CHAPTER ONE

Introduction and Principles of Prestressed and

Precast Concrete Structures

Materials and Applications

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 TOPIC OUTCOMES:

1. Describe materials used in prestressed and precast

structure
2. Describe the application of prestressed and precast
structure

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 MATERIALS
Main materials used in prestressed and precast concrete;

Concrete
Two Main
Materials
Tendon & Steel Reinforcement

Non-Cementitious Material

Structural Steel, Bolt and Nuts

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 Concrete

Prestressing requires higher concrete grade due to:

• To accept stress and distress
• To avoid large deformation
• Large deformation will lead to loses
• Commercial anchorage for prestressing steel always designed on
the basis of high strength concrete/ Weaker concrete either will
require special anchorage or may fail under the application of pre-
stress.

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 Concrete

BS 8110 : Part 1 : 1997 Clause 4.1.8.1

Minimum characteristic strength of concrete (fcu):
– 40 N/mm2 for pre-tensioned
– 35 N/mm2 for post-tensioned
Minimum concrete strength at transfer (fci)
– 25 N/mm2 for pre-tensioned & post-tensioned
Concrete Grade Concrete Strength Class:
Example C25/30, C32/40, C40/50

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 Concrete-Compressive Strength

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 Concrete-Compressive Strength

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 Concrete-Tensile Strength

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 Concrete-Elastic Deformation

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 Tendon & Steel Reinforcement

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 Tendon & Steel Reinforcement

Wire Strands Bars Tendons

Pre-stressing wire is a Two, three or seven A tendon can be made A group of strands or
single unit made of steel wires are wound to up of a single steel bar. wires are wound to form
form a pre-stressing The diameter of a bar is a pre-stressing tendon
strand much larger than that of
a wire

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 Tendon & Steel Reinforcement
Common shapes of prestressing tendons

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 Tendon & Steel Reinforcement

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 APPLICATIONS
Prestressed concrete is used in :

■ Buildings
■ Underground Structures
■ Towers
■ Water Storage
■ Offshore Structures
■ Numerous types of bridge system including
cable stayed and segmental bridges
■ Nuclear reactor vessels

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 Buildings

Palazzo Italia
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 Bridges
The Palm Jumeirah Monorail
Transit Project, Dubai, the UAE

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 Water/Oil Storage

Mizusawa Egg-shaped Digester,

Iwate Prefecture (Sludge Treatment).

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 Towers

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 Underground Structure

Under ground Drainage

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 REFERENCES

1. Lecture Slide, Dr Goh Lyn Dee, UiTM Pulau Pinang

2. Lecture Slide, Ir Afiffudin, UiTM Pulau Pinang
3. Lecture Slide, Assoc Prof Baderul Hisham Ahmad, UTM
Skudai

DON’T FORGET YOUR ENTRY SURVEY!!! TQ..

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