ESSENTIAL WORDS FOR IELTS

COHESIVE DEVICES
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WEL C OM E !
In this slideshow is a list of cohesive devices.
They are organized by their function.
DO NOT LEARN THEM ALL!
Learn a few from each slide.
ES S E N TI A L T I P 1

When you write as essay or report, only use

cohesive devices:
1. if you can use it correctly
2. if it is needed
ES S E N TI A L T I P 2

Do not use too many cohesive devices.

Use a few (about 2 in each paragraph) in an

effective, accurate, natural way.
ES S E N TI A L T I P 3

Try to vary where, in the sentence, you put

the cohesive device - don't always put it at
the start of the sentence.
OK! LETS START!
 D I NG S I M I LA R I D E A S
A D in fo rmati o n is a b o u t to b e a d d e d
te ll th e read e r that ex tra
e w ord s a n d p h ras e s
Thes

in addition as well as
additionally furthermore
also moreover
too not only…but also
GIV I N G E XA M P L E S
p le s a re a b o u t to b e given
te ll th e read e r th at exa m
s and phras e s
These word

for example to illustrate this

for instance
a good example
such as
of this is…
namely
 R I N G S I M I L A R I D E A S
C O M PA s im il a r
a d e r how tw o th ing s a re
p h ras e s te ll th e re
These words and

likewise in the same way

similarly equally
also
 RA S T I N G I D E A S
CONT d e r h ow tw o th in g s a re d iffe re n t
h ra s e s te ll th e rea
These word s and p

but on the other hand

however on the contrary
in contrast although
in comparison even though
SEQU EN C I N G
He re are s o m e ex a m p le s

After that, the numbers start to

decline.
Firstly, I believe that governments
must act to reduce C02 emissions.
GIVIN G A N O P I N I O N
ras e s intro d u ce a n o p in ion
These words and ph

in my opinion I feel that

in my view I agree with
I believe that I disagree with
I think that it seems to me that
EXP L A I NI N G C A U S E S
th e c a u s e s o f s o m e th ing
s an d p h ras e s in troduce
These w o rd

because of due to
owing to as a result of
EXAM P L E S

The ice caps are melting because of

global warming.
As a result of global warming, the ice
caps are melting.
 RI B I N G E F F E C T S
DESC e th e e ff e cts o f s o m e th ing
w o rd s an d p h ras e s in troduc
These

therefore consequently
thus as a result
G I V I N G R E A S O N S
th e rea s o n s fo r s o m e th ing
o rd s a n d p h ra s e s in tro duce
Thesew

because the reason why

so another reason is
SEQU EN C I N G
th e s e q ue n ce o f it e m s
th e read e r to und e rs ta nd
e se w o rd s a n d p h ras e s help
Th

firstly after that

secondly to begin with
next finally
then lastly
EMP A S I S I N G
ti o n to a n id ea o r ex a m ple
s e s h e lp yo u to d ra w atten
These words and phra

particularly certainly
in particular obviously
especially in fact
specifically clearly
RE FO RM U LA T I O N
s in g o f a p re v io u s id ea
h ra s e s in tro d uc e th e re phra
These words and p

in other words in simple terms

that is to say put more simply
rather
CON CED I N G I D E A S
g a n o th e r p o in t-o f- vie w
h ra s e s are fo r ac k n o w le dgin
These words and p

admittedly I concede that

on the other hand I admit that
another view is granted
CONCL U D I N G
e c o n clu s io n o f a n e ssay
an d p h ras e s in tro duce th
Thesew o rd s

in conclusion in summary
to conclude to sum up
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