TO-HQ-02-072 Rev 00 Philosophy For Active Fire Protection - Onshore

OMV Exploration & Production GmbH
Philosophy
for
Active Fire Protection Systems
Onshore
Document Number
TO-HQ-02-072-00
00 Final Issue WAM 31/05/05 JEA 31/05/05 PZ 03/06/05 MF 03/06/05
A2 Client Comments Incorporated IM 15/3/05 WAM 15/3/05
A1 DRAFT WAM 9/12/04 GA 9/12/04
Issue Issue or Revision Description Origin Date Chkd Date Appd Date Appd Date
Rev By By By By
Revision History
Revision Description of revision
A1 Draft for Comment Review
A2 Client Comments Incorporated
00 Final Issue
Philosophy for Active Fire Protection Document Number Rev Page

Onshore TO-HQ-02-072 00 2 of 20
CONTENTS
1.0 PREFACE .......................................................................................................................5
2.0 DEFINITIONS .................................................................................................................5
3.0 ABBREVIATIONS...........................................................................................................6
4.0 INTRODUCTION.............................................................................................................6
5.0 APPLICABLE CODES, STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS........................................6

5.1 Codes and Standards List ............................................................................................... 7
5.2 References ........................................................................................................................ 7
6.0 SYSTEM GOAL ..............................................................................................................8
7.0 SYSTEM BOUNDARIES ................................................................................................9
8.0 DESIGN PHILOSOPHY ..................................................................................................9

8.1 Fire Water Distribution Systems ................................................................................... 10
8.2 Deluge Systems.............................................................................................................. 13
8.3 Sprinkler Systems .......................................................................................................... 14
8.4 Foam Systems ................................................................................................................ 14
8.5 CO2 Systems ................................................................................................................... 16
8.6 Gaseous Extinguishing/Suppression Systems ........................................................... 16
8.7 Water Mist Systems........................................................................................................ 17
8.8 Hydrants and Hosereels ................................................................................................ 17
8.9 Portable Fire Extinguishers........................................................................................... 18
8.10 Monitors .......................................................................................................................... 18
9.0 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS .......................................................................................18

9.1 General ............................................................................................................................ 18
10.0 MAINTENANCE IN DESIGN ........................................................................................19
11.0 DOCUMENTATION REQUIREMENTS.........................................................................19

12.0 CERTIFYING AUTHORITY REVIEW REQUIREMENTS..............................................20

1.0 PREFACE
This Philosophy defines the OMV Exploration & Production GmbH corporate
policy on the design of Active Fire Protection (AFP) Systems for onshore
hydrocarbon production and processing facilities. The document specifies
basic requirements and criteria, defines the appropriate codes and
standards, and assists in the standardisation of facilities’ design across all
onshore operations.
The design process needs to consider project specific factors such as the
location, production composition, production rates and pressures, the
process selected and the size of the plant. This philosophy aims to address
a wide range of the above variables, however it is recognised that not all
circumstances can be covered. In situations where project specific
considerations may justify deviation from this philosophy, a document
supporting the request for deviation shall be submitted to OMV E&P for
approval.
Reference should be made to the parent of this philosophy, document

number TO-HQ-02-001 for information on deviation procedures and
Technical Authorities, general requirements and definitions and
abbreviations not specific to this document
2.0 DEFINITIONS
The following definitions are relevant to this document.
AFP System A system which can be activated upon detection of fire, gas
or explosion effectively designed to control, mitigate,
suppress or extinguish the fire to maintain a predetermined
level of safety for a predetermined duration.
Fire Area An area that is physically separated from other areas by

space, barriers, walls or other means in order to contain
fire within that area

3.0 ABBREVIATIONS
The following abbreviations are relevant to this document.

AFFF Aqueous Film Forming Foam
CCR Central Control Room
FFFP Film Forming Fluoroprotein Foam
4.0 INTRODUCTION
This document defines the OMV Exploration & Production GmbH corporate
policy for the design basis and philosophy of Active Fire Protection (AFP) on
its onshore facilities.
By specifying the basic requirements and criteria, and defining the appropriate
codes and standards, this philosophy intends to guide the selection and
design of AFP Systems and standardise this process across all onshore
facilities operated by OMV.
5.0 APPLICABLE CODES, STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS
Codes, standards and regulations referred to in this philosophy shall be of the

latest edition and shall be applied in the following order of precedence: -
• Local Regulations,
• The provision of this document,
• International standards (e.g. ISO, IEC etc),
• National standards.
Design of the active fire protection system shall comply with the standards listed
within this philosophy, however, for instances where local standards are more
onerous local standards shall apply.

5.1 Codes and Standards List

ISO Petroleum and Natural Gas Industries –Control and Mitigation
13702:1999 of Fires and Explosions on Offshore Production Installations –
Requirements and Guidelines
NFPA 10 Standard for Portable Fire Extinguishers
NFPA 11/11A Low Expansion Foam/Medium and High Expansion Foam
Systems
NFPA 11C Standard for Mobile Foam Apparatus
NFPA 12 Standards on Carbon Dioxide Extinguishing Systems
NFPA 13 Installation of Sprinkler Systems
NFPA 15 Standard for Water Spray Fixed Systems for Fire Protection
NFPA 16 Installation of Deluge Foam – Water Sprinkler Systems and
Foam Water Spray Systems
NFPA 17 Standard for Dry Chemical Extinguishing Systems
NFPA 20 Standard for the Installation of Stationery Fire Pumps for Fire
Protection
NFPA 24 Standards for the Installation of Private Fire Service Mains
and their Appurtenances
NFPA 30 Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code
NFPA 750 Standard for the Installation of Water Mist Fire Protection
Systems
NFPA 2001 Standard for Clean Agent Fire Extinguishing Systems
5.2 References
IP Guidelines for the Design and Protection of
Pressure Systems to Withstand Severe Fires, (March
2003)
IP Model Code of Safe Practice, Part 19 - Fire

Precautions at Petroleum Refineries and Bulk Storage
Installations

Guidelines for Fire Protection in Chemical,

Petrochemical and Hydrocarbon Processing Facilities,
AIChemE Publication (2003)
Handbook of Fire and Explosion Protection

Engineering Principles for Oil, Gas, Chemical and
Related Facilities, Dennis, P. and Nolan, P.E., Noyes
Publications (1996)
TO-HQ-02-025 Philosophy for Fire and Gas Systems Onshore
TO-HQ-02-073 Philosophy for Passive Fire Protection Systems

Onshore
TO-HQ-02-074 Philosophy for Safety Equipment Onshore
TO-HQ-02-075 Philosophy for Escape, Evacuation and Rescue

Onshore
6.0 SYSTEM GOAL
The goal of the AFP Systems shall primarily be for the protection of personnel
in the event of a fire or explosion with secondary consideration being given to
the protection of plant and equipment combined with environmental protection
requirements.The AFP Systems shall achieve their goals by the following
means:
• Control
• Suppression
• Extinguishment
• Providing measures to limit the effects or escalation of a hazardous
consequence
• Providing local and remote manual facilities for the operation of fixed
fire fighting systems
• Providing audible and visual alarm information to alert the Central
Control Room (CCR) to enable the operator to assess the situation
• Providing audible and visual alarm information to site personnel,
where considered to be needed, for personnel to take any necessary
action
7.0 SYSTEM BOUNDARIES
The boundary of the safety system is the:
• interface with F&G system

• interface with HVAC system
• interface with equipment control systems
• interface with PAGA system
• interface with electrical systems
• interface with drainage system
The safety system shall include the interposing relay panels used for the above
interfaces.
• Interface to the Process Control Systems and Emergency Shutdown

Systems
• Interface to High Integrity Pressure Protection Systems (HIPPS)
8.0 DESIGN PHILOSOPHY
Active Fire Protection (AFP) is, ‘the application of fire extinguishing or protective
media to surfaces exposed to or threatened by heat or potential ignition during an
emergency’ and the basic premise of any AFP System is to mitigate or control
the detrimental effects of fire and explosion to a facility’s safety, although
extinguishment is often achieved.
AFP Systems shall be designed in accordance with the general provisions

detailed in ISO 13702, as applicable to onshore installations, in so far as that all
systems and equipment shall be suitable for their intended environment and
application and shall be supported with type approval certification evidence for
their major components. If it is considered essential, the installation of AFP
Systems shall be such that they are located or protected in order that they will be
able to withstand the expected fire or explosion loading for a duration defined as
appropriate for the given situation.
AFP Systems shall be based on the installation’s Fire and Explosion Risk
Assessment (FERA). The following are those AFP Systems which should be
considered during the design for Onshore Plant:
• Fire Water Distribution Systems

• Deluge Systems
• Sprinkler Systems
• Foam Systems
• CO2 Systems
• Gaseous Extinguishing/Suppression Systems – Halon Replacement
• Water Mist Systems
• Hydrants
• Portable Fire Extinguishers
• Monitors
8.1 Fire Water Distribution Systems
8.1.1 Firewater Pumps
Firewater distribution is generally via a ringmain, which feeds each end-user

through a pipe network supplied with water charged from the firewater pumps.
The firewater pumps shall be designed in accordance with the requirements of
NFPA 20, with the basic premise being that the firewater demand should not
outstrip the supply.
In accordance with NFPA 15, a single firewater system shall not protect more
than one Fire Area, in which a Fire Area is defined as one that is physically
separated from other areas by space, barriers, walls or other means in order
to contain fire within that area (‘other means’ may include the use of dykes
and special drainage systems).
In order to evaluate the required firewater pump capacity it will be necessary

to identify the maximum firewater demand, whilst considering the most
onerous fire event. Maximum firewater demand shall be based on the largest
number of firewater systems which are going to be actuated simultaneously
and derive the firewater demand from the firewater application rates.
NFPA 15 offers guidance for determining how many systems will be activated
in a given fire scenario based on the following:
• The possible flow of burning liquids between areas before or during

the operation of the water spray systems

• Possible flow of hot gases between Fire Areas that could actuate
adjacent systems
• Flammable gas detection set to automatically actuate a water spray
system
• Any other factors that would result in the actuation of systems
considered outwith the primary Fire Area
For large areas with many adjacent systems provided that effective measures
have been taken to avoid the escalation factors identified above, e.g. suitable
floor drainage, bunding or effective separation, then the largest firewater
demand can be determined by adding the flowrate for any system to the
flowrates for all immediately adjacent systems.
Design density rates shall be based on test data, published data or knowledge
concerning the particular materials and hazards associated with the
site/installation. Minimum design density rates are published in NFPA 15 and
IP Part 19 and these should be referenced during system design.
It should be understood that the firewater pump capacity shall include factors
additional to the firewater demand, which are designed to compensate for the
effects of water wastage and environmental impact, i.e. wind, as well as
additional users such as the use of hoses and hydrants.
When sizing firewater pumps, the following compensation factors should be

applied to account for the loss effects summarised above:
General Area Protection +15% (Minimum)
Vessels +30% (Minimum)
Equipment (valves, compressor packages, etc) +20% (Minimum)
A minimum of 10% should also be added for the effects of hydraulic

imbalance
Note: Major changes in static pressure (due to elevation changes)

should also be considered in addition to the above.
Firewater supply will need to be sufficient so as to deliver water to the AFP

System(s) at the required pressure and for the required duration. The duration
being applicable to the hazards associated with the equipment or area being

protected but can be assumed to be for a minimum of 4 hours, however it

should be noted that careful engineering judgement at the design stage can
potentially limit the density and duration requirements for those systems
adjacent to the primary Fire Area.
The number of firewater pumps shall be at least 2, with sufficient redundancy

capacity in the event of a single pump failure of a minimum of 50% of the total
maximum firewater demand and this may be increased depending on the
outcome of the site specific risk assessment. It is for this reason that duty and
standby fire pumps should be housed in suitable fire/blast rated enclosures (or
a safe area) and they should derive their power from 2 different independent
sources, i.e. 1 electrically driven and the other diesel driven, and they should
be located as far as practicable away from one another to avoid common
mode failure.
8.1.2 Distribution Systems
The firewater ringmain is the water distribution pipework, which generally

forms a ring-loop around the installation from which branch piping leads away
to supply all fixed water-based AFP Systems. The ringmain can be either a
‘dry’ or a ‘wet’ system and, as the name suggests, a dry system is normally in
a dry, drained condition, whereas a wet system is permanently charged with
water at a pressure maintained by the firewater jockey pumps.
It should be noted that the firewater “jockey” pumps should be adequately

sized to compensate for small leakages and incidental usage without reducing
the pressure in the ringmain to a level that would start-up the main firewater
pumps.
From a reliability point of view it is suggested that dry systems be avoided.

Also, for a more timely discharge of water to the Fire Area a wet system is
advised. When considering a wet system, if the water in the distribution
system is considered to be susceptible to freezing or corrosion (as a result of
poor quality water supply) then provisions need to be designed into the system
to counteract these negative effects, such as, burying the pipework or heat
tracing, and flushing of the system.
The choice of material and path taken by the distribution piping will have a
considerable effect on the system hydraulic calculations and should be
carefully considered during design in order to achieve the most efficient
system possible.

8.2 Deluge Systems

The design of both Passive Fire Protection (PFP) and AFP Systems for
onshore installations depends upon the nature of the equipment/area being
protected and the degree of proximity to potential sources of ignition or routes
of escalation.
Deluge systems, like most fixed AFP Systems, shall be arranged for automatic
operation and supplemented with means for manual actuation.
As for all hydraulically dependent systems, pressure loss calculations shall

consider the piping material and distribution network arrangement and full
hydraulic analysis shall be carried out by competent personnel for each
individual system to determine flowrates, system pressures, pipe sizes, and
pump capacity, etc on a case-by-case basis. Hydraulic simulation modelling
tools are available for hydraulic calculations and surge (or ‘water-hammer’)
analysis and should be employed during the system design.
Onshore facilities have the advantage of being more amenable to the benefits
of separation afforded by the fact that the site often covers a considerably
large area, unlike an offshore installation where space is considered to be at
much more of a premium. However, the same principles for determining the
maximum water demand as described in NFPA 15 and summarised in Section
8.1.1 above, shall be applied.
Thermal radiation levels reduce over distance, which is why physical

separation is considered the most effective method of preventing escalation,
however achieving the separation distances required to totally alleviate the
potential for escalation is not always practical therefore AFP and PFP systems
are required to achieve this goal.
When designing deluge systems for use in Onshore Plant the designer should
consider the potentially worst fire case, in which there is a primary affected
Fire Area and adjacent areas also requiring protection from the effects of
thermal radiation and the other modes of escalation identified in Section 8.1.1
above. The Institute of Petroleum has issued guidance concerning the deluge
discharge densities for use in onshore petroleum refineries and bulk storage
installations and it is suggested that these be utilised during design.
NFPA 15 also offers guidance on the deluge nozzle arrangements for

equipment/vessel protection and these should be referred to during design.

Deluge systems are specific to their intended application and as such shall be
designed on a case-by-case basis and submitted to OMV prior to
implementation.
Water curtain deluge systems may also be considered in cases where

physical boundaries are not practical or for the protection of escape ways.
Density flow rates should be based on the fire loading for the worst-case
scenario and the guidance given in NFPA 15.
8.3 Sprinkler Systems

NFPA 13 shall be referenced during the design of firewater sprinkler systems.
As a reference, IP 19 also offers guidance in their design and application.
Automatic firewater sprinkler systems should be considered with respect to

local regulations for the protection of accommodation areas and other
designated spaces within them, such as plant rooms, etc, where class A fire
hazards exist. Class A fires are those defined by the combustion of cellulosic
materials such as wood, cloth, paper, rubber and certain plastics.
The type, size and number of sprinkler heads that will operate upon detection
of fire, as well as the water discharge rate and duration are linked to the
hazard classification of the area. NFPA 13 shall be referenced for the
appropriate hazard classification and the aforementioned design parameters.
Sprinkler distribution systems shall be subject to detailed hydraulic calculation,

alike to those required for deluge systems and detailed in Section 8.2 above.
Foam sprinkler system may also be considered depending on the hazards

involved.
Automatic sprinkler systems are specific to their intended application and as

such shall be designed on a case-by-case basis and submitted to OMV prior
to implementation.
8.4 Foam Systems

Foam as applied to firefighting aims to extinguish fire by forming a heat-resistant
blanket, which effectively forms a barrier between the fuel and its oxygen supply
and suppresses the vaporisation of the fuel.
Commonly used for hydrocarbon pool fires, its effectiveness relies on the forming
of a complete and uninterrupted surface coverage as any break in the barrier will
allow the fire to sustain which will destroy the remaining foam blanket. The
effects of wind and other mechanisms which could diminish the integrity of the
foam barrier should be considered during the design stage – weather shielding is
one possible solution to minimising the effects of adverse weather considerations
however, the additional confinement this would create should be carefully
considered when considering potential blast overpressures.
The type of foam shall be specific to the hazard however, foams are generally
categorised in terms of their expansion ratio (volume of foam: volume of foam
concentrate in water), i.e. low, medium or high-expansion.
8.4.1 Low Expansion Foam
NFPA 11 shall be consulted during the design of fixed foam systems as the
standard for low-expansion foam.
Low-expansion foams can expand by up to 20 times. The primary advantages of

low-expansion foam are that it can be projected over relatively long distances –
useful for application via firewater/foam monitors – and its ability to spread and
form a coherent barrier quickly.
AFFF and FFFP are common types of low-expansion foam but guidance should
be sought regarding the concentration of the foam solution as well as its
suitability to the hazards involved.
There are critical application rates defined for low-expansion foam in NFPA 11,
below which fire extinction is not achieved as the foam is destroyed too rapidly.
IP Part 19 also provides guidance in the design of fixed foam systems.
8.4.2 Medium-Expansion Foam
NFPA 11A should be consulted during the design of fixed foam systems as the
standard for medium and high-expansion foams.
Medium-expansion foams expand by 20 to 200 times and are generally utilised in

small-volume fill applications and are noted for having a shorter throw distance
than its low-expansion counterpart.
Critical application rates for medium-expansion foams, below which fire extinction
is not achieved as the foam is destroyed too rapidly, are detailed in NFPA 11A,.
IP Part 19 also provides guidance in the design of fixed foam systems.
8.4.3 High-Expansion Foam

High-expansion foams expand by 200 to 1000 times and are suited to large
enclosed volume fill applications. Discharge is more of a pour than a pressurised
release and it is therefore not suitable for ‘throw’ applications.
Critical application rates for high-expansion foams, below which fire extinction is
not achieved as the foam is destroyed too rapidly, are detailed in NFPA 11A,. IP
Part 19 also provides guidance in the design of fixed foam systems.
8.5 CO2 Systems

Reference shall be made to NFPA 12 during the design of fixed CO2
extinguishing systems.
Carbon Dioxide (CO2) is an inert gas and extinguishes fire by action of oxygen
displacement, effectively creating an environment unsuitable for sustaining
combustion.
NFPA 12 advises that the use of CO2 extinguishing systems shall be limited to
the following applications:
• Where an inert and electrically nonconductive medium is required

• Where the clean-up of another extinguishing medium could present a
problem
• For economical reasons
It is important to note that the discharge of CO2 in concentrations

commensurate with fire extinction is seriously hazardous to health and
arrangements shall be made to warn personnel that may be present in the
protected enclosure of imminent activation and for the prevention of spurious
discharge, in accordance with the requirements of NFPA 12.
Attention should also be given to the provision of lock-off and fail-safe

mechanisms for initiating CO2 in accordance with the requirements outlined in
NFPA 12.
CO2 extinguishing systems are specific to their intended application and as

such shall be designed on a case-by-case basis and submitted to OMV prior
to implementation.
8.6 Gaseous Extinguishing/Suppression Systems

Guidance shall be sought from NFPA 2001 during the design of gaseous
extinguishing systems not covered elsewhere in this philosophy.
Gaseous extinguishing systems are specific to their intended application and

as such shall be designed on a case-by-case basis and submitted to OMV
prior to implementation.
8.6.1 Halon Replacement
Under the Montreal Protocol of 1987 (as amended) the use Halon and other
ozone depleting agents in fire extinguishing systems is restricted and has
resulted in the need to find other suitable media for new applications and to
replace existing Halon systems, as applicable. NFPA 2001 offers alternatives
and design guidance with respect to Halon replacement and should be
referred to during system designs.
Replacement of all existing Halon systems on OMV operated prospects shall

be undertaken immediately for all assets where still in use in order to comply
with the above protocol, especially in instances of brownfield developments
with significant interfaces with the new facilities.
8.7 Water Mist Systems

Water mist extinguishing systems may be considered as an alternative to CO2
and extinguishes fire by means of oxygen displacement and heat absorption
much like other firewater extinguishing systems but with a much reduced
water usage. Water mist systems are non-hazardous to personnel upon
discharge and shall be designed in accordance with the standards and
guidance detailed in NFPA 750.
Water mist systems are specific to their intended application and as such shall
be designed on a case-by-case basis and submitted to OMV prior to
implementation.
8.8 Hydrants and Hosereels

Firewater hydrants and hosereels shall be provided to supplement the fixed AFP
Systems. They should be connected to the firewater ringmain and located in
accordance with the requirements of NFPA 15, which requires that every part of
an installation shall be capable of being reached by water from 2 different
hydrants. It should be noted that the firewater pump size will need to consider
the utilisation of 2 hydrants as supplemental fire fighting applications in addition
to the maximum requirements of fixed fire fighting systems as described in
Section 8.1.1.

Hosereels should be sited in permanent and accessible locations with clear and
appropriate signage indicating their position and operating instructions at their
base.
The provision of hosereels in accommodation areas shall be similarly designed in

accordance with NFPA 15, which includes the firewater risers for areas of
multiple storeys.
Minimum discharge densities for hosereels are detailed in NFPA 15 and should
be considered during the firewater system design.
8.9 Portable Fire Extinguishers

Portable fire extinguishers of suitable size and extinguishing medium shall be
positioned, housed and maintained in accordance with the requirements of NFPA
10 and NFPA 11C, as appropriate.
8.10 Monitors
Guidance for the design of fixed firewater/foam monitors is available from IP Part
19. Fixed firewater/foam monitors shall also be provided to supplement fixed
AFP Systems and should be capable of both manual and remote activation and
operation, where appropriate.
Their position should consider the required throw distance, discharge density and
pressure required to reach the piece of equipment or area they are protecting.
Section 8.4 discusses the different type of foams available and NFPA 11 and
11A supplement IP Part 19 with guidance regarding the appropriate design
discharge densities and foam concentrations where appropriate.
9.0 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
9.1 General
The design of the safety system should take account of the following:
• Size, type and location of facility

• Life cycle costs as well as the capital cost, for example testing costs,
false trip costs, commissioning and modification costs
• Human factors

• Preventing nuisance trips. Although 1ooN voting is good from a safety

architecture position it is poor with respect to higher probability of
process interruptions. Repetitious nuisance trips may also create a
situation where operators reset the trip without investigation which may
eventually lead to an incident
• Selection and positioning of the correct field equipment suitable for the
process and environmental conditions
• The safety system shall provide protection for normal operation and for
the conditions that may arise from an abnormal condition
• Relevant safety studies, e.g. FERA.
10.0 MAINTENANCE IN DESIGN
The AFP Systems shall be designed taking maintainability into consideration by

simplifying maintenance and reducing maintenance costs where practical.
There should be sufficient maintenance overrides to enable parts of the AFP

Systems to be maintained and tested minimising operational down time.
The AFP Systems should be designed to allow modifications and development to

be implemented whilst minimising disruption to the process or the reduction in the
levels of safety provided, the safety studies FERA, EERA and ESSA should be
taken into consideration.
11.0 DOCUMENTATION REQUIREMENTS
The following project documents should be produced as a minimum to cover the

design of the safety system:
• Front end engineering design (FEED)

• Design specification for the AFP Systems (hardware and software)
• Hierarchy drawing
• Safe charts as per API 14C
• Cause and effect drawings of AFP Systems
• Functional design specification of AFP Systems
• Relevant Safety Studies

Detailed design:
• Documents listed under FEED above

• Matrix layout drawing
• General arrangement drawings
• AFP System layout drawings
• AFP System P&IDs
• AFP System calculations
12.0 CERTIFYING AUTHORITY REVIEW REQUIREMENTS
In the case where independent third part certification is required, the Certifying
Authority (CA) will require as a minimum the following documents for review:
• Basis of design document

• Functional design specification
• AFP System layout drawings
• AFP System P&IDs
• AFP System calculations
• AFP System type approval certification (as appropriate)
These should be issued to the CA in a timely manner to obtain approval before

commencing construction.


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OMV Exploration & Production GmbH

00 Final Issue WAM 31/05/05 JEA 31/05/05 PZ 03/06/05 MF 03/06/05

A2 Client Comments Incorporated IM 15/3/05 WAM 15/3/05

A1 DRAFT WAM 9/12/04 GA 9/12/04

Philosophy for Active Fire Protection Document Number Rev Page

1.0 PREFACE .......................................................................................................................5

2.0 DEFINITIONS .................................................................................................................5

5.0 APPLICABLE CODES, STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS........................................6

6.0 SYSTEM GOAL ..............................................................................................................8

7.0 SYSTEM BOUNDARIES ................................................................................................9

8.0 DESIGN PHILOSOPHY ..................................................................................................9

9.0 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS .......................................................................................18

10.0 MAINTENANCE IN DESIGN ........................................................................................19

11.0 DOCUMENTATION REQUIREMENTS.........................................................................19

Philosophy for Active Fire Protection Document Number Rev Page

12.0 CERTIFYING AUTHORITY REVIEW REQUIREMENTS..............................................20

Philosophy for Active Fire Protection Document Number Rev Page

Reference should be made to the parent of this philosophy, document

The following definitions are relevant to this document.

Fire Area An area that is physically separated from other areas by

Philosophy for Active Fire Protection Document Number Rev Page

The following abbreviations are relevant to this document.

5.0 APPLICABLE CODES, STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS

Codes, standards and regulations referred to in this philosophy shall be of the

Philosophy for Active Fire Protection Document Number Rev Page

5.1 Codes and Standards List

IP Model Code of Safe Practice, Part 19 - Fire

Philosophy for Active Fire Protection Document Number Rev Page

Guidelines for Fire Protection in Chemical,

Handbook of Fire and Explosion Protection

TO-HQ-02-025 Philosophy for Fire and Gas Systems Onshore

TO-HQ-02-073 Philosophy for Passive Fire Protection Systems

TO-HQ-02-074 Philosophy for Safety Equipment Onshore

TO-HQ-02-075 Philosophy for Escape, Evacuation and Rescue

6.0 SYSTEM GOAL

7.0 SYSTEM BOUNDARIES

The boundary of the safety system is the:

• interface with F&G system

• Interface to the Process Control Systems and Emergency Shutdown

8.0 DESIGN PHILOSOPHY

AFP Systems shall be designed in accordance with the general provisions

• Fire Water Distribution Systems

8.1 Fire Water Distribution Systems

8.1.1 Firewater Pumps

Firewater distribution is generally via a ringmain, which feeds each end-user

In order to evaluate the required firewater pump capacity it will be necessary

• The possible flow of burning liquids between areas before or during

Philosophy for Active Fire Protection Document Number Rev Page

When sizing firewater pumps, the following compensation factors should be

General Area Protection +15% (Minimum)

Vessels +30% (Minimum)

Equipment (valves, compressor packages, etc) +20% (Minimum)

A minimum of 10% should also be added for the effects of hydraulic

Note: Major changes in static pressure (due to elevation changes)

Firewater supply will need to be sufficient so as to deliver water to the AFP

Philosophy for Active Fire Protection Document Number Rev Page

protected but can be assumed to be for a minimum of 4 hours, however it

The number of firewater pumps shall be at least 2, with sufficient redundancy

8.1.2 Distribution Systems

The firewater ringmain is the water distribution pipework, which generally

It should be noted that the firewater “jockey” pumps should be adequately

From a reliability point of view it is suggested that dry systems be avoided.

Philosophy for Active Fire Protection Document Number Rev Page