MECHANICS OF DEFORMABLE BODIES

NORMAL STRAIN and SHEAR STRAIN

Prepared by:
ENGR. RANDY G. POLICARPIO
DEFORMATION
 Whenever a force is applied to a body, it will tend to change the body’s shape and
size. Those changes are referred to as deformation., and they may be either
highly visible or practically unnoticeable, without the use of equipment to make
precise measurements.
 Deformation of a body can also occur when the temperature of the body is
change.
 Positive (elongation) and Negative (contraction) deformation.
EXAMPLE:
NORMAL STRAIN
 The elongation or contraction of a body per unit length is termed STRAIN.

 Normal Strain is a measure of the elongation or contraction of a small line

segment.
NORMAL STRAIN
After deformation, the average normal strain using the symbol 𝜀𝑎𝑣𝑔 can be
expressed as;
∆𝑠 ′ − ∆𝑠
𝜀𝑎𝑣𝑔 =
∆𝑠
As point B is chosen closer and closer to point A, the length of the line will become
shorter and shorter, such that ∆𝑠 → 0. Also, this causes B’ to approach A’, such that
∆𝑠′ → 0. Consequently, in the limit the normal strain at point A and in the direction
of n is
∆𝑠 ′ − ∆𝑠
𝜀= lim
𝐵→𝐴 𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑔 𝑛 ∆𝑠
If the normal strain is known,
∆𝑠 ′ = (1 + 𝜀)∆𝑠
UNIT OF NORMAL STRAIN
Example Problem: : Reference: Mechanics of Materials by R C Hibbeler
ion:

𝐹𝑖𝑔𝑢𝑟𝑒 2 − 5𝑏
Example Problem: : Reference: Mechanics of Materials by R C Hibbeler
Solution:
Example Problem: : Reference: Mechanics of Materials by R C Hibbeler
Solution: