aGbL l/xf / d'2f vf/]h clGtd r/0fdf

sf7df8f}F . g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf k|jQmf k|sf08 / k|wfgdGqL z]/axfb'/

b]pjf;xLt ;/sf/L 6f]nLaLr d+unaf/ ck/fGx k|wfgdGqL lgjf; afn'jf6f/df
e]6jftf{ ePsf] 5 . tLg a'bF ] ;xdlt sfof{Gjogsf ljifodf ePsf] pQm e]6jftf{df
;/sf/sf] tkm{af6 u[xdGqL afns[i0f vfF0f, sfg'g Gofo tyf ;+;bLo dfldnf dGqL

lbn]Gb|k;| fb a8', g]kfnL sf+u;] | sf pk;efklt k"0f{axfb'/ v8\sf u[x;lrj 6]sgf/fo0f

kf08];d]tsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . pQm e]6jftf{df g]skfsf k|jQmf k|sf08n]
tLg a'bF ] ;xdlt sfof{Gjogsf] k|;u p7fpFb} xfn;Dd g]skfsf g]tf sfo{stf{ l/xf
gePsf]n] Ps xKtf leq ;a} aGbLnfO{ /fxf ug{k' g]{ / g]skfsf g]tf sfo{stf{dfly
jif{ !%, c+s @#, @)&* ;fn r}t @& ut] cfOtaf/ (April 10, 2022) d"No ?= !).– nufOPsf] d'2f oyfzSo l56f] vf/]h ug{k' g]{ atfPsf lyP -af“ . k|jsQmf
L k|clGtd k] h df_
sf08n] tTsflng

‘:yfgLo lgjf{rgdf Pd;L;L nfu" x'g glbg] pDd]bjf/ v8f ug{';\’

sf7df8f}F . g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf
dxf;lrj ljKnjn] cf;Gg :yfgLo
lgjf{rgdf Pd;L;L nfu" x'g glbg]
pDd]bjf/ v8f ug{ cfu|x u/]sf 5g\ .
g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ lrtjgn]
hgcfGbf] n g lbj;sf] cj;/df
cfof]hgf u/]sf] hg;efnfO{ ;Daf]wg
ub}{ dxf;lrj ljKnjn] ;f] cfu|x u/]sf
x'g\ . dxf;lrj ljKnjn] cfufdL :yfgLo
lgjf{rgdf ufpFufpFaf6, ;x/–;x/af6
b]z a]Rg] bnfnx?, Pd;L;L kf; ug]{
bnsf g]tfx¿nfO{ nv]6g\ hgtfnfO{
cfXjfg ub}{ eg]– …olb ;Sg'xG' 5 of]
;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] e08fkmf]/ ug{; ' \.
clxn] xfd|f] kf6L{n] Pp6f 9f]sf vf]ns ] f]
5 ;Sgí:'xG' 5 ;+3if{ ug{;' ,\ ef]6 gxfNg';\
olb ;Sg' x ' G g bnfnx?nfO{ ,
7]sb] f/x?nfO{, b]z a]rj' fx?nfO{ ef]6
gxfNg';,\ glhtfpg';\ a? ef]6 xfNg}
k/] Pp6f ;'sD' af;LnfO{ lbg';,\ b]z a]Rg
glbg] / Pd;L;L nfu" x'g glbg]
pDd]bjf/ v8f ug{; ' ,\ n8\g; ' \ t/
bnfnx?nfO{ ef]6 glbg';,\ nv]6g\ ;' \ xfd|f]
kf6L{n] of] clkn u/]sf] 5 .Ú
pgn] bnfn ;+;bLo Joj:yf cGTo
geP;Dd g]kfnL hgtf ;'vsf] Zjf;
gkm]g{ ] eGb} o;sf] cGTosf nflu cfk"mx?
lg/Gt/ h'g;'s} df]rf{af6 klg n8\g
tof/ /x]sf] atfP . dxf;lrj ljKnjn]
eg]– …xfdL em'ss ] f 5}gf}+ / em'Sg] klg
5}gf},+ cfh klg xfdLnfO{ ljleGg 3]/faGbL
ul/b}5 . xfdL hlxn];Dd /xG5f}F
tlxn];Dd g]kfnL hgtfsf] clwsf/sf
nflu, g]kfn b]zsf] :jfwLgtfsf] kIfdf
lg/Gt/ ;+3if{ ug]{ k|lta4tf JoQm
ub{5' .Ú
dxf;lrj ljKnjn] of] b]zdf
hgtfx? w]/r} f]l6 n8] t/ hgtfn] cfˆgf]
c;n k|ltlglw agfpg clxn];Dd
gkfPsf] atfP . pgn] eg], …ls;fgsf]
gf/fn], ;'sD' af;Lsf] gf/fn], dtn] lht]/
hfG5 dGqL ePsf] ef]lnkN6, ;+;b
ePsf] ef]lnkN6 ;'sD' af;Lsf] 3/df
8f]h/ nufpF5, e|i6frf/ u5{, t:s/L
rN5, bnfnL ug{ yfN5, b]z a]Rg;Dd
kl5 kb}g{ . e|i6frf/, dxËL, /fi6«3ftsf
lj?4 cfGbf]ng ug]n { fO{ b08f aiff{p5
F sfg'geGbf zlQmzfnL hgtf 5g\\
To;}n] of] zf;g n'6/] fx?sf] zf;g xf] .Ú
k'h
dxf;lrj ljKnjn] of] bnfn
F LjfbL ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf sf/0f b]zn]
7"N7"nf] ;+s6 ef]Ug kl//x]sf] atfpFb}
clxn] bnfnx?sf] nfrf/L sf/0f g]kfnL
hgtfn] c:jLsf/ u/]sf] Pd;L;L
g]kfndf nflbPsf] atfP . Pd;L;L
g]kfndf clhË/sf] ¿kdf k:g vf]Hb}5
dxf;lrj ljKnjn] eg], …cd]l/sL
;fd|fHojfb Pd;L;Ldfkm{t\ g]kfnnfO{
lgNg vf]Hb}5 . slyt ;+;bx? Jofkf/L glbg] :ki6 kf/] . pgn] hgtf x]lkP/, To;sf] g]tT[ j xfd|f] kf6L{n] ug]5
{ , h;n]
eP/ sfg'gL ?kdf b]z a]Rg vf]h] klg lylrP/, lg:;fl;P/, lg/fz eP/ a:g' sfd u5{ Tof] vfg kfpg] lbg Nofpg
x'bF g} eGb} eg], …r}q @$ n] k~rfot vf]hs
] f 5f},F cfkm}n
F ] rnfpg] Joj:yf
‘cf;Gg :yfgLo lgjf{rg r'gfjL df]rf{ agfP/ k|of]u u5f}’+
sf7df8f}F . g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{n] cf;Gg :yfgLo wf/0ff 5 .Æ
lgjf{rg r'gfjL df]rf{ agfP/ k|of]u ug]{ atfPsf] 5 . ;f] o;}u/L, lgjf{rg /f]Sg] e]p kfpg' eof] t eGg] k|Zgsf] hjfkm
kf6L{sf k|jQmf k|sf08n] laxLaf/ aLaL;L
/]l8of]sf] g]kfnL ;]jf;Fu s'/f ub}{ ;f] s'/f
atfPsf x' g \ . k| j Qmf k| s f08n]
aLaL;L;Fusf] cGtjf{tf{df eg]– æ;/sf/n]
cfpFbf] j}zfv #) ut] :yfgLo lgjf{rgsf]
3f]if0ff u/]sf] 5 / xfn} xfd|f] kf6L{sf] s]Gb|Lo
;ldltsf] a}7s klg ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .
:yfgLo lgjf{rgnfO{ ljutsf] eGbf clns
km/s 9Ën] x]g{k' 5{ / o;nfO{ k|of]u klg
gofF 9Ën] ug{k' 5{ eGg] kf6L{sf] lg0f{o 5 .
;/sf/ / k|ltkIfL bn;Fu 5nkmn ubf{
lgjf{rg cfof]usf] ljifo p7]sfn] lgjf{rg
cfof]usf] a'emfO{ s] /x]5 eg]/ a'‰g lgjf{rg
cfof]u uPsf xf}F . 5nkmn /fd|f] ePsf] 5,
lgjf{rg cfof]usf] wf/0ff xfdLn] h]
;f]rs] f lyof},F To:t} kfof}F . d'Vo s'/f eg]sf]
/fhgLlts s'/f xf] . ;/sf/ / /fhgLlts kf6L{n] s] lg0f{o lbFb} k|jQmf k|sf08n] eg]sf 5g – ælgjf{rg cfof]u;Fusf
u5{, Tof] d'Vo s'/f xf] . /fhgLlt?kdf ;/sf/af6 cfPsf] e]6df o; s'/fsf] e]p gkfP klg of] sfg'gL / ;+j}wflgs s'/f
lg0f{o g} lgjf{rg cfof]un] nfu" ug]{ xf] eGg] cfof]usf] eof] . t/, /fli6«o /fhgLltdf h'g -af“ s L clGtd k] h df_
hgtfn] Pd;L;L :jLsf/ u/]sf 5}gg\ .Ú 9Nof], /fhtGq 9Nof], ca csf]{ r}q j}1flgs ;dfhjfb NofO 5f]8g\ ] 5f}F .Ú
dxf;lrj ljKnjn] hgtfsf] ann] @$ cfpg]5, csf]{ lbg cfpg]5 ar]sf] g]skf lrtjgsf ;]qm]6/L dLgk|;fb
Pd;L;L s'g} klg xfntdf nfu" x'g ;fdGtjfb, bnfn k'h F Ljfb 9fNg]5 . -af“ s L clGtd k] h df_

‘;lxbsf] /ut v]/ hfg lb“bg} f}’

sf7df8f}F . g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf
s] G b| L o ;b:o e] i f/fh e' i ffnn]
;lxbx?sf] kl/jf/nfO{ pRr ;Ddfg ub}{
;lxbx?sf] /ut v]/ hfg glbg]
k|lta4tf hgfPsf 5g\ . g]kfn
sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ ¿kGb]xLn] ## cf}+
P]ltxfl;s hgcfGbf]ng lbj;sf]
cj;/df cfof]hgf u/]sf] ;efnfO{
;Daf]wg ub}{ ;f] k|lta4tf hgfPsf
x'g\ . g]tf e'iffnn] hgcfGbf]ng lbj;sf]
cj;/df @)$^ ;fnsf] hgcfGbf]ng
tyf sDo'lg:6 cfGbf]ngdf g]kfndf
ax'bn Nofpg] ;lxbx?nfO{ ;Demg] sfFu;] |
;+;bjfbL sDo'lg:6nfO{ km';b{ gePsf]
atfpFb} tL dxfg\ ;lxbx?sf] :d/0f
ub}{ dxfg\ ;lxbx?sf] kl/jf/nfO{ pRr
;Ddfg ub}{ ;lxbx?sf] /ut v]/ hfg
glbg] k| l ta4tf hgfP . pgn]
hlxn];Dd /fli6«o :jfwLgtfsf] /Iff /
juL{o d'lQm cfGbf]ng ;kmn x'bF g} ,
ta;Dd ;lxbx?sf ;kgf ;fsf/ kfg{
-af“ s L clGtd k] h df_
;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] cGTosf nflu r'gfjsf] k|of]u
!= r'g' fjsf] k|of]u ;+3if{sf] df]rf{
xf] cfTd;dk{0f xf]Og – ;+;bLo
Joj:yflj?4sf] lg0ff{os ;+3if{sf]
df]8fln6L jf ?k/]vfsf af/]df 3lge"t
ax;x? ePsf 5g\ . cfh >dhLlj /
/fi6«jfbL ju{n] lhTg] sfo{gLltsf] af/]df
ax; ug' { k g] { ePsf] 5 . vfnL
k/Dk/fut 9+un] ;f]r/] clg ;d:ofx?
dfq y'kf/]/ qmflGtsf/L x'g ;lhnf] 5
t/ kl/0ffd Nofpg] qmflGt cfhsf]
cfjZostf ag]sf] 5 . cfhsf]
cfjZostf xf] k/Dk/fut ;+;bLo
r'gfjdf klg hgtfnfO{ ljsNk k]z
ug]{ . ;/sf/ jf /fHon] r'gfj ug]{ g}
ePkl5 xfdLn] klg of t alx:sf/ of
t k|of]u ug}k{ 5{ . clxn] xfdLn] ;zQm
alx:sf/ ug{ ;Sg] cj:yf 5}g,
To;sf/0f ;zQm k|of]usf] gLlt agfpg'
cfhsf] ;xL af6f] xf] . ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf]
cGTosf nflu r'gfjsf] k|of]u ug]{
ljKnjsf] ;+Zn]if0f ;xL 5 . cfhsf]
lbgdf alxisf/sf] sfo{gLltn] b'ZdgnfO{
alnof], ;'b' 9[ / ;'/lIft agfpF5 eg]
k|of]usf] sfo{gLltn] b'ZdgnfO{ sdhf]/
agfpF5 . d]/f] ljrf/df cfhsf]
kl/l:yltdf alxisf/sf] gLlt lnFbf
qmflGtnfO{ xf]Og k|ltqmflGtnfO{ kmfObf
k'U5 . xfdLn] alxisf/ ubf{ ju{ zq'x' ?
v';L x'G5g\, of] cfhsf] ;To xf] . æju{
;+3if{df cfkm\gf] ju{nfO{ lhtfpg] af6f]sf]
canDag ug'k{ 5{Æ eGg] s= k|sf08sf]
;+Zn]if0f dgg\of]Uo 5 . cfkm\gf] ju{nfO{
sdhf]/ agfpg] sfo{gLlt unt x'G5 .
ju{ ;+3if{df cfkm\gf] ju{sf] ;'e' mfjnfO{
klg dWogh/ ug{ ;Sg'k5{ . ;+;bLo
lji0f' kGt
r'gfjnfO{ klg Joj:yfs} cGTo ug]{ gofF
xltof/sf ?kdf k|of]u ug]{ ljKnjsf]
gofF ;+Zn]if0f xf] . of] k|of]u k/Dk/fut
k|of]u xf]Og / knfog jf ktg xf]Og .
sd/]8 k|sf08n] kqsf/x?;Fu :ki6
9+un] eGg' ePsf] 5, æxfdL r'gfjdf
hfG5f}+ t/, gofF 9+un] hfG5f}+ . ljKnj
/ k|sf08n] eg]h:t} of] gofF 9+usf]
k|of]u xf], gofF xltof/ / gofF df]rf{ xf] .
of] k|of]uaf6 kf6L{ ;'b9[ x'G5 eg] xfdLn]
lrGtf ug]{ ls xfd kmfNg] < sd/]8
ljKnjn] eGg'e' Ps} 5, æof] tTsflng /
sfo{gLlts ljifo xf] .Æ k|Zg xfdLlt/
klg ;hfpg'k5{, æolb Tof] xf] eg]
cj/f]w, cfz+sf / efF8e}nf] lsg <Æ
;To t of] klg xf] ls j}zfv #) ;Dd
dfq qmflGtsf/L eP/ t x'bF g} . To;kl5
klg x'gk' g]{ xf]nf . kf6L{nfO{ c/fhstflt/
ws]Ng x'bF g} . s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] lg0f{odf
alxisf/ sxfF 5 < k|of]usf] af6f]
vf]lnlbPsf] 5 . sd/]8 ljKnjn] eGg'
ePsf] 5, æOltxf;sf] JofVof ug{ ;lhnf]
x'G5 t/ eljiosf] cg'dfg ug{ ufx|f]
x'G5 .Æ qmflGt eg]sf] ax; klg xf] /
kmnfd] cg'zf;g klg xf] . sDo'lgi6
kf6L{ agfpg] ax;sf] Jojxfl/s
?kfGt/0f vf]O < g]tT[ jsf] k|lta4tf
hgfO;s]sf] 5 ls of] ktg jf
cfTd;dk{0fsf] af6f] xf]Og ;+3if{sf] af6f]
xf] . ax; x'gf;fy cfk"mn] eg]h:tf]
geP d}bfg 5f]85 \ ' eGg] ;+sL0f{tfnfO{
?kfGt/0f ug{ ;Sg'k5{ . of] gofF k|of]u
xf] / o;sf] kl/0ffd s] x'G5, Tof] klg
x]g{] w}ot{ f u/f}+ . ha of] tTsflns /
sfo{gLlts ljifo xf] eg] o;nfO{
/0fgLlts} ?kdf ckJofVof / cg'dfg
lsg < xf] ax;sf qmddf p7]sf ;a}
ts{, ax; / ljrf/x? kf6L{sf k'h F L
x'g\ / ;dosf] qmddf ltgLx?sf]
;dLIff x'bF } hfg] 5 . kf6L{n] t h] ubf{
cfkm\gf] ju{ / qmflGtnfO{ kmfObf k'U' 5,
ToxL ug]{ xf] . ljKnjn] eg] h:t}
k/Dk/fut 9+un] dfq qmflGt x'bF g} ,
of] t w'j| ;To h:t} xf] . clnslt gofF
sbd ;f]Rof] ls k"/} cfz+sf / cj/f]w
ug]{ lrGtgnfO{ abNg' k5{ .
@= g]tT[ jsf] /Iff / ljsf;sf]
-af“ s L clGtd k] h df_
 2 @)&* ;fn r}t @& ut] cfOtaf/

cfufdL lgjf{rgsf ;Gbe{df ;+;b\jfbL kf6L{x?sf] cj:yf

ltdL ltd|f] tl/sfn] n8, xfdL xfd|f] tl/sfn] n8\5f}
– s= dfcf]T;] t'ª
✍ ;DkfbsLo g] k fnsf] ;+ ; b\ j fbL r' g fjL klg b] l vg yfn] s f 5g\ \ . t/, kl/rfng ;ldlt cnu–cnu ePsf cv08tfsf ljifodf ;a} Psdt lnP/

g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{nfO{ /fhgLlt olta]nf aflx/af6 x]bf{ tLg

w|j' df / vf;?kdf b'O{ w|j' df ljeflht
ePsf] b]lvPsf] 5 . Tof] eg]sf] cfufdL
u7aGwg leq /fhdf]n] vf;} dxTj
/ dfGotf kfPsf] b]lvPsf] 5}g .
sltko a}7sx?df ;d]t g]sf+ /
sf/0f pgLx?s} aLrdf r' g fjL
d}bfgdf le8Gt x'gSg] ;+efjgfx? klg
k|an /x]sf 5g\\ . 3f]if0ffkqx?df
lgjf{rgdf hfg]af/]df 5kmn rnfpg
;Sg'kb{Yof] . dfcf]jfbL s]Gb| / Pdfn]
dfq geP/ g]kfnL sf+u; ]| ;Fu ldn]/
r'gfjdf hfg] jftfj/0f agfpm lgjf{rgdf efu lng] / glng]sf
aLrdf ljefhg xf] . r'gfjdf efu
dfcf] j fbL s] G b| n ] /fhdf] s f
k|ltlglwnfO{ gaf]nfpg] / ;fd]n
bnx?n] Pscsf{sf] cfnf]rgf ;d]t
ug{ gkfpg] cj:yf 5 . 3f]if0ffkqdf
lgjf{rgdf hfg nfu]sf] /fli6«o
hgdf]rf{n] ;d]t Pd;L;Lla/f]wL cGo
;/sf/n] cfufdL j}zfv #) ut] :yfgLo lgjf{rg ug]{ 3f]if0ff lng] x ? ljleGg k| n f] e g lb+ b } gu/fpg] u/]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 . t/, cfkm\gf] kf6L{sf] ljrf/, d"No / dfGotf sDo' l gi6 kf6L{ x ?;F u r' g fjdf
u/]sf] 5 . oxL qmddf g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf] xfn} ;DkGg s]lGb|o dtbftfnfO{ cfkm\gf] kIfdf kfg]{ k|of; klg /fhdf]sf] g]sf+ g]tT[ jsf] at{dfg :jtGq?kdf /fVg gkfpg] ePkl5 ;xof]usf nflu cfu|x ug{ ;ls/x]sf]
ul//x]sf 5g\\ eg] ;+;bLo lgjf{rgsf] ;/sf/;Fusf] nDk;f/jfbL gLltn] kfF r bnLo u7aGwgsf ljleGg 5}g . cfufdL lgjf{rg eg]sf] d'Vot
;ldltsf] a}7sn] :yfgLo lgjf{rg k|of]u ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 . lakIfdf /x]sfx?n] ;s];Dd at{dfg ubf{ p;nfO{ klg s]xL :yfgdf 36sx?sf] r'gfjL 3f]if0ffkq dxTjxLg lgjf{ r gdf efu lng] / glng]
t/, ;/sf/n] g} !# dlxgf cl3 ltg a'bF ] ;xdlt u/]/ zflGtk"0f{ ;+;bLo Aoj:yf / ;f] Aoj:yfsf
/fhgLltdf k|jz ] u/fPsf] g]skfnfO{ r'gfjdf hfg] jftfj/0f
;~rfnsx?sf] b'u'{0fsf] AofVof /
laZn]if0f ub}{ hgtfnfO{ ;s];Dd 8f= s]zj b]jsf]6f
agfPsf] b]lvFbg} . ;/sf/n] !# dlxgf lalt;Sbf klg g]skf;Fu dtbfg gug{ / u/]sf] v08df klg
t'ngfTds?kdf b]zeQm / hgkIfLo jf:tjdf ;Qf u7aGwg /
u/]sf] ltg a'bF ] ;xdlt sfof{Gjog u/]sf] 5}g . ;/sf/n] ltg a'bF ] pDd]bjf/nfO{ dtbfg ug{ ;'emfO/x]sf
;xdltcg';f/ g]skfdfly nfufPsf] k|ltaGw x6fpg]afx]s c? 5g\\ . r'gfjdf efu lng]x?sf aLrdf
Pdfn] b'a} v]df
a'bF fsf] sfof{Gjog u/]sf] 5}g . clxn] klg g]skfsf sof}F g]tf,
klg d'Vo?kn] b'O{ kIfx? /x]sf 5g\\ .
g]sf+ g]tT[ jsf] kfFr bnLo u7aGwg
blIf0fkGyL ;+;bLo
sfo{stf{dfly nufOPsf] d'2f lkmtf{ lnOPsf] 5}g, g]skfsf sof}F / Pdfn] . ;+;bLo r'gfjdf efu lng] ljrf/wf/faf6 k|]l/t /x]sf]
cGo ;fgf kf6L{x? /x] klg pgLx?sf]
g]tf – sfo{stf{ cem} klg h]ndf 5g\ . tTsflng ;/sf/;Fu r'gfjL rxn–kxn vf;}?kdf aflx/ b]lvPsf] 5 . t/,
ePsf] tLg a'bF ] ;xdltdf b]zsf] /fhgLlts ;d:ofx? jftf{ / cfpg ;s]sf] 5}g . To:tf r'gfjdf
;+jfbaf6 ;dfwfg ug]{ ;xdlt ePsf] lyof], ;/sf/n] o;sf] ;d]t efu lng] ;fgf kf6L{x?df klg 36gfqmdx?n] Pdfn]nfO{
jfdkGyL / u}/jfdkGyL bnx? /x]sf
kfngf gu/L g]skf;Fu s'g} k/fdz{ gu/L :yfgLo lgjf{rg 3f]if0ff 5g\\ . jf:tjdf ;Qf u7aGwg / ;Qf?9 kfFr bnLo
Pdfn] b'a} v]df blIf0fkGyL ;+;bLo
u/]sf] 5, h;sf sf/0f g]skfnO{ r'gfj k|of]u ug{ sl7gfO{ ePsf] ljrf/wf/faf6 k|]l/t /x]sf] b]lvPsf] u7aGwgsf] t'ngfdf
5 . b]z / hgtfsf] nflu ;+3if{/t kf6L{ tLg a'bF ] ;xdltdfkm{t\ 5 . t/, 36gfqmdx?n] Pdfn]nfO{ k|ultzLn v]dfdf /fv]sf]
zflGtk"0f{ /fhgLltdf cfPsf] 5, p;nfO{ zflGtk"0f{ /fhgLltdf ;Qf?9 kfFr bnLo u7aGwgsf]
l6sfO /fVg ;/sf/n] tLg a'bF ] ;xdlt tTsfn sfof{Gjog ug{'
t'ngfdf k|ultzLn v]dfdf /fv]sf]
5 . :jb]zL /fhgLltsf lx;fan]
5 . :jb]zL /fhgLltsf
k5{ . ;/sf/n] g]skfnfO{ zflGtk"0f{ /fhgLltdf cfpg] af6f] aGb Pdfn] /fi6«jfbL / b]zeQm zlQmx?sf] lx;fan] Pdfn] /fi6«jfbL
glhs /x] s f] b] l vG5 .
u/]/ k'gM ;8s ;+3if{df ws]Ng] uNtL ug{' x'Gg . o;sf nflu cGt/f{li6«o?kdf x]bf{ g]sf+ g]t[Tjsf] / b]zeQm zlQmx?sf] glhs /x]sf] b]lvG5 . cGt/f{li6«o?kdf
;/sf/n] tTsfn tLg a'bF ] ;xdlt sfof{jog u/L cf;Gg :yfgLo kfFr bnLo u7aGwg / Pdfn] b'a}
OG8f] cd]l/sL naLdf /x]sf] :ki6 x]bf{ g]sf+ g]tT[ jsf] kfFr bnLo u7aGwg / Pdfn] b'a} OG8f]
lgjf{rgnfO{ s]xL ;do k/ ws]n/] g]skfsf g]tf – sfo{stf{ / ;f] 5 . of] lgjf{ r gdf kfF r bnLo
kf6L{sf ;dy{snfO{ dtbftf gfdfjnLdf hf]l8g] ;do lbg' kb{5 . u7aGwgn] lht] klg Pdfn]n] lht] cd]l/sL naLdf /x]sf] :ki6 5 . of] lgjf{rgdf kfFr bnLo
klg OG8f] cd]l/sg naL cyf{t\
of] g} clxn]sf] /fhgLlts ;+s6sf] ;xL ;dwfg x'G5 . ;/sf/ Pd;L;L kIfw/x?sf] hLt x' g ]
u7aGwgn] lht] klg Pdfn]n] lht] klg OG8f] cd]l/sg naL
b]zL ljb]zL bnfn / k|ltlqmofjfbLsf] nxnx}df nfu]/ g]skfnfO{ b]lvPsf] 5 . kfFr bnLo u7aGwgn] cyf{t\ Pd;L;L kIfw/x?sf] hLt x'g] b]lvPsf] 5 .
cfkm\gf] r'gfjL df]rf{sf] g]tT[ jdf ;d]t
gh/cGbfh ub}{ cl3 a9] b]z k'gM åGbdf km:g ;S5 . t;y{, g] k fnL sf+ u | ] ; sf g] t f /fdrGb| ljZj ;fd|fHojfbn] g]kfndf dfq geP/ ljZjd} km'6fp /
b]znfO{ åGådf ws]Ng] b]zL lab]zL bnfn / k|ltlqmofjfbLsf] kf}8n ] nfO{ rog u/]sf] 5 . pgLx?n]
xs{tnfO{ a]nd} f lg:t]h kfg{ ;/sf/n] h'g;'s} d"Nodf g]skfnfO{ s]lGb|o:t/df kfFr bnLo u7aGwg zf;g u/ eGg] gLltnfO{ cjnDag ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . Tof]
agfP/ r'gfjL tfnd]nsf] 3f]if0ff u/]
cf;Gg :yfgLo lgjf{rgdf ;xefuL u/fpg] kb{5 . cfhsf] klg g]kfnL sf+u; ]| n] :yfgLo:t/df ;fd|fHojfbLx?sf] 3f]lift gLltg} xf] . ef/tLo
cfjZostf, ;dosf] dfu / hgrfxgf klg oxL 5, r]tgf eof . dfq r'gfjL tfnd]n x'g;Sg]÷ug'k{ g]]{
gLlt agfPsf sf/0fn] dfcf]jfbL s]Gb| ;fd|fHojfbLx?sf] cfzLjf{b lngsf nflu xfn} k|wfgdGqL
o'jf ;+u7gåf/f aGws agfOPsf kl/jf/sf] p2f/ / PsLs[ t ;dfhjfbLh:tf
kf6L{x?nfO{ cfufdL :yfgLo lgjf{rg
kmnfdsf] Ro'/f rkfP;/x x'g] ePsf]
tyf g]kfnL sf+u|];sf ;efklt z]/axfb'/ b]pjfsf] g]t[Tjdf
sf7df8f} F . g] k fn sDo' l g:6
kf6L{lgs6 o'jf ;Ë7g bfªn] C0f
ah]b]lv y'lgPsf] ;Gt' kl/jf/ ;fFem
^M#) ah];Dd y'lgbf;d]t Onfsf 5 . s]Gb|df hlt;'s} u7aGwg u/]
dfcf]jfbL s]Gb| / PsLs[t ;dfhjfbLnufotsf kf6L{sf
ltg{ g;s]kl5 y'lgPsf Ps kl/jf/sf] k|x/L sfof{no t'n;Lk'/n] cQf]kQf] klg :yfgLo txdf tfnd] n
ug{÷u/fpg lgSs} s7Lg kg]{ b]lvPsf]
k|ltlglwn] lbNnLdf ef/tLo hgtf kf6L{sf] sfof{nodf uP/
p2f/ u/]sf] 5 . ;f] ;+u7gn] t'n;Lk'/ ;d]t kfpg ;s]g t/, ToxL ck/fwsf]
pkdxfgu/kflnsfl:yt /fli6« o ;"rgf l9n} eP klg g]skf lgs6 5 . dfcf] j fbL s] G b| s f cWoIf enfs';f/L u/]sf] 36gf klg :d/0fLo 5 .
afl0fHo a}+s /x]sf] 3/sf] tNnf] o'jf ;Ë7g g]kfn bfªsf g]tf– k'iksdn bfxfnn] cys k|of; u/L
tnfdf ;~rflnt Go' g]kfn ;'grfFbL sfo{stf{x¿nfO{ k|fKt ePsf] lyof] . Pdfn]nfO{ laefhg u/fPkl5 PsLs[t ;xefuL u/fpg] ;+efjgf 5 . o; x'g] lglZrt 5 . jf:tjdf g]kfnL /fhgLlts zlQmx?sf aLrsf] hgdt
k;nsf ;~rfns nlnt u'Ktfåf/f sf]7fdf y'lgPsf ;Gt' kl/jf/n] aflx/ ;dfhjfbLsf] u7g ePsf] xf] . t/, kl/36gfn] ut sfndf /fhdf]n] sf+ u | ] ; lagf r' g fj n8\ g g;Sg] ;+ux| xf] . bf]>f] u7aGwg agfP klg
y'lgPsf pgs} k;nsf sfdbf/ /x]sf cfˆgf cfkmGt jf ;fyLefOnfO{ lgjf{rg cfof]uaf6 kf6L{ut dfGotf Pd;L;Lsf] la/f]w ug'{ s]jn cfkm\gf] bnx?n] p;}sf] r'gfjL 3f]if0ffkqnfO{ gagfP klg Pdfn] / g]kfnL sf+u; ]| sf
;Gt'sf] kl/jf/nfO{ p2f/ u/]sf] xf] . kmf]g u/]sf] kSs} x'gk' 5{ lsgls ;f9] kfpgf;fy ;f] ;d"xn] dfcf]jfbL dxTj a9fpgsf nflu dfq lyof] eGg] dfg]sf] eP klg km/s kg]{ s'/f s]xL aLrsf] k|ltikwf{ xf] . a'em\gk' g]{ s'/f
o'jf ;Ë7g bfªsf] kxndf ;f]daf/ % ah]lt/ ;Gt';xLt pgsf] kl/jf/ s]Gb|;Fu kf6L{ Pstf gug]{ 3f]if0ff :ki6 ePsf] 5 . lsgls kfFr bnLo klg lyPg . lsgls /fhgLlts s] klg 5 eg] s]xL ljb]zL zlQmx?n]
laxfg * ah]b]lv ;'grfFbL k;n ;fx' u'Ktfåf/f y'lgPsf] va/ o'jf u/]sf] lyof] eg] xfn;Dd klg r'gfjL u7aGwgaf6 lgjf{rg n8]kl5 ca lx;fjn] klg kfFr bnLo u7aGwgsf g]kfndf s'g} klg kf6L{n] ax'dt Nofpg
;~rfns u'Ktfn] cfˆg} lghL lgjf; ;Ë7g g]kfn bfªsf ;lrj ;'bz{gn] tfnd]n÷;xsfo{ ug]{ 3f]if0ff u/]sf] /fhdf]n] r'gfj k|rf/sf qmddf ;a} 36sx? Ps} 8\ofªsf x'g\ . o; g;Sg] u/L ljleGg ;+ ; bjfbL
t'n;Lk'/ laP;P; kf6L{ Kofn]; glhs} kfPsf] atfpF5g\\ . g]tf ;'bz{gn] 5}g . ca kfFr bnLo u7aGwgn] Pd;L;Lnufot g]kfndf e}/x]sf k6ssf] lgjf{rgdf Pdfn] / kfFr bnx?nfO{ kl/rfng u/]sf 5g\\ .
/x]sf] 3/sf] cG8/u|fpG8df y'g]/ ;'grfFbL k;ndf sfo{/t sfdbf/ To;df /x]sf 36sx?nfO{ c?;Fu ef/tLo / klZrdf ultljlwx?sf] bnLo u7aGwgsf s'g} klg 36sx?n] kf6L{x?nfO{ cfk;df ldNg glbP/
/fv]sf] ;Gt'sf] kl/jf/nfO{ o'jf ;Ë7g laxfgb]lv aGb sf]7fdf y'lgPsf] va/ tfnd]n ug{ gkfpg] eg]sf sf/0f la/f]w ug{ kfpg] 5}g . la/f]w ug]{ ljrf/sf] ax;nfO{ eGbf klg cfk;L g]kfnsf] /fhgLlt wldnf] agfpg] /
g]kfn bfªsf] ;xsfo{ / Onfsf k|x/L kmf]gdfkm{t\ k|fKt u/]kl5 pgn] kf6L{ dfcf] j fbL s] G b| / PsLs[ t k| o f; u/] d f Tof] kfF r bnLo uflnunf} h nfO{ k| d ' v tf lbPsf] wldnf] kfgLdf df5f dfg]{ ljb]zLx?sf]
sfof{no t'n;Lk'/af6 vl6Psf] g]kfn k4lt / k|lqmof cg'?k kf6L{sf ;dfhjfbLsf aLrdf 5'§} r'gfjL u7aGwgsf aLrdf c:jegLo dflgg] b]lvPsf] 5 . Tof] eg]sf] pgLx?;Fu gLlt sfod g} /x]sf] 5 . ljZj
k|x/Lsf] 6f]nLn] p2f/ u/]sf] xf] . t'n;Lk'/ pkdxfgu/kflnsf OGrfh{ tfnd]n x'g] s'g} ;+efjgf 5}g . h;sf] cj:yf 5 . kfFr bnLo u7aGwgdf s'g} klg a}rfl/s k|lta4tf 5}g ;fd|fHojfbn] g]kfndf dfq geP/
Go' g] k fn ;' g rfF b L k;nsf ljsf;nfO{ ;Dks{ u/] / cGo cfˆgf d'Vo sf/0f b'a} ;d"xsf] nufj g]kfnL /x] klg h;kf;d]t sltko cj:yfdf eGg]g} xf] . ljrf/laxLg /fhgLlts ljZjd} km'6fp / zf;g u/ eGg]
;~rfns u'Ktfn] sfdbf/ ;Gt'n] g]tf–sfo{stf{nfO{ ;d]t 36gfaf/] sf+u|];lt/ ePsfn]g} xf] . lsgls 7"nf bnsf] pk]Iffsf] lzsf/ x'g] u/]sf] kf6L{x?sf] w]o h;/L klg hfnem]n gLltnfO{ cjnDag ub}{ cfPsf] 5 .
cfk"m;Fu C0f afkt #% xhf/ ?k}ofF hfgsf/L u/fpFb} p2f/df h'6\g'kg]{ sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] gfd lnP klg 5 . To;}n] xf]nf p;n] ;f] u7aGwgdf u/]/ ;Qf / zlQmdf k'Ug] tyf ToxfF Tof] ;fd|fHojfbLx?sf] 3f]lift gLltg}
glt/]kl5 ;f]daf/ laxfg * ah]b]lv cj:yfsf] af/]df ;d]t clkn u/] . oyfy{df pgLx? ljrf/ z"Go gfd cfkm\gf] ;Ddfghgs :yfg vf]h]sf] k'uk] l5 AolQmut nfe xfFl;n ug]{ eGg]g} xf] . ef/tLo ;fd| f HojfbLx?sf]
cfˆg} sfdbf/ ;Gt';xLt pgsL b'O{ To;kl5 s]xL ;dokl5 g]skf dfqsf sDo' l gi6 kf6L{ x' g \ . b]lvPsf] 5 . To:t} cj:yf k/]sf] x'G5 . jf:tjdf ;+;bLo /fhgLlts cfzLjf{b lngsf nflu xfn} k|wfgdGqL
jif{sL 5f]/L / >LdtLnfO{ cfˆg} lghL t' n ;Lk' / pkdxfgu/sf OGrfh{ /fhgLltsf lx;fjn] klg dfcf]jfbL v08df cfufdL j}zfv #) ut]sf] k|0ffnLsf] laz]iftf eg]sf] klg ToxLg} tyf g] k fnL sf+ u | ] ; sf ;efklt
lgjf;df y'gs ] f] Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no ljsf;n] Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no s]Gb| / PsLs[t ;dfhjfbLeGbf lgjf{rg;Dddf ;f] ;d"x kfFr bnLo xf] . s:tf] e}lbof] eg] g]kfndf bh{g z]/axfb'/ b]pjfsf] g]tT[ jdf dfcf]jfbL
t'n;Lk'/sf l8P;kL Zofd' cof{nn] t'n;Lk'/nfO{ 36gfsf] af/]df hfgsf/L g]kfnL sf+u; ]| cfkm\gf] 7fpFdf :ki6 u7aGwgaf6} cnu x' g ;Sg] a9L sDo'lgi6 kf6L{x? /x]sf 5g\\ . s]Gb| / PsLs[t ;dfhjfbLnufotsf
atfP . laxfg * ah]b]lv y'lgPsf] u/fPnuQ} Onfsf k|x/L sfof{noaf6 /x]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 . Pd;L;L k|s/0fdf ;+efjgfx? klg /x]sf 5g\\ . o;/L lgjf{rg cfof]udf lgjf{rgsf] k|of]hgsf kf6L{sf k|ltlglwn] lbNnLdf ef/tLo
;Gt'sf] kl/jf/nfO{ sl/j ;f9] !) vl6Psf] g]kfn k|x/Lsf] 6f]nL / g]skf kfFr bnLo u7aGwg kl/Tofu u/]sf] dfcf] j fbL s] G b| / PsLs[ t nflu btf{ ePsf bnx?df gfdsf hgtf kf6L{sf] sfof{nodf uP/
3G6fkl5 ;fFem ^M$% ah]lt/ p2f/ lgs6 o'jf ;Ë7g g]kfnsf] ;xsfo{df t/ g]sf+ g]t[Tjsf] ;/sf/nfO{ lbPsf] ;dfhjfbLsf] hf]8 andf s]Gb|df kfFr lx;fjn] sDo'lgi6 kf6L{x?sf] ;+Vof !) enfs';f/L u/]sf] 36gf klg :d/0fLo
ul/Psf] lyof] . ;Gt'sf] kl/jf/nfO{ p2f/ ul/Psf] ;dy{g lkmtf{ glnPsf] atfpFb} cfPsf] bnLo u7aGwg agfP klg ToxfF eGbf a9L /x]sf] 5 . t/, s'g} klg 5 . dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|n] Pdfn]nfO{ ;f]
;Gt' kl/jf/ cfˆg} dflnsåf/f lyof] . ;Gt' kl/jf/sf] p2f/df /fli6«o hgdf]rf{ olta]nf km]l/ kfFr ;xefuL ;a} kf6L{sf aLrdf /fd|f] sDo'lgi6 kf6L{x?sf aLrdf r'gfjL kf6L{sf ljleGg g]tfx?nfO{ prfn]/
sl/j ;f9] !) 3G6f;Dd dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]ns] f] eGb} g]skfsf bnLo u7aGwgs} ;'/Iff 5ftfleq d]n x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . hxfF :jfy{ / tfnd]n e}/x]sf] 5}g . r'gfjdf p7\g] cnuynu kfg]{ k|of; ug'{ / g]kfnL
cG8/u|fpG8 sf]7fdf y'lgbf;d]t o'jfx¿nfO{ :yfgLon] wGojfb;d]t k'u]sf] 5 . kfFr bnLo u7aGwgsf bfpk]rsf] v]n klg e}/x]sf] 5 . kfFr tof/Ldf /x]sf sDo'lgi6 kf6L{x?n] sf+u;]| nfO{ PSn} r'gfjdf efu lng
k| x /L a] v a/ /Xof] . laxfg * 1fkg u/]sf 5g\\ . sltko a}7sx?df /fhdf]sf k|ltlglw bnsf] r'gfjL 3f]if0ffkq / r'gfj sd;]sd /fi6«, /fli6«otf / /fli6«o glbg' klg o;sf] tfhf pbfxf/0f xf] .
 @)&* ;fn r}t @& ut] cfOtaf/
;+;bLo lgjf{rg / sDo'lg:6
bnfn k'h
F LjfbL Joj:yfsf] :yfgLo
txsf] lgjf{rg 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] 5 .
To;n] ;a} /fhgLlts bnx¿nfO{
k|efj kf/]sf] 5 . hgtfsf] aLrdf
klg ax;sf] ljifo ag]sf] 5 . xfd|f]
clgn zdf{
kf6L{sf] sfo{gLlt …k|ultzLn ;+oQ' m
;/sf/Ú / To;sf] g]tT[ jdf …hgdt
;+ux| sf] lgjf{rgÚ xf] . xfdL clxn]
b'O{ dlxg] lgjf{rg …k|of]uÚ sf]
sfo{gLlt nfu" ug]{ k|lqmofut /
gLltut r/0fdf 5f}+ . Tof]afx]s
c? sfo{gLlt 5}g / Tof] kf6L{
gLlt lj/f]wL / Go"gtd k|lqmof
ga'‰g]x?sf] ;d:of xf] . Ps}
k6s b'O{ jf ;f]eGbf a9L
sfo{gLltx¿ Ps} k6s nfu" x'g
;S5g\\ . ;+;bLo lgjf{rgdf klg xfdL Joj:yf kl/jt{gsf] sfo{gLlt lnP/}
hfG5f}+ . h'g g 5f]l8Psf] 5 g t k/ ;fl/Psf] 5 . k|r08 k'/fgf] ;Qf
;'b9[ ug{ / k'/fgf] ;+ljwfg tyf k|0ffnL dfg]/ r'gfjdf uPsf] sf/0f sdhf]/
ePsf x'g\ . xfdL k'/fgf] ;Qf / Joj:yf lj36g ug{ k|of]u ub{5f}+ .
o;nfO{ gb]Vg' b[li6e|d xf] . ;dfgfGt/ ;Qf lgdf{0f / /Iffy{ r'gfjdf uP
dfS;{jfb x'G5 / k'/fg} ;Qfdf ljno / ;xof]uL eP/ uP ;+zf]wgjfb
x'G5 . hxfF;Dd g}lts k|Zg xf], cfˆgf] ju{ / cfGbf]ngsf] nflu h] ubf{
kmfObf x'G5 ToxL g} sDo'lg:6 g}ltstf xf] . g}lts k|Zg b'O{ ljZjb[li6sf]0f
aflx/sf] ljifo xf]Og . sDo'lg:6 kf6L{df d"n g]tT[ j / kf6L{ ;b:on] lg0f{o
ug]{ xf] . eL8n] lg0f{o ug]{ xf]Og . sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ / To;sf] g]tT[ jn]
lg0f{o ug]{ :jtGqtf u'dfpg' x'bF g} . xfdLnfO{ g]tT[ jk|lt ljZjf; x'gs
g]tT[ jsf] gLltk|lt klg ljZjf; x'g' xf] cGoyf cGt/lj/f]wL x'G5 .
kf6L{ g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{df klg
To;n] k|efj kf/]sf] 5 / ax; /
k|Zg 5 . oxfF ;f]xL ljifodf rrf{
ul/g]5 . != cGt/f{li6«o cg'ej
lgjf{rgsf] ljifodf rLg, ¿; /
o'/f]ksf cf–cfˆg} cg'ejx¿ /x]sf
5g\ \ . n] l ggsf] g] t [ T jsf] ¿;L
sDo'lg:6 kf6L{n] ;g\ !()% ;Dd
¿;L ;+;b -b'df_ sf] alx:sf/ u/]sf]
lyof] . ;g\ !()%–)& aLrsf]
hgljb|f]x c;kmn ePkl5 ¿;L
sDo'lg:6 kf6L{n] b'dfsf] lgjf{rgdf
efu lnof] . To;kl5sf lbgdf slxNo}
alx:sf/ u/]g . n]lggn] klxnf] b'dfsf]
r'gfj alx:sf/ ug{' uNtL ePsf]
;d]t :jLsf/ ug{'ePsf] lyof] .
n]lggn] cl:6«ofnL …;fdflhs hgjfbL
kf6L{sf] r'gfj alx:sf/sf] gLltnfO{
lkFw gePsf] nf]6fÚ ;/xsf] lgDg–
k'h
F LjfbL hgjfbL lrGtg eGg'ePsf]
lyof] . n] l gg eGg' x ' G 5, …xfdL
sDo'lg:6x¿ k'h F LjfbL ;+;bdf s]
cy{df hfG5f}+ eg] k'h F LjfbL d~raf6
g} >lds tyf pTkLl8t hgtfnfO{
7Ug] e|i6 k'FhLjfbL tTjx?nfO{ leq
/ aflx/ b' j } l t/af6 gfËf] kfg{
;lsof];\ .Ú t];f| ] cGt/f{li6«on] ;+;bLo
lgjf{rg pkof]u ug{k' g]{ lg0f{o u/]sf]
lyof] . To;} ;Gbe{df hd{g sDo'lg:6
kf6L{n] r'gfj pkof]u ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf]
lyof] eg] cl:6«ofnL sDo'lg:6 kf6L{n]
;+;bLo lgjf{rg alx:sf/ ug]{ lg0f{o
u/]sf] lyof] . cl:6«ofnL sDo'lg:6
kf6L{sf] r'gfj alx:sf/sf] gLlt
;DaGwdf egfO{ lyof] ,
…sDo'lg:6x¿sf nflu ;+;bsf] dxTj
k|rf/sf] Pp6f d~rsf] ¿kdf dfq
/xG5 . xfd|f] b]z cl:6«ofdf k|rf/sf]
Pp6f d~rsf] ¿kdf dhb'/x?sf]
kl/ifb /x]sf] 5 . To;sf/0f xfdL
k'h
F LjfbL ;+;bsf] pkof]u ug]{ s'/f
c:jLsf/ ub{5f}+ . hd{gLdf dhb'/sf]
' f] cy{
To; k|sf/sf] s'g} kl/ifb 5}g, h;sf]
sf/0f To;sf] pk]Iff ug{ ;lsGg .
To;sf/0f pgLx? hd{gLdf r'gfj
pkof]usf] gLlt lnG5g\\ .Ú cl:6«ofnL
sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf] pko{Q ' m ;f]rsf]
lj¿å n]lgg eGg'xG' 5, …d of] ts{
a]l7s dfG5', ha;Dd xfdL k'h F LjfbL
;+;b eË ug{ c;dy{ x'G5f},+ ta;Dd
To;sf] leq / aflx/ b'jl} t/af6 k|rf/
ug{ cfjZos 5 . ha;Dd >lds
hgtfnfO{ d'l7\7e/ k'h F Lklt ju{sf]
;Ddflgt ;+:yfaf6 >lds ju{nfO{
7Ug k|of]u u5{g,\ To;k|lt hgtfsf]
;fgf] efun] eP klg ljZjf; u5{,
xfdLn] ltg} d~raf6 pgLx?sf]
e08fkmf]/ ug{k' b{5 . cfˆgf] lgisif{df
n]lgg eGg'xG' 5, …;d:t d]xgtjz
hgtf s] aLr cfGbf]ng rnfg] s]
p2]Zo P] r'gfjf]+ d]+ efu n]g] s] lno]
st{Joa4 x}===;Dk"0f{ >lds hgtfsf]
aLrdf ;‹if{ p7fpg] p2]Zon] r'gfjdf
efu lng' cfˆgf] st{Jo x'G5_ . ;g\
!(@) ;] K 6] D a/df cl:6« o fnL
sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf] /fli6«o dxflwj]zg
k"j{ kf6L{sf] d'vkq k|sflzt lyof],
h;df n]lggsf] klg n]v ;dfj]z
lyof] . ;f] n]v k|sflzt ePkl5
cfˆgf] k"j{ lg0f{o abNg} r'gfjdf efu
lng] lg0f{o u/]sf] lyof] . ;dsfnLg
hd{g sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf g]tf sfn{
lnVtg]t ;f+;b lyP / dhb'/sf]
h'n;' df efu lnPsf] cj:yfdf pgL
;xLb eP . n]lggn] 8]lg; sDo'lg:6
kf6L{nfO{ klg ;+;bLo r'gfjdf efu
lng ;'emfj lbg'ePsf] lyof] .
n]lggsf] ;dsfnLg ljZjdf k|mG] r
sDo'lg:6 kf6L{n] ;+;bLo r'gfjaf6
g} ;dfhjfb Nofpg] p2]Zon] r'gfjdf
efu lnof] . ha ;f] kf6L{ k|dv
' k|ltkIf
aGof] ;/sf/n] r'gfjL k|lqmof s7f]/
agfof] . To;kl5 k|mG] r sDo'lg:6 kf6L{
sdhf]/ eof] / t];|f] r'gfjdf gfd
dfqsf] pkl:ylt eP/ uof] .
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/ hg;]jf ug]{ p2]Zon] ;+;bLo
r'gfjdf hfFbf cfGbf]ngsf] lxtdf
x'G5 t/ ;+;bLo r'gfj / Joj:yfaf6}
g} ;'wf/ ub}{ ;dfhjfbdf k'Ug] nIo
lnOof] eg] lj;h{g x'G5 . To;}n]
/0fgLltsf] ;xof]usf nflu / ;j{xf/f
ju{sf] ;Qf lgdf{0f / /Iffy{ ;+;bLo
r'gfjdf hfg ;lsG5 . t/ k'/fgf] ;Qfdf
hfFbf lau|G5 . hd{g, cl:6«ofnL, ¿;L
sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ e08fkmf]/ ug{ uP kmfObf
eof] . k|mG] r, O08f]gl] ;of, lrnLdf k'h
F LjfbL
;+;b / r'gfjaf6} qmflGt b]Vbf Iflt
ePsf] lyof] .
rLgdf dfcf] n ] Rofª–sfO{ –
;]s;Fusf] jftf{df ;+;bLo r'gfjdf
efu lng] t/ cfwf/ Onfsfdf cfkm}n F ]
lgjf{rg u/fpg] atfpg'ePsf] lyof]
t/ jftf{ c;kmn ePsf]n] lgjf{rgsf]
ax; g} cGTo ePsf] lyof] . @=
g]kfnsf] cg'ejg]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{n]
@)!% ;fnsf] cfd lgjf{rgdf efu
lnP/ $ j6f ;f+;b ;+;bdf k7fPsf]
lyof] . To;}u/L sf7df8f}Fsf] d]o/
kbdf klg lht] s f] lyof] . ;f]
lgjf{rgdf ¿;sf] k|efj lyof] .
@)@# nfdf rLgdf ;f+:s[lts qmflGt
k|f/De ePkl5 dfq rLgsf] k|efj
tLa| ePsf] xf] . @)#% ;fndf
tTsfnL g]skf -dfn]_ dfcf]ljrf/
:yug -8«k_ u¥of] / v|'Zr]esf]
u' 0 fufg ufpg tyf dfcf] s f]
ljb| ' k Ls/0f Ps;fy ;' ¿ u/] s f]
lyof] . dfcf] ljrf/ :yug u/]sf] tLg
jif{kl5 @)#* ;fnlt/ dfn] ;+;bLo
lgjf{rgdf hfg] lg0f{odf k'Uof] .
ljrf/df ktg jf :vng ePkl5
r'gfjdf uPsf] sf/0f qmflGtsf/L kf6L{
/ hgkf6L{ -df;kf6L{_ df ablnof] .
kf6L{n] qmflGtsf/L 5lj tyf ;f/tTj
u'dfof] . @)$* ;fndf tTsfnLg
g] s kf -Pstf s] G b| _ ;+ ; bLo
lgjf{rgdf uof] . kf6L{sf] hgfwf/
a9\of] . @)%! ;fndf kf6L{ ljefhg
ePkl5 ;f+;bx? klg ljeflht eP .
Pshgf :jtGq a;] . ^ hgf nfdf
;d"xdf / @ hgf hgo'4df nfu] .
/f]Nkf lhlj; ;efklt lu/ˆtf/ eP .
tTsfnLg g]skf -Pstf s]Gb|_ ;+;bLo
r'gfjdf efu lnP/ klg @)%$
;fndf k'gM alx:sf/df kmSof]{ .
j}rfl/s :vng ePsf] sf/0f dfn]
kf6L{ slxNo} kms]{g . xfdL cfkm}F
@)^$ df ;+ ; bLo lgjf{ r g /
;/sf/df ;xefuL eof}+ . dGqL /
;f+;b eof}+ . t/ @)&)÷)&! df
km]l/ alx:sf/ u¥of}+ . clxn] km]l/
k|of]usf] sfo{gLltdf cfPsf 5f}+ .
;+;bLo lgjf{rgsf] ;Gbe{df xfdL km]l/
k|of]u–pkof]u–e08fkmf]/–alx:sf/
;a}df ;kmn 5f}+ . of] xfd|f] cfˆg}
hLjgsf] ;kmn cg'ej xf] . r'gfjdf
efu lnFb}df ;'wf/jfbL / alx:sf/
ub}{df qmflGtsf/L x'g] s'/f xf]Og .
k~rfotL sfndf r'gfj alx:sf/
u/] / sfF u | ] ; qmflGtsf/L ePg .
@)$* ;fndf r'gfjdf uP/ g]skf
-Pstf s] G b| _ ;' w f/jfbL ePg .
kf6L{sf] ljrf/ / /fhgLlt ;xL 5
eg] r'gfj pkof]u u/] klg alx:sf/
u/] klg tflTjs c;/ kb}{g . t/
/0fgLltnfO{ ;]jf s] ubf{ x'G5 eGg]
k|Zg k|wfg xf] . #= dfS;{jfbL b[li6 /
lje|d xfdL ;/sf/;Fusf] jftf{df 5f}+ .
;/sf/n] nfu" ug{'kg]{, sfof{Gjog
ug{k' g]{ # gDa/ a'bF f nfu" u/]sf] 5}g .
t/, em08} Ps xhf/ aGbLx?dWo]
ca #% hgf cf:yfsf aGbLx? h]ndf
5g\\ . jftf{sf] k|of; x'Fb} ubf{ To;sf]
k|efjn] xfdL l/xf eof}+ . jftf{ gePsf]
eP ;'bz{g / s~rg klg 5'6\g]
lyPgg\ . ;/sf/n] grfx] klg jftf{sf]
k|efj 5 . oxfF n]lggsf] Pp6f syg
:d/0fLo 5– …b'O{hgf ofqLx? st}
hfFb} lyP . af6f]df 8fFs; ' uF hDsfe]6
eof] . Pp6fn] 8fFsf;Fu 8s}tLsf] wg
cfwf–cfwf afF8g\ ] u/L ;Demf}tf u/]/
nufgL u¥of] . csf]{n] Hofg arfpg
/ abnf lng k};f, xltof/ / afxg
lbof] . b'j}n] 8fFsfnfO{ lbP . t/ oL
b'O{ aLrdf km/s 5, Pp6} h:tf]
nfu] k lg leGgtf a' ‰ g ;Sg' k 5{
eGg'ePsf] lyof] . To;}n] Pdfn], dfs],
sfFu; ]| / xfd|f] ;+;bLo r'gfjnfO{ Pp6}
b]Vg]x? qmflGtsf/L xf]Ogg\ e|flGtsf/L
x'g\ . cWoIf dfcf]n] rLgdf ;+;bLo
Joj:yf x'GYof] eg] xfdL efu lnGYof}+
eGg'ePsf] k|;Ë :d/0fLo 5 . ;z:q
alx:sf/ ubf{ clxn] sfo{lbzf k|lts"n
x'g5] . lgl:qmo alx:sf/n] hgtfaf6
s6fpF5 . Psflt/ n]lggn] eg]em} leq
-;+;b / cGo_ af6 / aflx/ -;8s
;‹if{_ b'j}lt/ / ;a} df]rf{af6 bnfn
k'FhLjfbsf lj?4 k|xf/ ug{'k5{ .
o;sf] lj?4 pleg]x? sfo{lbzf ga'‰g]
dg'jfx¿ x'g\ .
kf6L{sf] sfo{gLlt …k|ultzLn
;+o'Qm ;/sf/Ú / To;sf] g]t[Tjdf
…hgdt ;+u|xsf] lgjf{rgÚ xf] . xfdL
clxn] b'O{ dlxg] lgjf{rg …k|of]uÚ sf]
sfo{gLlt nfu" ug]{ k|lqmofut /
gLltut r/0fdf 5f}+ . Tof]afx]s c?
sfo{gLlt 5}g / Tof] kf6L{ gLlt lj/f]wL
/ Go"gtd k|lqmof ga'‰g]x?sf] ;d:of
xf] . Ps} k6s b'O{ jf ;f]eGbf a9L
sfo{gLltx¿ Ps} k6s nfu" x'g
;S5g\\ . ;+;bLo lgjf{rgdf klg xfdL
Joj:yf kl/jt{gsf] sfo{gLlt lnP/}
hfG5f}+ . h'g g 5f]l8Psf] 5 g t k/
;fl/Psf] 5 . k|r08 k'/fgf] ;Qf ;'b9[
ug{ / k'/fgf] ;+ljwfg tyf k|0ffnL
dfg]/ r'gfjdf uPsf] sf/0f sdhf]/
3
ePsf x'g\ . xfdL k'/fgf] ;Qf / Joj:yf
lj36g ug{ k|of]u ub{5f}+ . o;nfO{
x'G5 / ;+;bjfbsf] e08fkmf]/ ug{,
;+ o ' Q m df] r f{ s f] ljsf; ug{ /
gb]Vg' b[li6e|d xf] . ;dfgfGt/ ;Qf hgr] t gf –hgPstf ;' b [ 9 ug{
lgdf{0f / /Iffy{ r'gfjdf uP dfS;{jfb ;+;bLo lgjf{rgdf uOG5 eg] Tof]
x'G5 / k'/fg} ;Qfdf ljno / ;xof]uL rfxLF dfS;{jfb x'G5 . $= ;+o'Qm
eP/ uP ;+zf]wgjfb x'G5 . hxfF;Dd df]rf{sf] ljsf;g]kfnnfO{ lj=;+= !*&#
g} l ts k| Z g xf] , cfˆgf] ju{ /
cfGbf]ngsf] nflu h] ubf{ kmfObf x'G5
-;g\ !*!^_ sf] ;'uf}nL ;lGwn] la|l6z
pklgj]z agfPsf] lyof] . To;sf]
ToxL g} sDo'lg:6 g}ltstf xf] . g}lts sf/0f g]kfnn] PsltxfO{ e'efu
k|Zg b'O{ ljZjb[li6sf]0f aflx/sf] ljifo u'dfof] . g]kfnLx? ef8fsf l;kfxL ag]
xf]Og . sDo'lg:6 kf6L{df d"n g]tT[ j / !)$ aif{ ; Dd /f0ff zf;g
/ kf6L{ ;b:on] lg0f{o ug]{ xf] . eL8n] ef]Ug'k¥of] . lj=;+= @))& -;g\ !(%)_
lg0f{o ug]{ xf]Og . sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ / sf] g]kfn–ef/t zflGt tyf d}qL
To;sf] g]tT[ jn] lg0f{o ug]{ :jtGqtf ;lGwn] cfhsf] ef/tLo pTkL8g
u'dfpg' x'Fb}g . xfdLnfO{ g]t[Tjk|lt ef] l u/x] s f 5f} F . @)&* ;fnsf]
ljZjf; x'gs ' f] cy{ g]tT[ jsf] gLltk|lt Pd;L;L ;Demf}tfsf] sf/0f g]kfn
klg ljZjf; x' g ' xf] cGoyf cd]l/sL ;}Go u7aGwgdf uPsf] 5 .
cGt/lj/f]wL x'G5 .
sfn{dfS;{n] k'FhL, v08 ! sf]
c;+nUg k//fi6« gLlt 5f]l8Psf] 5
/ o'qm]g qf;bL sfod 5 . cd]l/sLn]
;'¿df g} cd]l/sL ;dfhsf] syg b]zeQm zlQm / qmflGtsf/L zlQmnfO{
…ltdLnfO{ cfˆgf] af/]df ljZjf; 5 cnu–ynu u/]/ bdg ug{ vf]lh/x]sf]
eg] b'lgofFn] h];s ' } egf];\ cufl8 a9Ú 5 . Pd;L;L lj/f]wL z;Qm k|lt/f]wsf]
af6 ;'? ug{'ePsf] 5 . xfdLnfO{ s]Gb|df g]skf /x]sf] s'/f ts{ xf]Og
PsLs[t hgqmflGt sfo{lbzfk|lt ls tYo xf] . g]skfnfO{ bdg ug]{ /
ljZjf; 5 eg] hgo'4sf] sfo{gLlt
k|of]u ug{'x'Fb}g . cfqmd0faf6 /Iff
hgkl/rfng /f]Sg] cd]l/sL kIfw/sf]
3]/faGbL tf]8\g lgjf{rg k|of]usf]
vf]Hg] xf] t/ /fhgLlts cfqmd0f / sfo{ g Llt lnOPsf] xf] . To;} n ]
/fhgLlts >]i7tf ;fljt gu/L kmf}hL lgjf{rgsf] k|of]u ug]g{ LltnfO{ lgDg
jf k|fljlws cfqmd0f x'Fb}g . To;}n] # a'Fbfdf x]/f}+–
cfqmd0f / /Iffsf] k|ZgnfO{ hgo'4df s_ :jtGq pDd]bjf/ p7fpg]
g]tfn] af]n]sf] w"ldn :d[lt u/]/ dfq v_ kf6L{ lgjf{rg cfof]udf btf{ gug]{
k'Ub}g . To;}n] …k|of]uÚ sf] sfo{gLlt
k'/fg} sfo{gLltsf] ;xof]uL sfo{gLlt
u_ b] z eQm / k| u ltzLn
zlQmx¿nfO{ ;dy{g ug]{ efjgfsf]
xf] . ef]nL n8\g'kg]{ zlQm;Fu cfh} l;qmLn] afFlwP/ clttd'vL ofqf ug]n { ]
n8\ g ' x' F b } g . cWoIf dfcf] n ] gofF sfo{lbzf ljsf;df s'g} of]ubfg
…cGt/lj/f] w af/] Ú gfds cfˆgf] ug{ ;Sb}g . xfdLnfO{ yfxf 5–
/rgfdf k|wfg cGt/lj/f]wsf] k|wfg Pd;L;L kfl/t ePkl5 xfd| f ]
kIf x'G5 / k|wfg kIfsf] lj?4 ;fj{ e f} d ;Qf u' d ] s f] 5 . o;n]
n8\gk' 5{ eGg'ePsf] lyof] . cfh k|wfg
cGt/lj/f]w bnfn k'h F Ljfb xf] / k|wfg
cv08tfk|lt klg r'gf}tL yk]sf] 5 .
b]z cGt/f{li6«o /fhgLltsf] s]Gb|df
kIf Pd;L;L kIfw/ xf] . kf6L{sf] an ws]lnPsf] 5 . o:tf] a]nf ;a}
/ hgtfsf] an ;+of]hg cyjf b]zeQmsf] g]tT[ j ug{ ;Sg] km/flsnf]
cGt/3'ng gu/L qmflGt x'Fb}g . sfo{gLlt cfjZos 5 . /fli6«o d'lQm
k| o f] u sf] sfo{ l bzfn] hgtfnfO{ cfGbf]ngsf] g]t[Tj ug{ ;Sg] ;femf
…kf6L{sf] anÚ;Fu hf]8\g ;S5 . s]kL j}wflgs df]rf{ vf]Ng ;lsPg eg] b]zn]
jnLn] ;+ ; b eË ubf{ xfdLn]
k|ultzLn ;+o'Qm ;/sf/sf] gf/f
g]kfnL cg'xf/sf] tflnjfgsf] vf]hL
ug{ ;S5 .
k|:tfj u/]sf lyof}+ . !) cf}+ k"0f{ ;f/f+z /fli6«otfsf] hudf gofF
a}7s, !! cf}+ k"0f{ a}7s, lrtjgsf] w'j| Ls/0f ug{ ;Sg'k5{ . To;f] ul/of]
k|lzIf0fdf klg sfo{gLlt kl/jt{gsf] eg] sfo{lbzf cg's"n x'G5 . ;a}
;Í] t ul/Ps} lyof] . of] s' g } b]zeQm / k|ultzLn zlQmx¿ c6\g]
cfsl:ds 36gf xf]Og . lg/Gt/tf km/flsnf] df]rf{ aGg] ;Defjgf k}bf
/ pRrtfnfO{ a'‰g g;Sg] Go"g r]tgf ePsf] 5 . lgjf{rg k|of]usf] qmddf
-n] Dofg dgf]jl[ Q_ xf] . csf]l{ t/ eF8j' f klg Pd;L;L lj?4 cfGbf]ngnfO{ hf]8
dgf]jl[ Q klg o;};uF 3fnd]n eP/ lbg'k5{ / To;f] ul/g]5 . To;/L ;‹if{
cfPsf] 5 . eF8'jf k|j[lQnfO{ ult leq / aflx/ b'j}lt/af6 ul/g]5 .
ca¿å u/]/ qmflGtsf/L k|j[lQsf] To;df aflx/ jf ;8ssf] df]rf{ d'Vo
;xof]uL agfpg'k5{ / n]d]gnfO{ x' g ] 5 . alx:sf/sf] wf/0ff
ljsl;t–bLlIft ug{ ' k 5{ . OdfGbf/Lk" j { s p7fpg] k| j [ l Q
cj;/jfbnfO{ lgif]w ubf{ Pslqt qmflGtsf/L k|j[lQ g} xf] t/ o;n]
eP/ n8\g cfpF5 . To;}n] lgif]w ug{' 3]/f ;fF3/' f] agfpF5 . To;}u/L pkof]u
plrt x'Fb}g . sfo{gLltsf] ;Gbe{df jf k|of]usf] sfo{gLltn] ;'wf/jfbsf]
n]lggn] …s] ug]{ <Ú / …jfdkGyL vt/f a9fpF5 t/ 3]/f km/flsnf]
sDo'lg:6, Ps afn/f]uÚ b'Oj{ 6f /rgf kf5{ . r'gf}tLsf] ;fdgf ug{k' 5{ . oxfF
ug{'ePsf] 5 . To;sf] ;f/tTj …7f]; h'g;'s} sfo{gLlt lnPklg Pp6f tKsf
kl/l:yltsf] 7f]; ljZn]if0fÚ g} xf] . lrlGtt eO/xG5 t/ kl/0ffd x]/]/
To;} n ] ;+ ; bLo lgjf{ r gaf6 g} pgLx? kmls{G5g\\ . kmsf{pg, v'zL kfg{
;dfhjfb NofpF5f}+, ;d[l4 lbG5f}+, ;lsG5 . o'4k|;fb ld>sf] sljtf 5–
b]zsf] /Iff ubf{ / /fli6«o k'FhLsf] …uP egL ;lDemPsf kmsL{kmsL{ cfpF5g\\
ljsf; u5f}+ elgof] eg] Tof] ;+zf]wgjfb d/] egL ;lDemPsf h'¿h'¿ p7\5g\\ .Ú
g]skflj?4sf] b'ik|rf/ lgGbgLo
g]tf – sfo{stf{nfO{ ;r]t /xg cfu|x
sf7df8f}F . g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{n] ;f] kf6L{lj?4 ljleGg ;+rf/ dfWod /
;fdflhs ;+hfndf b'ik|rf/ ul/Psf] eGb} s8f cfklQ hgfPsf] 5 . ;f] kf6L{n]
cf;Gg :yfgLo lgjf{rg k|of]usf] sfo{gLlt lnPkl5 cQflnPsf b]zL–ljb]zL
bnfn / k|ltlqmofjfbL em'08x?n] g]skfdfly ;'lgof]lht 9+un] b'ik|rf/ cufl8
a9fO/x]sf] Ps g]tfn] 7f]sj' f u/] . pgn] eg] – …;'b/" klZrddf xfd|f] kf6L{n]
:yfgLo :t/df u/]sf] 5nkmn / /fhgLlts ultljlwnfO{ tf]8d/f]8 u/]/ h'g
b'ik|rf/ ul/Psf] 5, Tof] cfkm}dF f lgGbgLo, 3[l0ft / cfklQhgs 5 .Æ
pgn] :yfgLo :t/df kf6L{n] u/]sf] e]63f6 / ultljlwnfO{ hf]8]/ ;du|
/fli6«o /fhgLltnfO{ g} t/+lut ug]{ u/L h'g b'ik|rf/ ul/Psf] 5, Tof] cfkm}Fdf
lgGbgLo, 3[l0ft / cfklQhgs 5 eGb} kf6L{sf] cfdg]tf –sfo{stf{nfO{ b]zL
– ljb]zL bnfnsf] o:tf] :ofn x'Oofdf ljZjf; gug{ cfu|x u/] . o:tf
b'ik|rf/ lrb}{ kf6L{sf] e]63f6 / ultljlw hf/L /xg] ;d]t atfP .
 4 @)&* ;fn r}t @& ut] cfOtaf/

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j:t' tyf ;fdfgx?, h'QfrKkn, 5ftf
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a}s
+ x?n] s] s]sf] gvf]Ng] eg]/ v'nfPsf
5}gg\ . pgLx?n] dflh{g nfu]sf j:t'sf]
gvf]Ng eg]sf 5g\\ . s]xL a}s + n] clxn]
s'g} klg k|lttkq gvf]Ng klg eg]sf
ax'dN" o 9'u+ f, ax'dN" o wft', rDrf, 38L
tyf leQ]38L, tGgf, s';g / PlG6s
;fdfgsf] klg a}s + n] Pn;L vf]Nb}gg\ .
l8hfOg uf8L, df]k]8, ;fOsn /
cfjZos kg]{ df]6/ cfoft klg a}s +
ug]{ 5}gg\ . a}s
+ x?n] ca uf8L tyf
o;df nfUg] OlSjkd]G6, d]l;g/L tyf
kf6{kh
' f{, wfg, rfdn, ;'g, /]l8d]8
sk8f, ljB'tLo pks/0f, sk8fhGo
j:t', rfFbL, wfuf] nufotsf] klg
cfoftsf nflu Pn;L gv'Ng] ePsf]
a}s
+ ndf nufgLof]Uo /sd a9\b} hfg]
b]lvPsf] 5 . gofF Pn;L gvf]lnP kl5
Jofkf/sf] k};f a}l+ sª Rofgndf cfpg]
b]lvG5 . ahf/af6 p7\g'kg]{ /sd
pl7xfN5 . Tof] k};fn] Pn;L vf]Ng gkfP
kl5 Jofkf/Ln] a}s + df jf ;]o/ ahf/df
nufgL ug]{ ;Defjgf b]lvG5 . clxn]
w]/} j:t'sf] cfoft /f]lsPsf] 5 . t/,
b]zleq Jofkf/Ln] pwf/f]df ;fdfg lbPsf
x'G5g\,\ To;sf] e'QmfgL lbglbg} x'G5 .
ljutdf To;/L p7]sf] k};f Pn;L
vf]Ngdf vr{ x'GYof] eg] clxn] Pn;L
aGb u/] kl5 pQm /sd a}l+ su Rofgn
jf ;] o / ahf/df cfpg] 7" n f
nufgLstf{x? atfpF5g\\ .
/fi6« a}s+ n] ljb]zL d'bf| sf] ;l~rlt
hf]ufpg Pn;L vf]Ng aGb u/]sf] 5 .
t/, b]zleq p7]sf] /sd ;]o/ ahf/df
nufgL x'g] ;Defjgf /x]sf] 7"nf
nufgLstf{sf] ts{ 5 . pgLx?sf
cg';f/ lbgd} ( b]lv !) ca{ ?k}ofF
p7\g ;S5 . clxn] ahf/df 8]9 va{
pwf/f] ePsf] cg'dfg 5 . To;sf] 8]9
k|ltzt dfq} pwf/f] p7\bf klg !)
ca{dfly p7\5 . pQm /sd a}s + df /fv]/
Aofh vfg] jf ;]o/df nufgL ug]{
;Defjgf 5 . a}s + d} pQm /sd /flvof]
eg] klg a}s + df nufgLof]Uo /sd
pknAw x'G5 . a}s + df nufgLof]Uo /sd
pknAw x'g' eg]sf] ;]o/ ahf/nfO{
;sf/fTds ;Gb]z k|jfx x'g' xf] .
g]kfnsf] cfly{s j[l4 #=(
k|ltztn] j[l4 x'g] k|If]k0f Û
sf7df8f}F . Pl;ofnL ljsf; a}s + -Pl8aL_ n] Pl;ofnL ljsf; cfp6n's
-P8Lcf]_ @)@@ ;fj{hlgs ub}{ g]kfnsf] cy{tGq #=( k|ltztn] j[l4 x'g]
k|If]k0f ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)@! df g]kfnsf] cfly{s j[l4
@=# k|ltztn] a[l4 x'g] cg'dfg ul/Psf] lyof] . sf]/f]gf efO/; dxfdf/Lsf]
;+qmd0fnfO{ lgoGq0f ug{sf] nflu rln/x]sf] vf]k cleofgn] cfly{s ljsf;df
qmlds ;fdfGoLs/0f x'Fbf ut jif{sf] eGbf ;'wf/ x'g] ck]Iff ul/Psf] 5 .
oBlk, o'qm]gdf ?;L cfqmd0fn] ;':tfPsf] cfly{s ultljlw, cj?4 Jofkf/
k|jfx / t]n tyf cGo j:t'sf] pRr d"Non] d'bf| :kmLltnfO{ wSsf lbg] ck]Iff
ul/Psf] 5 . h;n] ubf{ g]kfnsf] e'QmfgL ;Gt'ng / ljb]zL d'b|f ;l~rltdf
yk bafa kg{ ;S5, g]kfnsf nflu P8LaLsf b]zLo lgb]{zs cgf{p8
sfprf]O;n] eg] .
;g\ @)@! df s[lifdf /fd|f] j[l4 x'g] ck]Iff ul/Psf]df ck|Toflzt jiff{ /
af9Ln] cGgjfnLdf Iflt k'¥ofPsfn] o; cfly{s jif{ wfg pTkfbgdf sl/a (
k|ltztn] 36]sf] pNn]v u/]sf] 5 . pkef]Qmf / nufgLsf] a9\bf] dfusf]
cfwf/df cfly{s jif{ @)@@ df pBf]usf] j[l4 $=! k|ltzt tyf ;]jf If]qsf]
j[l4 %=@ k|ltzt k'Ug] k|If]k0f Pl8aLsf] 5 . o'qm]gdf ¿;L cfqmd0fsf sf/0f
k]6f« l] nod / sdf]l86Lsf] d"Nodf xfn}sf] j[l4n] d'bf| :kmLltsf] bafa yk]sf] 5 .
a9]sf] cfoft j[l4, Go"g lgof{t cfwf/ / >ldssf] /]ld6\ofG;df sdLsf sf/0f
rfn' vftf 3f6f cfly{s jif{ @)@! df s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbg -hL8LkL_ sf] *=)
k|ltztaf6 cfly{s jif{ @)@@ df yk a9]/ (=& k|ltzt x'g] ck]Iff ul/Psf]
5 . sf]le8sf sf/0f ;g @)@! df cGt/f{li6«o ko{6g pbf;Lg /x]klg rfn'
cfly{s jif{df ;'wf/ x'g] ck]Iff ul/Psf] 5 . h;n] ubf{ ;g @)@# cfly{s j[l4
% k|ltzt k'Ug] cg'dfg Pl8aLsf] 5 . sf]le8 !( lj?4sf] vf]kn] cfly{s
ultljlwx¿nfO{ qmdzM a9\b} uPsfn] cfly{s jif{ @)@# sf] nflu % k|ltztsf]
cfly{s j[l4sf] kl/sNkgf ul/Psf] Pl8aLsf] egfO{ 5 .
To:t} Pl8aLn] ;g @)@@ df d'b|f:kmLlt cf}iftdf ^=% k|ltzt /xg]
pNn]v u/]sf] 5 . /fd|f] km;n, ;xh cfk"lt{ z[+vnf ljt/0f, ck]Iffs[t sd
t]nsf] d"No, / ef/tsf] d'b|f:kmLltdf ;fdfGo lu/fj6nfO{ k|ltlalDat ub}{,
;g\ @)@# df d'bf| :kmLlt ^=@ k|ltztdf 36\g] k|If]k0f ul/Psf] 5 . df}lb|s
gLlt sd lj:tf/sf/L x'g], sf]le8–!( ;DaGwL cfoftdf pNn]Vo sdL

g]kfn /fi6« a}s+ åf/f cy{dGqL zdf{nfO{ !% a'b“ ] ;'emfj

sf7df8f}F . g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn] cy{dGqL hgfb{g &= cTofjZosafx]ssf Jofkf/Lsf j:t'sf] cfoftdf s'g}
Jofkf/Ln] pwf/f]sf] ?kdf 7"nf] /sd
ahf/df ˆofn]sf 5g\\ . ;fdfg cfpg]
d'xfg aGb eP klg w]/–yf]/ ?kdf /sd
p7\5 . p7]sf] /sddWo] ^) k|ltzt
cfpg] / hnljB't pTkfbgdf ePsf] j[l4n] hLjfZdf OGwg vktdf ;xhtf
Nofpg] ePsfn] rfn' vftf 3f6f cfly{s jif{ @)@# df s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbgsf]
^=! k|ltztdf x'g] cf+sng a}+ssf] 5 .
zdf{nfO{ !% a'Fb] ;'emfj lbPsf] 5 . a}+ssf ueg{/ klg k|sf/sf] shf{ k|jfx gul/g] Joj:yf nfu" ug]{ .
dxfk|;fb clwsf/Ln] cy{tGq hf]ufpg eGb} cy{dGqL *= pRr d"Nosf 6]lnlehg, df]afOn ;]6, dlb/f
;]o/ ahf/d} nufgLsf] ?kdf hfg]
b]lvG5 . sltko Jofkf/Ln] a}s + n] dxFuf]
l;jfO{;L g]kfnsf] cfO{kLcf] j}zfv @ ut]bl] v
hgfb{g zdf{nfO{ !% a'Fb] ;'emfj lbPsf x'g\ . h'g o; nufotsf ljnfl;tfsf ;fdfgsf] cfoftnfO{ eG;f/ Aofhb/df lgIf]k ;+sng u/]sfn] sf7df8f}F . l;jfO{;L g]kfn n3'ljQ ljQLo ;+:yf lnld6]8n] k|f/lDes
k|sf/ /x]sf] 5 – tyf s/sf dfWodaf6 lgoGq0f ug]{ . Totflt/ /fVg ;S5g\\ . a}s + df /fv]sf] ;fj{hlgs lgisfzg -cfO{kLcf]_ hf/L ug]{ ePsf] 5 . l;jfO{;Ln] cfufdL
!= sf7df8f}F pkTosfnufot b]zsf k|dv ' zx/x¿df (= ;'kf/L, 5f]s8f, d/Lr, s]/fp, kf]:tbfgf h:tf :yfgLo /sd klg sxL g sxL nufgLs} ?kdf j}zfv @ ut] z'qmaf/b]lv sl/a $ s/f]8 ?k}ofF a/fa/sf] k|f/lDes ;fj{hlgs
lghL ;jf/L ;fwgdf hf]/ljhf]/ k|0ffnL nfu" ug{k' g]{ . ?kdf pNn]vgLo pkef]u gx'g] lsl;dsf pkef]Uo aflx/ cfpF5 . To;afx]s b}lgs 5 ca{ lgisfzg -cfO{kLcf]_ hf/L ug]{ ePsf] xf] . sDkgLn] k|lt;]o/ c+lst d"No
@= sf7df8f}F pkTosfleqsf ;a} ;jf/L Pjd\ ;fj{hlgs j:t'df lgoGq0f ug]{ . ?k}ofF ;]o/ ahf/d} kmls{g ;Sg] b]lvG5 . !)) ?k}ofF b/sf # s/f]8 (% nfv ## xhf/, ^)) ?k}ofF a/fa/sf] # nfv
lgsfox¿df xKtfsf] % lbg sfof{no ;do ! 306f !)= g]kfn e|d0f ug{ rfxg] ko{6snfO{ le;f tyf gjLs/0f uf8L, On]S6«fl] gS; cfO6d, s:d]l6s (% xhf/ ##^ lsQf ;]o/sf] laqmL v'nf ug]{ ePsf] xf] . s'n lgisflzt ;]o/
yk u/L zlgjf/ / cfOtaf/ labf lbg . z'Ns, k|jz] z'Ns, /f]oN6L h:tf e'QmfgL tyf ;]jfx¿ ;fdfg, nQfsk8f, lrgL, rsn]6b]lv -# nfv (% xhf/ ##^ lsQf_ dWo] hf/L k'FhLsf] )=% k|ltzt cyf{t ^
#= lghL ;jf/L ;fwgx¿ -rf/ kfª\ u | ] tyf tTsfn} cgnfOg dfWodaf6 ;xh ?kdf pknAw Njfª, ldg/n jf6/, dlb/f, e]gu] /, xhf/ *@ lsQf sd{rf/Lx?sf nflu / % k|ltzt cyf{t\ !( xhf/ &^^
df]6/;fOsnsf] cfoftdf eG;f/ nufotsf s/ x'g] Joj:yf ldnfpg] . r'/f]6, ;"lt{hGo j:t', k/ˆo"d, sf7sf lsQf ;fd"lxs nufgL sf]ifx?nfO{ ;'/lIft ul/Psf] 5 . afFsL /x]sf] # nfv
yk ug]{ / gub dflh{gsf] dfWodaf6 cfoft !!= ljutdf :ylut ul/Psf g]kfn e|d0f jif{sf j:t' tyf ;fdfgx?, h'QfrKkn, 5ftf ^( xhf/ $** lsQf ;]o/sf nflu ;j{;fwf/0fn] cfj]bg lbg ;Sg]5g\\ .
lg?T;flxt ug]{ . ;fy} a}+s shf{sf] xfnsf] sfo{qmdx¿nfO{ cfufdL jif{sf] nflu 3f]if0ff u/L / n¶Lsf ;fy} dfa{n, l;d]G6, Knf:6/, n3'ljQsf] cfO{kLcf]df j}zfv ^ ut] d+unaf/;Dd cfj]bg lbg ;lsg]5 .
;Ldf 36fpg] . ljBdfg cj:yfdf ;' w f/ ;~rfngdf Nofpg] . skfnsf] lqmd tyf :ofDk', sf7, sf7sf] nufgLstf{n] Go"gtd !) lsQfb]lv ! xhf/ lsQf;Ddsf nflu cfj]bg lbg
geP;Ddsf nflu slDtdf klg @)&( cfiff9 !@= x'08Lnufot ljb]zL ljlgdo ckrng;DaGwL sf/f]af/sf] sf]Onf / kmlg{r/, h'QfrKkn / a'6, ;Sg]5g\\ . cfO{kLcf]df l;l8P; P08 lSol/Ë lnld6]8sf] d]/f];]o/ df]afOn
d;fGt;Dd lghL ;jf/L ;fwg cfoftdf k"0f{ k|efjsf/L ¿kdf cg'udg u/L To;df ;+nUg JolQm bfFtdf nufpg] tf/, sk8f a'Gg] s'?if, Pk tyf j]a;fO6 dfkm{t\ cfj]bg lbg ;lsg]5 . ;fy} lwtf]kq af]8a{ f6 l;–
?kdf /f]s nufpg] tyf ;+:yfnfO{ s8feGbf s8f b08 / ;hfo lbg] 5ftf, 6]Sg] nf}/f]bl] v lkmb/, 9'u+ fsf cf:jf ;b:otf k|fKt a}s + tyf ljQLo ;+:yf / ltgsf zfvf sfof{nox?dfkm{t\
$= g]kfn cfon lgudaf6 k]6f« l] nod kbfy{sf] s'n Joj:yf ug]{ . ;fy} Jofkf/df Go"g lahsLs/0f ug{ ;hfj6 ;fdu|L, l;d]G6, lrDgL efF8f], klg cfj]bg lbg ;lsg] n3'ljQsf] lwtf]kq lgisfzg tyf laqmL k|aGws
lan e'QmfgL dfl;s !@–!# ca{sf ;Ldf leq Jofkf/LnfO{ cg';Gwfgsf] bfo/df Nofpg] . af]tn, hf/, rfFbL, rfFbLn] s'lF bPsf Unf]an cfOPdO{ Soflk6n lnld6]8n] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 . xfn n3'ljQsf]
/xg] u/L cfk"lt{ Joj:yfkg ug]{ . !#= ljk|i] f0f k7fpg] / k|fKt ug]s
{ f] ;xhtfsf] nflu xKtfdf ;ft} ;fdu|L, kmlg{r/ / ;DalGwt j:t', r'Qmf k'FhL * s/f]8 @! nfv * xhf/ @$) ?k}ofF 5 . # s/f]8 (% nfv
%= ljB'tsf] 3/]n' pkof]u a9fpg dxz'n 36fpg] lbg @$ 306f ;xof]uL sIfsf] clgjfo{ Joj:yf ug]{ . v]nf}gf, v]ns'bsf ;fdu|L, df5f, ?k}ofF a/fa/sf] cfO{kLcf] afF8kmfF8kl5 r'Qmf k'FhL !@ s/f]8 !^ nfv $!
tyf 3/]n' ljB'tLo pks/0f -OG8S;g r'Nxf], !$= ljk|i] f0f k7fpFbf nfUg] ;]jf z'NsdWo] sDtLdf klg uFu6fnufot b'UwhGo kbfy{, k|fs[lts xhf/ *$) ?k}ofF k'Ug]5 . cfO{kLcf] lgisfzgsf nflu u/fPsf] qm]l86
lx6/, s's/_ cflbsf] vl/bdf cg'bfg k|bfg ug]{, %) k|ltzt z'Nsdf cg'bfgsf] Joj:yf u/L dx / c08f, af]6la?jf, t/sf/L tyf /]l6Ëdf s]o/ /]l6Ë; g]kfnn] n3'ljQnfO{ s]o/ PgkL 8an la dfOg;
PnkL Uof;df /x]sf] cg'bfg tTsfn vf/]h ug]{ . ljk|]ifssf] vftfdf tTsfn hDdf x'g] Joj:yf ug]{ . u]8fu'8L, ;'kf/L, s]/f / lrK;,5f]s8f, O:o"c/ /]l6Ë k|bfg u/]sf] 5 . of] /]l6Ë k|fKt ;+:yfn] ;dod} ljQLo bfloTj
^= k]6«f]lnod kbfy{sf] cfoftnfO{ cfufdL % jif{df !%= Ol08of g]kfn /]ld6\ofG;nfO{ lj:tf/ ug{ ef/t ;/sf/ dl/r, df;', clK6sn, d]l8sn tyf k"/f ug{ ;Sg] ;DaGwdf dWod hf]lvd /x]sf] ;+s]t ub{5 .
slDtdf @) k|ltzt sd ug]{ gLlt cjnDag
u/L ;fj{hlgs tyf lghL ljB'tLo ;jf/L ;fwgsf]
/ l/he{ a}+s ckm Ol08of;Fu yk ;xsfo{ u/L
ef/taf6 cfpg] cgf}krfl/s ljk|i] f0fnfO{ cf}krfl/s
;lh{sn OlSjkd]G6, skmL, lrof,
ufO{j:t'sf] bfgf, z/L/df bNg] nf];g,
!^ cf}+ cGt/f{li6«o cf}Bf]lus k|bz{gL h]7 !( b]lv
k|of]unfO{ k|fT] ;fxg ug]{ . dfWodaf6 Nofpg pRr txdf jftf{ ug]{ . n'ufw'g] kfp8/, lnlSj8sf ;fy} ;fa'g, sf7df8f}F . g]kfn 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u
o;df uf8Lb]lv ;'grfFbL;Dd k5{ . 5g\\ . a}s+ x?n] k/ˆo"d, d]scksf 5 . …clxn] cy{tGqdf s]xL ;d:ofx? Knfl:6s / Knfl:6shGo ;fdu|L, 5fnf dxf;+3n] !^ cf}+ cGt/f{li6«o cf}Bf]lus k|bz{gL
o;}u/L, /fi6« a}s + n] a}s
+ sf k|dv ' ;fdfg, skfnsf] lqmd tyf :ofDk', sf7, b]lvPsf] 5 . cflQg' kg]{ vfnsf] 7"n} tyf 5fnfhGo ;fdu|L, sfk]6{ / ˆnf]/df cfof] h gf ug] { ePsf] 5 . sf7df8f} F s f]
sfo{sf/L clws[tx?;Fu s]xL ;do sf7sf] sf]Onf / kmlg{r/, h'QfrKkn / ;d:of t xf]Og t/ ;fjwfgL ckgfpg' nufpg] cGo ;fdu|L, sk8f, df]tL, e[s6' Ld08kdf @)&( h]7 !( b]lv @# ;Dd …g]kfn
sl/a #)) j:t'sf] k|lttkq gvf]Ng a'6, bfFtdf nufpg] tf/, sk8f a'Gg] kg]{ a]nf ePsf] 5,Ú 8]k6' L ueg{/ ld>n] ax'dN" o 9'u+ f, ax'dN" o wft', rDrf, 38L !^ cf} cGt/f{li6«o cf}Bf]lus Jofkf/ d]nf tyf
eg]sf] 5 . a}s + x?n] …/fi6« a}s
+ n] lgb]z
{ g s'?if, 5ftf, 6]Sg] nf}/f]bl] v lkmb/;Ddsf] eg], …clxn] xfdLn] ;d:ofdf ;'wf/ tyf leQ]38L, tGgf, s';gsf] Pn;L 3/]n' pBf]u dxf]T;j–@)&(Ú x'g] dxf;+3n] hgfPsf]
hf/L u/f];\ eGg] cfzosf] egfO /fv] cfoftsf nflu a}s + n] k|lttkq vf]Ng] gx'Gh]nsf nflu cfoftdf s8fO ug{ v'Nb}gg\ . t/, tL ;fdfg pwf/f]sf] xf] . d]8 Og g]kfn cleofgsf] ¿kdf :jb]zL
klgÚ ToxfFsf clwsf/Lx?n]Ú lnlvt hf/L 5}gg\ . o;afx]s 9'u+ fsf ;hfj6 ;fdu|L, vf]hs ] f] xf] .Ú ?kdf ahf/df 5g\\ . To;af6 dfq} pTkfbgsf] k|jb{w\ g ug]{ p2]Zon] cfof]hgf ub}{
x'bF g} . s'g s'g j:t' /f]Sg] eGg] s'/f l;d]G6, lrDgL efF8f], af]tn, hf/, rfFbL, o;}aLr, /fi6« a}s + n] cTofjZos b}lgs !) ca{ ?k}ofF p7\g ;Sg] cfPsf] cGt/f{li6«o cf}Bf]lus Jofkf/ d]nf sf]/f]gf
dflh{g Joj:yf ul/Psf j:t'x? g} x'g\ rfFbLn] s'lF bPsf ;fdu|L, kmlg{r/ / afx]s cGo Pn;L vf]Ng aGb u/] kl5 b]lvPsf] Jofkf/Lx? atfpF5g\\ . dxfdf/Lsf] sf/0f ljut b'O{ jif{b]lv :ylut ePsf] lyof] .
eGg] k|ltlqmof lbPsf lyP . ;'?df /fi6« ;DalGwt j:t', v]nf}gf, v]ns'bsf

t]nsf] yf]kfyf]kf hf]ufcf}+

a}s + sf] a}s+ ;'kl/j]If0f ljefu k|dv ' ;fdu|Lsf ;fy} ;DalGwt j:t'sf] klg
b]js'df/ 9sfnn] uf8L, df]6/;fOsn, cfoft ca gx'g] ePsf] 5 . o;afx]s
;'gnufot ljnfl;tfsf j:t'sf] df5f, uFu6fnufot b'UwhGo kbfy{,
k|lttkq gvf]Ng eg]sf lyP . To;kl5 k|fs[lts dx / c08f, af]6la?jf,
pkl:yt a}s + /dWo]af6} …nufotdf s] t/sf/L tyf u]8fu'8L, ;'kf/L, s]/f /
s] k5{Ú eg]/ ;f]wk] l5 9sfnn]– tkfOFx? lrK;\, 5f]s8f, dl/r, df;', clK6sn,
cfkm}+ F ljrf/ ug{;' \ eg]/ hjfkm kmsf{Psf d]l8sn tyf ;lh{sn OlSjkd]G6sf] klg
lyP . ToxL aLrdf a}s + /n] g} …dflh{g a}s
ePsf j:t' gug]{ xf] t <Ú eg]/ ;f]ws ] f
+ n] Pn;L vf]Nb}gg\ .
a}s
+ n] skmL, lrof, ufO{j:t'sf] bfgf,
lyP . ToxL ljifodf ;a} ;xdt eP/ z/L/df bNg] nf];g, n'uf w'g] kfp8/,
OGwg vr{ 36fcf}+
/fi6« a}s
a}s
+ af6 kmls{Psf lyP . ca lnlSj8sf ;fy} ;fa'g, Knfl:6s /
+ x?n] lrgL, rsn]6b]lv Njfª, ldg/n Knfl:6shGo ;fdu|L, 5fnf tyf
g]kfn cfon lgud lnld6]8
jf6/, dlb/f, e]gu] /, r'/f]6, ;"lt{hGo 5fnfhGo ;fdu|L, sfk]6{ / ˆnf]/df kmf]g g+=+ $@^@(&), km\ofS; M $@^#$&!
j:t', k/ˆo"d, s:d]l6s ;fdfg, sf7sf nufpg] cGo ;fdu|L, sk8f, df]tL,
 @)&* ;fn r}t @& ut] cfOtaf/
g]kfnL gof“ hgjfbL Joj:yfsf] cy{gLlt
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hLjgdf tLgj6f rLhsf] clt g}
dxTj 5 – ljZjf;, cfzf / k|]d .
t/ logLx?dWo] k|d] g} dxfg dflgPsf]
5 . k]d | n] g} 3lgi6tf / lgs6stfdf
NofpbF5g\\ . zflGt tyf cfgGb
lbnfpg] sfd ub{5 . k|]d k|z:t
dfqfdf kfP/ dfq aRrfx? Jfo:s /
lhDd]bf/ aGg ;Sb5g\\ . k|d] geO{sg
h'g;'s} aRRff klg ejgfTds ?kn]
;dfh leq Go"g ?kdf dfq ljsl;t
eP/ a:g ;S5g\\ / Tolts} ?kdf
ljslzn ePsf klg 5g\\ . k|]ddf
8'Agsf lgldQm klg ;j{ky| d k]d | g}
rflxG5 . clg ha;Dd xfdL hLljt
/xG5f}, ta;Dd o;sf] cfjZostf
kl/g} /xG5 . s;}åf/f k|]d, dfof
ddtf kfpg' eg]sf] klg d'Vo ?kdf
xfd|f] k|s[lt xf], To;}n] xf]nf, cfˆgf]
hLjg ;fyLåf/f OR5f ul/g' jf dg
k/fpg' cyjf k| ] d ul/g' x/] s
JoflQmsf] cfsf+Iff leq g} k5{ .
dfgj hfltsf] cl:tTjdf s;}åf/f
ul/g] leqL OR5f n's]/ a;]sf] x'G5,
oxL OR5fk" l t{ cyjf cGt/Ë
;DaGwsf] kl/k"lt{sf lgldQ ljjfx
ug{] Joj:yf ul/Psf] xf] . o; sf/0f
kltkTgLnfO{ Ps ?k jf Ps /ysf
b'O{ kfªu|f elgPsf] xf] . o;sf] o:tf]
kbf{ klg nufpg vf]lhPsf] xf]Og,
pgLx?n] cfˆgf] JolQmut cl:tTj
g} u'dfpg' k5{ jf u'dfpF5g\\ . a?
pgLx?n] Pscsf{sf] hLjgsf] ulx/fO{
/ 3lgi7 ;DaGwåf/f cfGtl/s
;DaGwlt/ k|a]z u5{g\, pgLx?sf]
aLrdf cflTdotf a9] / hfG5 .
dflg;x?sf Jojxf/df k|]dsf] :yfg
clt g} dxTjk"0f{ 5 t/ o;sf cg]sf}F
cfofdx? 5g\\ . ltgLx?sf] AofVof 5'§}
5 . j} j flxs ;DaGw k| ] d /
cGt/cfTdfsf] ldngsf lgldQm g}
agfOPsf] xf], To;nfO{ a9fpg g} o:tf]
;DaGw ufFl;G5 . ljjfx g} Tof] 7fFp
xf], Tof] sfd xf] h'g 7Ffpdf -k|]d
dfof lk/tL_ sf] ufu| f ] n fO{ eg{
;lsG5 . hltv]/ k]|d b'a}tkm{ ;dfg
x'G5 ta ljjfxsf] k|:tfj /fVg ;'/
ug'{k5{ lsgeg] ;a} dflg;x?n] o;
s'/fnfO{ :jLsf/ u/]sf 5g\\, k|]ddf
8'Ag' g} /fd|f] / ;'vbfoL j}jflxs
hLjgsf cfjZos hu xf] . ljjfx
x'ge' Gbf klxn] xfd|f] ;kgfx? Jf}jflxs
hLjgsf] ;'v / cfgGbsf af/]df
x'G5g\\ . ha tkfO{ k|]ddf 8'Ag' x'G5
ta c? s'/fdf ljZjf; ug{ klg
ufx|f] x'G5 . To;}n] elgG5 k|]d cGwf]
x'G5 . olb s'g} JoflQm g} k|d] df 8'as
] f]
cg'ej JoQm u5{ eg] p;n] cfˆgf]
r/d l;df;Dd /f]dflGrt x'G5 .
ldng cfkmGt
xfdLx? efjfgfTds ?kn] Psn]
csf{]l;t olt w]/} k]|d u5f{} ls x/]s
;do Pscsf{sf] ljifodf ;f]lr/x]sf
x'G5f}F . xfdL hLjgel/ Ps csf{sf]
ufnfdf DjfO{ vfg yfN5f} clg c+ufnf]
dfg{ kfof}F eg] ljjfx / k/d cfgGbsf]
;kgf cem alnof eP/ hfG5 .
xfdL b'O{ bDklQsf nflu k]d | eGbf
7"nf] s'/f s]xL x'g ;Sb}g . xfdLx?
Pscsf{sf] ;'Gb/tf / cfsif{0fdf g}
cfj4 x'g]5f}F . of] ;do o:tf] o:tf]
x'G5, h:n] xfdLnfO{ k|d ] do hLjgsf]
;a}eGbf crDdsf] cg'ej ePsf]
k| l ts x' G 5 . xfdLn] k] | d sf]
jf:tljstf yfxf kfpg' kb{5 . Ps
dflg; k]|dsf] ;fy;fy} Jojxfl/s
aGb5, Toltv]/ OR5f cfsfFIffx?df
km/s cfpg yfN5 . t/, kltkTgLn]
;Demf}tf u/]/ cfˆgf] hLjgofqfnfO{
cufl8 a9fpg' kb{5 . hLjgdf kmf]6f]
Nofpg' x'bF g} . j}jflxs hLjgdf ;Rrf
k|d] Tolt a]nf dfq ;'? x'G5, hlta]nf
To;k|lt cfzlQmkgfn] dl/d]6\g]
sfdnfO{ TofUg ;lsG5 . To;kl5
;xh / oyfy{ cj:yfdf :yfoL k]d | 5}gf}F . bfdkTo hLjgdf xfdL ;a}n]
sfod x'g ;S5 . jf:tljs k|d] eg]sf]
Tof] k]|d xf] h'g ;f]rljrf/ u/]/, ts{
ljts{ u/] / 5flgPsf] ljsl;t
cj:yfdf x'G5 . OlGb|osf] cfjZostf
k"/f ug{} lqmof t af;gf dfq xf] .
xfdL ;a}n] o:tf] efjgfsf] ljsf;
ug{ ;Sg' k5{ . ædnfO{ dfof lbg
tyf ug{ s;}sf] cfjZostf 5 .
dnfO{ p;n] 5fgf];,\ k|d] ug{sf lgldQ
To:tf] s'g} /fd|f] u'0f b]vf];\ clg dfq
;xL k|]d x'g / ug{ ;lsG5 .Æ k]|dsf
lgldQ cg]sf}F k|of; / cg'zf;gsf]
;d]t cfjZostf k5{ . of] t cfˆgf]
OR5fåf/f cfk"mn] rfxgf u/]sf] JolQmn]
;d] t kmfObf lng ;sf] ; \ eGg]
x'g'kb{5 . o:tf] vfnsf] k|]dåf/f
cfk"mn] rfx]sf] JoflQmsf] hLjg klg
v';L ;d[l4zfnL x'G5 eGg] s'/fnfO{
k'li6 ug{] vfnsf] x'G5 . k|d] df 8'aN' sL
dfg{] cj:yfdf k]l| d k]l| dsf] u'0fnfO{
klg dxTj lbg'kb{5 . ?kdf dfq 8'a/]
k|]d ug{' x'Fb}g . cfˆgf] dfG5]sf] afgL
Joxf]/f, a'l4, OR5f, Kf|lti7f ;a}sf]
Wofg lbg' kb{5 . cfj]z / xtf/df
cfP/ ul/Psf s'g} klg sfd nfdf]
;do;Dd rNg ;Sb}g . To;df klg
k|]d t cj:yfcg';f/ clt sf]dn
x'G5 . j}jflxs hLjgdf jf:tljs
k|]dsf] cToGt} dxTj 5 .
h;sf] hLjg;fyLsf] efjgfTds
k|]dsf] ufu|f] el/Psf] x'G5, p;}sf]
k|]dsf] ;'/Iffsf] cg'ej ug{ ;S5 .
To;af6 g} ;Dk"0f{ ;+;f/ /ª\uLg b]lvg
yfN5, htf;' s } pHofnf] b] l vg
yfN5 . v';LofnL pTkGg x'g yfN5
clg kl5 cfˆgf] hLjgsf]] v';LofnLsf]
prfO;Dd ;hLn} k' U g ;S5 .
dflg;n] ug{] k]|d eg]sf] :jR5
dgf]ejgf / /fd|f] Jojxf/åf/f g} ug{
;S5 . dflg; 9'+ufnfO{ b]jtf dfGg
;S5 eg] Ps dfgjn] csf{] dfgjnfO{
k|d ] ug{ lsg ;Sb}g < t/, dfgjn]
dfgj aGg ;Sg'k5{, bfgj xf]Og .
x'g t k|d ] df 8'as ] f] cg'ej clt g}
/f]DffGrs x'G5 t/ Tof] yf]/} ;dosf
nflu cfTds]lGb|t x'G5 . h'g k|]dn]
tkfO{+sf] hLjg ;fyLsf] efjgfTds
cj:yf k|d ] df ;fFrf] ?kn] of]ubfg
lbG5, Tof] ts,{ OR5f / cg'zf;gdf
cfwfl/t x'G5 . o;}u/L g} k|]ddf
kl/jt{g / k"0f{tfsf] ;Defjgf /x]sf]
x'G5 . kltkTgLn] j}jflxs hLjgdf
k|d ] do jftfj/0f Nofpg Pscsf{sf]
tfl/km ug{ kl5 kg{' x'bF g} , lgoldt
?kdf ul/Psf] k|of]un]] j}jflxs
hLjgdf pRRf :t/df p7fpg
;lsG5 . kltb]jn] s'g} /fd|f] sfd
ug{e ' of] eg] To;sf] k|z; + f ug{ kTgL
kl5 kg'{ x'bF g} eg] KfTgLsf] ?ksf]
;d]t kltn] v'n/] } tfl/km ug{' kb{5 .
tj dfq j}jflxs hLjg ;kmntfsf]
uf]/6] f]df cufl8 a9\g ;Sb5 . cfˆgf]
hLjg;fyLsf] nflu pT;fxj4{s of
k|/] 0ff lbg] vfnsf zAbx? Kf|of]u ug{'
kb{5 . pT;fxsf] cy{ xf]– ;fx;
lbnfpg', xf};nf lbg' . xfdL ;a} hgfn]
s'g} g s'g} 7fpFdf c;'/Iffsf] cg'ej
u5f{}, xfdLdf ;fx;sf] sdL x'G5,
o;}sf] sdLsf] sf/0f hlt;'s} /fd|f]
sfd ug{ rfx] klg ug{ ;Sb}gf}F .
tkfO{ + s f] hLjg;fyLsf] leq
cGt/cfTdfdf n'ss ] f] of]Uotf, Ifdtf
Tolta]nf dfq b]lvg ;S5g\\, ta
tkfO{n] pT;fx a[l4 ug{] vfnsf
zAbx?sf] k| o f] u u/] / pl;t
a]fNg'xG' 5, ta p;df /x]sf] c;'/Iffsf]
efjgf ;dfKt eP/ hfG5 . tkfO{+sf
pT;fxk" 0 f{ zAbn] tkfO{ + s }
hLjg;fyLsf] nflu hLjgsf] klxnf]
sbd rfNgsf nflu cfjZos /
;fxl;nf] k|]/0ff lbg ;S5 .
k|d
] df uNtLx?sf lx;fa–lstfa
/flvg' x'Gg . k|d ] df ljlt;s]sf ;do
/ sfdsf] c;kmntfsf] klg s'g} dxTj
/xFb}g, o;sf] n]vfhf]vf ul/Fb}g .
xfdLx?dWo] sf]xL klg cfbz{jfg
;a} sfd 7Ls u5f}{ eGg] x'Fb}g .
xfdLdWo] sltn] sof}+ k6s cfˆgf]
hLjg;fyLnfO{ efjgfTds rf] 6
k'¥ofPsf 5f}F . h]xf];\ xfdLn] clttnfO{
abNg ;Sb}gf}F t/ cfˆgf uNtLx?nfO{
eg] ;xh} :jLsf/ ug{ / ;Rofpg
;S5f} . hltv]/ s'g} uNtL u5f}{+
Toltv]/ ;Rrf Åbon] dfkmL dfUof}F
eg] t xfdLl;t Gofodf dfkmLsf]
ljsNk /xFb}g . olb xfdLn] Ps
csf{kl| t cGt/Ë ;DaGwdf, cfTdLotf
agfOPsf] xf] eg] xfdLn] Pscsf{sf]
OR5f, efjgf hfGg cfjZos x'G5 .
olb xfdLn] cfk;df k|d ] ug{ rfxG5f}F
eg] cfˆgf] k]d| L jf k]d| Lsfn] s] rfx]sf]
5 eGg] s'/f a'em\g'k5{ . cfˆgf]
hLjg;fyLsf] efjgf a'em]/ sfd u/]
dfq j}jflxs hLjg ;kmn x'gd ] f s'g}
z+sf 5}g . xfdLn] lxhf]sf lbgx?sf]
c;kmntfaf6 d'Qm eP/ jt{dfgsf]
lbgx?df cfGfGbn] afFRgsf lgldQ
k|lt1f ug{ ;S5f} . dfkmL lbg'eg]sf]
k|d] sf] cleJolQm xf] . uNtLsf] abnfdf
d ltdLnfO{ dfof u5{' d}n] ltd|f] Vofn
/fv]sf] 5', d}n] ljl;{Psf] 5}g, To;}n]
ltdLnfO{ dfkm ug{] ;f]rfO{ agfPsf]
5' . ltdL d]/f] hLjg;fyL xf}+, To;}n]
xfdL b'O{hgf ldn]/ Ps} ;fy lxF8f}F,
Ps} ;fydf a;f}+ .Æ h:tf zAbx?
bofn' efjfgfdf eg{df Pscsf{sf]
k|]dnfO{ ;lha agfpFb5g\\ .
k|]dn] cfu|x u5{ dfu ub{}g .
ljjflxt hf] 8 Ln] cfTdLotfnO{
ljsl;t ug{] xf] eg] t Psn] csf{sf]
OR5f hfGg cfjZos x'G5 . To;}u/L
Pscsf{k] l| t k|d ] ug{ rfxG5g\\ eg] t
cfˆgf];fd' /x]sf] JolQm jf dg k/fPsf]
JolQmn] s] s'/f rfx]sf] 5, Tof] s'/f
a'em\g' kb{5 . ha tkfO{+n] cfˆgf]
hLjg;fyLl;t cfu|x ug{'x'G5, ta
tkfO{ n ] p;sf] of] U otf /
cf/If0f ;+ j fb Û
:jfledfgLnfO{ ;sf/fTds ;dy{g lbg'
x'G5 . pl;t klg Ifdtf 5, p;n]
ltdLn] eGof}–
an/fd ltldlN;gf
cof]Uox¿nfO{ of]Uo sfd lbg]
s]xL ug{ ;S5 eGg] efjgf bzf{pg'
x'G5 eg] tkfO{sf nflu cy{k0" f{ tyf of] cf/If0f eGg] s'/f vf/]h xf]; Û
dxTjk"0f{ x'G5 . Psn] csf{] JoflQmnfO{ d]/f] klg eGg' 5 –
ul/Psf] cfu|xdf 5gf]6 ug{ kfpg] ;a}eGbf a9L cf/If0fsf] pkof]u
tTj n's]sf] x'G5 . tkfO{sf] ;fyLn] dfq ltdLn] ul//x]sf 5f}
Tof] cfu|xnfO{ :jLsf/ ug{ klg ;S5g\,\ ltdL ;f]wf}nf, s;/L <
lsgeg] k|]dsf] cy{g} 5gf]6 ug{' xf] . n ;'g d eG5' –
h'g;'s} k|]dL / k|]dLsfsf] aLrdf k|foM dlGb/sf] k"hf/L s'g hftsf] 5 <
cfk;L ljZjf; / ;xdtLsf sf/0fn] ;+:s[t ljBfkL7sf k|frfo{ s'g hftsf 5g\ k|frfo{ / lzIfs dfq xf]Og
g} k|]d lbuf] x'G5g\\ .
k|rlnt c+uh ]| L plQm 5 hLjgdf
ljBfyL{ klg s'g hftsf 5g\ <
;kmntf k|fKt ug{] Pp6f l;4fGt 5, ;'g, cem} ;'g –
Tof] xf] –k|d] ug{ l;Sg' . k]d | nfO{ lbuf] of] b]zdf b'O{ ;o krf; jif{
agfpg] xf] eGf] kltkTgL Ps} ;fydf lsg Pp6} hftsf] /fhf eof] <
a;] / ;do Joltt ug{ ' kb{ 5 . cem lsg Pp6} j+zsf] eof] <
kltkTgL zfGt jftfj/0fdf cfgGb cem lsg 5f]/f] dfq} eof] <
a;]/, lbgdf s]xL ;do dfq eP cem lsg h]7f] dfq} eof] <
klg cfˆgf dgf] e fj JoQm ug{
;Sg'k5{, To:tf] k|ltj4 ;do g} k|d] sf]
s] of] cf/If0f lyPg <
cem} ;'G5f} < nf} ;'g –
;"q leq k5{ . kltkTgL ;f]kmfdf a;]/
l6=eL= x]g'{eGbf To;nfO{ aGb u/]/
b'O{ ;o krf; jif{bl] v
Psn] csf{n ] fO{ x]g,]{ Ps cfk;df s'/f lsg s'g} k|wfgdGqL Ps} hftsf eP <
ug{] -rfx] cfˆgf dgf]efj x'g jf lsg k|wfg ;]gfklt Ps} hftsf eP <
3/fozL / Jojxfl/s x'g_ ug{k' b{5 . d'Vo ;lrj, k|wfgGofofwLz
o;sf] cy{ of] klg xf] ls Ps} ;fydf lsg vf; hftsf dfq} eP <
ldn]/ 3'D' g hfg' jf s'g} /]i6'/0] 6 cyjf km]l/ ;'g –
xf] 6 ndf vfgf vfg hfg' clg ltdLn] nufpg] sk8f l;nfpg]
cfdg];fdg] -d'vfd'v_ eP/ s'/f lsg bdfO{ dfq} eof] <
ug{' . k|ltj4 ;dosf] d'Vo p2]Zo ltdLn] nufpg] h'Qf l;nfpg]
xf], ;Fu;Fu} a:g' PsTjkg d]/f] cy{df
eg] lgs6tf dfq xf]Og . Ps} ;fydf lsg ;fsL{ dfq} eof] <
a:g'sf] cy{ xf], Pscsf{l;t s]lGb|t ltd|f] 3/sf] xFl;of chf{Kg]
/x]sf] Psfu|tf . xfdLn] Ps} ;fydf lsg sfdL dfq} eof]
a;]/ Ps} vfn] ;f]r ljrf/ tyf ltd|f] cfFugsf] l;gf] kmfNg]
;dfgtfsf] cfwf/df hLjg rnfpg' lsg rdf/ dfq} eof]
clg hLjg;fyLk|lt Psfu| ?kdf Wofg xhf/f}+ jif{bl] v
lbg'kb{5 . s'g} ;dfg ultljlwdf k9\g] / k9fpg] PSnf] 7]sb] f/
;do ljtfpg' jf /fd|f] s'/fsf] k|bz{g lsg a|fDx0f dfq} eof] <
ug{' eg]sf] Psn] csf{k] l| t Wofg lbg'
xf] . lsgls xfdLx? Pscsf{]l;t
cf] cf/If0fsf lj/f]wL dxf]bo
ldn] / sfd ug{ dg k/fpF 5 f} . eft ksfpg] efF8f df‰g]
j}jflxs hLjgnfO{ k|d ] do agfpg ltd|f] j}jflxs gf]s/ aGg] sfd
kltklTgn] af]nLrfnLdf klg Wofg lsg cfOdfO{sf] dfq} eof] <
lbg'kb{5 . ;xfg'e"lt k"0f{ jftf{nfk latf{ alS;; kfpg] clwsf/
h;df b'O{hgfn] cfˆgf] cg'ej, lsg ltd|f] dfq} eof] <
ljrf/, efjgf / OR5f ldqtf k"0f{ ltdLn] sJhf hdfPsf :yfgx¿df
k[i7e"lddf cfbfgk|bfg ug{;S5g\\ . lsg /f]lsof] xfdLnfO{
o; ljifodf kltkTgL rgfvf] v'Nnf k|lt:kwf{ ug{ <
x' g ' k b{ 5 . k| l ta4 s' / fsfgLdf
;xfg'e"ltk"j{s s'/f ;'GGf' dfq xf]Og,
lj1fgsf] s'g zfvfn] eg]sf] 5 –
Tolt g} dfqfdf af]Ngklg cfjZos vf; hftsf dfG5]
x'G5 . ljåfg\ x'G5g\
pkxf/ k|d ] / ljjfxsf] cleGg vf; hftsf dfG5]
c+u xf] . ;a}vfn] ;+:s[ltdf pkxf/ axfb'/ x'G5g\
lbg' eg]sf] k|d ] / ljjfxsf] k|lqmofdf / vf; hftsfx¿
Pp6f c6'6 c+u g} dflgG5 . pkxf/ hGdb} cof]Uo x'G5g\ <
lbg' / lng' k|d ] sf] cleJolQm klg cf] hGdhft of]Uo dxf;o
xf] . pkxf/ eg]sf] k|]dnfO{ b]vfpg] d]/f k|Zgx¿sf] hjfkm n]Vg
vfnsf] k| l ts xf] . pkxf/nfO{
ljrf/sf] ;"rs klg eGGf ;lsG5 . Pp6f lj1KtL lbg] xf] ls <
pkxf/ eg]sf] Ps ?k}ofF klg Ps / cGtdf ;'g –
s/f]8 h:t} x'g ;S5 . pkxf/sf] ltdLn] cof]Uo 3f]if0ff u/]sf
5gf]6 ug{'klg Pp6f 7"nf] snf xf] . oL b'O{ ;o krf; jif{cl3 klg
cfk"mnfO{ dgkg{] dflg;nfO{ cfˆgf] dfgj hfltsf] Oltxf; lyof]
/f]hfO{sf] pkxf/ lbg' eg]sf] dxfg ltd|f] of]Uotf g rnfP/ klg
sfo{ xf] . k|]d / ljjfxdf w]/} s'/fn] xfd|f] ;Eotf rn]sf] lyof]
dxTj /fVb5g\\ . To;nfO{ olt ;fgf] ltdLn] cof]Uo 3f]if0ff ug{' cl3sf
n]vdf ;d]6g\ ] c;Dej 5 t/ klg
k|d
] / ljjfxdf dgf]j1 } flgs 9Ën]
xhf/f}+ jif{
ljZn]if0f ug{] k|oTg u¥of}F . xfdL klg xfdL s'g of]Uotfn] l6Sof}+ xf]nf <
Pscsf{nfO{ dfof u¥of}F / ljZjnfO{ wd{sf] w"ldn Joj:yfåf/f
k|d] do agfcf}=F == . j0ff{>dsf] qm'/ sfg"gåf/f
/fHo ;Qfsf] Zj]t cftÍåf/f
5f]/f;/x O{Zj/af6
dlGb/af6
kl08taf6
5f]/LnfO{ k'/f]lxtaf6
/fhfaf6
/fhgLltaf6
:s'n k9\g ;a} ;a}af6 cf/lIft sf] xf] <
dxfzo,
k7fcf}+ . cfpm
Pp6f dHhfsf] ax;
xfdL cfFvf h'wfP/ ;'? u/f}+ Û
 @)&* ;fn r}t @& ut] cfOtaf/
g]skfleq sfo{gLltsf] ax;
g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf] olx r}q
$ ut]bl] v !% ut];Dd emG8} b'O{ xKtf
nufP/ lzju9Ldf ;DkGg s]Gb|Lo
;ldltsf] a}7sn] lnPsf] :yfgLo
r'gfjaf/]sf] sfo{gLlt / o;sf] af/]df
ePsf 5nkmn / ax;n] Ps k6s
xfdL ;a}sf] Wofg cfs[i6 u/]sf] 5 .
z]/axfb'/ ljZjsdf{
g]skfn] cf;Gg :yfgLo r'gfjsf] k|of]u
ug]{ sfo{gLlt cufl8 ;f/]kl5 Psyl/
dG5]x?n], ca of] kf6L{ ;+;bLo
d"nwf/df cfpg] eof], cGttM ljKnj
klg k|r08 h:t} x'g] eP, cflv/
ltdLx?sf] PsLs[t qmflGt klg o:t} t
/}5 lg, eGg EofP . pgLx?sf]
sf]sf]xf]nf] dRrfO/xg'sf] k5fl8 kf6L{nfO{
qmflGtsf/L agfO/fVg] / qmflGtdf cfkm}F
of]ubfg ug]{ s'/f;Fu 5}g . h;/L klg
ab\gfd ug],{ e|d l;h{gf ug]{ /
cfGbf]ngnfO{ sdhf]/ kfg]{
of]hgfcGtu{t pgLx? o;f] ul//xG5g\ . l7s oxL ;dodf tdfd qmflGtsf/L g]tf,
sfo{stf{ / ;lxb kl/jf/x?n] st} kf6L{n] cfˆgf] wf/ abNg vf]hs ] } xf] t eg]/ rf;f] /
lrGtf;lxt k|ltlqmofx? JoQm u/]sf] kfOof] . of] :jefljs klg 5 . qmflGtla/f]wLx?n]
qmflGtnfO{ sdhf]/ kfg{ clxn] b'Oj{ 6f tl/sf canDag ul//x]sf] eGb} g]skf ;lrjfno
;b:o ;Gtf]if a'9f eG5g\ – klxnf] tl/sf xf], pgLx? xfdLnfO{ 5fkfdf/ ;+3if{lt/ kmsf{pg
rfxG5g\ eg] bf];f| ] tl/sf xf] ca logLx? klg k|r08 h:t} ;+;bLo Aoj:yf /
;+ljwfgcGtu{t cfP eGb} e|d k}bf ug{ vf]H5g\ t/ xfdL pgLx?n] u/]sf b'O6}
cg'dfgeGbf km/s 5f} .Æ
;/sf/n] nufPsf] b' O { aif{ s f]
k|ltaGwkl5 tLg a'bF ] ;xdlt u/]/
cfPsf] of] kf6L{n] g]kfnL qmflGtsf] afFsL
sfo{ef/ ca s;/L k"/f u5{ jf ljBdfg
;Qf / zlQms} jl/kl/ uf]nrSs/ t
nufpFbg} eg]/ ljleGg cg'dfg / ljdz{
e}/x]sf] a]nf kf6L{n] lng] tTsfnLg
sfo{gLltaf/] cfGtl/s / afXo b'a}
?kdf ax;, 5nkmn / lqmof– k|ltlqmof
pTkGg x'g' :jeflas xf] . ;/sf/n]
;+;baf6 Pdl;;L kf; u/]kl5 /fli6«o
:jfwLgtf Pjd\ ;fj{ef}d;Qfsf] /Iffsf]
k|Zg lgs} k]lrnf] aGb} u}/x]sf] a]nf
Pdl;;Llj?4sf] df]rf{ lgdf{0f, kf6L{sf]
gjf}+ dxflwj]zgsf] tof/L / cfzGg
lgjf{rgnfO{ s;/L x]g{] eGg] ljifodf
s]lGb|t lzju9L a}7sdf pNn]lvt tLg
Ph]G8fdWo] r'gfjL sfo{gLltn] dfq}
k|fyldstf kfPsf] h:tf] u/L s]xL rf;f],
ck]Iff / l6Kk0fLsf ;fy} s'07f,
clt/Ghgf / b'/fzoo'Qm laZn]if0fx?
klg Ps}rf]6L ;txdf cfPsf 5g\ .
lgZro g} sfo{gLlt eg]sf] c:yfoL,
tfTsflns / /0fgLltsf] ;]jf ug{sf
nflu kf6L{n] cjnDag ug]{ hggLlt
xf] . n]lggn] t o;nfO{ rf}la; 306fleq
km]/jbn ug{ ;lsG5 eGg" ePsf] lyof] .
t/, slxn]sfxLF /0fgLlt / sfo{gLltaLr
a]dn ] x'bF f, sfo{gLlt g} /0fgLlth:tf]
x'g] jf o;sf] k|of]udf s]lx ;}4flGts
sdhf]/Ln] ubf{ qmflGtsf/L cfGbf]ng g}
7"nf] e8\vfnf]df km;]sf s}of}+ pbfx/0fx?
5g\ . kf6L{sf] clwstd sfo{qmdnfO{
k"/f ug{ tTsfnLg / Go"gtd sfo{qmd
s] x'g,] cfhsf] /fli6«o – cGt/f{li6«o
kl/a]z / d"n'ssf] juL{o zlQm
;Gt'ngsf] cfhsf] l:yltdf s'g
k|sf/sf] sfo{lbzf / sfo{gLlt k|of]u
ubf{ bnfn k'h F Ljfblj?4 hgtfsf]
3]/fnfO Jofks / k|efjzfnL agfpg
;lsG5 eGg]af/] km/s–km/s sf]0f
k|ltsf]0faf6 s'g} klg sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf]
lhagdf o;/L ax; x'g' cfkm}dF f ;'vb
kIf xf] . h;n] dfS;{jfbsf] cfwf/e"t
dfGotfnfO{ a'em]sf 5}gg\, h;n] a'em]sf
t 5g\ t/, l7s 9+un] kqm]sf 5}gg\ /
h;n] a'em]/ klg o;sf] tf]8d/f]8
ul//x]sf 5g\, pgLx?nfO{ kf6L{leq rNg]
o; k|sfsf ax;x?n] lg/fzf, eoeLt
/ cft+lst t'Nofpg' :jeflas xf] .
s_ sDo'lg:6 kf6L{leqsf] ax;
kf6L{ cfkm}dF f Ps j:t' xf], j:t'
x'gs
' f] sf/0f o;sf] cl:tTj g} o;leq
cGtlg{lxt lakl/tx?aLrsf] Pstf /
;+3if{n] lgwf{/0f ub{5 . Tof] ;+3if{ /
Pstf ;hftLox?aLr dfq} x'g ;Sb5
g ls lahflto / c3'ngzLnaLr . of]
dfGotf g} cf7f}F dxflwj]zgåf/f cl3
;fl/Psf] åGåfTds tyf P]ltxfl;s
ef}ltsjfbL bz{gdf Ps dxTjk"0f{ k|:tfj
xf] . sDo'lg:6 kf6L{leq hlxNo} ;xL /
unt, dfS;{jfbL / u}/dfS;{jfbL
;f]rx?aLr ;+3if{ e}/xG5 . o; k|sf/sf]
cGt/kf6L{ ;+3if{n] g} kf6L{nfO{ ultzLn
/ lhjGt agfO/fVg d2t ub{5 .
lgZro g} g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{leqsf]
of] kl5Nnf] ax; / 5nkmnn] g]kfnL
qmflGtsf ;+efjgf / r'gf}tLnfO{ l7s
9+un] klqmg cfkm}n F fO cem a9L ltvfg{
k|l] /t u/]sf] 5 . of] ax;n] l;h{gf u/]sf
t/+uaf/] ;Í]t ub}{ dxf;lrj laKnan]
eGg'ePsf] 5– ækf6L{df x'g] ax;n]
xfdLnfO{ cfwf/e"t ?kdf Ps 7fpFdf g}
NofPsf] 5, To;nfO{ ldn]sf] g} dfGg'
k5{ . lsgls g]kfnL ;dfhsf] ljZn]if0f,
xfd|f] k|wfg cGt/lj{/f]w, cfhsf] ljZj
kl/l:yltsf] d"Nof+sg / g]kfnL qmflGtsf]
sfo{lbzf PsLs[t hgqmflGtaf/] xfdL
Ps 7fpFdf g} 5f}, xf] tTsfnLg :yfgLo
r'gfjL sfo{gLltaf/] s] ubf{ qmflGtsf]
/0fgLltnfO{ ;]jf ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] af/]
xfdLn] ;a} sf]0faf6 5nkmn u¥of}F /
Pp6f lg:s;{df k'us ] f 5f} .Æ
kf6L{leq x'g] ax; / sDo'lg:6
kf6L{sf] g]t[Tj lgdf{0faf/] k|aQmf
k|sf08sf cg';f/– ækf6L{sf nflu ;xL
ljrf/ / sfo{lbzf hlt dxTjk"0f{ x'G5
TolQs} dxTjsf] k|Zg g]tT[ j klg xf],
j:t'df ePsf] ljsf;sf] :t/cg';f/ xfd|f]
;f]Rg] tl/sfdf klg ljsf; ug{ ;lsPg
eg] xfdLn] cfGbf]ngsf] /Iff / ljsf;
klg ug{ ;Sb}gf},F sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf nflu
g]tT[ j eg]sf] ;dfg r]tgfx?aLrsf]
Pstf klg xf], hxfg]/ r]tgf / xfd|f
;f]Rg] tl/sfdf km/s k5{ ToxfFaf6
kf6L{df ;d:of cfpg] u5{g .Æ
Pp6f ;kmn qmflGtsf nflu
g]tT[ jsf] ;jfn lgs} dxTjk"0f{ x'G5 .
n]lggn] Psk6s eGg" ePsf] lyof]–
æqmflGtsf/L cfGbf]ngsf nflu cfTdut
/ j:t'ut cj:yf rflxG5, qmflGtsf/L
l;4fGt, sfo{lbzf / sfo{gLlt klg
rflxG5, oL ;asf afah'b cfˆg}
cfGbf]ngsf ;kmntf / c;kmntfåf/f
vfl/Psf Ps bh{ g a9L
k|ltefzfnLx?sf] l6d klg clgafo{ zt{
xf] .Æ g]tT[ j s'g} o'lgel;{6Laf6 cfoft
–lgof{t ug]{ s'/f xf]Og, of] ;dfhdf
rNg] ju{;3+ if{ / To;sf] cfjZostfn]
g} cfˆgf au{sf k|ltlglw k}bf ug]{ s'/f
xf], rfx] ;a{xf/f kf6L{df xf]; jf a'hj'{ f
au{sf kf6L{x?df .
v_ ljZj kl/l:ylt
gAa]sf] bzsdf zf]leot ;+3sf]
lj36g, k"jL{of o'/f]ksf ;dfhjfbL
;Qfx?df ePsf k|ltqmflGt / Ps w|j' Lo
cd]l/sL ljZj Aoj:yfsf] pbokl5 ca
;dfhjfbL qmflGt ug{ ;lsGg ls h:tf]
l:ylt ag]sf] lyof] . s}of}+ sDo'lg:6
kf6L{x? an k|of]u / ;dfhjfbL
qmflGtsf nflu ljZj kl/l:ylt cToGt}
k| l ts' n 5 eGb} k' / fg} ;Qfdf
cfTd;dk{0f u/]sf y'k}| pbfx/0f 5g\ .
g]kfndf Pdfn] xFb' } k|r08–afa'/fdx?n]
cfTd;dk{0fsf] af6f] lnPsf] klg
ljz]ifu/L ljZj kl/l:yltsf] d"Nof+sgaf/]
dgf]ut a'emfO{n] g} xf] . l7s oxL
kl/l:yltdf g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf] cf7f}+
dxflwj]zgn] ca ljZj kl/l:ylt Ps
w'j| Lo xf]Og ls ax'wj' | Lo x'bF } uPsf] lgisif{
lgsfn]sf] lyof] . dxf;lrj ljKnj
eGg'xG' 5 – æc?x?n] qmflGtnfO{ 5f]8g\ sf
nflu ts{x? u/], xfdLn] qmflGtnfO{
;Dea t'Nofpg ts{x? u¥of},F c?n]
cfTd;dk{0f ug{sf nflu ts{x? u/],
xfdLn] u2f/L / wf]sflj?4 lab|fx] ;+ul7t
ug{sf nflu ts{x? u¥of},F c?n] cWof/f]
b]vfpgsf nflu ts{x? u/], xfdLn]
cFWof/f] / ;Ggf6fkl5sf] pHofnf]
b]vfpgsf nflu ts{x? u¥of},F c?n]
xfdLnfO{ lg/fzf / eoeLt ug{sf nflu
ts{x? u/], xfdLn] qmflGtsf/L cfzfjfb
/ lahosf nflu ts{x? u¥of},F of] g}
pgLx? / xfdLaLrsf] cGt/ klg xf] .Æ
cfh ;ftf}F dxflwj]zgsf] d"Nof+sg
;xL ;flat x'bF } uPsf] 5 . ljZj
b'Ow{ j' | Lo / ax'wj' | Lo x'bF } uPsf] 5 . cGt/
;fd|fHojfbL cGt/lj/f]w em8k /
;+3if{df k|s6 e}/sf] 5 . kl5Nnf] o'qm]g
;+s6 To;sf] Pp6f pbfx/0f xf], o;af/]
g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf ljb]z laefu
k|dv ' wd]G{ b| jf:tf]nf sGrg o;f] eGg'
x'G5– æcd]l/sf / ¿;aLrsf] o'4 g}
o'qm]g ;+s6 xf] . To;sf] df/df o'qm]gL
hgtf kl//x]sf 5g\ . o;sf] d'Vosf/0f
o'qm]g ;/sf/sf] bnfn gLlt xf] . o:tf]
;+s6 ef]ln g]kfndf klg cfpg ;S5,
o;sf] vt/f klg 5 .Æ
xfdLn] ljZj zlQm ;Gt'ng, ljZj
kl/a]zsf] d"Nof+sg / ;fd|fHojfbL
cGtlj{ / f] w sf] rrf{ ug{ ' s f] cy{
k'h
F Ljfbleq cfk;L åGå 5 / To;n]
clgjfo{ ?kdf ;dfhjfbL cfGbf]ng /
/fli6«o d'lQm cfGbf]ngsf nflu j:t'ut
cj:yf lgdf{0f u5{ eGg" xf] . oxfFg/]
xfdLn] Wofg lbg'kg]{ s'/f s] 5 eg]
cfhsf] ;fd|fHojfb n]lggsflng
;fd|fHojfbeGbf km/s 5, of] vf;u/L
cl;sf] bzskl5 gjpbf/jfbL rl/qdf
ljsf; ePsf] 5, e"d08nLs[t /
la1fg– k|ljlwdf cfwfl/t 5, o;nfO{
g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf] yjfª\df ;DkGg
cf7f}F dxflwj]zgn] pQ/;fd|fHojfb
eg]sf] 5 .
u _ Pd;L;L / gof gof““ sfo{gLltsf]
cfjZostf
;g\ !*!^ sf] ;'uf}nL ;lGw /
!(%)sf] g]kfn ef/taLr ;DkGg
zflGt tyf d}qL ;lGwkl5, h;nfO{
c;dfg ;lGw klg eGg] ul/G5, d"ns ' b /f]8 h:tf ;fdu|L of] ax;sf kl5Nnf
cw{;fdGtL / cw{cf}klgj]lzs dflgb}
cfPsf] lyof] . clxn] ha ;/sf/n]
;+;båf/f g} Pd;L;L kf; u/]kl5 b]z
ca k"0f{t gjpklgj]zdf ablnPsf] 5,
o;af/] ef/tLo ;]gfsf k"jh { g/n Pad
g]kfn dfdnfsf Pshgf hfgsf/
hg/n czf]s d]xtfn] o;/L l6Kk0fL
u/]sf 5g\– æg]kfn ca b'O{ 9'ËfaLrsf]
t?n /x]g, olta]nf xfdL k[YjLgf/fo0f
zfxnfO{ ofb u5f},+ { pgn] s'g} a]nf eg]sf
lyP, g]kfn b'O{ 9'ËfaLrsf] t?n xf],
ca g]kfn tLg 9'ËfaLrsf] t?n x'g
k'us ] f] 5 lsgeg] cd]l/sf klg g]kfndf
cfof], o;cl3 cd]l/sf slxNo} g]kfn
cfPsf] lyPg, p cln k5fl8 g} lyof]
t/ clxn] Pd;L;Ldfkm{t\ OG8f]Kofl;lkms
/0fgLlt nfu" ug{ cyf{t rLgnfO{ 3]g{]
h'g /0fgLlt agfPsf] lyof], Tof] ca
cd]l/sfn] u5{ .Æ
l:ylt lgs} hl6n / ;+jb] glzn
b] l vG5 . nfvf} F – nfv hgtf /
b]zeQmx?sf] la/f]wsf afjh'b klg
hah{:t ?kdf Pd;L;L kf; ul/Psf]
5 . ;Qf ;fem]bf/ bnleqs} Jofks
c;Gt'li6 / la/f]w x'bF fx'bF } klg k|r08
/ dfwj g]kfnx? /ftf/ft cfTd;dk{0f
ug{ k'u] . of] kl/l:yltn] hah{:t ?kdf
b]zdf w|j' Ls/0fsf] l:ylt aGb} 5 .
b]zeQm / b]zb|fx] Lx?aLr hgtfn]
dx;'; ug]u{ /L lsQf lSno/ x'g] l:ylt
5 . o:tf] a]nf b]zeQmx?sf] a[xt\
df]rf{sf] lgdf0f{ ub}{ g]kfnL gofF hgjfbL
qmflGtsf] /fli6«otf;Fu ;DalGwt sfo{ef/
k"/f ug{ h?/L 5, To;f] gu/L cyf{t
bnfn k'h F Ljfb;Fusf] k|wfg cGt/lj/f]w
xn gu/L g b]z /xg ;S5, g t
nf]stGq g} . d"ns ' sf cufl8 pTkGg
kl/l:yltsf cfwf/df ;Rrf b]zeQm
qmflGtsf/L kf6L{ n ] km] l /Psf]
kl/l:yltcg';f/ cfˆgf] sfo{gLlt
z[v + nfx?sf] ljsf; gug]{ xf] eg] p;n]
cfk"mnfO{ Oltxf;sf] /ËdGraf6 labfO
ug{k' g]{ x'G5 . of] lhDd]jf/LnfO{ k"/f ug{
5fkfd/ ;+3if{sf] sfo{gLltn] ;Dea 5}g .
hgtf;Fu hf]l8Psf] / cem Ps xb;Dd
eGbf j}wflgs ;+/rgfsf] s'g} g s'g}
9Ën] c+u gagL b]zeQmx?sf] a[xt\
df]rf{ lgdf{0f c;Dej 5 . of] P]ltxfl;s
bfloTjnfO{ k"/f ug{ xfdLn] cfkm}nF fO{ gofF
r'gf}tLnfO{ ;fdgf ug{ tof/ kfg}{ kb{5 .
3_ ljZj ;dfhjfbL qmflGt / rf}yf]
cGt/f{l:6«o lgdf{0fsf] vf“rf]
ljZjel/ olta]nf ;dfhjfbsf]
af/]df Ps k6s k'gM ladz{ x'bF 5 } .
k'hF Ljfb / gjpbf/jfbL nf]stGqdf
;+s6sf] jfbn d8fl//x]sf] 5 . wgL
/ ul/aaLrsf] cfo c;dfgtf r'lnFbf]
5 . jftfj/0fLo IfoLs/0f lgs}
8/nfUbf] x'Fb} 5 . kl5Nnf] sf]le8
Aoj:yfkgdf b]lvPsf] Ifdtf /
/fHosf] e"ldsfsf cfwf/df ;dfhjfbL
elgPsf b]zx? g} of] ;+s6;Fu h'‰g
t'ngfTds ?kdf ;kmn b]lvPsf 5g\ .
gfkmf / k'h F Lsf] lj:tfl/t k'g?Tkfbgsf]
k'FhLjfbL rl/qsf sf/0f cfjlws
cfly{s ;+s6x? b]vf kb}5 { g\ . o;n]
k'h F LjfbL j[tleq ;d]t k'h F Ljfbsf]
;+s6 / gofF j}slNks ljZj Joj:yfsf]
af/]df af}l4s dGyg x'g yfn]sf]
b]lvG5 . k|fk] m];/ 8\of/f]g cs]df]Un' /
/f]laG;gåf/f ;g @)!@ df lnlvt
rlr{t k':ts JxfO g]zG; km]n, pgs}
csf]{ k':ts b Gof/f] sl/8f]/, ?lro/
zdf{åf/f ;g@)!@ df lnlvt k':ts
b /fOh PG8 kmn ckm g]zG;, cd]l/sL
cy{tGqsf hflgkmsf/ tyf ljZj
a}+ssf k"j{k|d'v rlr{t cy{zf:qL
hf] ; ] k m l:6lUnhåf/f lnlvt
Unf]anfOh]zg PG8 O6\; l8:sG6]G6\;,
;g\ @)@! df hg j]g/{] åf/f lnlvt
l8df]qm];L ?Nh, xfn} k|sflzt 8]le8
:6f;e]hsf] k':ts b l8SnfOg PG8
/fOh ckm l8df]qm];L, h]D; l/sf8{sf]
b Go' u|6] l8k|z ] g / Pshgf csf{
ljåfgåf/f lnlvt k':ts 8]df]qm];L jg
pbfx/0fx? x'g\ .
ljZj ;dfhjfbL Aoj:yfsf
lbzfdf h;/L ef}lts kl/j]z aGb} 5
/ g]kfnd} klg k|foM ;a}h;f] kf6L{ /
;+ljwfgsf] k|:tfjgfdf ;d]t ;dfhjfb
pNn]v ug}{ kg]{ h'g l:yt 5, o;nfO{
oyfy{df abNg ljZj:t/sf] dGrsf]
vfFrf] 5 . To;nfO cem 7f];df eGbf
rf}yf] cGt/f{li6«osf] lgdf{0f ub}{
ljZjAofkL ?kdf x:tIf]k ug{ h?/L
5 . ?;df qmflGt ;DkGg ePsf] b'O{
jif{kl5 ;g\ !(!( df n]lggn] ljZjsf
sDo'lg:6 kf6L{x?aLr df]rf{ agfpg]
p2]Zon] sDo'lg:6 OG6/g]zgn cyf{t\
sf]ldG6g{ u7g u/]sf lyP . o;cl3
dfS;{ PË]N;sf] cu'jfOdf ;g\ !*^$
df k|yd cGt/f{li6«osf] u7g ePsf]
lyof] eg] ;g\ !**( df Pª]N;sf]
cu'jfOdf bf];f| ] OG6/g]zgn ag]sf]
lyof] . h;/L k'h F Ljfb PsLs[t eP/
cfPsf] 5, k'h F Ljfblj?4 n8\g klg
ljZj:t/df PsLs[t kxn / df]rf{
h?/L x'G5 . lrlgofF sDo'lg:6 kf6L{
:yfkgsf] !))jif{ k"/f u/]sf] cj;/df
lrlgofF ljb]z laefu k|d'v ;ª
tfcf];uF sf] er{c ' n a}7sdf dxf;lrj
ljKnan] cfˆgf] ;Daf]wgdf, rf}yf]
cGt/f{l:6«o u7gaf/] tkfO{x?n] s]
;f]lr/xg' ePsf] 5, eg]/ k|Zg u/]sf
lyP eg] ljb]z laefu k|dv ' ;ª
tfcf] n ] , o;nfO{ cfly{ s
ljZJoflks/0fleq ;dflxt ug{' kb{5,
eGb} pNn]lvt k|Zgsf] nfdf] pQ/
lbPsf lyP .
;dfhjfbL qmflGt cfkm} F d f
cGt/f{l:6«otfjfbL cfGbf]ng xf] / of]
;kmn x'g] lalQs} k'h F Ljfbsf] s]Gb|df
89]nf] nfUg yfN5 eg] o;nfO{ lgefpg
pgLx? ;+;f/el/sf] tfst nufpg
yfN5g\ . xfdLn] g]kfnL qmflGtsf kfFr
tof/LdWo] cGt/f{l:6«o tof/LnfO klg
Pp6f cfofd dfGb} cfPsf 5f} / o;nfO{
;d]t k"/f ug]{ xf] eg] s}of}+ /rgfTds,
hgcfwfl/t / of] sfo{ef/nfO{ d2t
x'g] u/L yk sfo{gLlts z[v + nfx?sf]
ljsf; ug}k{ g]{ x'G5 / kl5Nnf] r'gfjL
sfo{gLltnfO o;}sf] cË dfGg ;lsG5 .
ª_ r' g fjL sfo{ g Llt
ljBdfg Joj:yfcGtu{t x'g] s'g}
klg r'gfjdf ;xefuL x'g] jf gx'g]
eGg] k|Zg sfo{gLlts ;jfn xf],
/0fgLltsf] ;jfn xf]Og . o;nfO{
;fk]Iftfdf x]g' { kb{5, lg/k]Iftfdf xf]Og .
cS6f]a/ qmflGtsf] k"j; { GWofdf kf6L{
dfly k|ltjGw nfu]kl5 / hf/zfxL
bdgsf] ;dodf n]lggn] b'dfsf] k|of]u
ug]{ sfo{gLlt Nofpg' eof] . hgo'4sf]
tof/L k"j{ @)$*df ;+;bsf] k|of]un]
hgo'4sf] rf/ tof/Ldf dxTjk"0f{
e"ldsf v]Nof] . s'g} kf6L{ r'gfjdf uPs}
sf/0fn] p qmflGtsf/L /Xof] jf /x]g
eGg] s'/fsf] 6'u+ f] nfUb}g / nufpg
ldNb} g . d" n s' / f] dfS;{ j fbsf
cfwf/e"t k|Zgk|ltsf] b[li6sf]0fsf] xf] .
ju{;3+ if{, juL{o clwgfosTj, /fHo;Qf
/ ;dfhjfb, an k|of]usf] l;4fGtsf]
ljifodf kf6L{ / g]tT[ jn] s;/L ;f]R5
7
Tof] d'Vo s'/f xf] .
r'gfjsf] pkof]u / alxisf/nfO{
s;/L a'‰g] eGg] af/] clgn zdf{
la/xLsf] syg o:tf] 5–
ækGrfotsfndf r'gfj alx:sf/ u/]/
sfFu;] | qmflGtsf/L ePg . @)$*;fndf
r'gfjdf uP/ g]skf Pstf s]Gb|
;'wf/jfbL ePg . kf6L{sf] ljrf/ /
/fhgLlt ;xL 5 eg] r'gfj pkof]u
u/]/ klg tflTjs c;/ kb}g{ , t/
/0fgLltsf] ;]jf s] ubf{ x'G5 eGg] k|Zg
k|wfg xf] .Æ
clxn]sf] Ao:yfdf b]lvPsf r'gfjL
las[ltsf sf/0f of] c;fWo} dxËf],
abgfd / hgla/f]wL b]lvPsf] xf] . t/,
r'gfj cfkm}dF f v/fa xf]Og . xfdLn] eGg]
u/]sf] a}1flgs ;dfhjfbdf klg
hgtfsf] dg lhTg' kg] { x' G 5,
hgcg'df]lbt x'g} k5{| / ;a}eGbf
nf]stGqjfbL g} ;dfhjfbLx? x'g eGg]
s'/f Aoaxf/t ;flat ug}{ k5{ . clxn]
klg lrlgofFx? sfo{stf{ hgtfaf6
cg'df]lbt x'g] / g]tfx¿ sfo{stf{n] r'Gg]
ub{5g\ . r'gfjaf/] dxf;lrj laKnan]
æxfdL r'gfjsf lj/f]wL xf]Ogf}, of] bnfn
k'h
F LjfbL Aoj:yfsf kf] la/f]wL xf}, r'gfj
/ Aoj:yfaLrsf] cGt/nfO{ klg
ljZn]if0f u/]/ x]g'{ kb{5æ eg]sf 5g\\ .
r_ ljBdfg sfo{gLltsf t/·x?
g]skfn] cf;Gg :yfgLo r'gfjsf]
k|of]u ug]{ sfo{gLlt cufl8 ;f/]kl5
Psyl/ dG5]x?n], ca of] kf6L{ ;+;bLo
d"nwf/df cfpg] eof], cGttM ljKnj
klg k|r08 h:t} x'g] eP, cflv/
ltdLx?sf] PsLs[t qmflGt klg o:t}
t /}5 lg, eGg EofP . pgLx?sf]
sf]sf]xf]nf] dRrfO/xg'sf] k5fl8
kf6L{nfO{ qmflGtsf/L agfO/fVg] /
qmflGtdf cfkm}F of]ubfg ug]{ s'/f;Fu
5}g . h;/L klg ab\gfd ug],{ e|d
l;h{gf ug]{ / cfGbf]ngnfO{ sdhf]/
kfg]{ of]hgfcGtu{t pgLx? o;f]
ul//xG5g\ . l7s oxL ;dodf tdfd
qmflGtsf/L g]tf, sfo{stf{ / ;lxb
kl/jf/x?n] st} kf6L{n] cfˆgf] wf/
abNg vf]hs ] } xf] t eg]/ rf;f] /
lrGtf;lxt k|ltlqmofx? JoQm u/]sf]
kfOof] . of] :jefljs klg 5 .
qmflGtla/f]wLx?n] qmflGtnfO{ sdhf]/
kfg{ clxn] b'Oj{ 6f tl/sf canDag
ul//x]sf] eGb} g]skf ;lrjfno ;b:o
;Gtf]if a'9f eG5g\ – klxnf] tl/sf
xf], pgLx? xfdLnfO{ 5fkfdf/ ;+3if{lt/
kmsf{pg rfxG5g\ eg] bf];f| ] tl/sf xf]
ca logLx? klg k|r08 h:t} ;+;bLo
Aoj:yf / ;+ljwfgcGtu{t cfP eGb}
e|d k}bf ug{ vf]H5g\ t/ xfdL pgLx?n]
u/]sf b'O6} cg'dfgeGbf km/s 5f} .Æ
kf6L{leq pTkGg k|ltlqmof /
k|efjaf/] km]l/ ;lrjfno ;b:o
a'9fn] o;/L ;+Zn]if0f u/]sf 5g\–
æxfdL Ps k6s kf]v/faf6 :ofª\hf
x'Fb} a'6jn hfFb} lyof}F, :ofª\hfsf]
af6f]df y'k|} df]8 / 3'DtLx? 5g\,
o:tf 3'DtLx?df slxNo} afGtf gug]{
;fyLx?n] klg afGtf u5{g . To:t}
kf6L{n] lng] o:tf cg]s 3'DtLx?df
slxn]sfxLF s}of}+ ;fyLx?nfO{ To:t}
x'G5, eof] klg . ædnfO{ Ps k6s
nfdf] ;do;Dd vf]sL ;Grf] gePkl5
tftf]kfgL lng yfn], tftf]kfgL dfq}
lnFbflnFbf d]/f] z/L/ g} o:tf] eof]
ls lr;f] kfgL 5f]of] ls ;d:of
cfOxfNg], clxn] d lr;f] kfgL klg
lnG5', slxn]sfxLF tftf]kfgL klg,
clxn] d] / f] zl//n] b' O 6} kfgL
krfp5, clxn] d l7s 5', g]kfnsf]
sDo'lg:6 cfGbf]ngdf klg laut
nfdf] ;dob]lv ls t alx:sf/ dfq}
ug]{, ls t r'gfj pkof]usf] dfq}
s'/f ug]{ b'O{ cnu cnu :s'lnª
eP, clxn] xfdLn] tL b'a}eGbf km/s
sfo{gLlt c+lusf/ u/]kl5 xfd|f
;fyLx?nfO{ clnslt P8\h:6 ug{
c;xh ePsf] dfq} xf], xfdL l5§}
P8\h:6 x'Fb} hfg] 5f} .Æ
 8 sf= lh= k|= sf= b= g+= !^#÷@)^#÷^$
;lxbsf]=====
g]skf lg/Gt/ cufl8 a9\g] atfP .
pgn] Pd;L;L ;Demf}tfdf ul/Psf]
x:tfIf/n] cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbsf]
pklgj]zLs/0f ug]{ g]kfnnfO{ o'qm]g
agfpg] /0fe"ld agfP/ cfˆgf] :jfy{l;4
ug{ cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbn] cfˆgf gª\uf|
g]kfndf lkmhfO/x]sf] atfP .
g]kfndf Pd;L;L kf; ubf{ ;+;b\df
x:tfIf/ gug]{ c8fg /fVg] ;+;bLo kf6L{df
eP klg b]zeQmk"0f{ efjgf /fVg]x?sf]
pRr ;Ddfg ub}{ hxfF /x] klg b]zsf]
dfof ug]{ b]zeQmx?k|lt P]Soa4tf
hgfpFb} pgLx?k|lt ;+oQ' m df]rf{ agfP/
/fli6«o d'lQmsf] n8fO{ n8\g] atfP .
Pd;L;L cg'bfgsf] se/df cd]l/sL ;]gf
/ cd]l/sL ef8fsf ;]gf g]kfndf cfpg]
atfpFb} Pd;L;L cg'bfg xf] eg] cfˆgf]
:jfledfg lu/fP/ cg'bfg glng] atfpFb}
hlt;'s} k};f lbP klg cfˆgf] cfdf /
;GtfgnfO{ a]Rg g;Sg] atfP .
olb /fli6«o :jfwLgtfsf] k|Zg cfpF5
eg] kf6L{sf em08f / kf6L{sf Aofg/ /
cg'zf;g afws aGg gx'g] atfpFb}
b] z sf] b] z elQmk" 0 f{ cj:yfdf
;fj{ef}d;Qfdfly vNnf] cfpF5 eg] ;a}
af/aGb]hnfO{ tf]8/] g]kfnL / b]zeQmsf]
kl/ro lbg'kg]{ / u'6ut dfgl;stf /
kf6L{ut dfgl;stfaf6 dfly p7]/
n8\g'kg]{ atfP . pQm sf]0f;ef
sfo{qmddf g]skfsf s]lGb|o ;b:o tyf
?kGb] x L lhNnf OGrfh{ s[ l tsf]
;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmd
g]skfsf ?kGb]xL lhNnf ;]qm]6/L
ljZjf;sf] ;Grfngdf ePsf] lyof] .
:yfgLo=====
;fksf]6fsf] cWoIftfdf ePsf] hg;ef
sfo{qmddf g]skfsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o Pjd\
lrtjg lhNnf OGrfh{ ;Gb]z, g]skf
s]Gb|Lo ;b:o Pjd\ clvn g]kfn dlxnf
;+3 qmflGtsf/LsL s]Gb|Lo cWoIf aGw'
rGbnufot af]ns ] f lyP . sfo{qmddf
;fdgf hg;f+:s[lts kl/jf/n] ljleGg
k|:t'ltx? b]vfPsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf]
;~rfng g]skf lrtjg lhNnf ljz]if
sld6L ;b:o dx]z yf?n] u/]sf lyP .
cf;Gg=====
lrq b]lvPsf] 5 . To;af6 klg ljZn]if0f
ug{ ;lsG5 . Ps jif{ cl3 xfdLn] b]z
/ hgtfsf] rfxgfnfO{ b[li6ut u/]/
tTsfnLg cf]nL ;/sf/;Fu u/]sf] tLg
a'Fb] ;xdlt ePsf] lyof] . To;nfO{ nfu"
ug]{ ;Gbe{df kfFr dlxgf lalt;Sbf;d]t
cf]nL ;/sf/n] nfu" ug{ ;s]g . clxn]
b]pjf g]t[Tjsf] ;/sf/ ag]kl5 klg gf}
dlxgf lalt;s]sf] 5 . xfdLn] k6s–
k6s ;/sf/nfO{ elg/x]sf 5f}F t/ klg
tLg a'Fb] ;xdlt k"0f{?kdf sfof{Gjog
a]nfdf r'gfj cfPkl5 rfx] :yfgLo
lgosfosf k|ltlglw x'g\, rfx] ;+;b\sf
k|ltlglw x'g\ tL s;}n] klg hgtfsf]
cfsf+Iff / efjgfcg';f/ sfd u/]gg\ /
;/sf/n] klg ug{ ;s]sf] 5}g . a? pN6}
e|i6frf/ sldzg, dxFuL / /fi6«3ftaf6
hgtf cflht\ 5g\ . hgtfn] ljsNk
vf]lh/x]sf 5g\ . of] a]nfdf r'gfjnfO{
gofF 9Ën] k|of]u ug]{ eg]sf xf}F . Tof]
eg]sf] kl/jt{g / qmflGtsf] lg/Gt/tfsf]
df]rf{sf] ?kdf cfˆg} 9Ën] gofF k|:t't
ul//fv]sf /fhgLlts kf6L{sf] r'gfjL
df]rf{ agfP/ cufl8 a9\g] eGg] xf] .Æ
o;}u/L, Pscsf]{ k|Zgsf] hjfkm lbFb}
k|jQmf k|sf08n] eg]sf 5g\– æclxn]
:yfgLo lgjf{rgnfO{ /fli6«o :jfwLgtfsf
kIfw/, hgd'lQmsf kIfw/ / hgtfnfO{
cflht agfPsf laifolj?4 v8f x'g]
k|ltlglwx?nfO{ xfdLn] r'gfjL df]rf{df
k7fpg] xf] . o;sf nflu xfdL 5 kf6L{;uF
5nkmndf 5f}F . qmflGtsf/Lx?sf] r'gfjL
df]rf{ agfP/ hfG5f},F :jtGq?kdf b]z /
hgtfsf] k|ltlglwTj ug]{ JolQmsf] ;xof]u
lnG5f}F / pgLx?nfO{ klg ;xof]u lbG5f}F .Æ
aGbL=====
cf]nL ;/sf/;Fu ePsf] tLg a'bF ] ;xdltdf
b]zsf] /fhgLlts ;d:ofx? jftf{ /
;+jfbaf6 ;dfwfg ug]{ ;xdlt ePsf]
t/ ;/sf/n] g]skf;Fu s'g} k/fdz{ gu/L
:yfgLo lgjf{rg 3f]if0ff u/]sf]df /f]if k|s6
u/]sf lyP .
pgn] g]skf tLg a'bF ] ;xdlt
sfof{Gjogdf k|lta4 ePsf] eGb} ;/sf/
klg tLg a'bF ] ;xdlt sfof{Gjog ug{
OdfGbf/ aGg' kg]{ atfPsf lyP eg]
;/sf/L kIfaf6 ;/sf/ tLg a'Fb]
;xdlt sfof{Gjogdf k|lta4 ePsf]
hgfpb} ^! lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nodf
ePsf g]skfsf g]tf sfo{stf{sf] d'2f
6'l+ u;s]sf] hfgsf/L lbPsf] lyof] .
;/sf/L kIfsf cg';f/ b]ze/sf lhNnf
k|zf;g sfof{nodf %&) j6f d'2f
/x]sf]df $&* j6f 6'lË;s]sf] / afFsL
(@ j6f klg clGtd r/0fdf k'us ] f]
hfgsf/L lbPsf] atfOPsf] 5 . o;}u/L,
b]ze/sf lhNnf cbfntdf /x]sf
d'2fdWo] (# j6f 6'l+ u;s]sf] afFsL
d'2fnfO{ 6'Ë\ofpg dxfGoflwjQmf
sfof{nodfkm{t\ /fo dfu ul/Psf] /
6'U+ ofpg] lbzftkm{ pGd'v ePsf] hfgsf/L
lbPsf] lyof] eg] !) j6f d'2f gsf/fTds
;"lrdf /x]sf] ;d]t hfgsf/L lbPsf]
lyof] . ;du|df e]6jftf{ ;sf/fTds /
lgisif{dn " s ePsf] atfOPsf] 5 .
;+ ; bLo=====
k| Z g – cfhsf] cfjZostf xf]
k| Z g –
zlQmzfnL g]tT[ j / cg'z ' fl;t kf6L{ .
ax; / 5nkmnnfO{ :j:y, dof{lbt,
o:tf] lrGttn] g]tT[ jsf] ljsf; x'G5
t < To;sf/0f o:tf sdhf]/LnfO{
;RofP/ dxf;lrjsf] ;xof]uL jf k"/s
aGg'' ;a}sf] a'l4dtf x'g5 ] .
#= d"n g]tT[ j / ;xfos g]tT[ jsf]
;DaGw– s k|sf08n] Ps 7fpFdf eGg'
ePsf] lyof] …xfd|f] sfd dxf;lrjnfO{
;xof]u ug'{ xf] .Ú r'gfjsf] ljifo ;fgf
ljifo xf] t/ o;sf] ckJofVof 7"nf]
eof] . vf;df kf6L{nfO{ alnof] / ;[b9[
agfpg] sfo{gLlt cfhsf] cfjZostf
xf] . qmflGt u5'{ eGg] t/ kf6L{nfO{
sdhf]/ agfpg] uNtL x'bF g} . vf;u/L
Pd;L;L ;Demf}tf kl5 g]kfndf ljb]zL
x:tIf]k tLj| aGb}5 . x:tIf]k /
if8\oGqsf qmddf y'k}| gofF–gofF n8fOF
/ df]rf{x?sf] cfjZostf kg{ ;S5 .
ax'dt / cNkdtsf ax;x?nfO{ xfdLn]
aGb ug{ ;Sg'k5{ . d'Vo lgzf;gfdf
kf6L{ qmflGt / /fli6«otf eof] eg] ;a}
;dfwfgdf Ps?ktf cfpF5 . n8fO{s + f]
df]rf{df JolQmut :jfy{x?nfO{ s]Gb|df
/fVg' x'bF g} . Ps csf{sf] ;Ddfgsf]
;+:s[ltnfO{ ljsf; ug'k{ 5{ . ;a} ldn]/
dxf;lrjnfO{ zlQmzfnL agfpg'k5{ .
JolQmnfO{ xf]Og ;+:yfnfO{ dha't
u/fpg]tkm{ xfdLn] ;f]Rg'k5{ . dxf;lrj,
k|jQmf, ;lrjfno, s]Gb|Lo ;ldlt kf6L{sf
;+:yfksx? x'g\ . xfdLn] ljsf; u/]sf]
;fd"lxs g]tT[ j k|0ffnLsf] cEof; xf] . gLlt
agfpg clg JofVof ug{ ;lhnf] x'g] t/
cEof; sfof{Gjog ug{ lsg ufx|f] x'g] <
cfhsf] cfjZostf xf] M ;f]kfg
qmdsf] cfwf/df g]tT[ jdfly ljZjf; /
;Ddfg u/f}+ . b'Zdg;Fusf] n8fO{d+ f
g]tT[ jsf] Pstf cfhsf] cfjZostf xf] .
r'gfjL sfo{gLltsf] ljifodf w]/} 7"nf] ljjfb
ug'k{ g{] ljifo g} lyPg . ;'?d} Ps?ktfsf]
;fy k|:t't ePsf] eP a'l4dtfk"0f{ x'g]
lyof] . km/s dt cfPs} 5}g / s]jn
k|Zg dfq p7]sf 5g\ . km/s dt g}
gcfOsg ax' d t / cNkdtsf
ckJofVofx? ug{] clwsf/ x'Fb}g .
To;sf/0f g]tT[ jsf] lx;fan] dxf;lrjnfO{
;xof]u / ;dy{g ug'{ ;a}sf] bfloTj xf] .
$= ljKnj / k| s f08sf]
g] t [ T jdf of] kf6L{ ag] s f] xf] –
d"ntM s= ljKnjsf] g]tT[ jdf of] kf6L{sf]
k'gu{7g ePsf] xf] . of] kf6L{ ;a}
qmflGtsf/Lx?sf nflu v'Nnf klg 5 .
cfpg] hfg] qmd rln/xg klg ;S5
t/ leq k;]/ kf6L{nfO{ g} Wj+z ug{]
if8\oGq :jLsfo{ x'bF g} . a:g ;lsFbg}
jf ljrf/ ldn]g eg] lzi6tfk"js { cg'zfl;t / lhDd]jf/ agfpFg eGb},
alx{udg x'g] 5'6 ;a}nfO{ x'G5 . hxfF
uof] efF8e}nf] ug{] ;+:sf/nfO{ TofUg'k5{ .
unt jf ;xL h] lg0f{o eP klg dfg]/
hfg' kf6L{ k4lt xf] . k/LIf0f jf
clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ pbok'/sf] cWoIfdf lgzfg s6\jfn
sf7df8f} F . g] k fn sDo' l g:6
kf6L{ l gs6 clvn -qmflGtsf/L_
pbok'/sf] !# cf}F lhNnf ;Dd]ngn]
lgzfg s6\jfnsf] cWoIftfdf @!
;b:oLo gofF sfo{;ldlt rog u/]sf]
5 . j}1flgs ;dfhjfbL Joj:yf /
lzIffsf] nflu xfd|f] cfGbf]ng, ;'b[9
/ h'emf? ;+u7g lgdf{0fsf nflu !#
cf}F lhNnf ;Dd]ng eGg] d"n gf/fsf
;fy laxLaf/ ;DkGg ;Dd]ngn]
pkfWoIfdf dlgif a/fO{nL, ;lrj
l;4fy{ clwsf/L, ;x;lrj kjg sfsL{
/ sf]iffWoIfdf afnf /fO{ u/L @!
hgfnfO{ ;Dd]ngn] lhNnf ;ldltdf
rog u/]sf] 5 . sfo{qmdsf k|d'v
cltly tyf g]skfsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o,
pbok'/–cf]vn9'+uf OGrfh{ ljj]s
s'dfnn] d}gaQL afn]/ sfo{qmdsf]
pb\ 3 f6g u/] s f lyP . pgn]
sfo{qmddf af]Nb} clxn]sf] /fli6«o
/fhgLltnfO{ ;d]6]/ g]kfndf ePsf]
bf]xf]/f] rl/qsf] lzIff k|0ffnLnfO{ cGTo
u/]/ gofF hgjfbL lzIff /fHon] ;'rf?
u/f];\ eGb} hgcfGbf]ng lbj;sf]
pknIodf z'esfdgf lbPsf lyP .
b]z}el/ cfˆgf] kf6L{n] sfo{qmd
hgkqsf/ ;+u7g tfKn]hª' åf/f kqsf/ dxf;+3nfO{ 1fkgkq Û
sf7df8f}F . hgkqsf/ ;+u7g
tfKn]h'ªn] g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3
tfKn]hª' nfO{ ^ a'bF ] 1fkgkq a'emfPsf]
5 . ;f] ;+u7gsf cWoIf t]hs'df/
a/fO{nLsf] g]t[Tjdf uPsf] 6f]nLn]
zfvfsf cWoIf cfgGb uf}tdnfO{
sfo{sIfdf k'uL 1fkgkq a'emfPsf] xf] .
;Dk"0f{ kqsf/x?sf] ;femf ;+:yf g]kfn
kqsf/ dxf;+3nfO{ yk dof{lbt,
hgkqsf/ ;+u7gn] 1fkgkq a'emfPsf]
;+u7gsf cWoIf t]hs'df/ a/fO{nLn]
atfP . 1fkgkqdf, >dhLlj
kqsf/x?sf] Go"gtd kfl/>lds,
@)&* ;fn r}t @& ut] cfOtaf/
cfof]hgf u/]sf] / pbok'/df klg
clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ sf] lhNnf
;Dd]ng cfof]hgf u/]sfn] ;Dd]ngn]
pbok' / sf] ljBfyL{ x ?sf] ;' G b/
eljiosf] /]vf sf]g{ ;sf];\ eGg]
z'esfdgf klg lbPsf lyP . pgn]
b]zdf lbgk|ltlbg dxFuL, e|i6frf/,
sfnf]ahf/L a9\b} uPsf] eGb} To;sf]
e08fkmf]/ ug{ ljBfyL{x?nfO{ clkn
u/] . hgtfsf] b} l gs hLjgdf
cfjZostf kg]{ ufF;, afF;, skf;,
lzIff, :jf:Yo / /f]huf/Lsf] Uof/]G6L
/fHon] ug{'k5{ eg]/ cfˆgf] kf6L{n]
hgtfsf] cfjfh lnP/ ;8sdf
cfpFbf b'O{ jif{ k|ltaGw v]Kg' k/]sf]
pgsf] egfO{ lyof] . clxn] b]zdf
ljsf;sf] gfddf /fi6«3ftL Pd;L;L
bnfnx?n] ;+ ; b\ a f6 kf; u/] /
NofPsf] eGb} pgn] To;sf] lj?4df
k] z fut ;' / Iff / :yfloTjnfO{
;'lglZrtfsf nflu 7f]; kxn ug{ dfu
ul/Psf] 5 . ;fy} sf]le8sf sf/0f
/f] h uf/ u' d fPsf ;+ r f/sdL{ s f]
k'g:yf{kg, /fxt / :jf:Yo pkrf/sf
nflu kxn ug{ cfu|x ul/Psf] 5 .
1fkgkq a'emfpFb,} cWoIf t]hs'df/n]
eg], …xfdLn] ;b:ox?sf] z'l4s/0f u/L
dxf;+3nfO{ dof{lbt / lhDd]jf/L agfpg
cfu|x u/]sf 5f}F . kqsfl/tf ul//x]sf
kqsf/x/¿nfO{ ;xh / lgikIf ?kdf
;b:otf k|fKt x'g] ;'lglZrt ul/of];
eGg] dfu u/]sf 5f}F .Ú
;+u7gn] ;dfg'kflts lj1fkg
cfˆgf] kf6L{n] cfGbf]ngx? ub}{ cfPsf]
/ ljBfyL{ ;+u7gn] cu|0fL ¿kdf
cfGbf]ngdf dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]Ng
;d]t cfu|x u/] .
To:t} sfo{qmdsf cltly clvn -
qmflGtsf/L_ sf s]Gb|Lo cWoIf k|sfz
zfxLn] lg/Í'z k~rfot Joj:yfsf] lj?4
af] n ] s f] lbg hgo' 4 df ljBfyL{
cfGbf]ngaf6 ;lxb ePsf ljBfyL{x?nfO{
;DeFmb} of] @! cf}F ztfAbLdf xfd|f] b]zsf]
ljBfnox?df k9\g] lzIff ;+;f/sf
ljZjljBfnox?;Fu k|lt:kwf{ ug{ ;Sg]
lzIff gLlt /fHon] nfu" ug{' kg]{ atfP .
sfo{qmddf :jfut dGtJo l;4fy{
clwsf/Ln] /fv]sf lyP eg] sfo{qmd
;+rfng lgzfg s6\jfnn] u/]sf lyP .
sfo{ q mdsf] ;efWoIf clvn -
qmflGtsf/L_ sL s]lGb|o ;b:o hfgsL
vqLn] u/]sL lyOg\ .
k|f0ffnLnfO{ sfof{Gjog ug{ ;+:yfut
kxn ug{ cfu|x u/]sf] 5 . ;fy},
kqsf/x?sf] Ifdtf clea[l4 ug{
tflnd / k|lzIf0fsf] Joj:yf ug{ dfu
u/]sf] 5 . kqsf/x?sf] :jf:Yo aLdf,
hLjg aLdf / ;+rf/, ;fdu|Lsf] aLdf
ug]{ Joj:yf ug{ klg dfu u/]sf] 5 .
1fkgkq a'‰b}, dxf;+3 cWoIf
uf}tdn], dxf;+3 ;a} kqsf/sf] ;femf
;+:yf ePsf]n], kqsfsf] xslxts}
nflu 1fkgkq a'emfPsfn] cfk"mx¿n]
a'em]sf] atfP . cWoIf u}tdn] eg],
dxf;+3n] clxn] lhNnf zfvfsf] ejg
lgdf{0f ul//x]sf] / tTsfn cfly{s
cefjsf] rfF8} ug]{ of]hgf eP tfklg
aLdfsf] sfd cufl8 a9fpg
g;lsPn] s]xL cly{s Joj:yfkg u/L
aLdfsf] sfd cl3 a9fpg] atfP .
dxf;+3sf] cfly{s sf/f]jf/ r':t
b'¿:t /x]sf] / sf/f]af/ af/]df a'‰g,
x]g{ kg]{ ePdf zfvfsf] sf]iffWoIfn]
hlta]nf klg pknAw u/fpg ;Sg]
atfP . dxf;+3 lhNnf zfvf ;lrj
;'jf; cfrfo{n] hgkqsf/ ;+u7g
g]kfn;Fu ;xsfo{ u/]/ cl3 a9\g]
atfP . – ;'htf kGwfs

cfunfuLaf6 ;fjwfgL ckgfcf}+

ePsf] 5}g . of] l:yltdf k|ltkIfL eGg';\
jf ;/sf/ eGg';\ of] s'/fnfO{ a]jf:tf
eof] . tLg a'Fb] ;xdlt sfof{Gjog gu/L
PstkmL{ 9Ën] r'gfj hfG5' eGg' t cfˆg}
k|j[lQsf] 8Dkm' ahfpg vf]Hg'n] klg
l:ylt hl6n 5 eGg] b]lvG5 .Æ
To;}u/L, Pscsf{] k|Zgsf] hjfkmdf
k|jQmf k|sf08n] eg]sf 5g\– ækl5Nnf]
Ps8]9 jif{df b]zsf] l:ylt Psbd hh{/
ePsf] 5 . b]z oltw]/} ;+s6u|:t 5 ls
s'g} If]qdf klg ;Gtf]ifhgs l:ylt 5}g,
rfx] Tof] /fhgLlts If]q xf];\ rfx] Tof]
cfly{s, ;f+:s[lts, ;fdflhs, ;'/Iff,
z}lIfs, hghLljsf jf ljsf;sf] If]q
xf];\ ;a} If]qdf sxfnLnfUbf] l:ylt 5 .
oxL s'/fnfO{ b[li6ut u/]/ g} xfdLn] b]zsf]
kl/jt{g / hgtfsf] cfsf+Iffsf] lglDt
Pp6f ljsNk k|:t't u/]/ ;+3if{ ul//fv]sf
lyof}F . of] kf6L{sf] wf/0ff ca /fli6«o
?kdf gofF 9Ën] cufl8 a9fpg'k¥of]
eg] / g} tLg a' F b ] ;xdlt u/] /
/fhgLlts?kdf jftf{ , 5nkmn /
;+jfbaf6 zflGtk"0f{ 9Ën] ;dfwfg ug]{
eGof}F . oxL ;Gbe{df s]Gb|Lo ;ldltdf
ax; ub}{ hfFbf :yfgLo lgjf{rgnfO{ gofF
9Ën] k|of]u ug{k' 5{ eGg] lgisif{df k'u]sf
5f}F . ca o;sf lglDt ;/sf/n] 7Ls
9Ën] ;f] R of] eg] xfdL hgtfsf]
cfsf+Iff, efjgf / kf6L{sf] /fli6«o bfloTj
k"/f ug]l{ t/ nfU5f},F xfdL k/Dk/fut b[li6n]
dfq} ;f]Rg] kIfdf 5}gf}F . t/, ;/sf/n]
;f]r]g eg] km]l/ gofF 9Ën] ;f]Rg}k5{ .Æ
;Eo / d}qLk"0f{ agfpg'' kb{5 . cfh
xfd|f] g]tT[ jdfly rf}tkmL{ xdnfx? ePsf
5g\ . d] / f] ljrf/df ljKnj /
k|sf08dfly ePsf k|xf/x? of t
c1fgtf x'g\ of t if8\oGq . c1fgtfx?
IfDo x'G5g\ eg] if8\oGqx? IfDo x'bF g} g\ .
if8\oGqsf] k|efjdf sf]xL klg kf6L{ ;b:o
kg'{ x'bF g} . s]xL q'6Lx? cfj]uhGo x'G5g\
t s]xL gLr hGo÷x/]s cfGbf]ngdf
b'O' j{ 6f clt x'G5g\ – Pp6f cfqmf]z /
csf]{ 3';k}7 . 3';k}7x?n] cfGbf]ng
layf]Ngsf nflu 9'u+ f xfG5g\ . kf6L{n]
n8\ eGbf n8\bg} g\ t/ gn8\ eGbf n8\5'
eG5g\ . cfhsf] d'Vo k|Zg g]tT[ j /
ljrf/sf] /Iff clg ljsf;sf] k|Zg xf] .
ljKnjsf] hGd k|ltqmflGtsf lj?4
qmflGtsf] Hjf/ef6faf6 ePsf] xf] .
k|ltaGw # a'bF ] ;xdlt / r'gfjsf]
k|of]usf sbdx?df Pp6f ;+ult 5 .
# a'bF ] ;xdltdf b]vfPsf] s'zntf pRr
k|sf/sf] 5 / To;nfO{ pknlAwsf ?kdf
;+Zn]if0f ug{ ;Sg'k5{ . lxhf] k|ltaGwsf]
a]nfdf g]tT[ jnfO{ ef}lts ?kd} l;Wofpg]
if8\oGqx? ePsf lyP eg] cfh
/fhgLlts ?kdf l;Wofpg] xdnfx?
ePsf 5g\ . kf6L{leq klg To;sf
k|efjx? b]lvg'' x'bF g} . cljZjf; /
cfz+sfx?nfO{ w]/} a9\g lbg'' x'bF g} . cfkm}F
r'gfjdf efu lng] af6f] vf]Ng] clg
efu lng]nfO{ sf/afxL klg u5f}F{ eGg]
of] s:tf] cj}1flgs ts{ xf] < lg0f{o jf
;xdltdf OdfGbf/Ltf b]lvg'k¥of] . cGo
cEof;d} guO{ s'g} klg lg0f{o ;xL jf
unt k|dfl0ft x'bF g} . To;sf/0f xfd|f]
kf6L{sf] hLjgdf alxisf/sf] cEof;
w]/} k6s ePsf] 5 . clxn] k|of]usf]
lg0f{o ePsf] 5 / of] k/LIf0fsf qmddf
5 . lxhf] h:t} Pstfa4 ?kdf lgDg sf/0faf6 cfunfuL x'g;S5–
k|of]udf xfdkmfNg' a'l4dfgL x'G5 . ;xL
jf unt h] eP klg To;sf] ;dLIff /
;+Zn]if0f eljiodf x'g] g} 5 . Oltxf;
Ø cfuf]sf] k|of]udf xf]l;of/L gckgfpFbf .
jf ljutsf] cfwf/df cfkm\gf wf/0ff
gagfp . g]kfnLdf Pp6f pvfg 5 Ø k|HHjngzLn j:t'sf] plrt k|of]u gubf{,
…cf]uN' 6fn] xfg]sf] s's/' lah'nL rlDsFbf
tl;{G5Ú . xfdLdf gxf}F / cf]uN' 6f /
lah'nLsf] e]b 5'6o\ fpg ;sf}F . g]kfnL
Ø x'/L atf; rNbf,
/fhgLltdf k|r08n] u/]sf] uNtL;Fu
ljKnjnfO{ t'ngf gu/f}F .
Ø k|of]ukl5 cfuf]sf] plrt Joj:yfkgdf nfk/afxL ubf{,
%= ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] cGTosf
nflu r' g fjsf] k| o f] u M bnfn Ø r6\ofª kbf{ tyf lah'nLsf tf/ ;6{ x'bF f .
;+;bLo Joj:yflj?4sf] ;+3if{nfO{ yk
prfOdf k'¥ofpg] p2]Zosf nflu
r'gfjsf] k|of]usf] lg0f{o ePsf] 5 .
To;}n,] ;r]t /xf},+ cfunfuLaf6 arf}+ / arfcf}+ .
;a} qmflGtsf/L, k|ultzLn, b]zeQm
/ ;Rrf nf]stGqjfbL zlQmx?nfO{
w|j' Ls/0f ug{] p2]Zosf nflu klg
r'gfjdf hfg' k/]sf] xf] . To;sf/0f
r'gfjnfO{ k|of]u ugf{;fy ;+;bLo
Joj:yfnfO{ :jLsfg{] sfd eof] eGg]
e|d 5g'{ x'bF g} .
p2]Zo :ki6 ePg eg] alx:sf/n]
klg ;+;b\jfbdf km;fpF5 . p2]Zodf
k|i6 ePdf k|of]uaf6 klg ;+3if{ /
k|lt/f]w x'G5 . km]l/ klg of] tTsflns
g] k fn ;/sf/

lj1fkg af]8{
o;}u/L, aLaL;sf] r'gfj k|of]u /fi6«jfbL ;d"xnfO{ r'gfjdf ;xof]u u5f}+ { / sfo{gLlts k|Zg xf] . Ps?ktfsf
eg]sf] s] xf] eGg] k|Zgsf] hjfkm lbFb} eGg ;Sg] t/ kf6L{leqsf ;b:o p7] ;fy ljifonfO{ a'emf}F . j:t'nfO{ l9nf
k|jQmf k|sf08n] eg]sf 5g\– ær'gfj sf/afxL u5f}F{ eGg] of] s'g ts{ xf] < oL a' e m\ g ' , ga' e m\ g ' a/fa/ x' G 5 .
k|of]u eg]sf] ;/sf/;Fu tLg a'bF' ] ;Demf}tf JofVofx?df ;+ult 5}g . aflx/ pbf/tf ;r]ttfk"j{s ;a} Psl9Ssf eP/
u/]/ Pp6f gofF df]rf{ vf]n]sf] xf] . of] t/ leq cg'b' f/tf / cf+zsf lsg < s] r'gfjnfO{ k|of]u u/f}F .
If]Kof:q k|sfzg s]Gb|åf/f k|sflzt, ;Dkfbs M /fh]Gb|k|;fb lrdf}l/of, sfof{no M yfkfufpF, sf7df8f}F, df]afOn M (*$!$)#*%!,
E-mail : chhepyastra@gmail.com,website: www.janakhabar.com d'bs
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