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Teacher-made Learner’s Home Task

Science 7
Quarter 1 Week 6

I. MELC Investigate properties of unsaturated or saturated solutions

II. Objective/s Knowledge: Investigate properties of unsaturated or saturated solutions

Skills:
Values/Attitude:
III. Subject Matter Saturated and Unsaturated Solutions

References
IV. Procedure Saturated and Unsaturated Solutions

How do you make sure a compound is pure?

When compounds are synthesized, they often have contaminating materials mixed in with them. The process
of recrystallization can be used to remove these impurities. The crystals are dissolved in a hot solvent,
forming a solution. When the solvent is cooled the compound is no longer as soluble and will precipitate out
of solution, leaving other materials still dissolved.

Saturated and Unsaturated Solutions

Table salt (NaCl) readily dissolves in water. Suppose that you have a beaker of water to which you add some
salt, stirring until it dissolves. So you add more and that dissolves. You keep adding more and more salt,
eventually reaching a point that no more of the salt will dissolve no matter how long or how vigorously you
stir it. Why? On the molecular level, we know that action of the water causes the individual ions to break
apart from the salt crystal and enter the solution, where they remain hydrated by water molecules. What also
happens is that some of the dissolved ions collide back again with the crystal and remain
there. Recrystallization is the process of dissolved solute returning to the solid state. At some point the rate
at which the solid salt is dissolving becomes equal to the rate at which the dissolved solute is recrystallizing.
When that point is reached, the total amount of dissolved salt remains unchanged. Solution equilibrium is
the physical state described by the opposing processes of dissolution and recrystallization occurring at the
same rate.

he solution equilibrium for the dissolving of sodium chloride can be represented by one of two equations.

NaCl(s)⇄NaCl(aq)

While this shows the change of state back and forth between solid and aqueous solution, the preferred
equation also shows the dissociation that occurs as an ionic solid dissolves.

NaCl(s)⇄Na+(aq)+Cl−(aq)

When the solution equilibrium point is reached and no more solute will dissolve, the solution is said to be
saturated. A saturated solution is a solution that contains the maximum amount of solute that is capable of
being dissolved. At 20°C, the maximum amount of NaCl that will dissolve in 100. g of water is 36.0 g. If any
more NaCl is added past that point, it will not dissolve because the solution is saturated. What if more water
is added to the solution instead? Now more NaCl would be capable of dissolving in the additional solvent.
An unsaturated solution is a solution that contains less than the maximum amount of solute that is capable
of being dissolved. Figure below illustrates the above process and shows the distinction between unsaturated

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and saturated.

When 30.0 g of NaCl is added to 100 ml of water, it all dissolves, forming an unsaturated solution. When
40.0 g is added, 36.0 g dissolves and 4.0 g remains undissolved, forming a saturated solution.

How can you tell if a solution is saturated or unsaturated? If more solute is added and it does not dissolve,
then the original solution was saturated. If the added solute dissolves, then the original solution was
unsaturated. A solution that has been allowed to reach equilibrium but which has extra undissolved solute at
the bottom of the container must be saturated.

Summary

 Saturated and unsaturated solutions are defined.

 Solution equilibrium exists when the rate of dissolving equals the rate of recrystallization.

Exercise 1:
DIRECTIONS: Read and understand each item and choose the letter of the correct answer from the given
choices. Use separate sheet of paper for your answer.

1. When the particles in a mixture are the size of atoms or molecules.

a. homogeneous mixture
b. solubility
c. phase
d. solution
2. The mixture appears to be too small to see the particles. example milk, cheese.
a. heterogeneous
b. homogeneous
c. solution
d. solute
3. The substance that gets dissolved is called the________
a. solvent
b. solution
c. solute
d. material
4. This does the dissolving, it's usually presented in greater amounts.
a. hydration
b. solution
c. solute
d. solvent
5. Water is an example of a _____________
a. mixture
b. solvent
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 c. chemical
d. solute

Exercise 2:
Directions: Fill the Gap

1. ____________ is the process of dissolved solute returning to the solid state.

2. _____________is the physical state described by the opposing processes of dissolution and
recrystallization occurring at the same rate.
3. A ___________ is a solution that contains the maximum amount of solute that is capable of being
dissolved.
4. An______________  is a solution that contains less than the maximum amount of solute that is
capable of being dissolved. 

5. Solution equilibrium exists when the_______________  equals the rate of recrystallization.

Application/ Answer the following questions:
Assessment

1. Why is the preferred equation for solution equilibrium of NaCl an equilibrium between solid NaCl and
the ions?

2. If I add water to a saturated sucrose solution, what will happen?

3. If I heat a solution and remove water, I see crystals at the bottom of the container. What happened?

Prepared by:

Ma. Joan R. Ferrolino

Subject Teacher

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