POLYHEDRON

PRISM,RECTANGLE, CUBE
POLYHEDRA
• A POLYHEDRON (PLURAL POLYHEDRA OR POLYHEDRONS) is a solid
which is bounded by polygons joined at their edges. The bounding
polygons are the faces of the polyhedron, the intersections of these
faces are the edges, and the intersection of these edges are the
vertices.

The surfaces on the sides of a polyhedron are called lateral faces and
their intersections are called lateral edges. A line joining any two
vertices not in the same face is called the diagonal polyhedron.
TYPES OF POLYHEDRA
POLYHEDRON FACES NUMBER NUMBER NUMBER OF
OF FACES OF EDGES VERTICES

Tetrahedron Triangle 4 6 4

Hexahedron Square 6 12 8

Octahedron Triangle 8 12 6

Dodecahedron Pentagon 12 30 20

Icosahedron triangle 20 30 12
PRISMS
• A PRISM is a type of polyhedron whose congruent bases lie in parallel
planes. Every section of a prism that is parallel to its base has the
same area as that of the base. A prism can be described as three
dimensional solid formed by dragging a polygon through space to a
certain height without rotating or tilting the polygon.
FIGURE ILLUSTRATION VOLUME AREA
PRISM
Total Surface Area
A =AL +2AB

Lateral Surface
Area

CHARACTERESTICS

Prism is a polyhedron in which two faces

are equal polygons in parallel planes, and
all other faces are parallelograms.
There are two types of prism; oblique
prism and right prism. Oblique prism is
when the axis is not perpendicular to the
base and right prism if the axis is parallel
to the base. In right prism, all lateral
areas are rectangle.
EXAMPLE:
1. The bases of a triangular prism are 12cm apart. Find the volume
and the total surface area of the prism if one side of the equilateral
triangular base measures 6 cm.

Given: 𝐴𝐵=12 𝑐𝑚
• Triangular base
• Find the height, area ,volume,
total surface area
EXAMPLE:
2.Otto is sitting on 10 blocks of gold. The blocks are in the
shape of right trapezoidal prisms. The trapezoidal base of the prism
has bases of 10 inches and 7 inches with a height of 8 inches.
The lateral edge of the prism is 19 inches.
a) Upon how many total cubic inches of gold is he sitting?
b) Determine the worth of Otto's gold based upon
the gold pricing of $13,067.76 per troy pound.
Utilize the following information:
• there are 1728 cubic inches in 1 cubic foot.
• there are 1,206.83 pounds of gold in 1 cubic foot.
• there are 0.82 pounds in 1 troy pound.
b) Determine the worth of Otto's gold based upon
the gold pricing of $13,067.76 per troy pound.
Utilize the following information:
• there are 1728 cubic inches in 1 cubic foot.
• there are 1,206.83 pounds of gold in 1 cubic foot.
• there are 0.82 pounds in 1 troy pound.
CUBE
A cube is a special type of prism whose faces and
edges are all congruent. It’s length, height, and
width have equal measures. Thus a cube is a
regular hexahedron.
FIGURE ILLUSTRATION CHARACTERESTICS VOLUME AREA DIAGONAL
CUBE is one of the Platonic Total Surface Area FACE DIAGONAL
Solids and is
called regular
hexahedron. It is a
polyhedron whose six Lateral Surface Area SPACE DIAGONAL
faces are all squares
A= 4a2
Properties of a Cube
1. All edges of a cube are
equal in length.
2. All faces of the cube
are congruent
squares.
EXAMPLE :
1. Find the volume and total area of the largest
cube of wood that can be cut from a log of
circular cross section whose radius is 12.7
inches. See figure.
SOLUTION:
EXAMPLE:
2. A vegetable bin built in the form of a cube
with an edge of 6 ft. is divided by a vertical partition
which passes through two diagonally opposite edges.
Find the lateral surface of either compartment.
SOLUTION:
PARALLELEPIPED
• Is a prism whose bases and lateral faces are parallelograms. This type
of prism may be classified according to the position of its lateral
edges with respect to the bases.

RECTANGULAR PARALLELIPED
is commonly known as the a rectangular solid. All the faces and
bases of a rectangular solid are rectangles. A rectangular solid has
three important dimensions-length, width, and height. These
dimensions determine the diagonal length, surface area and volume a
of a rectangular solid.
FIGURE ILLUSTRATION VOLUME AREA DIAGONAL

Rectangular Total Surface Area FACE DIAGONAL

Parallelepiped
(Cuboid)

Lateral Surface Area

SPACE DIAGONAL
A = 2ab + 2bc

CHARACTERESTICS
All faces of rectangular parallelepiped are
rectangles and two opposite faces are
equal rectangles.
Properties of Rectangular Parallelepiped
1. Parallel edges of rectangular
parallelepiped are equal in length.
2. Any two opposite faces of rectangular
parallelepiped are equal and parallel
rectangles.
EXAMPLE:
1. Counting 38 cu. ft. of coal to a ton, how many
tons will a coal bin 19 ft. long, 6 ft. wide, and 9
ft. deep contain, when level full?
SOLUTION:
EXAMPLE:
2. Building bricks are closely stacked in a pile 7 ft.
high, 36 ft. long, and
12 ft. wide. If the bricks are 2 in. by 4 in. by 9
in., how many bricks are in the pile?
SOLUTION: