Voltage devider procedure:

1. Connect the circuit as shown in figure below.

2. Measure and put the results in the table shown below:

Hint: Use only Voltmeters for your records.

P V1 ic V2 IE IB VCE(V)
10kΩ 1.236mV 119.9µV 14.99V
20kΩ 2.5v 246.8mA 12.212V
40kΩ 8.4v 816.4mA 5.776V

𝑉1 𝑉2
IC= 𝑅𝐶 IE=𝑅𝐸 IB=IE-IC

P=10kΩ  IC=1.23 =0.158µA IE=0.120×10−3 =0.16µA 𝐼𝐵 = 0.002µA

7.8 750

P=20kΩ  IC= 2.5 =0.336mA IE=246.8×10−3 =0.33𝑚A 𝐼𝐵=0.006𝑚A

7800 750

P=40kΩ  IC= 8.4 =1.08mA IE=816.4×10−3 =1.09𝑚A 𝐼𝐵 =0.010𝑚A

7800 750
 DISCUSSION:
1. What is the effect of P1 on the circuit current and voltage between
collectorand emitter (VCE)?
ANSWER:

• For Current Collector and emitter current will increasing because

when Pl increases both of V1 and V2 increasing too so they get
higher voltage Value and this will make higher current through them.
Vce will decrease by increasing our P1 resistor value and Base
Current will approximately Zero andbecause of this base Current we
can say we have voltage divider biasing.
• The effect of Pt is directly proportional with (Ic,lE,IB) it meaning
When we increased the value of resistor Pl the value of (Ic IE IB is
increased But the effect of P1 is inversely proportional with VCE is
meaning when we increasedthe value of resistor Pl the value of Vce
is decreased.
• P1 ↑ , V 1 ↑ , V2 ↑ , VCEV ↓

2. Compare between voltage divider biasing, self-biasing and

feedback? Withnecessary diagrams.

ANSWER:
A / in Voltage divider biasing the common emitter transistor is biased using a voltage
divider network to increase stability. the name of the biasing configuration cames from
the fact that the two resistors P1 and R1,R2 resistor can be calculated by voltage divider
law when the base currentis very low and it can be neglected.

B/ in fixed/biasing circuit with emitter resistor also known as self biasing circuit we have
emitter resistor to provide better bias stability and when (Ic) is increasing (IE) will
increase and due to thatthe voltage drop across (VE) will increase and (IB) will decrease.

C/another way to improve stability is feed back biasing circuit , and the feed back will
happen formoutput to input and when Ic,Ip will decrease and this gives us a higher
stability.