individualuri dacvis saSualebebi

1. individualuri dacvis saxeebi

momuSaveze saSiSi da mavne sawarmoo faqtorebis zemoqmedebis Tavidan

asacileblad an Sesamcireblad gamoiyeneba individualuri dacvis
saSualebebi. damsaqmebeli valdebulia sakuTari saxsrebiT SeiZinos da
droebiTi sargeblobisaTvis gadasces momuSaveebs Sromis pirobebis
Sesabamisi individualuri dacvis saSualebebi.
momuSave valdebulia sworad moixmaros da gaufrTxildes masze gacemul
individualuri dacvis saSualebebs.
individualuri dacvis saSualeba unda Seesabamebodes momuSavis sqess,
simaRles, zomebs, agreTve momuSavis Sromis xasiaTsa da pirobebs.
damsaqmebelma organizeba unda gaukeTos individualuri dacvis
saSualebebis aRricxvisa da momuSaveebze maTi saTanado vadebSi gacemis
kontrols. individualuri dacvis saSualebebis gamoyenebis vadebis aTvla
xdeba momuSaveze maTi faqtiurad gacemis dRidan.
individualuri dacvis saSualebebi, romlebic gankuTvnilia gansakuTrebul
tem-peraturul pirobebSi gamosayeneblad, momuSaveebs unda gadaeces wlis
Sesabamisi periodis dadgomisas, xolo misi damTavrebisas unda Cabardes
damsaqmebels da organizebulad moxdes SenaxvaSemdeg sezonamde.
individualuri dacvis saSualebebis (respiratorebi, airwinaRebi,
TviTmaSvelebi, Cafxutebi) gacemisas, romelTa gamoyeneba momuSavisagan
moiTxovs garkveul Cvevebs, damsaqmebelma unda uzrunvelyos momuSaveTa
instruqtaJis Catareba individualuri dacvis saSualebebis gamoyenebis
wesebis, maTi gamarTulobis Semowmebis martivi meTodebis Sesaxeb.
damsaqmebelma sakuTari saxsrebiT unda uzrunvelyos individualuri
dacvis saSualebebis saTanado movla da Senaxva, drouli qimwmenda,
recxva, degazacia, dezaqtivacia, dezinfeqcia, gauvnebleba, gaumtverianeba,
Sroba, agreTve remonti da Secvla.
mavne- da saSiSpirobebian samuSaoebze dakavebul momuSave personalze,
dadgenili normebiT, unda gaices spectansacmeli, fexsacmeli da dacvis sxva
saSualebebi.
samuSaoebze, sadac savaraudoa kanis gaWuWyianeba mavne siTxeebiT an
nivTierebebiT, xmaroben Camosaban gasauvnebel saSualebebs. samuSao

1
pirobebidan gamomdinare, momuSaveebze gaicema damcavi qamrebi, Rvedebi,
CaCqani, dieleqtrikuli xelTaTmani, xaliCa, rezinis kaloSebi, botebi,
damcavi saTvale, Suqfiltrebi, niRabi, samklaveebi, airwinaRi, muzaradi,
xmaurdamcavi yursasmeni da mayuCi, mavne da saSiSi sawarmoo faqtorebisagan
damcavi sxva specialuri mowyobilobebi.
sanitariuli normebis Tanaxmad mavne da saSiSi sawarmoo faqtorebisagan
damcavi saSualebebi daniSnulebis mixedviT daiyofa Semdeg jgufebad:
• maizolirebeli tansacmeli;
• sasunTqi organoebis dacvis saSualebebi;
• specialuri damcavi tansacmeli;
• specialuri fexsacmeli;
• xelis dacvis saSualebebi;
• Tavis dacvis saSualebebi;
• saxis dacvis saSualebebi;
• Tvalis dacvis saSualebebi;
• smenis organoebis dacvis saSualebebi;
• damcavi dermatologiuri saSualebebi.
individualuri dacvis saSualebebis efeqturi gamoyeneba damokidebulia
maT sworad arCevaze da eqspluataciaze. individualuri dacvis saSualebebis
arCevisas saWiroa gaTvaliswinebul iqnes sawarmoo procesebis konkretuli
pirobebi, specifika, momuSavis individualuri Tvisebebi, mavne da saSiSi
faqtorebis zemoqmedebis xangrZlivoba.

2.specialuri damcavi tansacmeli

damcavi tansacmlis daniSnulebaa adamianis dacva mavne da saSiSi,

meqanikuri, qimiuri da meteorologiuri faqtorebisagan.
specialuri damcavi tansacmlis (spectansacmlis) konstruqciam unda
uzrunvelyos efeqturi dacva, eqspluataciis dros unda iyos moxerxebuli,
tansacmlis SigniT kanis sunTqvisaTvis Seqmnas normaluri mikroklimati,
kanis zedapiridan moaxdinos Warbi naxSirmJavas moSoreba. spectansacmlis
ventilacia xorcieldeba qsovilis kargi haergamtarobis da tansacmelSi
specialuri saventilacio naxvretebis xarjze.

2
spectansacmlisaTvis gankuTvnili qsovili unda xasiaTdebodes mkvrivi
struqturiT, sakmarisi sisqiT, cveTisa da gaglejisadmi sakmao mdgradobiT.
spectansacmlis cveTamdgradobis gasazrdelad, sadac meqanikuri cveTis
faqtori maRalia _ mxrebTan, idayvebTan, muxlebTan, gaTvaliswinebulia
qsovilis ormagi fenebi, saamortizacio sadebi. maTi daniSnulebaa saxsrebis
dacva travmebisagan.
maRali temperaturebis pirobebSi spectansacmlis qsovili unda
xasiaTdebodes higienuri TvisebebiT _ haergamtarobiT, higroskopulobiT,
aorTqlebis unariT. bambis qsovili sxvasTan SedarebiT uzrunvelyofs
kanidan tenis aorTqlebas. Salis qsovili 2-jer met tens STanTqavs vidre
bambis qsovili da xasiaTdeba sakmarisi cecxlmedegobiT.
gamdnari liTonis naperwklebisa da Sxefebisagan dasacavad warmatebiT
gamoiyeneba metalizirebuli qsovilebi. mtvergaumtari spectansacmeli unda
iyos Sekerili mWidro da mkvrivi qsovilisagan.
qsovilis wyalgaumtarobis gasazrdelad xdeba misi damuSaveba saJRenTi
xsnarebiT. wylisagan dasacavad gamoiyeneba polimeruldanafariani
winsafrebi.
mJavadamcavi TvisebebiT xasiaTdeba qimiurad mdgradi sinTezuri boWkoebi _
lavsani, poliuretani da sxv.

cxrili #14

sxvadasxva sawarmoo pirobebSi gamoyenebuli spectansacmeli

spectansacmlis dasaxeleba
damcavi Tvisebebi da
normatiuli dokumentaciis
konstruqciuli Taviseburebani
miTiTebiT
1 2
meqanikuri zemoqmedebisa da icavs meqanikuri zemoqmedebisagan,
sawarmoo dabinZurebisagan dacva wylisa da tutisagan, qsovili _
mamakacis tansacmeli, ГОСТ -27653-88 cveTamedegi.

3
 icavs meqanikuri
qalis tansacmeli, ГОСТ -27651-88 zemoqmedebisagan, wylisa da
tutisagan, qsovili _
cveTamedegi.
mamakacis da qalis xalaTebi icavs meqanikuri
zemoqmedebisagan, mJavebisagan.
gamoiyeneba saSemduReblo
mamakacis tansacmeli,
samuSaoebis dros. damzadebulia
ТУ 17-08-237-85
siTboamreklavi,
naperwkaldamcavi masalisagan.
maRali temperaturebisagan Udacva. damzadebulia bambis
mamakacis da qalis tansacmeli qsovilisagan; qurTuki
ГОСТ -12.4.044-87 aRWurvilia sahaero naxvretebiT;
ГОСТ -12.4.045-87 Sarvali da qurTuki ormagi
sarCuliT; gamoiyeneba (2,1-
3,5)∙103vt/m2 da 14,0∙103vt/m2) Tburi
dasxivebis dros.
dabali temperaturisagan dacva. qarisa da atmosferuli
mamakacis naxevarqurqi, ГОСТ -4432-71 naleqebisagan dasacavad. mzaddeba
cxvris bewvisagan.
qalis tansacmeli, ГОСТ -12.4.088-80 gamoiyeneba dabali
temperaturisa
(-450C-mde) da Zlieri qaris
(5 m/wm-ze meti) pirobebSi.
mtvrisagan dacva. Sedgeba qurTukis, Sarvlisa da
mamakacis da qalis tansacmeli, Tavsaburavisagan, mzaddeba bambis
ГОСТ -12.4.086-80, ГОСТ -12.4.085-80 qsovilisa da gaJRenTili
tilosagan.
qalis kombinizoni, ГОСТ -12.4.099-80 ixmareba muzaradTan erTad;
mzaddeba wyaldamcavi
qsovilisagan.
wylisagan dacva Sedgeba qurTukis, Sarvlis,
spectansacmeli, ГОСТ 27643-88 kombinizonisa da Tavis dacvis

4
 saSualebisagan; mzaddeba
wyalgaumtari qsovilisagan.

mamakacis tansacmeli, ТУ 17-08-249- icavs wylisagan da

86 zedapirulaqtiuri nivTierebebis
xsnarebisagan; mzaddeba
wyalmedegi masalisagan.
mJavebis da tuteebis 80%-iani mJavisgan dasacavad
wyalxsnarebisa-gan dacva. gamoiyeneba naxevarSalis, maudis
mamakacis da qalis tansacmeli mJavadamcavi qsovili; 50-60%-iani
ГОСТ 27652-88 da ГОСТ 27654-88 wyalxsnarisagan dasacavad
maudis qsovili; 20-25%-iani _
lavsan-bambis qsovili; 18%-mde
wyalxsnarisagan dasacavad _
moleskini.
mamakacis da qalis tansacmeli, 20%-iani tutis wyalxsnarisagan
ГОСТ 27653-88 da ГОСТ 27651-88 dasacavad. gamoiyeneba
gaJRenTili selisagan
damzadebuli qurTukebi da
Sarvlebi.
dacva navTobisagan, navTobproduq- damzadebulia bambis
tebisagan, zeTebisagan da cximebi- qsovilisagan (wyalgaumtari
sagan. gaJRenTviT); kombinirebuli
mamakacis tansacmeli, ГОСТ 12.4.111-92 qsovili afskuri danafariT;
qalis tansacmeli, ГОСТ 12.4.112-92 wyalgaumtari, kapronis boWko.

3.sasunTqi organoebis dacvis saSualebebi

sasunTqi organoebis dacvis saSualebebia: samrewvelo respiratorebi,

airwinaRebi, maizolirebeli sasunTqi aparatebi. maTi daniSnulebaa
adamianebis dacva mavne aerozolebis, airebis, orTqlis zemoqmedebisagan, Tu
samuSao garemoSi maTi Semcveloba aRemateba zRvrul dasaSveb
koncentracias.

5
 moqmedebis principis mixedviT sasunTqi organoebis individualuri dacvis
saSualeba SeiZleba iyos:
_ mfiltravi, romelSic mavne minarevebis STanTqma xdeba filtrebiT an
sorbentebiT;
_ maizolirebeli saSualeba, romelSic sasunTqi organoebi izolirebulia
saTavsis sahaero garemosgan da sunTqvisaTvis saWiro haeri miewodeba
balonidan.
mfiltravi respiratori da airwinaRi moixmareba im SemTxvevaSi, Tu
Jangbadis Semcveloba atmosferoSi sakmarisia (19 moc.%). maTi gamoyeneba
dauSvebelia ZneladmisaRwev saTavsebSi, daxurul-daxSul sivrceSi (Wa,
milgayvaniloba da sxv.), aseve avariul situaciebSi, rodesac ucnobia
samuSao garemoSi mavne nivTierebis Semcveloba. mfiltravi airwinaRi ГЛ-5
SemuSavebuli da gaTvaliswinebuli iyo birTvuli afeTqebis dros
warmoqmnili faqtorebisagan dasacavad. magram rogorc mogvianebiT
(Cernobilis atomur eleqtrosadgurze katastrofis dros da Semdeg
salikvidacio samuSaoebis Catarebisas) gairkva, ГЛ-5-is korpusSi aRwevda
radiaqtiuli mtveri. mogvianebiT SemuSavebul iqna ufro srulyofili
modifikacia ГП-7 da ГП-7ВМ. am modifikaciis airwinaRis niRabi М-80 iZleva
saSualebas airwinaRis mouxsnelad, didi sizustiT Catardes samuSaoebi
optikur xelsawyoebTan. magram airwinaRi ГП-7 ar icavs mxuTavi airisagan,
amitom mis kompleqtaciaSi damatebiT gaTvaliswinebulia 20 gramiani
gopkalitis vazna, romelic uzrunvelyofs CO-sagan dacvas 80 wuTis
ganmavlobaSi.
cxrilSi #15 warmodgenilia ГП-5 da ГП-7-is dacviTi moqmedebis
xangrZlivoba wuTebSi dagazianebis da dakvamlianebis pirobebSi
cxrili #15
ГП-5, ГП-7
qimiuri nivTierebebis koncentracia, ГП-5, ГП-
vaznis
dasaxeleba mg/l 7 vazniT
gareSe
amiaki 5 ar icavs 60
qlori 5 40 100
gogirdwyalbadi 10 25 50
marilmJava 5 20 30

6
 nitrobenzoli 5 40 70
fenoli 0,2 200 800

maizolirebeli Slangiani da avtonomiuri sasunTqi aparatebi

uzrunvelyofen momuSaves sasunTqi haeriT da gamoiyeneba atmosferoSi
Jangbadis Semcvelobisagan damoukideblad. maiozolirebeli airwinaRi ИП-5
icavs nebismieri koncentraciis airadi qimiuri nivTierebebisagan. daxurul
sivrceSi usafrTxo samuSaoebis warmarTvisaTvis, rodesac SeiZleba
dagrovdes mavne airadi nivTierebebi koncentraciiT 0,5% da meti da
Jangbadis SemcvelobiT 16%-ze naklebi, gamoiyeneba ПШ-1Б, ПШ-20РВ, ПШ-40РВ
markebis Slanguri airwinaRebi (Slangis sigrZe 10, 20, 40 metri, damcavi
qamriT da sasignalo _ samaSvelo trosiT).
mfiltravi tipis mowyobilobebs miekuTvneba aerozolsawinaaRmdego da
mtversawinaaRmdego respiratorebi.
aerozolsawinaaRmdego respiratorebi Sedgeba gaWuWyianebuli haeris
gasawmendi erTjeradi an mravaljeradi moxmarebis filtrisagan. didi
popularobiT sargeblobs aerozolsawinaaRmdego respiratori ШБ-1
«Лепесток». aRniSnuli respiratorebi gamoiyeneba sasunTqi organoebis
dasacavad mtver-kvaml-nislSemcvel aerozolebisagan. mavne airebisagan da
orTqlisagan haeris gawmenda xorcieldeba fizikur-qimiuri procesebiT _
absorbciiT, qemosorbciiT, kataliziT, aerozolebisagan _ boWkovan masalaSi
filtraciiT.
respiratori «Астра-2» icavs momuSaves maRaldispersiuli aerozolebisagan.
respiratori Ф-62Ш gamoiyeneba samrewvelo mtvrisagan dasacavad.
respiratori У-2к icavs saSualo koncentraciebis aratoqsikuri mtvrisagan,
respiratori РП-К icavs adamians msxvil da wvrildispersiuli mtvrisagan.
universaluri respiratori РУ-60м icavs sasunTq organoebs erTdroulad
orTqlisagan, airisagan, aerozolisagan, nislisagan, roca maTi mniSvnelobebi
10-15-jer aRemateba zRvrul dasaSveb koncentraciebs.

cxrilSi warmodgenilia respiratorebis РПГ-67 da РУ-60М dacviTi qmedebis

dro, wuTebSi.

7
 cxrili #16
nivTierebis
mavne vaznis
koncentracia, РПГ-67 РУ-60М
nivTiereba marka
mg/l
benzoli А 10 60 35
gogirdwyalbadi В 2 50 30
gogirdovani
В 2 50 30
airi
vercxliswylis
Г 0,01 1200 900
oqsidi
amiaki КД 2 30 20

cxrilSi miTiTebuli airwinaRebi moixmareba zrdasruli adamianis mier.

bolo wlebSi, avariul situaciaSi farTod gamoiyeneba mfiltravi sabavSvo
ПДФ-Д, ПДФ-Ш markis airwinaRebi. Cvili bavSvebis dasacavad gamoiyeneba
xelis tumboTi aRWurvili sabavSvo-damcavi etlismagvari kamera. kameraSi
saWiro raodenobis haeri miewodeba filtris gavliT tumbos saSualebiT.
sasunTqi organoebis maizolirebeli individualuri dacvis saSualebebi
uzrunvelyofs SlangiT sufTa haeris miwodebas saxis nawilSi. is Sedgeba
niRbisagan da ori gofrirebuli milisagan. aparati qmnis sunTqvisaTvis
winaRobas, amitom misi xangrZlivi gamoyeneba dauSvebelia.
pnevmoniRabi ППМ-1 gamoiyeneba momuSaveebis sasunTqi organoebis dasacavad
liTonis Wris da SeduRebis dros gamoyofili aerozolebis, airebis da
orTqlisagan.
pnevmoniRabi ЛИЗ-5 icavs momuSaves radioaqtiuri orTqlisagan, airisagan da
aerozolisagan.

8
nax# 5. mtversawinaaRmdego respiratori (ф-62ш) ; respiratori «ТОПОЛЬ» А1
da zogadi daniSnulebis universaluri respiratori

nax.# 6. mfiltravi airwinaRi

nax. #7. respiratorebi: а-«Кама-200»; б-«снежок»; в -У-2к; г- РП-КМ; д – Ф-62Ш;

е –«Астра-2»; ж –РПГ-67; з-РУ-60М

9
nax.#8. maizolirebeli airwinaRi nax.# 9. airwinaRi ГП-5

1. xelis dacvis saSualebebi

fizikuri da qimiuri sawarmoo faqtorebis zemoqmedebam SeiZleba

gamoiwvios xelebis travmatizmi da daavadebebi.
fizikur faqtorebs miekuTvneba: mowyobilobebis zedapirebis dabali da
maRali temperatura, zedapirebis basri nawiburebi, xiwvebi, xorkliani
zedapiri, gamdnari liTonis naperwklebi, Sxefebi da sxv.
qimiuri faqtorebia _ mJavebi, tuteebi, naxSirbadis oqsidi, benzoli,
gogirdovani anhidridi, azotis oqsidebi, gamxsnelebi, navTobproduqtebi da
sxv.
manqanaTmSeneblobaSi profesiuli daavadebebis 32% modis xelebis
vibraciul daavadebebze. meqanikur saamqroebSi xSiria xelebis gaWuWyianeba
sapox-sazeT da gasacivebeli siTxeebiT. legirebuli foladis damuSavebisas,
masSi Semavali qromi da nikeli iwveven xelebis kanis alergiul daavadebebs.
galvanur saamqroebSi momuSaveebi xSirad avaddebian xelebis mtevnebis

10
egzemiT da dermatitiT. kanis mwvave daavadebebs iwvevs organuli
gamxsnelebi, epoqsiduri da sxva fisebi.
xelebis travma SeiZleba iyos Termuli damwvrobis, kanis daWris da
gaxvretis saxiT. yovelive es gaTvaliswinebuli unda iyos xelebis dacvis
saSualebebi SerCevisas.
meqanikuri zemoqmedebisagan xelebis dacvis saSualebebia:
bambis selis qsovilis kombinirebuli samklavuri, ГОСТ 12.4.010-85; bambis
qsovilis xelTaTmani, ТУ 78-421-78;
bambis qsovilis, xelisgulze porolonis amortizatoriT antivibraciuli
xelTaTmani, ГОСТ 12.4.010-85;
bambis sadebiT, tyavis xelTaTmani, ТУ 50-18-88-80;
bambis narTis trikotaJis xelTaTmani;
specialuri daniSnulebis bambis xelTaTmani, ТУ 50-3034-88;
qimiuri reagentebisagan xelebis dacvis saSualebebia:
lateqsis mJavadamcavi xelTaTmani, ТУ 38-105546-83;
dabalagresiuli xsnarebisagan damcavi rezinis xelTaTmani, ТУ 38-106243-89;
marilxsnarebisagan, wylisagan xelebis damcavi rezinis xelTaTmani,
ТУ 38-105546-82;
saSualo koncentraciis mJavebisagan, tuteebisagan, marilebisagan,
zeTebisagan, fxvieri da mSrali nivTierebebisagan damcavi rezinis
xelTaTmani, ГОСТ 20010-84;
akumulatoris mJavebisagan da tuteebisagan damcavi mJavamedegi xelTaTmani,
ГОСТ 38-206-261-80;
dabali da maRali temperaturebisagan xelebis dacvis saSualebebia:
Termuli damwvrobebisagan da dabali temperaturisagan damcavi maudis
xelTaTmani, ГОСТ 12.4.010-85;
dabali temperaturebisagan damcavi bambis xelTaTmani, ГОСТ 12.4.010-85;
maRali temperaturebisagan damcavi Salis xelTaTmani, ГОСТ 12.4.010-85;
gamdnari liTonis naperwklebisagan da Sxefebisagan damcavi brezentis
xelTaTmani, ГОСТ 12.4.010-85.
eleqtruli denis zemoqmedebisagan xelebis dacvis saSualebebia:
dieleqtruli rezinis xelTaTmani, ТУ 38-106359-89;
unakero dieleqtrikuli xelTaTmani, ТУ 38-105977-89.

11
navTobisagan da navTobproduqtebisagan xelebis dacvis saSualebebia:
navTobisagan, navTobproduqtebisagan, teqnologiuri xsnarebisagan damcavi
rezinis samklavuri, ТУ 38-106251-84;
benzinisa da mineraluri zeTebisagan damcavi xelTaTmani, ТУ 38-106346-89.

5.saxis dacvis saSualebebi

saxis dacvis saSualebebs miekuTvneba: fari TavisaTvis, muzaradi da saxis,

kisris, yurebis dasacavi kombinirebuli saSualebebi.
fiqsaciis xerxis mixedviT fari SeiZleba iyos Tavis _ H, universaluri _ У.
daniSnulebis mixedviT faris korpusis masala SeiZleba iyos uferuli _ Б,
badisebri _ С, mfiltravi _ Ф an gaumWvirvale _ Н. daniSnulebis mixedviT
farebi iyofa jgufebad:
НБТ _ fari uferuli dartymagamZle korpusiT. icavs saxes myari
nawilakebisagan, araagresiuli Sxefebisagan;
НБХ _ fari uferuli qimiuradmdgradi korpusiT. icavs saxes agresiuli
Sxefebisagan;
НС _ fari badisebri korpusiT. icavs saxes myari nawilakebisagan;
НФ _ fari Suqmfiltravi korpusiT. icavs damabrmavebel sikaSkaSisagan;
НСП _ fari badisebri korpusiT, icavs saxes infrawiTeli gamosxivebisagan;
НН _ fari aragamWvirvale korpusiT. icavs saxes ultraiisferi da
infrawiTeli gamosxivebebisagan;
РН _ xelis fari gaumWvirvale korpusiT. icavs saxes infra- da
ultraiisferi gamosxivebebisagan;
УА _ universaluri fari gaumWvirvale korpusiT, icavs saxes infra- da
ultraiisferi gamosxivebebisagan.

12

saxis damcavi individualuri saSualebebi
individualuri dacvis
dasaxe-leba, normatiuli
dokumenta-ciis nomeri
ННП-С-702у1
gaumWvirvale korpusiT, ТУ
64-1-456-76
НСП-1 badisebri korpusiT,
ТУ 64-1-1916-76
fari МИОТ-49
pnevmoSlemi ТБИОТ-9
pnevmoSlemi ТБИОТ-9
УН, ГОСТ 12,4,035-88
13
cxrili #17
damcavi Tvisebebi (teqnikuri
daxasiaTeba)
icavs burbuSelis, natexebisa da
araagresiuli siTxeebis
Sxefebisagan, korpusi _ 1,5 mm-
iani organuli mina, masa _ 285
gr.
icavs myari natexebisagan.
korpusi ormagi tripleqsis
badiT. masa 250 gr.
icavs saxes, Tvalebs, sasunTq
organoebs mtvrisagan. karkasi
liTonis, kapiuSoni mWidro
qsovilis, romelic faravs Tavs,
mxrebsa da mkerds. 3 mm-iani mina,
haeris miwodeba filtris
gavliT, masa 900 gr.
icavs saxes, Tvalebs, sasunTq
organoebs mtvrisagan,
airebisagan. masa 120 gr.
icavs Tvalebs, saxes ultra- da
infragamosxivebisagan, gamdnari
liTonis Sxefebisa da
naperwklebisagan. masa 500 gr.
icavs Tvalebsa da saxes ultra
da infragamosxivebisagan,
gamdnari liTonis Sxefebisa da
naperwklebisagan. masa 500 gr.
 fari МВЭ icavs momuSaveebs
eleqtroSeduRebis dros. masa 350
gr.
kombinirebuli fari МК
icavs Tvalebs da saxes mJavebis,
tuteebis, organuli gamxsnelebis
Sxefebisagan. korpusi organuli
minis, masa 250 gr.

nax.#10. fari 014. nax.#11. fari НБТ1. nax.#12. TviTmaSveli

«Шанс Е».

6.Tvalis dacvis saSualebebi

samuSao xasiaTis mixedviT Tvalze moqmedi sawarmoo faqtorebia: meqanikuri,

qimiuri, Termuli. garda amisa Tvalis dazianebis mizezi SeiZleba iyos
zemaRali sixSiris denebi da gamosxivebebi. udides jgufs warmoadgens
meqanikuri travmebi. meqanikuri travmebis gamomwvebi mizezia TvalSi ucxo
sxeulis moxvedra.
msubuqi dazianebebi gamowveulia haerSi Setivtivebul mdgomareobaSi myofi
wvrili ferflis, grafitis, mtvris, burbuSelas nawilakebiT.

14
Tvalis mZime dazianebebis gamomwvevia liTonis damuSavebis dros
warmoqmnili natexebi, msxvili burbuSela da sxva.
liTonis dnobis, eleqtro- da airSeduRebis dros gamoyofili sxivuri
energia azianebs Tvalebs.
eleqtroSeduRebis rkaliT (t=30000C) gamoyofili sxivuri energiis mxolod
2-3% modis ultraiisfer gamosxivebaze, romelic TvalisaTvis warmoadgens
did saSiSroebas. ultraiisfer sxivebs gamoyofs kvarcis, vercxliswylis
naTurebi, rkaluri eleqtroRumelebi, acetonis ali da sxv.
infrawiTeli gamosxiveba warmoiqmneba Termul saamqroebSi liTonis dnobis,
mirCilvis, wrTobis, mowvis dros.
optikuri qvanturi generatoris _ lazeris pirdapiri da areklili sxivebi
iwvevs Tvalis mZime dazianebas.
Seqmnilia 60 saxis damcavi saTvale. saTvalisadmi wayenebuli saerTo
moTxovnebi asaxulia sax.standartSi ГОСТ 12,4,013-85 Е.
cxrilSi moyvanilia ZiriTadi monacemebi Tvalebis dacvis saSualebebis
Sesaxeb.

cxrili #18
saTvalis saxe, normatiuli damcavi Tvisebebi
dokumentaciis nomeri (teqnikuri daxasiaTeba)
Ria saTvale 06-72 icavs Tvalebs myari
ГОСТ 12.4.013-85Е nawilakebisagan. Tvalis centrebs
Soris manZili 68, 72, 76 mm. masa _
50 gr.
Ria saTvale 06, icavs Tvalebs gverdebidan. zoma
ГОСТ 12.4.013-85Е 150×60×40 mm. masa 60 gr. Tvalis
centrebs Soris manZili 72 mm.
daxuruli saTvale 3П1-80-4, Tvalebis dacva winidan,
gverdebidan, zemodan, qvemodan
ГОСТ 12.4.013-85Е
qarisagan, mtvrisagan, qviSisgan,
cementisa da wvrili
nawilakebisagan. 2 mm-iani mina.

15
 centrebs Soris 80mm, masa 120 gr.

daxuruli saTvale 3H8-80, icavs Tvalebs daxurul sivrceSi

(qvabi, cisterna) muSaobis dros .
tripleqsis minebiT,
masa _ 90 gr.
ГОСТ 12.4.013-85Е
hermetuli saTvale, icavs Tvalebs orTqlis, airis,
ТУ 38-1051204-89 kvamlis, Sxefebis, amomWmeli
siTxeebis mavne moqmedebisagan.
centrebs Soris manZili 64,68 mm.
masa 85 gr. saTvale aRWurvilia
daorTqlebis sawinaaRmdego
afskiT.
Ria saTvale 09, ТУ 64-2717-81 icavs Tvalebs eleqtromagnituri
gamosxivebisagan. aqvs
metalizebuli mina. centrebs
Soris manZili 76 mm. masa 135 gr.
daxuruli saTvale 3H5-72, eleqtroSemduReblebis Tvalebis
SuqfiltrebiT Г1, Г2, Г3, dasacavad. centrebs Soris
ГОСТ 12.4.013-85Е manZili 72 mm. masa 120 gr.
daxuruli saTvale ormagi airSemduReblebis Tvalis
3HP3, dasacavad, masa100 gr.
ГОСТ 12.4.013-85Е
daxuruli saTvale ormagi icavs Tvalebs xilvadi sinaTlis
3HД-2, damabrmavebeli sikaSkaSisagan,
ГОСТ 12.4.013-85Е infrawiTeli gamosxivebisagan.
centrTaSorisi manZili 72 mm. masa
150 gr.
daxuruli saTvale 3H-12, icavs Tvalebs infra- da
ГОСТ 12.4.013-85Е ultraiisferi gamosxivebisagan,
masa 100 gr.

16
nax.#13.damcavi saTvale nax. #14.kompleqti nax.#15.
hermetulbudiani
3П-2 «визион»
saTvale

Tvalis dacvis saSualebebis efeqturoba damokidebulia swor arCevaze,

individualur morgebaze, saimedo fiqsaciaze, maT movlasa da Senaxvaze.

7.kanis dacvis saSualebebi

xelebis kanis dacvis efeqturi saSualebebia: pastebi, sacxebi, kremebi,

gamwmendebi. xelebis janmrTeli kani asrulebs mniSvnelovan funqcias _ icavs
adamianis organizms qimiuri nivTierebebis da mikroorganizmebis SeRwevisagan.
sawarmoo pirobebSi, sadac moqmedebs mavne da saSiSi faqtorebi, kanis
mdgomareobis Secvla iwvevs kanis daavadebebs _ egzemebs, dermatitebs,
dermatozebs. kanis daavadebebis profilaqtikis mizniT xdeba kanis gawmenda
specialuri gamwmendebiT, romlis SemadgenlobaSi Sedis saponi, gamxsnelis
minimaluri raodenoba, meqanikuri gamwmendebi (qviSa, Tixa), damJangvelebi
(kaliumis permanganati), cximebi (gamxsnelebis gasaneitraleblad). didi
gavrceleba hpova sinTezurma saSualebebma, romlebic Sedgeba zedapirul-
aqtiuri nivTierebebisagan.
kanis sinTezuri gamwmendi xasiaTdeba saponTan SedarebiT ufro maRali
gamxsneli, damcav-koloiduri da qafwarmomqmneli TvisebebiT. gamwmendebis
umetesobas aqvs neitraluri da susttutovani reaqcia, rac sasargebloa
kanisaTvis.
kanis dermatologiuri saSualebebi daniSnulebis mixedviT ori saxisaa:
damcavprofilaqtikuri da gamwmendi. fizikur-qimiuri TvisebebiT pastebi da
17
sacxebi SeiZleba iyos hidrofiluri (wyalSi xsnadebi) da hidrofoburi
(wyalamreklavi). hidrofiluri pastebi da sacxebi gamoiyeneba kanis dasacavad
organuli gamxsnelebisagan, laqebisagan, fisebisagan. hidrofoburi
preparatebi damzadebulia zeTze, eTerebze, parafinze da sxv. kanze wasmisas
qmnis wylisgan, xsnarebisgan, mJavebisa da marilebisagan damcvel fenas
hidrofiluri malamoebis da pastebis SemadgenlobaSi Sedis glicerini,
Jelatini, kazeini sxv., romlebic ar ixsnebian organul gamxsnelebSi, magram
ixsnebian wyalSi. farTo gamoyeneba hpoves silikonur zeTze damzadebulma
preparatebma, romlebic qmnian mdgrad afsks rogorc mJavebis da tuteebis
mimarT, ise organuli nivTierebebis mimarT.
cxrilSi #19 moyvanilia damcavi dermatologiuri saSualebebi.

cxrili #19
dermatologiuri saSualebebis daniSnuleba, Senaxvis pirobebi
dasaxeleba, normatiuli doku-
mentacia
hidrofiluri sacxebi, pastebi,
kremebi:
damcavi pasta solidoliT, icavs teqnikuri zeTebisagan. inaxeba
ФС42-1412-80 moxuful qilebSi. Camoirecxeba civi
wyliT.

pasta ХИОТ-6, ФС 42 1532-80 profilaqtikuri saSualeba. ixmareba

pasta «Аиро», ТУ 6-15-635-87
kremi silikonis
navTobproduqtebTan, mineralur
zeTebTan, organul gamxsnelebTan da
laqebTan muSaobisas. Camoirecxeba
Tbili wyliT.
icavs zeTebisagan, sapoxi
masalebisagan, Wvartlisagan,
fisebisagan. Camoirecxeba civi wyliT.
icavs fisebisagan, webosagan
laqebisagan. Camoirecxeba wyliT

18
ПМС-30, ОСТ 18-21-81
hidrofobuli pastebi, kremebi:
pasta ИЭР-2, ФС 42-1411-80
kremi damcavi silikonis,
ОСТ 18-21-81
kanis gamwmendebi:
Txevadi gamwmendi saSualeba,
ТУ 6-15-842-88
pasta ТУ 6-15-885-89
xelebis gamwmendi, ТУ 6-15-1044-
82
pasta «Вега», ТУ 6-15-962-85
icavs mJavebis, tuteebis, marilebis
wyalxsnarebisagan, zeTovani
emulsiebisagan.
icavs wylisagan, marilebis, tuteebis,
mJavebis wyalxsnarebisagan.
gamoiyeneba Zneladmosacilebeli
grafitis mtvris, Wvartlis, webos
WuWyisagan.
gamoiyeneba Jangis, zeTebis, Wvartlis
da sxva wyalSi uxsnadi laqebisagan.
icavs zeTebisagan, Wvartlisagan,
Sesrulebulia aerozolis SefuTvaSi.
gamoiyeneba infeqciuri daavadebebis
gamomwvevebis Sesamcireblad da
rogorc sadezinfeqcio saSualeba.
19