ACOB, CHRISLYN EDS J.

Gen Bio: Structural Components of the Cell Membrane

LEARNING ACTIVITY 2:

1. 1. Glycoprotein: protein with 2.2.Glycolipid: With

carbohydrate attached carbohydrate attached

7. Phospholipid
7.
Channel
3. Peripheral 4.4.Integral Membrane 5.5.Cholesterol
3.
Membrane proteins 6.6.Protein Channel
protein

STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS DEFINITION and FUNCTION

1. Glycoprotein: protein with
carbohydrate attached Glycoproteins are proteins and carbohydrate chains
that help the body perform a variety of functions,
including immunity. Many viruses use them to aid
their entry into cells, but they can also be used as
therapeutic or preventative targets for diseases like
leukemia.

2. Glycolipid: With carbohydrate
attached
3. Peripheral Membrane protein
4. Integral Membrane proteins
5. Cholesterol
6. Protein Channel
7. Phospholipid Channel
Glycolipids are lipids with a glycosidic bond
connecting them to a carbohydrate. Their job is to keep
the cell membrane stable and to make cellular
recognition easier. They play an important role in the
immune response as well as the connections that allow
cells to communicate with one another.
Peripheral membrane proteins are membrane proteins
that adhere only temporarily to the biological
membrane with which they are associated. These
proteins attach to integral membrane proteins, or
penetrate the peripheral regions of the lipid bilayer.
A membrane protein that is permanently attached to
the biological membrane is referred to as an integral
membrane protein. Its functions include transporters,
receptors, proteins involved in energy storage, and
proteins involved in cell adhesion. This answer was
helpful to florianmanteyw and 5 other users.
Cholesterol increases the packing of phospholipids,
which helps to restrict the passage of molecules.
Cholesterol can fit between phospholipid molecules,
preventing water-soluble molecules from diffusing
across the membrane.
A channel protein is an amino acid sequence that
embeds in the cell membrane and creates a hydrophilic
passageway for water and small, polar ions. Each
channel protein, like all transport proteins, has a size
and shape that keeps all but the most specific
molecules out.
Bilayers of phospholipids are essential components of
cell membranes. The lipid bilayer acts as a barrier
between the inside and outside of the cell, preventing
molecules and ions from passing through. The cell
membrane does, however, play an important role in
allowing selective passage of certain substances into
 and out of cells.

QUESTIONS:
1. How is the cell membrane regulate the movement of materials into or out of the cell?
The cell membrane controls the movement of substances in and out of cells by being selectively
permeable to ions and organic molecules. The cell membrane's primary function is to protect the
cell from its surroundings. It is made up of a phospholipid bilayer with proteins embedded in it.
2. Why does the cell membrane described as a fluid mosaic model?

because the cell membrane contains a wide variety of molecules that float along the lipids due to
the wide variety of molecules that make up the cell membrane

3. Describe a phospholipid bilayer.

Phospholipids are lipids that are made up of phospholipids. Phospholipid Bilayer is a type of lipid
molecule that is a major component of the Cell Membrane. Fats, waxes, and vitamins are Lipids
in nature and are made up of Lipids.
LEARNING ACTIVITY 3:
Directions. Think of a matter or object that can be likened to a cell membrane. List at least 3 then explain
elaborately why is it alike to a cell membrane.

1. Walls of a School

The school's walls protect all students, teachers, and anything else inside from dangerous people
such as terrorists, robbers, and other criminals. And school guards assist in determining which
individuals are only permitted to go outside and inside the school grounds.

2. Container

A container, as its name implies, is a place where anything can be stored for later use, such as
leftover foods to prevent them from being exposed to oxygen and other insects that could cause
the food to rot.

3. House

A house serves as a protective structure against rain, heat from the sun, wind, and other negative
factors that could harm the family or person inside.

GUIDE QUESTIONS:
 1. What is the significance of the structural components of the cell membrane?

The plasma membrane's principal role is to protect the cell from its surroundings. The plasma
membrane, which is made up of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins, is selectively
permeable to ions and organic molecules and regulates the passage of substances in and out of
cells.

2. Which structural components of the animal cell membrane can’t be found I n a plant cell
membrane? Why?

Plant cells lack centrosomes (or a pair of centrioles) and lysosomes. The Golgi bodies are
responsible for the production of microtubules in plant cells. Animal cells are far more advanced
than plant cells, which is why they have centrioles. Due to the absence of centrioles, spindle
production in plant cells differs greatly from that in animal cells.

LEARNING ACTIVITY 3: SMALL YET TERRIFIC

1. Compare the time it takes to break down a piece of biscuit with water and to break down a
piece of biscuit inside your mouth. What accounts for the difference in the breakdown of
biscuit?

= the type of solution that causes the biscuit to crumble Saliva in our mouth contains amylase
enzymes, which break down carbs.

2. Can you imagine what will happen if it takes many years for our body to hydrolyze
(breakdown with the action of water) the starch in the food that we eat? What do you think
may happen?

= If it takes our bodies several years to break down the starch in the food we eat by the action of
water, our entire biological system would suffer.

To begin, if the digestive system is not functioning properly, no food can be digested and no
nutrients vital to our bodies can be acquired from food.
It has such terrible side effects that all other organs, such as the kidneys, small and large intestines,
are damaged one by one.
We cannot survive for even a month if our digestive system fails.

HARVESTING THE CELL’S ENERGY RESERVES

CLOSURE/REFLECTION

I learned that a redox reaction are reactions in which one species is reduced and another is
oxidized. Therefore, the oxidation state of the species involved must change.
I learned that the oxidation numbers are the number allocated to each atom in a chemical. The
oxidation number, which can be positive, negative, or zero, reflects whether electrons are lost or
acquired. In other words, the oxidation number is a number that aids in the tracking of electrons
within an atom.

I enjoyed most on challenging myself and trying to answer the activities.

I want to learn more on how to determine if a redox reaction is occurred.