.org for
the existing and proposed distribution system and are shown in Figure
4 and Figure 6.

6
Figure 3 Existing SLD of ABRECO Distribution System

7
 Feeder 5

Feeder 5

Feeder 3

Feeder 5

15 MVA Bangued Feeder 3

Substation

Feeder 3

Feeder 2
Feeder 4

Feeder 1
Feeder 2

Feeder 4
Feeder 2

Feeder 4

Feeder 2

Figure 4 Existing Map of ABRECO Distribution System

8
Figure 5 Proposed SLD of Pidigan Substation

9
 Feeder 5

Feeder 5

Feeder 5

15 MVA Bangued Feeder 3

Feeder 3 Feeder 3
Substation
Feeder 2

Feeder 4

5 MVA Pidigan
Substation
Feeder 7 Feeder 1

Feeder 6

Feeder 4

Feeder 4

Feeder 6

Figure 6 Proposed SLD Map of ABRECO Distribution System

10
 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The main objective of the Technical Engineering Report is to show the

process of electric distribution planning and significant electrical
calculations for a proposed capacity expansion system. The critical
problems of the franchise area of ABRECO are insufficient capacity of the
existing Bangued Substation specifically BTR02 Power Transformer, power
quality problems specifically low voltage and high system losses in Feeders
2, Feeder 5 of the BTR02 Power Transformer, and reliability problems in
Feeders 2, Feeder 5 of the same BTR02 Power Transformer.
The author utilized MS Excel for the manual calculations used in
Forecasting, Power System Modeling, Load Flow Analysis, Short Circuit
Analysis, System Loss Analysis, Reliability Analysis, Protection Coordination
Study, Arc-Flash Analysis, Substation Grounding and Bonding, Motor
Starting Analysis, and Harmonics Analysis. The designer used relevant
standards and codes as a guide in performing the calculations.
Using the forecasted demand, the percentage loading of the Bangued
Substation and of the Proposed Pidigan Substation was calculated to be
sufficient for the prescribed planning horizon of 30 years.
In the load flow analysis, it was presented that the Proposed Pidigan
Substation will improve the percent voltage regulation of the feeders and
reduce the overall system loss of the distribution system.
The Proposed Pidigan Substation will result to greater reliability based
on the predictive reliability assessment of the existing Feeder 2 of the
Bangued Substation and proposed two feeders, Feeder 6 and Feeder 7, of
the new Pidigan Substation.
Finally, based on the results of the presented electrical calculations,
the author provided conclusions and recommendations to stakeholders and
management to serve as an overall guide for the construction of the
Proposed Pidigan Substation.

11
 TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION

A. Findings and Conclusion

In summary, the following has been concluded in the evaluation for the
Electrical System Design of the ABRECO 5 MVA Substation at Pidigan,
Abra.

a. The selected power transformer rating 5/6.25 MVA, 69-13.2 kV, 3

Phase, 60 Hz can handle the calculated peak demand of the
distribution system which includes load growth for the next 30 years.
The feeder cables are sized properly and the OCPDs will perform
accordingly to isolate faults based on the performed calculations.

b. The protection coordination study through TCC (Time Current Curve)

shows that the settings of the OCPDs are well coordinated with their
upstream and downstream protective devices.

c. The SCC values were calculated. The respective OCPDs were also
evaluated and are capable of interrupting the maximum calculated
fault. Moreover, the safety margin of the OCPDs are above 10%.

d. The arc-flash hazard calculations show that the minimum PPE

Category 1 is required for substation personnel while working inside
the arc-flash boundary.

12
B. Recommendation
As a result of the evaluation and the summary of results based on the
manual calculations presented in the Technical Engineering Report, the
author has come up with the following recommendations.

a. It is recommended that arc-flash analysis calculation results must be

considered in the electrical system design in order to determine PPE
Category required for substation personnel.

b. It is recommended to purchase a power transformer and circuit

breakers from reputable origin. Chinese brands are known to break
before the end of their service life and have poor customer aftersales.

c. EC personnel must evaluate and update the settings of the protection

coordination of the 69 kV SF6 Circuit Breaker Relay, 13.2 kV Vacuum
Circuit Breakers Relays, and Power Transformer Differential
Protection Relay every year or if a considerable load of more than
500 kVA requires energization.

d. All materials and equipment shall be based on the approved design

and project specifications.

13
 VOLTAGE DROP CALCULATIONS

The calculated voltage drop for Feeder 6 and Feeder 7 of the Proposed
Pidigan Substation are shown on the Table 1.

Table 1 Voltage Drop of Feeder 6 and Feeder 7

Receiving
Line Section Length
Average Voltage
Per Unit
Line %VD 13,200 V
Voltage
From To (meters) Current Sending
Voltage
Tapping
Tpri 500 13.71 0.0135% 0.99986 68,990.66
Pt
Tsec MVSG 15 69.50 0.0104% 0.99990 13,196.84
Feeder 6
MVSG F6 12 38.10 0.0042% 0.99985 13,196.28
F6 F2032 300 38.01 0.0363% 0.99949 13,191.50
F2032 F2033 780 37.93 0.0941% 0.99855 13,179.07
F2033 F2034 1,120 37.80 0.1347% 0.99720 13,161.30
F2034 F2035 960 37.18 0.1136% 0.99607 13,146.31
F2035 F2036 1,010 35.28 0.1134% 0.99493 13,131.35
F2036 F2037 870 33.60 0.0930% 0.99400 13,119.08
F2037 F2038 950 31.87 0.0963% 0.99304 13,106.37
F2038 F2039 980 31.07 0.0969% 0.99207 13,093.58
F2039 F2040 1,210 30.13 0.1160% 0.99091 13,078.28
F2040 F2041 1,285 28.41 0.1161% 0.98975 13,062.95
F2041 F2042 940 26.93 0.0805% 0.98895 13,052.32
F2042 F2043 1,250 26.26 0.1044% 0.98790 13,038.54
F2043 F2044 950 25.15 0.0760% 0.98714 13,028.51
F2044 F2045 1,210 23.84 0.0918% 0.98622 13,016.39
F2045 F2046 1,000 22.58 0.0718% 0.98551 13,006.91
F2046 F2047 1,220 22.01 0.0854% 0.98465 12,995.64
F2047 F2048 930 21.43 0.0634% 0.98402 12,987.27
F2048 F2049 960 20.14 0.0615% 0.98340 12,979.15
F2049 F2050 970 18.94 0.0584% 0.98282 12,971.44
F2050 F2051 1,260 17.77 0.0712% 0.98211 12,962.04
Feeder 7
MVSG F7 12 30.04 0.0042% 0.99985 13,196.28
F7 F2032 300 29.90 0.0285% 0.99957 13,192.52
F2032 F2031 970 29.62 0.0914% 0.99858 13,179.43
F2031 F2030 920 27.95 0.0818% 0.99773 13,168.28
F2030 F2029 950 26.47 0.0800% 0.99640 13,150.74
F2029 F2028 1,270 25.29 0.1022% 0.99505 13,132.82
F2028 F2027 970 24.61 0.0759% 0.99417 13,121.33
F2027 F2026 1,300 24.06 0.0995% 0.99301 13,105.95
F2026 F2025 950 23.76 0.0718% 0.99232 13,096.89
F2025 F2024 1,260 23.59 0.0945% 0.99113 13,081.11
F2024 F2023 1,120 22.66 0.0807% 0.99011 13,067.62
F2023 F2022 965 21.98 0.0675% 0.98908 13,054.04

14
 F2022 F2021 950 20.57 0.0622% 0.98832 13,044.11
F2021 F2020 1,280 19.90 0.0810% 0.98709 13,027.84
F2020 F2019 925 18.86 0.0555% 0.98659 13,021.18
F2019 F2018 1,300 18.36 0.0759% 0.98546 13,006.37
F2018 F2017 1,105 16.64 0.0585% 0.98492 12,999.19
F2017 F2016 980 15.96 0.0497% 0.98415 12,989.07

Based on calculations, the Dead-End Unit Voltage on Feeder 6 is

0.98211 pu and Dead-End Per Unit Voltage on Feeder 7 is 0.98415
respectively.
The Dead-End Per Unit Voltage Feeder 6 and Feeder 7 are above the
minimum required per unit voltage of 0.90 pu based on the provisions of
the Philippine Electrical Code 2017.
Therefore, the conductors of Feeder 6 and Feeder 7 are safe and
sufficient based on their connected maximum demand. This would provide
justification to ABRECO management and relevant government regulatory
bodies that the implementation of the project will significantly improve the
power quality of the members consumers connected to Feeder 2.

15
 UTILITY METERING
(3) SURGE ARRESTERS 54 kV, MCOV 42 kV, 350 kV BIL
INCOMING NGCP 69 kV, 3P,+ GND, 60 Hz
STATION CLASS, OUTDOOR TYPE
150.2 MVA 2LG SC, X/R 4.8 from UTILITY
(3) UTILITY PTs 72,500:115V
ACSR 336.4 22/7, 3/8" OHGW for NEUTRAL IEEE ACCURACY CLASS 0.3 Z, 350 kV BIL
10 A, 200 V

(3) UTILITY BCTs 200:5

IEEE ACCURACY CLASS 0.3 B1.8, 45 VA, 350 kV BIL

(1) GROUP MOTOR OPERATED ABS WITH EARTHING SWITCH

1200 A, 72.5 kV, OUTDOOR, 350 kV BIL

(3) BCTs, 600:5, 12.5 VA, C200, B-2

OUTDOOR, 72.5 kV, 350 kV BIL, 60 Hz
DIGITAL OVERCURRENT (3) SURGE ARRESTER 54 kV, MCOV 42 kV, 350 kV BIL
50/51N 50/51 STATION CLASS, OUTDOOR TYPE
PROTECTIVE RELAY

52
(1) SF6 CIRCUIT BREAKER, LIVE TANK
72.5 kV, 2.5 kA, 31.5 KAIC, SF 714%, 350 kV BIL

(3) BCTs, 100:5, 12.5 VA, C200, B-2

OUTDOOR, 72.5 kV, 350 kV BIL, 60 Hz
51G
(3) SURGE ARRESTERS 54 kV, MCOV 42 kV, 350 kV BIL
Tpri FAULT POINT 3PH FAULT 1.228 kA
STATION CLASS, OUTDOOR TYPE
F1
DIGITAL OVERCURRENT
H2 P / FA = 52.3 A
POWER TRANSFORMER
5/6.25 MVA, OA/FA, OIL-IMMERSED PROTECTIVE RELAY
DIGITAL DIFFERENTIAL 69-13.2 kV, Dyn11
87T H1
X3
H3 7% IZ, 3P, 60 Hz
RELAY 350 kV PRIMARY BIL
X0
X1 110 kV SECONDARY BIL
X2 S / FA = 273.4 A
(1) BCTs, 300:5, 12.5 VA, C200, B-2
OUTDOOR, 15 kV, 110 kV BIL, 60 Hz

(3) BCTs, 300:5, 12.5 VA, C200, B-2

OUTDOOR,15 kV, 110 kV BIL, 60 Hz

4/0 AWG CU MV-90 XLPE

3 PHASE - 1/3 NEUTRAL
340 A, 15 kV, 110 kV BIL

MVSG FAULT POINT SLG FAULT 2.366 kA (3) SURGE ARRESTERS 10 kV, MCOV 8.4 kV, 110 kV BIL

(1) 15 kV METACLAD SWITCHGEAR

F2 STATION CLASS, OUTDOOR TYPE

INDOOR TYPE (1) 15 kV, CU BUS BAR 3-3/16" x 1 1/2" - 480 A, 358 MCM
800 A, 25 kAIC, 110 kV BIL

(3) BCTs, 200:5, 12.5 VA, C200, B-2 (3) BCTs, 200:5, 12.5 VA, C200, B-2
OUTDOOR, 15 kV, 110 kV BIL OUTDOOR, 15 kV, 110 kV BIL

50/51N 50/51 50/51N 50/51

VACUUM CIRCUIT BREAKER VACUUM CIRCUIT BREAKER

DIGITAL OVERCURRENT
52
MVSG, DRAW OUT, 15 kV, 800 A
16 KAIC, 110 kV BIL
DIGITAL OVERCURRENT
52 MVSG, DRAW OUT, 15 kV, 800 A
16 KAIC, 110 kV BIL
PROTECTIVE RELAY TYPE TESTED, SF 323% PROTECTIVE RELAY TYPE TESTED, SF 323%

2/0 AWG ACSR 2/0 AWG ACSR

FEEDER 6 FAULT POINT FEEDER 7 FAULT POINT

SLG FAULT 2.364 kA F3 SLG FAULT 2.364 kA F4

FEEDER 6 FEEDER 7

Figure 7 Single Line Diagram with Fault Points

16
 SHORT CIRCUIT CALCULATIONS

The three phase fault, line to line fault, single line to ground fault,
and double line to ground fault were tabulated in Table 2. The per unit fault
currents were multiplied with the base current per voltage level to arrive
with the actual fault current

Table 2 Summary of Short Circuit Currents

Fault Short Circuit Currents

Location SLG LL 3PH DLG MAX
Tpri
1,186.41 614.15 1,228.30 805.08 1,228.30
(F1)
MVSG
2,366.80 1,055.03 2,110.06 1,503.72 2,366.80
(F2)
Feeder 6
Feeder 6
2,364.82 1,053.55 2,108.08 1,503.44 2,364.82
(F3)
F2032 2,197.96 1,008.91 2,018.76 1,455.59 2,197.96
F2033 1,841.48 903.78 1,808.37 1,349.66 1,841.48
F2034 1,477.54 779.14 1,558.93 1,229.86 1,558.93
F2035 1,257.28 693.21 1,386.95 1,146.15 1,386.95
F2036 1,084.13 619.20 1,238.82 1,070.68 1,238.82
F2037 968.01 566.09 1,132.54 1,013.50 1,132.54
F2038 865.98 516.98 1,034.26 957.64 1,034.26
F2039 780.62 474.06 948.39 906.00 948.39
F2040 695.58 429.61 859.43 849.21 859.43
F2041 623.21 390.40 780.98 795.92 795.92
F2042 579.04 365.84 731.85 760.83 760.83
F2043 529.08 337.49 675.11 718.50 718.50
F2044 496.47 318.65 637.42 689.23 689.23
F2045 460.30 297.45 595.00 655.12 655.12
F2046 434.14 281.90 563.90 629.28 629.28
F2047 405.96 264.98 530.04 600.30 600.30
F2048 386.81 253.36 506.81 579.89 579.89
F2049 368.85 242.38 484.84 560.18 560.18
F2050 352.30 232.20 464.47 541.55 541.55
F2051 332.90 220.18 440.41 519.07 519.07
Feeder 7
Feeder 7
2,364.82 1,054.04 2,108.08 1,503.44 2,364.82
(F4)
F2032 2,197.96 1,009.38 2,018.76 1,455.59 2,197.96
F2031 1,769.13 880.93 1,761.86 1,327.11 1,769.13
F2030 1,480.19 780.45 1,560.91 1,230.80 1,560.91
F2029 1,261.22 695.10 1,390.19 1,147.75 1,390.19
F2028 1,049.50 603.87 1,207.74 1,054.26 1,207.74
F2027 928.91 547.72 1,095.43 992.78 1,095.43
F2026 804.10 486.17 972.34 920.70 972.34
F2025 731.85 448.89 897.78 874.14 897.78

17
 F2024 653.66 407.14 814.29 818.94 818.94
F2023 596.81 375.86 751.73 775.20 775.20
F2022 555.14 352.43 704.85 740.94 740.94
F2021 519.38 331.98 663.95 709.94 709.94
F2020 477.85 307.83 615.65 671.89 671.89
F2019 451.72 292.42 584.83 646.75 646.75
F2018 419.46 273.15 546.30 614.33 614.33
F2017 395.43 258.64 517.28 589.15 589.15
F2016 376.30 246.98 493.97 568.43 568.43

The largest SCC at the primary terminals of the power transformer is

1,228.30 A (F1), 2,366.80 A (F2) at the 13.2 kV bus, and 2,364.82 A (F3
and F4) at Feeder 6 and Feeder 7. Currents were calculated with the
Proposed Pidigan Substation connected to the NGCP San Esteban
Substation.
The calculated percentage Margin of Safety for the protective devices
are summarized on Table 3.

Table 3 Safety Margin on Protective Devices

Maximum Maximum
Available Available % Safety % Safety
Device Location Symmetrical Peak Margin Margin
Fault Asymmetrical (Interrupting) (Peak)
Current Fault Current
69 kV side
1,228.30
SF6 CB of Pidigan 2,256.70 2465% 3445%
(F1)
Substation
VCB Outgoing
2,364.82
Feeder Feeder 3,916.49 577% 1994%
(F3)
6 Bus
VCB Outgoing
2,364.82
Feeder Feeder 3,916.49 577% 1994%
(F4)
7 Bus

Based on the computed percent safety margins of installed OCPDs,

safety margins are above the required 10% benchmark. Therefore, all
circuit breakers will be able to operate properly during fault condition.

18
Table 4 Impedance SLD with Fault Location

Note:
MVA Base : 100 MVA
Primary Voltage : 69 kV
Secondary Voltage : 13.2 kV
%Z of 5 MVA Power Transformer : 7%

19
 Location Legend Designation
Z1puU Positive Sequence Impedance of Utility
Utility
Z2puU Negative Sequence Impedance of Utility
(NGCP)
Z0puU Zero Sequence Impedance of Utility
Z1pu336 Positive Sequence Impedance of 500 m TX line
336.4 AWG
Z2pu336 Negative Sequence Impedance of 500 m TX line
ACSR
Z0pu336 Zero Sequence Impedance of 500 m TX line
Z1puT Positive Sequence Impedance of Transformer
Power
Z2puT Negative Sequence Impedance of Transformer
Transformer
Z0puT Zero Sequence Impedance of Transformer
Z1puMVSG Positive Sequence Impedance of Switchgear
MV
Z2puMVSG Negative Sequence Impedance of Switchgear
Switchgear
Z0puMVSG Zero Sequence Impedance of Switchgear
Z1puF6 Positive Sequence Impedance of Feeder 6
Feeder 6 Z2puF6 Negative Sequence Impedance of Feeder 6
Z0puF6 Zero Sequence Impedance of Feeder 6
Z1puF7 Positive Sequence Impedance of Feeder 7
Feeder 7 Z2puF7 Negative Sequence Impedance of Feeder 7
Z0puF7 Zero Sequence Impedance of Feeder 7

References:
1. IEEE 242
2. UP-NEC, Competency Training and Certification Program in Electric
Power Distribution System Engineering

20
 PROTECTION COORDINATION STUDY

After calculating for the TCC and instantaneous settings for the
OCPDs, the values were plotted on a log-log graph and are shown on
Figure 8 and Figure 9.

Feeder 6 Normal Pidigan S/S 5MVA Rated

Peak Load Normal Peak Load Full-Load
1000 WYE Side Thermal
Damage
38 A 85 A 219 A DELTA Side Thermal
Tapping Point Damage
100 Pidigan DELTA Side Mechanical
Damage

SF6 PCB WYE Side Mechanical

10 Damage

5 MVA 69-13.2 kV F6 VCB

Delta-Wye Grounded
1 69 kV SF6
30K Clearing
VCB Feeder 6 0.20 s

0.1 0.16 s
30K Minimum Melting
Fuse Cutout 5MVA INRUSH 12X FLA at 0.1s

5MVA INRUSH 25X FLA at 0.01s

0.01
10.00 100.00 1,000.00 10,000.00

Figure 8 TCC for Feeder 6 for Phase Fault Protection

Feeder 7 Normal Pidigan S/S Normal 5MVA Rated

Peak Load Peak Load Full-Load
1000 WYE Side Thermal
Damage
30 A 85 A 219 A DELTA Side Thermal
Damage
Tapping Point
100 DELTA Side
Pidigan
Mechanical Damage

WYE Side Mechanical

SF6 PCB
10 Damage

5 MVA 69-13.2 kV
Delta-Wye Grounded F7 VCB
1 69 kV SF6
25K Clearing
VCB Feeder 7 0.20 s

0.1 25K Minimum Melting

Fuse Cutout
5MVA INRUSH 12X FLA at 0.1s 0.12 s

5MVA INRUSH 25X FLA at 0.01s

0.01
10.00 100.00 1,000.00 10,000.00

Figure 9 TCC for Feeder 7 for Phase Fault Protection

21
 After calculating for the TCC and instantaneous settings for the
protective devices, the values were plotted on a log-log graph and are
shown on Figure 10 and Figure 11.

Feeder 6 Normal Pidigan S/S 5MVA Rated

Peak Load Normal Peak Load Full-Load
1000 WYE Side Thermal
Damage
38 A 85 A 219 A DELTA Side Thermal
Tapping Point
Damage
100 Pidigan DELTA Side
Mechanical Damage
SF6 PCB
WYE Side Mechanical
10 Damage
5 MVA 69-13.2 kV
F6 VCB
Delta-Wye Grounded

1 69 kV SF6

VCB Feeder 6 30K Clearing

0.18 s
0.1 30K Minimum Melting 0.14 s
Fuse Cutout 5MVA INRUSH 12X FLA at 0.1s

5MVA INRUSH 25X FLA at 0.01s

0.01
10.00 100.00 1,000.00 10,000.00

Figure 10 TCC for Feeder 6 for Ground Fault Protection

Feeder 7 Normal Pidigan S/S Normal 5MVA Rated

Peak Load Peak Load Full-Load
1000 WYE Side Thermal
Damage
30 A 85 A 219 A DELTA Side Thermal
Tapping Point Damage
100 Pidigan DELTA Side Mechanical
Damage
SF6 PCB
WYE Side Mechanical
F7 VCB
10 Damage
5 MVA 69-13.2 kV
Delta-Wye Grounded

1 69 kV SF6

25K Clearing
VCB Feeder 7
0.18 s

0.1 25K Minimum Melting 0.16 s

5MVA INRUSH 12X FLA at 0.1s
Fuse Cutout

5MVA INRUSH 25X FLA at 0.01s

0.01
10.00 100.00 1,000.00 10,000.00

Figure 11 TCC for Feeder 7 for Ground Fault Protection

22
Table 5 Protection Coordination Table

Relay CT Device
Count Location Setting Value
ID Ratio Function
ANSI Extremely
Inverse
51
Ipickup = 2.39 A
Time Dial (TD) = 6.82
ANSI Extremely
Inverse
51N
Pidigan Ipickup = 2.39 A
Substation Time Dial (TD) = 3.87
1 PCB 600:5
Primary Side I>disabled
Protection I>>pickup= 39.05 A
50
I>>delay= 0.16 s
I>>>disabled
I>disabled
I>>pickup= 18.47 A
50N
I>>delay= 0.18 s
I>>>disabled
ANSI Extremely
Inverse
51
Ipickup = 1.9 A
Time Dial (TD) = 7
ANSI Extremely
Inverse
51N
Ipickup = 12.48 A
Feeder 6
Time dial (TD) = 2
2 VCBF6 Feeder 200:5
I>disabled
Protection
I>>pickup= 85.91 A
50
I>>delay= 0.14 s
I>>>disabled
I>disabled
I>>pickup= 48.77 A
50N
I>>delay= 0.14 s
I>>>disabled
ANSI Extremely
Inverse
51
Ipickup = 1.5 A
Time Dial (TD) = 7
ANSI Extremely
Inverse
51N
Ipickup = 13.57 A
Feeder 7
Time Dial (TD) = 2
3 VCBF7 Feeder 200:5
I>disabled
Protection
I>>pickup= 85 A
50
I>>delay= 0.12 s
I>>>disabled
I>disabled
I>>pickup= 48.77 A
50N
I>>delay= 0.16 s
I>>>disabled

23
 On Figure 8, Figure 9, Figure 10, and Figure 11, the graph explains
that the selection of fuse cutouts, OCPDs, and power transformer are
properly coordinated to each other.
The OCPDs will isolate the fault. The thermal and mechanical
damage curves of the 5 MVA Power Transformer are also shown to verify
the limit of the operating area of the equipment.
The magnetizing inrush currents of the 5 MVA Power Transformer
are also shown in Figure 8, Figure 9, Figure 10, and Figure 11 to verify
the circuit breakers will not trip during the transformer startup.
Therefore, the system shows that if fault occurs in the
downstream, the first protective device downstream will trip first without
affecting the upstream protective device.

References:
1. IEEE 242
2. UP-NEC, Competency Training and Certification Program in
Electric Power Distribution System Engineering

24
 ARC-FLASH HAZARD ANALYSIS

Table 6 shows the summarized arc-flash hazard calculation. It

shows that when working with the MV switchgear, substation personnel
must wear PPE Category 1 to lessen the effect of the incident energy
during arc-flash incidents. Figure 12 shows the appropriate PPE Category
based on the available Incident Energy shown in Table 6. Moreover, the
Arc-Flash Boundary (AFB) shown Table 6 is the minimum safe distance
from the exposed energized conductors or substation parts that has
potential for an arc-flash. Substation personnel must always observe
this minimum distance when operating the MV Switchgear.

Table 6 Arc-Flash Hazard Calculation Summary

Incident Arc-Flash
PPE
Equipment Energy Boundary FR Clothing System
Category
(cal/cm2) (m)
Untreated natural fiber
69 kV 4.84 1.87 1
long-sleeve shirt
FR long-sleeve
13.2 kV
1.35 1.87 0 (minimum arc rating of
Feeder 6
4), worn over
untreated cotton T-
13.2 kV
1.35 1.87 0 shirt with FR pants
Feeder 7 (minimum arc rating of
8)

Figure 12 Arc-Flash PEE Categories

25
References:
1. IEEE Standard 1584-2018
2. NFPA 70E 2018 Edition

26