FEU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Mechanical Engineering Laboratory Manual

Preliminary Data Sheet

Name: Experiment No.: 4

Group No.: 6 Date Performed: October 27, 2021
Course/ Section: 1-B

Experiment 4: Gear Pump Performance Test

A. Data:

Speed (n):____250______min-1

Description Symbols Units Measurements

Position 1 2 3 4 5
Suction Pressure p1 bar g (gauge pressure) -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02 -0.02
Delivery Pressure p2 bar g (gauge pressure) 0.15 0.18 1.5 3.64 4.92
Temperature T1 °C 29 29 29 29 29
Volume flow rate Ṽ (dV/dt ) L/min 3.8 3.8 3.7 3.5 0
Electric Power Pel W 102 103 125 139 158
Hydraulic Power Phyd W 0.9475 1.1146 8.2485 18.7880 0
Efficiency Ƞ % 0.9289 1.0821 6.5988 13.5165 0

Speed (n):____500______min-1

Description Symbols Units Measurements

Position 1 2 3 4 5
Suction Pressure p1 bar g (gauge pressure) -0.05 -0.05 -0.04 -0.03 -0.03
Delivery Pressure p2 bar g (gauge pressure) 0.33 4.16 4.87 4.9 5.19
Temperature T1 °C 29 29 30 30 30
Volume flow rate Ṽ (dV/dt ) L/min 7.3 7.1 5.8 5.2 0
Electric Power Pel W 129 189 215 216 222
Hydraulic Power Phyd W 4.0685 43.8401 41.7678 37.5994 0
Efficiency Ƞ % 3.1539 23.1958 19.4269 17.4071 0

 Plot the total head and flow curve; (use the pump curve generated on the PSIM 2)
 Figure 1: Total head and Flow curve of Speed 250 min-1

Figure 2: Total head and Flow curve of Speed 500 min-1

 Plot the pump curve vs. system curve; ( use the graph generated on the PSIM 2)
 Figure 3: Pump Curve vs. System Curve of Speed 250 min-1

Figure 4: Pump Curve vs. System Curve of Speed 500 min-1

B. Sample Computation:
 Speed (n):____250______min-1

Description Symbols Units Measurements

Position 1 2 3 4 5
Head Pressure HT m 1.7329 2.0387 15.4944 37.3089 50.3568

Speed (n):____500______min-1

Description Symbols Units Measurements

Position 1 2 3 4 5
Head Pressure HT m 3.8736 42.9154 50.0510 50.2548 53.2110

For speed of 250 rpm: For speed of 550 rpm:

Total Head (Ht) Total Head (Ht)

P −P s P −P s
Ht = d Ht = d
γ γ
15−(−2) 33−(−5)
¿ ¿
9.81 9.81
¿ 1.7329 m ¿ 3.8736 m

Hydraulic Power (Ph) Hydraulic Power (Ph)

𝛾= ρg 𝛾= ρg
=880 kg/ m 3(9.81m// s2) =880 kg/ m 3(9.81m// s2)
=8632.8N/m3 =8632.8N/m3
Ph= 𝛾 * Q * Ht[W] Ph= 𝛾 * Q * Ht[W]
8632.8∗3.8∗1 8632.8∗7.3∗1
∗1min ∗1min
1000 1000
¿ ∗1.7329 ¿ ∗3.8736
60 s 60 s
¿ 0.9475 W ¿ 4.0685 W

Total Efficiency (Ƞ) Total Efficiency (Ƞ)

Ph Ph
Ƞ= P Ƞ= P
el el

0.9475 4.0685
¿ ¿
102 129
¿ 0.009289∗100 % ¿ 0.031539∗100 %
C. Findings/ Analysis
 Speed 250 min-1 Speed 500 min-1

 Identify the overall pump power of the system.

The overall pump power of the system in the speed with 250 min-1 is
0.04943 KW while the speed with 500 min-1 is 0.1009 KW.
 Identify the operating point of the pump system.
The operating point of the pump system in the speed with 250 min -1 is at
the 119.5 m head and 0.05647 m3/hr volumetric flow rate while the speed with
500 min-1 is at the 58.02 m head and 0.02692 m3/hr volumetric flow rate.
 Discuss the pump summary data result.

The pump of the system having a speed of 250 min -1 has a volume flow of
0.05647 cubic meters per hour, a mass flow of 0.01380 kg/sec. The head rise
generated by the pump is 119.5 meters and has a pressure stagnated by the pump
is 10.31 bar, making the overall power of 0.04943 kW and overall efficiency of
32.70%.

The pump of the system having a speed of 500 min -1 has a volume flow of
0.02692 cubic meters per hour, a mass flow of 6.580x103 kg/sec. The head rise
generated by the pump is 58.02 meters and has a pressure stagnated by the pump
is 5.007 bar, making the overall power of 0.1009 kW and overall efficiency of
3.708%.

 Discuss the pressure characteristic of the pump system (evaluate the pressure
change of all the parts; pipes and junction).
  Table 1. Pressure Characteristics (Speed 250 min-1 )

System Parts Pressure Inlet Pressure Outlet Interpretation

(bar) (bar)

Reservoir (J1) 1.0133 1.0305 Slightly

Increased

Pipe1 1.0305 1.0025 Slightly

Decreased

Bend (J2) 1.0025 1.0025 Constant

Pipe2 1.0025 0.9933 Slightly

Decreased

Assigned Pressure 0.9933 0.9933 Constant

(J3)

Pipe3 0.9933 -4.0811 Decreased

Pump (J4) -4.0811 6.2324 Increased

Pipe4 6.2324 1.1633 Decreased

Assigned Pressure 1.1633 1.1633 Constant

(J5)

Pipe5 1.1633 1.1466 Slightly

Decreased

Bend (J6) 1.1466 1.1466 Constant

Pipe6 1.1466 1.0709 Slightly

Decreased

Bend (J7) 1.0709 1.0709 Constant

Pipe7 1.0709 1.0204 Slightly

Decreased

Control Valve (J8) 1.0204 1.0204 Constant

Pipe8 1.0204 1.0305 Slightly

Increased

 Table 2. Pressure Characteristics (Speed 500 min-1 )

System Parts Pressure Inlet Pressure Outlet Interpretation

(bar) (bar)

Reservoir (J1) 1.0133 1.0305 Slightly

Increased

Pipe1 1.0305 1.0025 Slightly

Decreased

Bend (J2) 1.0025 1.0025 Constant

Pipe2 1.0025 0.9933 Slightly
Decreased

Assigned Pressure 0.9933 0.9933 Constant

(J3)

Pipe3 0.9933 -1.4257 Decreased

Pump (J4) -1.4257 3.5812 Increased

Pipe4 6.2324 1.1633 Decreased

Assigned Pressure 1.1633 1.1633 Constant

(J5)

Pipe5 1.1633 1.1466 Slightly

Decreased

Bend (J6) 1.1466 1.1466 Constant

Pipe6 1.1466 1.0709 Slightly

Decreased

Bend (J7) 1.0709 1.0709 Constant

Pipe7 1.0709 1.0204 Slightly

Decreased

Control Valve (J8) 1.0204 1.0204 Constant

Pipe8 1.0204 1.0305 Slightly

Increased

Tables 1 and 2 show the pressure characteristics of each junction and pipe of the system
with different speeds (250 and 500). The pressures of the two systems were consistently
 the same with each other. The only difference was the pressure that went in and out of the
pumps. The outlet pressure of the pump with speed 250 min-1 almost doubled the pressure
of the pump with speed 500min-1 .

D. Conclusion
The group was able to familiarize the effect of pressure limitation in identifying
characteristic data of a gear pump with the use of PSIM 2. This software application
allowed the group to design and run a model for better interpretation and analysis. The
performance of the designed model was tested.
        With the help of the given data above, the group computed the needed values such
as, head, hydraulic power and efficiencies for both gear pumps with speed of 250 min -1
and 500 min-1. These values were used to perform the experiment in PSIM 2.
         Hence, the activity made the group come up with a conclusion that the effect of
pressure limitation in the characteristic data of a gear pump are, as the pressure difference
decreases, the volume flow rate and electric power increases while the hydraulic power
and pump efficiency decreases. The same observations were made for both speeds.
 
Pressure Difference Volume Flow Electric Hydraulic Efficiency
(Delivery - Suction) Rate Power Power

Decreases Increases Increases Decreases Decreases

Increases Decreases Decreases Increases Increases

For the pump performance, it is seen in the graph that the pump with 250 min -1
speed performs in a higher head, higher volume flow rate and higher efficiency than the
pump with 500 min-1speed. Moreover, the operating pressure in the 250 min-1 speed
which is 10.31 bar is higher than the operating pressure in the 500 min -1 speed which is
5.007 bar.

E. Supplemental Questions:
1. What is a gear pump?
A gear pump is a positive displacement pump having two or more gear meshes
within that gives a smooth, pulse-free flow proportionate to the rotating speed. It is
one of the most common types of pump applications for hydraulic fluid power.
2. What are the types of gear pump?
Two basic types of gear pumps:
 External Gear Pump- is an interlocking gear that has two identical gears
supported by separate shafts. Generally, consists of one gear that is the driver
and the other is driven.
 Internal Gear Pump- is an interlocking gear of different sizes. Both gears
rotate in the same direction. It works smoothly than external gear but is costly.
 3. What are the applications of gear pump?
A gear pump is used to pump oil, paints, resins, or foodstuffs that are high
viscosity fluid. It is very efficient when high pressure is applied.
4. Explain how Gear pumps work?
Gear pump work by trapping fluid between the teeth of the gear that came from
the suction and transferring the fluid through rotating action going to the discharge.
5. Describe the effect of pressure limitation in identifying characteristic data of a gear
pump.
The effect of pressure limitation in identifying characteristic data of a gear pump
is that when the suction pressure is in constant or decreasing and the delivery pressure
is increasing, the volume flow rate and electric power is increasing while the
hydraulic power and pump efficiency is increase until its maximum point and will
decrease. When the speed of the pump increasing the pressure and the overall
efficiency decrease and the overall power increase.

Noted by:

ENGR. TONY REY ESCALONA

Instructor