Review Innovations CE Review for May 2022 – Steel Design 3

Situation 1.
7. What is the critical effective slenderness ratio?
Given: 8. What is the critical load Pc in kN?
S=3m L=9m 9. What is the buckling stress of the column?
Superimposed dead load = 6.0 kPa
Live load = 4.8 kPa Situation 4.

Properties of beam CG (Wide Flange): A built-up section consisting of W350x90 with two 12 mm
d = 350 mm Sx = 2340 x 103 mm3 plates to form a box section as shown. The section is used as
tw = 12 mm rt = 50 mm a column 10 m long. The column is fixed at the bottom end,
tf = 18 mm wb = 97 kg/m hinged at the top end and braced at 4 m from the top about
bf = 360 mm Fy = 345 MPa the weak axis. Use Fy = 248 MPa.

1. What is the maximum bending stress (MPa) in beam CG?

2. What is the permissible flexural stress (MPa) if the
compression flange of the beam is laterally supported
only at every 3 m? Properties of W350x90:
3. What is the allowable flexural stress (MPa) if the bf = 250 mm Ix = 266 x 106 mm4
compression flange of the beam is laterally supported d = 350 mm Iy = 44.54 x 106 mm4
only at midspan and the length of the is 10 m? Cb = 1.0 tf = 16.4 mm A = 11550 mm2
tw = 9.5 mm
Situation 2.
10. Effective slenderness ratio of the column with respect to
A steel beam having a simple span of 8 m is subjected to a lateral bucking about the x-axis.
moment M at the left end (clockwise) and 25% of M at the 11. Effective slenderness ratio of the column with respect to
right end (counterclockwise). It has no lateral support and lateral bucking about the y-axis.
has the following properties: 12. Axial load capacity of the column in kN using NSCP.
Properties of wide flange:
bf = 210 mm rt = 53 mm Situation 5.
d = 533 mm Sx = 2.06 x 106 mm3
tf = 16 mm Fy = 248 MPa A compression member of a steel truss 4.5 m long consist of
4. Find the slenderness ratio of the beam. two angles 150x100x10 mm with long legs back to back
5. Determine the allowable bending stress. spaced at 10 mm apart.
6. Compute the moment capacity
Properties of one angle:
Ix = 5.58 x 106 mm4 Iy = 2.20 x 106 mm4
Situation 3. x = 23.75 mm y = 48.75 mm
A = 2400 mm2 Fy = 345 MPa
An 8 m long steel column is pinned at the top and fixed at E = 200000 MPa
the bottom. The column is provided with lateral support at
midheight about the weak axis. Assuming that the ends are hinged and using NSCP
specification determine the following:
The properties of the column section are as follows:
Ix = 178.1 x 106 mm4 13. Effective slenderness ratio about x-axis
Iy = 18.8 x 106 mm4 14. Effective slenderness ratio about y-axis
A = 8129 mm2 15. Allowable axial stress.
Fy = 400 MPa 16. Safe axial load that the member could carry.
17. Long legs back to back spacing to be equally strong at
k = effective length factor both axes
k = 1.0 when both ends are pinned
k = 0.5 when both ends are fixed
k = 0.7 when one end is fixed and other end is pinned

Manila FB: @ReviewInnovationsOfficial Cebu FB: Excel-RI CE Review Specialist Inc. Davao FB: Review Innovations Davao Branch
 (02) 8735-9161 0919-227-9194  (032) 268-5989 0919-822 -5048  (082) 221-1121 0930-256-0998
 Review Innovations CE Review for May 2022 – Steel Design 3
Problem for practice:
NSCP:
A concentrated load P is acting at the center of the
beam having a simple span of 9 m. The beam is
made up of wide flange with a yield strength of 345 Allowable Compressive Stress
Mpa. The beam is laterally supported only at every
3m distance. Neglect the weight of the beam. kL
Properties of wide flange: When  Cc (Short column)
r
d = 350 mm tw = 12 mm
bf = 360 mm Sx = 2340 x 103 mm3
tf = 18 mm
 (kL / r)2  Fy
12. To consider the beam as laterally supported, what is the
Fa = 1−  → formula − 1
maximum unbraced length of the beam?  2Cc 2  FS
13. Determine the allowable bending stress.
14. Find the maximum value of load P, assume that bending Factor of Safety
governs.
3
5 3  kL / r  1  kL / r 
A laterally supported steel beam having a simple span of 7m FS = +  −  
with yield strength of 250MPa and the section has the 3 8  Cc  8  Cc 
following properties:

Properties of wide flange: Compression Index:

bf = 500 mm d = 724 mm
tf = 12 mm tw = 10 mm
2π 2E
Cc =
15. Determine the allowable bending stress. Fy
16. Compute the allowable moment.
17. Compute the safe uniform load.

The W350x90 section is used as a column 10 m long. The kL

column is fixed at one end and hinged at the other end.
When  Cc
Braced at midheight about the weak axis (y-axis). Use Fy =
r (Long column)
248 MPa.
12π 2E
Properties of W350 x 90: Fa = → formula − 2
bf = 250 mm
d = 350 mm
Ix = 266 x 106 mm4
Iy = 44.54 x 106 mm4
23(kL / r)2
tf = 16.4 mm A = 11550 mm2

18. Determine the effective slenderness ratio of the column L – unsupported length or unbraced length
with respect to lateral bucking about the x-axis.
kL/r – effective slenderness ratio
19. Determine the effective slenderness ratio of the column
with respect to lateral bucking about the y-axis
20. Determine the axial load capacity of the column in kN
using NSCP.
End fixity factor or effective length factor(k)
The W350x90 section is used as a column 12m long. The
column is fixed at one end and the other end. Use Fy =
END CONDITION k
250MPa.
Both ends are fixed 0.5
Properties of W350x90: One end fixed the other is hinged 0.7
bf = 250 mm Ix = 266 x 106 mm4 Both ends are hinged 1.0
d = 350 mm Iy = 44.54 x 106 mm4
tf = 16.4 mm A = 11550 mm2 One end fixed the other end is free 2.0
tw = 9.5mm

21. Determine the effective slenderness ratio of the column

with respect to lateral bucking about the x-axis.
22. Determine the effective slenderness ratio of the column
with respect to lateral bucking about the y-axis.
23. Determine the allowable axial stress of the column in
MPa.
24. Determine the axial load capacity of the column in kN.

Manila FB: @ReviewInnovationsOfficial Cebu FB: Excel-RI CE Review Specialist Inc. Davao FB: Review Innovations Davao Branch
 (02) 8735-9161 0919-227-9194  (032) 268-5989 0919-822 -5048  (082) 221-1121 0930-256-0998
 Review Innovations CE Review for May 2022 – Steel Design 3

NSCP: Allowable bending stress CASE II - LATERALLY UNSUPPORTED BEAMS (L > Lc)
The value of Lc, as given by the smaller of:
703270Cb L 3516330 Cb
A. If  
200b f 137900 Fy rt Fy
or d
Fy Fy ( )
Af 2 Fy (L / rt ) 2 
Fb =  3 − 10.55x106 C  Fy
bf- base of compression flange  b 

d- depth of section
Af- area of compression flange

Fb = 82740Cb
Fy- yield strength of steel

L(d / A f )
CASE I - LATERALLY SUPPORTED BEAMS (L ≤ Lc)

a) For compact section - use the bigger value but not greater than 0.60Fy

Fb = 0.66Fy (bending about the strong axis) or B. If

L
≥ 3516330 Cb
rt Fy

Fb = 0.75Fy (bending about the weak axis) 1172100 Cb

Fb =
(L / rt )
2

1.
bf Fy < 170
2t f

2. d
F < 1680 Fb = 82740Cb
tw y L(d / A f )
b) For partially compact section use
- use the bigger value but not greater than 0.60Fy
b
Fb = ( 0.79 - 0.000762 2tf Fy ) Fy
f L 703270Cb
C. If ≤
bf F rt Fy
1. 170 < y < 250
2t f 82740Cb
Fb =
2. d < 1680 L(d / A f )
Fy
tw
- but not greater than 0.60Fy
c) For non-compact section

use Fb = 0.60Fy, where:

Cb = 1.75 + 1.05 (M1/M2) + 0.3 (M1/M2)2

but not more than 2.3

M1 – smaller end moment

M2 – bigger end moment

M1/M2 is positive when moments are of the same sign or

bending in double curvature.

M1/M2 is negative when moments are of the opposite sign or

bending in single curvature.

L - unsupported or unbraced length

rt – radius of gyration of compression flange plus 1/3 of the

compression web area about y-axis.

Manila FB: @ReviewInnovationsOfficial Cebu FB: Excel-RI CE Review Specialist Inc. Davao FB: Review Innovations Davao Branch
 (02) 8735-9161 0919-227-9194  (032) 268-5989 0919-822 -5048  (082) 221-1121 0930-256-0998