UMZFSFRFZDM
Hvmiujfúg.
Hi tærdfgm pmsftfvfsdm buh utfifzlcm pmr prfdhrl vhz pmr hi bfiúsmbm y dlthdìtfjm brlgjæs chi sfoim QFQ
 Luousth Jmdth, phrm liougms
liougms ch ims jmgjhptms
jmgjhptms pmsftfvfstls
pmsftfvfstls sh rhdmgtlg
rhdmgtlg li bfiúsmbm
bfiúsmbm krftìgfjm Clvfc Audh,
li bfiúsmbm brlgjæs Zlfgt-Zfdmg, y li bfiúsmbm lihdìg Fddlguhi @lgt.
Jmdth hifofú il plilkrl pmsftfvfsdm smkrh il klsh ch quh shülilkl il rhlifclc y thgchgjfl jmgstrujtfvl

quh
vfcl æi rhjildú
smjfli plrlplrl hi lsphjtm
hi kfhg thúrfjm ch liltrlvæs
ch il audlgfclc cmjtrfgl.
chiHg ohghrli, sh jfhgtäbfjm,
jmgmjfdfhgtm fgthrhsú pmr il rhmrolgfzljfúg
y pmr ch il
hstl väl, chi jmgtrmi
ch ils buhrzls glturlihs. Ims cms jmdpmghgths prfgjfplihs chi pmsftfvfsdm, il bfimsmbäl y hi Omkfhrgm (m
prmorldl ch jmgcujtl fgcfvfculi y smjfli), buhrmg dìs tlrch ugfbfjlcms pmr Jmdth hg ug tmcm klnm il
jmgjhpjfúg ch ugl rhifofúg, hg il juli il audlgfclc hrl hi mknhtm ch juitm. Gudhrmsms cfsjäpuims ch
Jmdth rhjalzlrmg, gm mkstlgth, ljhptlr hsth chslrrmiim rhifofmsm ch su phgsldfhgtm, pmrquh plrhjäl
jmgtrlchjfr il bfimsmbäl pmsftfvfstl mrfofgli. Dujals ch ils cmjtrfgls ch Jmdth buhrmg dìs tlrch lclptlcls
Zphgjhr.  
y chslrrmiilcls pmr ims bfiúsmbms smjflihs krftìgfjms Nmag Ztulrt Dfii y Ahrkhrt Zphgjhr. 

Hi pmsftfvfsdm l ugl hstrujturl m sfsthdl ch jlrìjthr bfimsúbfjm

bfimsúb fjm quh hstì klslcm hg hi dætmcm hxphrfdhgtli
y quh sh jlrljthrfzl pmr rhjalzlr ils jrhhgjfls ugfvhrslihs y ils gmjfmghs. Chsch il phrsphjtfvl ch ims
pmsftfvfstls, il þgfjl jilsh ch jmgmjfdfhgtms quh rhsuitl vìifcl hs hi ch jlrìjthr jfhgtäbfjm, hi juli suroh
ch rhspliclr ils thmräls trls il lpifjljfúg chi dætmcm jfhgtäbfjm. Hi chslrrmiim chi pmsftfvfsdm hstì vfgjuilcm
l ils jmgshjuhgjfls ch il [hvmiujfúg
[hvmiujf úg Brlgjhsl, quh trlgsbmrdú
trlgsbmrd ú li shr audlgm y l il smjfhclc hg mknhtms
ch hstucfm jfhgtäbfjm

Jmgsfsth hg gm lcdftfr jmdm vìifcms jfhgtäbfjldhgth mtrms jmgmjfdfhgtms, sfgm ims quh prmjhchg ch il
hxphrfhgjfl, rhjalzlgcm, pmr tlgtm, tmcl gmjfúg l prfmrf y tmcm jmgjhptm ugfvhrsli y lksmiutm. Hi ahjam hs
il þgfjl rhlifclc jfhgtäbfjl, y il hxphrfhgjfl y il fgcujjfúg, ims dætmcms hxjiusfvms ch il jfhgjfl.

Luoustm Jmdth (<?61-<18?).

Bfiúsmbm pmsftfvfstl brlgjæs, y ugm ch ims pfmghrms ch il smjfmimoäl. Gljfú
hg Dmgtphiifhr hi <6 ch hghrm ch <?61. Chsch duy thdprlgl hclc
rhjalzú hi jltmifjfsdm trlcfjfmgli y tldkfæg ils cmjtrfgls dmgìrqufjls.

Curlgth liougms
Jiluch Ahgrf ch lüms buh shjrhtlrfm
[muvrmy, jmgch chplrtfjuilr chi thúrfjm
Zlfgt-Zfdmg, smjflifstl
juyl fgbiuhgjfl
quhclräl rhbihnlcl hg liougls ch sus mkrls.

Jmgbmrdh l mkthghr ugl rhspuhstl l il rhvmiujfúg jfhgtäbfjl, pmiätfjl h

fgcustrfli ch su tfhdpm, Jmdth mbrhjäl ugl rhmrolgfzljfúg fgthihjtuli, dmrli y pmiätfjl chi mrchg smjfli.
 Lcmptlr ugl
ugl ljtftuc
ljtftuc jfhgtäbfjl
jfhgtäbfjl hrl il jilvh, lsä
lsä im phgslkl,
phgslkl, ch juliqufhr
juliqufhr rhjmgstrujjfúg.
rhjmgstrujjfúg.

 Lbfrdlkl quh, chi hstucfm hdpärfjm chi prmjhsm afstúrfjm,

afstúrfjm, hg hsphjfli ch il prmorhsfúg
prmorhsfúg ch cfvhrsls
cfvhrsls jfhgjfls
fgthrrhiljfmglcls, sh chsprhgcäl ugl ihy quh chgmdfgú ch ims trhs hstlcfms y quh rfoh hi chslrrmiim ch il
audlgfclc. Lglifzú hstms hstlcms hg su vmiudfgmsl mkrl Jursm ch bfimsmbäl pmsftfvl (<1:5-<13;).

Il Ihy ch ims trhs Hstlcms. 

Zhoþg Jmdth, ims jmgmjfdfhgtms plslg pmr trhs hstlcms thúrfjms cfstfgtms, tlgtm hg hi fgcfvfcum jmdm hg
il hsphjfh audlgl. Il ihy ch ims trhs hstlcms, bugcldhgtm ch il bfimsmbäl pmsftfvl, hs, l il vhz, ugl thmräl
chi jmgmjfdfhgtm y ugl bfimsmbäl ch il afstmrfl. Hstms trhs hstlcms sh iildlg>  
 

<. Hstlcm Shmiúofjm>

Hg hsth hstlcm, prhcmdfgl il fdlofgljfúg, y jmrrhspmgch l il fgblgjfl ch il audlgfclc. Il dhgth kusjl

ils jlusls y ims prfgjfpfms ch ils jmsls, im dìs prmbugcm, ihnlgm h fglshqufkih. Aly hg æi trhs blshs
cfstfgtls>

Bhtfjafsdm> phrsmgfbfjlg ils jmsls y sh ihs ltrfkuyh ug pmchr dìofjm m cfvfgm.

Umifthäsdm> il lgfdljfúg hs rhtfrlcl ch ils jmsls dlthrflihs plrl trlsilclril l ugl shrfh ch cfvfgfclchs,
jlcl ugl ch ils julihs prhshgtl ug orupm ch pmchrhs> ils louls, ims räms, ims kmsquhs, htj.

Dmgmthäsdm> il blsh suphrfmr, hg quh tmcms hsms pmchrhs cfvfgms quhclg rhugfcms y jmgjhgtrlcms hg
ugm iildlcm Cfms.

;. Hstlcm Dhtlbäsfjm>

Hs ugl htlpl fgthrdhcfl hgtrh hi hstlcm thmiúofjm y hi pmsftfvm, ugl hsphjfh ch jrfsfs ch pukhrtlc hg hi
hspärftu audlgm, lgths ch iiholr l il lcuithz. Fgthgtl hxpifjlr il glturlihzl ch ims shrhs, su hshgjfl, sus
jlusls.

:. Hstlcm Umsftfvm>
Kusjl súim ahjams y sus ihyhs. Ltfhgh l im pmsftfvm, l im quh hstì puhstm m clcm> hs il bfimsmbäl chi cltm.
[hgugjfl l im quh hs vlgm fgthgtlr jmgmjhr, y kusjl súim ils ihyhs ch ims bhgúdhgms.

Urìjtfjl hcujltfvl hg rhiljfúg jmg hi pmsftfvfsdm

Al puhstm ægblsfs hg ims ahjams chdmstrlkihs, hg il rhlifclc hdpärfjl. Hi liudgm chkh jmgmjhr hsms
ahjams, hsl rhlifclc quh hxfsth buhrl ch sä dfsdm, ch dmcm mknhtfvm, y hi cmjhgth hstì mkifolcm l
mbrhjhrihs il pmsfkfifclc ch ljjhchr l hsms jmgmjfdfhgtms l trlvæs ch su rlzúg y sus shgtfcms, lyuclcm
pmr ils hstrlthofls dhtmcmiúofjls jfhgtäbfjls.

Hi pmsftfvfsdm jmgtrfkuym hg orlg dlghrl l il hcujljfúg, al lpmrtlcm l il jmgstrujjfúg chi jmgmjfdfhgtm

jfhgtäbfjm hsth pugtm ch vfstl vfgm l sustftufr l il hsjmiìstfjl, tldkfæg jmgtrfkuyú l il hcujljfúg ilfjl y
jmhcujljfúg.
Hg Jmstl [fjl Dlurm Bhrgìgchz buh cfsjäpuim fgthihjtuli ch Ahrkhrt Zphgshr pmsftfvfstl fgoiæs.
fgoi æs. Bhrgìgchz
Bhrgìgch z
sfhgcm dfgfstrm ch hcujljfúg chslrrmiiú ugl rhbmrdl hcujltfvl il juli buh hgbmjlcl klnm il fchl chi
prmorhsm, sustftuyú ils dlthrfls ch [hifofúg y ch Afstmrfl Zlorlcl pmr jursms ch Ohmorlbäl Xgfvhrsli h
Afstmrfl. Zh cl hi jfhrrh ch il Xgfvhrsfclc ch Zlgtm Smdls lroudhgtlgcm quh sh aljäl hg prm ch ims
lvlgjhs jfhgtäbfjms.

Dhtmcmimoäl cfcìjtfjl trlcfjfmgli l klsh ch rhphtfjfúg m dhdmrfzljfúg. Urmpmgh ugl hgshülgzl ljtfvl

hg il quh hi liudgm chkh shr su prmpfm jmgstrujtmr chi lprhgcfzlnh, yl quh puhch pilgthlrsh afpúthsfs y
prhougtls plrl fgclolr ljhrjl ch ils pmsfkihs
pmsfkih s rhspuhstls. Smdl hg juhgtl þgfjldhgth il sftuljfúg ljtuli
phrjfkfcl y gm ils hxphrfhgjfls lgthrfmrhs chi sunhtm.
Ulphi chi cmjhgth>  Mrfhgtlr il jmgcujtl hg klsh l rhiljfmghs quh dmtfvhg li liudgm l rhsmivhr
sftuljfmghs prmkihdìtfjls.