8.

What are you Look at the quadrilateral in Figure 8.4

What
going are
to you
learn? on the right. It is called rhombus. Do you
going to learn?
To describe the properties a know why we call it belah ketupat in
Torhombus
describe the properties a
rhombus Indonesian?
To define of a rhombus
To find out of
To define theaformula
rhombusof the
To know the properties of a rhombus,
Toperimeter
find out the
andformula
area of of
a the
perimeter
rhombus and area of a do the following mini-lab activity.
rhombus
Figure 8.4
Key
KeyTerms:
Terms:
rhombus
rhombus

Mini Lab
Do this with your partner.
Materials: paper, scissors, and a ruler
A

B O D

C
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (vi)
Draw a square and its diagonals.
Cut the square along the sides. (Figure (i))
Fold the square along one of its diagonals. (Figure (ii))
Draw in dotted lines as in Figure (iii) above.
Cut the fold along the dotted lines to obtain the shape in Figure (iv).
Open the fold to have a new quadrilateral as in Figure (v). The new quadrilateral is named
RHOMBUS.
Name it rhombus ABCD and the intersection of the diagonals as point O. (Figure (vi))
Based on the above actiity, observe the sides, angles and diagonals.
Find some properties of the rhombus. Explain.

Mathematics for Junior High School Year 7 / 323

 Properties of rhombus are:
1. All sides are equal, which sides?
A 2. Opposite sides are parallel, which sides?
3. Vertical angles are equal, which angles?
 4. The diagonals bisect the angles, which
angles?
B O
D 5. Both diagonals are perpendicular and
 bisect each other. Mention them.

C
Rhombus ABCD
Figure 8.5
6. Diagonals bisect the rhombus or they are the axis lines.
Mention them.
7. The sum of the two adjacent angles is 180. Mention the
angles.

Rhombus A quadrilateral with four equal

sides.

We can also say:

Nowdiagonals
If both think ofofhow to construct
a quadrilateral arethe formula ofand
perpendicular thebisect
area of a
rhombus as follows.
each other, then it is called a rhombus.

Mini - Lab
WORK IN GROUPS
Materials: Grid paper, a pencil, and scissors.
Draw rhombus on the grid paper.
Cut the rhombus along the sides.
Draw one of the diagonals of the rhombus and cut a piece of paper along the diagonal. What
do you obtain?
Discuss with your classmates to answer the following questions.
What is the area of each isosceles triangle?
Do the two isosceles triangles have the same area?
What are the base and height of the two isosceles triangles?
Area and The area
In your own words, express of a rhombus
the formula to find out theisarea
equal to a halfof of
and perimeter the
a rhombus.
Perimeter of a product of the diagonals.
Rhombus The perimeter of a rhombus is four times the length
of the sides.
Suppose A is the area of a rhombus with diagonals
d1 and d2, then A =  d1  d2
d1
Suppose P is the perimeter of a rhombus with the
324 / Student’s Book – Quadrilaterals
length of side s, then P = 4  s
d2
 PQRS is a rhombus with diagonals PR = 6 cm, QS = 8 cm and
PQ = 5 cm. Calculate the area and perimeter of rhombus PQRS.
Solution:
S Given : PR = 8 cm, QS = 10 cm, and PQ = 5 cm.
Question : The area and perimeter of rhombus PQRS
Solution : Suppose the area of rhombus PQRS is L cm 2 ,
P R then
1
A=  PR  QS
2
1
Q A=  8  10
2
A = 40
So, the area of rhombus PQRS is 40 cm2.

Suppose the perimeter PQRS is P cm,

then: P = 4  PQ
P=45
P = 20
So, the perimeter of rhombus PQRS is 20 cm.

The figure on the right is for problems 1-4. A

1. If ABC = 132, determine the measure of ABD.

2. If BDC = 25, determine the measure of ADC.

B E D
Mathematics for Junior High School Year 7 / 325
 3. If EBC = (2x+10) and ADE =
(5x20), determine the value of x .

4. If CBD = (2x+13) and

EDA=(5x20), determine the value of x .
Given the following quadrilaterals are
rhombuses, determine the value of x and y.

5. 6.
135 (4x-10)

y (2x+70)
x
(2y) F
D
7. 8.
E
3,5cm O C 6cm
A G
2cm 5cm
H
B

Find the area of ABCD. Find the perimeter of EFGH.

9. The area of rhombus ABCD is 24 cm 2 and the length of
diagonal AC is 8 cm. What is the length of BD ?

Say whether the following statements are true or false.

10. ………… a. The opposite sides of a rhombus are parallel.
………… b. All angles of a rhombus are equal.
………… c. The sides of a rhombus are equal.
………… d. The opposite sides of a rhombus are equal.

11. Suppose BEAC is a rhombus with BA = 6 cm and its

diagonals intersect at point H.
………… a. HA = 3 cm.
………… b. BEH = EBH.
………… c. Side BA is perpendicular to side EC .
………… d. The area of BHE and the area of AHC are
equal.

326 / Student’s Book – Quadrilaterals

 ………… e. CBE and BCA are supplementary.
12. IJKL is a rhombus and its diagonals intersect at point O.
a. If ILO = 63, so OIL =...., IJO =...., JOK =....
b. If ILO = (2x+15) and IJO = (3x1), so the value of
x =...…

13. PQMN is a parallelogram. If PN = 7x10 and PQ = 5x+6,

what is the value of x so that PQMN is a rhombus?

14. Critical Thinking. If ABCD is a rhombus, how many

symmetrical lines does rhombus ABCD have? State your
answer.
15. Is a rhombus also a parallelogram? Explain.
16. Is a parallelogram also a rhombus? Explain.
17. The lengths of the diagonals of a rhombus are 16 cm and
12 cm. Calculate the area of the rhombus.
18. A rhombus has the perimeter of 52 m. Find the length of
the sides of the rhombus.
19. The area of a rhombus is 36 cm 2 . If the proportion of the
diagonals is 1:2, what are the lengths of the diagonals?

Mathematics for Junior High School Year 7 / 327