Lecture notes: Chapter 5 Propeller theory Lecture notes: Chapter 5 Propeller theory

Problems: 5.1~5.27 
 V 2SC D  A VS2 V 2 
 S 
P5.1. If an aircraft of wing area S and drag coefficient C D is flying at speed V in air of  V 2 1  C D   VS2
 A  
density  , and if its single airscrew, of disc area A, produces a thrust equal to the
aircraft drag, show that the speed in the slipstream VS is, on the basis of Froude’s S
 Vs  V 1  C D (điều phải chứng minh)
momentum theory, A
S
VS  VC D 1  P5.2. A cooling fan is required to produce a stream of air 0.5 m in diameter with a
A
speed of 3 ms 1 when operating in a region of otherwise stationary air of standard
Hints: density. Assuming the stream of air to be the fully developed slipstream behind an
ideal actuator disc, and ignoring mixing between the jet and the surrounding air,
Because the aircraft’s single airscrew produces a thrust equal to the aircraft drag: estimate the fan diameter and power input required. (Answer: 0.707-m diameter; 3.24
T D W)
1
 AV0 (Vs V )  CD V 2S (1) Hints:
2
1 1 1 1
Beside, we have: V0  (Vs  V )
2 The fan speed: V0   V  V  2 Vs  2  3  1.5 m / s
2 s
1 1
(1)  A VS  V VS V   CD V 2S The fan diameter:
2 2 m  SV0  SeVS   const 
1 2 1 2
2
 2
 A VS V  C D V S
2
 
D 2
V 
D
V e
2

4 0 4 S

 A VS V  C DV S
2 2
2

VS 3
S  D  De  0.5  0.707 m
2
 VS  C DV 2
V 2 V0 1.5
A
The power input required:
S
 VS  V 1  C D 1  1   0.707 2 
A P  TV0  S P2  P1 V0   VS2S V0  1.225  32   1.5  3.246 W
 2  2  4 
------------------

Hints: Hints:

Ta có: lực đẩy cân bằng với lực cản của máy bay: T  D
1 2
Với công thức lực cản D  V SC D
2
và T  AV0 VS V 

Theo đề bài ta có Vs  3 m / s  và bán kính dòng sau cooling fan ds  0.5 m 

Coi như dòng không khí trước cooling fan đứng yên: V  0 m / s  , ta có vận tốc tại fan
1
V0  V V   12 3  0  1.5 m / s 
2 s
1 2 1
V SC D  AV0 VS V  với V0  VS  V 
2
Vậy ta có: d  d 
2

2 2 Định luật bảo toàn lưu lượng: V0S  VsSs  V0    Vs  s 
 2   2 
1 1
 V SC D  A VS  V VS V 
2
2 2 2
2 2  1.5d  3d  3  0.5  0.75
s
Dr. Tran Tien Anh@HCMUT 1 Dr. Tran Tien Anh@HCMUT 2
 Lecture notes: Chapter 5 Propeller theory Lecture notes: Chapter 5 Propeller theory

11 10
   
2
0.75  V0'  V  V0'  V 2  0
d   0.707
1.5 9 81
Công suất mà cooling fan cung cấp cho dòng khí: Giải phương trình lấy nghiệm V0' theo V
P  TV0  SV0 Vs V  V0  11 
2
 10  161 2
  b 2  4ac   V   4  V 2   V
 0.707 
2
 9   81  81
 P  1.2256      1.52  3  0  3.2477 W 
 2 
11 161
V V
b  
' 9 9
V  0
  1.316V (nghiệm âm loại)
P5.3. Repeat Example 5.2 in the text for the case where two airscrews absorb equal 2a 2
power, and find (1) lực đẩy của chong chong sau so với chong chóng trước:
(1) the thrust of the second airscrew as a percentage of the thrust of the first; Tr V0 10 / 9
(2) the efficiency of the second; and  '   0.8443  84.43%
Tf V0 1.316
(3) the efficiency of the combination. (Answer: 84%; 75.5%; 82.75%)
(2) hiệu suất của chong chóng sau:
Hints: TV V 1
r  r
'
   0.7598  75.98%
TV
r 0
V0' 1.316
(3) hiệu suất tổng của cả 2 chong chóng:
TV
Công suất cung cấp của chong chóng trước 
0.9
TV
Công suất cung cấp của chong chóng sau 
0.7598
TV TV
Tổng công suất cung cấp =   2.4272 TV
0.9 0.7598
9 Tổng công suất có ích = 2TV
Đối với chong chóng trước (front airscrew),  f  0.9  , nên ta có:
10 2 TV
Suy ra hiệu suất tổng cộng =  0.8239  82.39%
1 9 10 1 2.4272 TV
  1a  a 
1  a 10 9 9
Từ đó ta có: P5.4. Calculate the flight speed at which the airscrew in Example 5.3 produces a thrust
10 of 7500 N. Also calculate the power absorbed at the same rotational speed. (Answer:
V0  V 1  a   V
9 93 ms 1 ; 840 kW)
11
VS  V 1  2a   V Hints:
9
Đề bài cho: công suất cung cấp (input power) của chong chóng trước (front airscrew) và From example 5.3:
chong chóng sau (rear airscrew) bằng nhau, nên Height: 3660 m  0.693  ?  0.693×1.2256  0.8493kg / m 3
'
Pf  Pr  TfV0  TV
r 0
3660 m    0.693    0.693 * 1.2256  0.8493 kg / m 3
 S1V0 VS V V0  S 2V0' VS' VS V0'   Thrust: T  7500 N
Theo định luật bảo toàn lưu lượng, ta có: S1V0  S 2V0' , nên phương trình trên trở thành
Diameter of aircrew: d  3.4 m
VS 
V V0  VS' VS V0'  Speed: n  1250 rpm  20.83 rps
1
0
'

2
 
Mà V  VS'  VS  VS'  2V0' VS , thế vào phương trình trên, ta được Characteristic of aircrew:
1.06 1.19 1.34 1.44

VS V V0  2 V0' VS V0'  0.041 0.04 0.0378 0.0355
 11  10  11  0.76 0.8 0.84 0.86
  V V  V  2 V0'  V V0'
 9  9  9  Calculate fight speed and power absorbed?

Hints:
Dr. Tran Tien Anh@HCMUT 3 Dr. Tran Tien Anh@HCMUT 4
 Lecture notes: Chapter 5 Propeller theory Lecture notes: Chapter 5 Propeller theory
From equations below: Với J=1.3 =>   0.8252
 Flight speed: V  JnD V  JnD  1.3  20.83  3.4  92.1m / s
 Torque: Q  kQ n 2D 5 TV 7500  92.1
Power    837kW
 Power supplied: Pin  2nQ  0.8252
Pin
 Thrust: T   P5.5. At 1.5-m radius, the thrust and torque gradings on each blade of a three-bladed
V
We have table: airscrew revolve at 1200 rpm at a flight speed of 90 ms 1 TAS at an altitude where
1.06 1.19 1.34 1.44   0.725 are 300 Nm1 and 1800Nmm1 , respectively. If the blade angle is 28
degrees, find the blade section absolute incidence. Ignore compressibility. (Answer:
0.041 0.04 0.0378 0.0355
148 ' )
0.76 0.8 0.84 0.86
75.0833 84.2917 94.9167 102 Hints:
6868.8426 6699.3566 6330.8939 5945.6808
898867.5904 876943.8916 828712.6921 778287.7925
9098.4156 8322.9484 7333.9927 6469.6113
7500  7333.9927
 VT 7500  84.2917  (94.9167  84.2917) *  93 m / s
8322.9484  7333.9927
7500  7333.9927
 PT 7500  828712.0721  (876943  828712.0721) *  837 kW
8322.9484  7333.9927
----------------

Hints:

Từ dữ liệu bài ví dụ 5.3, ta có

J 1,06 1,19 1,34 1,44
kq 0,041 0,04 0,0378 0,0355
η 0,76 0,8 0,84 0,86
Suy ra


kq  0.014J  0.056
 (1)
  0.264J  0.482


Với T=7500N
Power   With r=1.5m
T   7500 d 2
V S  7( m 2 )
4
Mà:V  JnD
Và Power  2nQ  2n  kq n 2D 5  2n  kq   0  n 2D 5 nên: With   0.725 and h=4000m
   0.8194(kg / m 3 )
2n  kq   0  n 2D 5   2  kq   0  n 2D 4   We find a by:
T  
JnD J T  2 SV 2 (a  1) a
2  kq 0.693  1.226  435  3.4 4   T
  a2  a 
J 2 SV 2
kq   a  0.00321
  0.024 The exercises give us:
J
1200
Thay (1) vào ta được: n  1200rpm   20rps
3 2 3 60
 3.696  10 J  8.036  10 J  0.027  0.024J We have:

 J  1.3
Giải pt bậc 2 trên ta được: 

J  5.62(loai )

Dr. Tran Tien Anh@HCMUT 5 Dr. Tran Tien Anh@HCMUT 6
 Lecture notes: Chapter 5 Propeller theory Lecture notes: Chapter 5 Propeller theory
Q  4r 3 Vb(1  a ) Thế các số vào phương trình (1), ta được
  2n a  6.59  103
 b  0.00459 Thế a vào phương trình (2), ta tính được
So: b  0.0125866
V (1  a) Lại có:
tan  
r (1  b )
tan  
V 1  a 


90 1  6.59  103   0.4867
   2541
r 1  b  40  1.5  1  0.0125866
The answer:
      28  2541  218    26.05o
   28    28  26.05  1.95o
--------------
P5.6. At 1.25-m radius on a three-bladed airscrew, the airfoil section has the following
Hints:
characteristics: solidity=0.1;   29 7 ' ;   4 7 ' ;C L  0.49 ; L / D  50 . Allowing for
both axial and rotational interference, find the local efficiency of the element.
(Answer: 0.885)

Hints:
      297  47  25
CD D 1
tan        1.146
CL L 50
  0.1
t  C L cos      0.49 * cos 25  1.146  0.4398
q  C L sin      0.49 * sin 25  1.146  0.2159
Ta có các công thức: a 1
 t cos ec 2  a  0.0656
dT 1 1a 4
 Bc VR2t  4rV 2a 1  a  (for airscrew)
dr 2 b 1
 q cos ec 2  b  0.014
dT 1 4 1 b 2
  c VR2t  rV 2a 1  a  (per blade) (1)
dr 2 B The local efficiency of the element:
Tương tự ta có 1 b tan 
  0.88
dQ 1
 Bcr VR2q  4 r 3Vb 1  a   (total) 1  a tan    
dr 2
dQ 1 4
  cr VR2q  r 3Vb 1  a   (per blade) (2) P5.7. The thrust and torque gradings at 1.22-m radius on each blade of a two-bladed
dr 2 B airscrew are 2120 Nm1 and 778 Nmm1 , respectively. Find the speed of rotation (in
Ta có
rad.s 1 ) of the airstream immediately behind the disc at 1.22-m radius. (Answer: 735

 rad .s 1 )
B  3

    
 sea _level 
 0.725  1.2256 kg / m 3  Hints:
r  1.5 m  Assume: a = 0.1; b = 0.02

V  90 m / s  dT
 Thrust grading:  4 rV 2a(1  a )
  1200 rpm   40  rad / s 
 dr
dT So the straight speed of airscrew is:
 
 dr

 300 N .m 1
dT / dr 2120
V    32.035 m/s
dQ 4 ra(1  a ) 4   1.225  1.22  0.1  (1  0.1)

 dr
 
 1800 Nm.m 1
Dr. Tran Tien Anh@HCMUT 7 Dr. Tran Tien Anh@HCMUT 8
 Lecture notes: Chapter 5 Propeller theory Lecture notes: Chapter 5 Propeller theory

dQ 
Torque grading:  4 r 3Vb(1  a)   6  rad,
r 30
So the rotation speed of airscrew is: T
 2800 N / m
r
dQ / dr 778 / 103  2
   39492.276 rad/s The lift coefficient: C L    a0   2 
4 r 3Vb(1  a ) 4   1.225  1.223  32.035  0.02  (1  0.1) 30 15
The rotation speed of airstream immediately behind the disc at 1.22-m radius: B c 4 c 1.6c
 b   0.02  39492.276  789.846 rad/s We have solidity:    
2  r 2  1.25 
We have:
P5.8. A four-bladed airscrew is required to propel an aircraft at 125 ms 1 at sea level, T 1
with a rotational speed of 1200 rpm. The blade element at 1.25-m radius has an   c   VR2  t
r 2
absolute incidence of 6 degrees, and the thrust grading is 2800 Nm1 per blade.  N  r 
2
1
Assuming a reasonable value for the sectional lift-curve slope, calculate the blade  2800   c  1.2256    C L  cos()
2  cos()
chord at 1.25-m radius. Neglect rotational interference, sectional drag, and
compressibility. (Answer: 240 mm) 1  40  1.25 2  2
 2800   c  1.2256      cos()
2  cos()  15
Hints:
c
We neglect rotational interference, sectional drag and compressibility so:  0.2814  (1)
cos()
b  0,C D  0, a 0  2
V  (1  a ) 125  (1  a ) 2
We have: tan()   tan()     tan()  1  a
C N r 40  1.25 5
Because C D  0  tan( )  D  0    0
CL Then:
a 1 1
   t 
1a 4 sin()2
0.4  tan()  1 1 1.6c 1
   C L  cos() 
0.4  tan() 4  sin()2
0.4   tan()  1 1 1.6c  2 1
    
0.4 4 1 15 sin()
c
 0.4   tan()  1  0.1053  (2)
sin()
(1)
:
(2)
c
0.2814 cos()

0.4  tan()  1 c
0.1053 
sin()
0.2814 tan()
 
0.4  tan()  1 0.1053
From the problem,  tan()  0.8244
V  125 m / s,    39.5014
1200  2 From (1):
N  1200 rpm   40 Rad / s, c
60 0.2814 
r  1.25 m, cos()

Dr. Tran Tien Anh@HCMUT 9 Dr. Tran Tien Anh@HCMUT 10

 Lecture notes: Chapter 5 Propeller theory Lecture notes: Chapter 5 Propeller theory

c b sin2  1 b
 0.2814    2  tan        0.007 (5.9.8)
cos(39.5014) a sin 2 1  a
 c  0.217 m  217 mm
From (5.9.4) and (5.9.8):
The chord at r  1.5 m is c  217mm
1  0.007  a
  1.082
1a
P5.9. A three-bladed airscrew is driven at 1560 rpm at a flight speed of 110 ms 1 at sea  a  0.1 (5.9.9)
level. At 1.25-m radius, the local efficiency is estimated to be 87%, while the lift/drag dT 4rV 2  a  (a  1)
ratio of the blade section is 57.3. Calculate the local thrust grading, ignoring    9000 N / m per blade (5.9.10)
dr 3
rotational interference. (Answer: 9000 Nm 1 per blade)
P5.10. Using simple momentum theory, develop an expression for the thrust of a
Hints:
propeller in terms of disc area, air density, and axial velocities of the air a long way
The local efficiency is: ahead, and in the plane, of the propeller disc. A helicopter has an engine developing
V t 600 kW and a rotor of 16-m diameter with a disc loading of 170 Nm 2 . When
i  ascending vertically with constant speed at low altitude, the product of lift and axial
2nr q
velocity of the air through the rotor disc is 53% of the power available. Estimate the
t 2nr * i
   11.16 (5.9.1) velocity of ascent. (Answer: 110 m.min1 ).
q V --------------------------------------------------
With t and q: Sayed
t  C L * cos     P5.11. Consider a six-cylinder ICE having a stroke of 9.5 cm, a bore of 8.0 cm, and
compression ratio of 10. The pressure and temperature in the intake manifold are 0.8
q  C L * sin     ;
atm and 250 K, respectively. The fuel to air ratio is 0.06. Mechanical efficiency of the
q
 tan     engine is 75 %. If the crankshaft is connected to a propeller having efficiency of 83%,
t calculate the available power from propeller for engine speed of 3000 rpm. Fuel
1 heating value is 42.9 MJ/kg and Otto cycle is assumed.
  tan   0.0175
11.16
   0.072rad (5.9.2) P5.12. Starting from the following definition for propeller efficiency:
While the lift/drag ratio of the blade section is 57.3 Thrust power TV1
p  
D Thrust power  Wasted power in jet 1
tan    TV1  m (V4 V1 )2
L 2
   0.0175 (5.9.3) 2
Prove that: F 
But also: V
1 4
1 b tan  V1
i  *
1  a tan    

1b tan    
  i *  0.91 (5.9.4)
1a tan 
Apply from Eq. (5.39) and 5.42 in document
b 1
 *  * q * cos ec 2 (5.9.5)
1b 2
a 1
 *  * t * cos ec 2  (5.9.6)
1a 4
q sin 
2
b 1a
   2  (5.9.7)
a 1 b t sin 2

Dr. Tran Tien Anh@HCMUT 11 Dr. Tran Tien Anh@HCMUT 12

 Lecture notes: Chapter 5 Propeller theory Lecture notes: Chapter 5 Propeller theory

D2
 T  V (1  a )n 2Va
h
2
D
 T  V 2n 2a(1  a )
h
32
 9  103  1.225  91.6672  n   2a(1  a )
4
 V0  V (1  a )  97.02035
From equations continuity:
VA  V0S
D '2 D "2
91.667  n   97.02035  n 
4 4
 D '  3.086 m

P5.16. An aircraft is propelled by a 4.6 m diameter propeller, which produces 36.0 kN of

thrust. The aircraft is flying at an altitude where air density is 0.9 kg/m3. Using
momentum theory, calculate:
a) The induced velocity through the disk
b) The final velocity of the flow in the far wake
c) Propeller efficiency using actuator disk theory
d) The pressure jump across the propeller

Hints:

Using momentum theory:

dT
 4rV 2a(1  a )
dr
  dT 4 V 2a(1  a ) rdr

P5.13. Prove that the thrust force generated by a propeller is related to the supplied  T  2V 2a(1  a) r2
power by the relation: 4.62
 36 * 10 3  2 * 0.9 * * a(a  1) * V2
PCT 4
T 
nDC P  a(a  1) * V2  1203.44
 0.33(0.33  1) * V2  1203.4
P5.14. Prove that the available power of a propeller is expressed by the relation:  V  52.36(m / s )
TV1  8T  (The previous momentum theory for the rotor disk provided the optimum inflow
P   1  1 induction factor, a = 0.33, to maximize the power coefficient, CPmax = 0.593.)
 2
2  V1 D 2

a) The induced velocity through the disk: V (a  1)  52.36 * (0.33  1)  69.64 (m/s)
b) The final velocity of the flow in the far wake: V (1  2a )  52.36 * (1  2 * 0.33)  17.8
P5.15. Compute the diameter of the flow field in the far wake of propeller of diameter
(m/s)
3.0 m, which produces a thrust of 9.0 kN of thrust at sea level conditions while flying
1 1
at a speed of 330 km/h. c) Propeller efficiency using actuator disk theory: ni    0.75
1 a 1  0.33
Hints: T  S p
3

V= 330km/h=91.667m/s d) The pressure jump across the propeller:  p  T  36 * 102  2166.19(Pa )

S 4.6
T  m (VS V )  SV0(V (1  a ) V ) 
4

Dr. Tran Tien Anh@HCMUT 13 Dr. Tran Tien Anh@HCMUT 14

 Lecture notes: Chapter 5 Propeller theory Lecture notes: Chapter 5 Propeller theory
P5.17. A three-bladed propeller has the following data: c  0.16
 Generated power= 2250 Hp 0.16
R  0.2133
 Sea level conditions 0.75
 Relative tip speed= 320 m/s V 67.5
J    0.5022
 Flight speed= 75 m/s nD 2880
* 2.8
 Blade section has a lift and drag coefficients equal to 0.85 and 0.0425, 60
respectively Bc 2 * 0.16
   0.04775
Calculate R  * 0.2133
a) Tip rotational speed
b) Thrust and torque coefficients
c) Propeller efficiency
d) Rotational speed
e) Propeller diameter
f) Reference blade chord
For a preliminary analysis assume that:
 Blade has a constant chord equal to the reference chord (cref), where cref=0.06D
and D is the propeller diameter
 a= 0.1, aΩ= 0

P5.18. The shown figure illustrates Cessna R172K Hawk XP single engine aircraft. The
airplane has a maximum cruise speed 243 km/h. It is powered by a single fuel
injected, Continental IO-360K 195 Hp (145 kW). Propeller has the following Apply the equation inflow factor, we have:
characteristics: a 1
  cos ec 2
 Number of blades (B)= 2 1a 4
 Diameter (D)= 2.80 m 4a 4 * 0.05
 Blade chord at 0.75R= 0.16 m  cos ec  1  a  1  0.05  1.9973
 Rotational speed= 2880 rpm  0.04775
 Inflow factor (a)= 0.05 1  1 
 cos ec     sin1    300
 Lift coefficient= 0.7 sin   cos ec 
The equation of thrust coefficient is:
dCT  cl
 J 2  0.0115
dx 8 sin  tan 
 CT   (dCT / dx ) * x
The equation of torque coefficient is:
dCQ  c
 J 2x l  0.0066
dx 16 sin 
 CQ   (dCQ / dx ) * x
Power coefficient is:
It is required to calculate: CT, CQ, CP, η P 145000
CP    0.0062
Guidance: n 3D 5 3
 2880 
1.226 *   * 2.85
 Divide the propeller blade into five stations having x= 0.12, 0.34, 0.56, 0.78, and 1.0  60 
 Neglect drag coefficient and use the following relations (4.52)
The actual propulsive efficiency is:
Hints: JCT J  (dCT / dx ) * x
 
CP CP
We have:
V  243 km / h  67.5 m / s
Dr. Tran Tien Anh@HCMUT 15 Dr. Tran Tien Anh@HCMUT 16
 Lecture notes: Chapter 5 Propeller theory Lecture notes: Chapter 5 Propeller theory
P5.19. A four-bladed propeller has the following data:
 Generated power=3000 Hp P5.20. A propeller of diameter (D) that develops the thrust (T) when operating at an
 Sea level conditions advance ratio (J) and at (N) rpm is to be replaced by a pair of equal propellers of the
 Relative tip speed=320 m/s same diameter, operating at the same advance ratio (J) and producing together the
 Flight speed=75 m/s same thrust (T).
 Blade section has a lift and drag coefficients equal to 0.85 and 0.0425, a) The velocity (V) being the same in both cases, determine (D’) and the rotational
respectively speed (N’) of these two propellers.
Calculate: b) Prove that the power of the two propellers equal to the original power.
a) Tip rotational speed
Hints:
b) Thrust and torque coefficients
c) Propeller efficiency Hệ số J khi sử dụng 1 chong chóng và 2 chong chóng là giống nhau
d) Rotational speed V V
e) Propeller diameter J    ND  N D  (1)
ND N ' D '
f) Reference blade chord
Theo đề, lực đẩy T ở 2 trường hợp không đổi, nên lực đẩy ở 1 động cơ trường hợp sử
For a preliminary analysis assume that:
dụng 2 chong chóng sẽ là:
 Blade has a constant chord equal to the reference chord (cref), where cref=0.06D
T 2V 2Sa 1  a 
and D is the propeller diameter T    2S a a  1
 a=aΩ=0 2 2
 Neglect drag coefficient D 2 2D 2 D
 S  2S     D 2  2D  2  D   (2)
4 4 2
Hints:
Thế (2) vào (1):
a) Tip rolational speed = (Relative tip speed)/(Fight speed) D
ND  N D   ND  N   N   2N (3)

320
 4.26 2
75 + Công suất 1 chong chóng:
P  2Ka pN 3D 5 (4)
1 + Công suất 2 chong chóng:
P  AV 3
2
 A  8.657(m 2 )
 
P   2 2Ka pN  3D  5  4 Ka pN 3D 5 (5)
Thế (2) (3) vào (5):
d 2 5
A  d  3.32( m)  D 
 
3
4 P   4 Ka p 2N    2K pN 3D 5  P
  a
 r  1.66( m) 2
Rolational speed=speed/r Vậy công suất 1 chong chóng bằng công suất 2 cánh.
n=320/1.66 ---------------------------------------------------------
n=193(rps) Roy
b)Thrust coefficient:
CT 
T P /V
 2 4  5.38 *10 3
P5.21. An aircraft cruises at 644 km/hr speed at sea level, is powered by a 3-bladed
fn 2 d 4 fn d propeller (connected to the engine, which rotates at 2600 rpm, through a 1:2 gear box)
Torque coefficicent: and is supplied 1491.5 kW of power. The propeller is designed with blades of NACA
Q P / 2n blade sections.
CQ   2 5  1.007 *10 4
fn 2 d 5 fn d a) Compute the propeller diameter and the efficiency of the propeller at this
operating condition.
c) Propeller effificiency: b) If the propeller is a variable pitch propeller what would be its efficiency at 161
V  CT  km/hr.
J G / C P      1.0023 P5.22. A propeller of diameter “d” that develops thrust “T” when operating with advance
nd  C P 
ratio J and rpm “n”, is to be replaced by a pair of equal propellers of the same shape,
d) Reference blade chord: operating at the same velocity V and advance ratio J and producing together the same
Bc r thrust T.
 c  1.303( m)
r B
Dr. Tran Tien Anh@HCMUT 17 Dr. Tran Tien Anh@HCMUT 18
 Lecture notes: Chapter 5 Propeller theory
a) Find out the diameter “d”and the rotational speed “n” of the two new propellers.
b) Prove that the total power required by the two propellers equals the original
propeller power.
P5.23. An aircraft flying at 592 km/hr is powered by a propeller rotating at 1800 rpm.
The propeller is of 3.05 m diameter and uses NACA 0015 airfoil section. At the
reference blade section at 0.9144 m from the root, where the blade angle is 47.7o,
compute the local flow angle at the station. [Ans: 43.7o]
P5.24. An aircraft is propelled by a 4.572 m diameter propeller, which produces 35.6 kN
of thrust. The aircraft is flying at an altitude where the atmospheric conditions are
such that the density of air is 1.03 kg/m3. Using momentum theory, compute:
a) the induced velocity through the disk,
b) the final velocity of the flow in the far wake.
[Ans: (a) 5.516 m/s; (b)189.9 m/s)]
P5.25. Compute the diameter of the flow field in the far wake of a propeller of diameter
3.05 m, which produces a propulsive thrust of 8.9 kN of thrust while flying at a speed
of 322 km/hr. [Ans: 2.95m]
P5.26. A 907.2 kg helicopter is powered by a 9.144 m diameter rotor. When the
helicopter is landing it descends at an uniform rate under sea level conditions, and the
induced velocity is 1/3 the rate of descent of the helicopter. Compute the velocity at
which the helicopter is descending. [Hint: Rotor upward thrust = Helicopter weight =
2Aρ(V- v)v] [Ans: 15.82 m/s]
P5.27. An aircraft while cruising at 724 km/hr is expected to encounter 5927 N of drag.
The propeller flying this aircraft is of diameter 3.657 m and is designed with NACA
5868-9 3-bladed propeller blades. The engine delivers 1491.4 kW while the propeller
runs at 1300 rpm.
a) Check if the aircraft propeller matching for cruise flight is achieved.
b) Compute any extra power or power shortfall that may be found.
[Cruise flight is possible; 82 kW extra power available].

Dr. Tran Tien Anh@HCMUT 19