Computations for the Standard Enthalpy of Methanol:

Assuming that the mass of the alcohol burner is 150 grams

Mass of Methanol Burnt =( initial mass of methanol−final mass of methanol )
Mass of Methanol Burnt =( 184.37 g−183.72 g )
Mass of Methanol Burnt=0.65 g
Molar Mass of Methanol = 32.05 g/mol

Moles of Methanol Burnt =0.65 g ( 32.05

1 mol
g)
=0.02028 mol

Enthalpy Change of Water ( ∆ H )=mc ∆ T

∆ T =¿
∆ T =( 34 ℃−25.5 ℃ ) =8.5 ℃
J
Specific Heat Capacity of Water (c)=4.18
g∗℃
Mass of Water ( m )=dv

(
Mass of Water ( m )= 1
g
cm
3 )
( 120 c m3 )

Mass of Water ( m )=120 g

J
Enthalpy Change of Water ( ∆ H )=(120 g)( 4.18 )( 8.5℃)
g∗℃
Enthalpy Change of Water ( ∆ H )=4.2636 kJ
∆H
Standard Enthalpy of Methanol ( ∆ H comb ) =
o
mole of methanol burnt
4.2636
Standard Enthalpy of Methanol ( ∆ H comb ) =
o
=210.24 kJ /mol
0.02028 mol

Since combustionis an exothermic process , ( ∆ H comb ) =−210.24 kJ /mol

o

Number Carbon Atoms∈ Methanol=1

Computations for the Standard Enthalpy of Ethanol:

 Mass of Ethanol Burnt =( initial mass of ethanol−final mass of ethanol )
Mass of Ethanol Burnt =( 193.83 g−193.34 g )
Mass of Ethanol Burnt =0.49 g

Molar Mass of Ethanol = 46.08 g/mol

Moles of Ethanol Burnt =0.49 g ( 46.08

1 mol
g)
=0.01063 mol

Enthalpy Change of Water ( ∆ H )=mc ∆ T

∆ T =¿
∆ T =( 35.5 ℃−26 ℃ )=9.5℃
J
Specific Heat Capacity of Water (c)=4.18
g∗℃
Mass of Water ( m )=dv

Mass of Water ( m )= 1
( g
cm 3 )
( 120 c m3 )

Mass of Water ( m )=120 g

Enthalpy Change of Water ( ∆ H )=(120 g)¿

Enthalpy Change of Water ( ∆ H )=4.7652 kJ
∆H
Standard Enthalpy of Ethanol ( ∆ H comb ) =
o
mole of ethanol burnt
4.7652kJ
Standard Enthalpy of Ethanol ( ∆ H comb ) =
o
=448.27 kJ / mol
0.01063 mol

Since combustionis an exothermic process , ( ∆ H comb ) =−448.27 kJ /mol

o

Number Carbon Atoms∈ Ethanol=2

Computations for the Standard Enthalpy of Propanol:

Mass of Propanol Burnt=( initial mass of propanol−final mass of propanol )

 Mass of Propanol Burnt =( 228.56 g−228.14 g )
Mass of Propanol Burnt =0.42 g

Molar Mass of Propanol = 60.11 g/mol

Moles of Propanol Burnt=0.42 g ( 60.11

1 mol
g)
=0.00699 mol

Enthalpy Change of Water ( ∆ H )=mc ∆ T

∆ T =¿
∆ T =( 35 ℃−25 ℃ )=10.0 ℃
J
Specific Heat Capacity of Water (c)=4.18
g∗℃
Mass of Water ( m )=dv

(
Mass of Water ( m )= 1
g
cm 3 )
( 120 c m3 )

Mass of Water ( m )=120 g

J
Enthalpy Change of Water ( ∆ H )=(120 g)(4.18 )(10.0 ℃)
g∗℃
Enthalpy Change of Water ( ∆ H )=5.016 kJ
∆H
Standard Enthalpy of Propanol ( ∆ H comb
o
)= mole of propanol burnt
5.016 kJ
Standard Enthalpy of Propanol ( ∆ H comb
o
)= =717.59 kJ /mol
0.00699 mol

Since combustionis an exothermic process , ( ∆ H comb ) =−717.59 kJ /mol

o

Number Carbon Atoms∈Propanol=3

Computations for the Standard Enthalpy of Butanol:

Mass of Butanol Burnt =( initial mass of butanol−final mass of butanol )
Mass of Butanol Burnt =( 222.12 g−221.69 g )
Mass of Butanol Burnt =0.43 g
 Molar Mass of Butanol = 74.14 g/mol

Moles of Butanol Burnt =0.43 g ( 74.14

1 mol
g)
=0.00581 mol

Enthalpy Change of Water ( ∆ H )=mc ∆ T

∆ T =(final temperature of water−initial temperature of water )

∆ T =( 35.5 ℃−25 ℃ )=10.5 ℃
J
Specific Heat Capacity of Water (c)=4.18
g∗℃
Mass of Water ( m )=dv

Mass of Water ( m )= 1
( g
cm 3 )
( 120 c m3 )

Mass of Water ( m )=120 g

J
Enthalpy Change of Water ( ∆ H )=(120 g)(4.18 )(10.5 K )
g∗℃
Enthalpy Change of Water ( ∆ H )=5.2668 kJ
∆H
Standard Enthalpy of Butanol ( ∆ H comb ) =
o
mole of butanol burnt
5.2668 kJ
Standard Enthalpy of Butanol ( ∆ H comb ) =
o
=906.51 kJ /mol
0.00581mol

Since combustion is an exothermic process , ( ∆ H ocomb ) =−906.51kJ /mol

Number Carbon Atoms∈Butanol=4

Computations for the Standard Enthalpy of Pentanol:

Mass of Butanol Burnt =( initial mass of pentanol−final mass of pentanol )
Mass of Pentanol Burnt =( 215.68 g−215.34 g )
Mass of Pentanol Burnt =0.34 g

Molar Mass of Pentanol = 88.17 g/mol

 Moles of Pentanol Burnt =0.34 g ( 1mol
88.17 g )
=0.00386 mol

Enthalpy Change of Water ( ∆ H )=mc ∆ T

∆ T =¿
∆ T =( 34 ℃−25 ℃ )=9 ℃
J
Specific Heat Capacity of Water (c)=4.18
g∗℃
Mass of Water ( m )=dv

Mass of Water ( m )= 1
( g
cm 3 )
( 120 c m3 )

Mass of Water ( m )=120 g

J
Enthalpy Change of Water ( ∆ H )=(120 g)( 4.18 )( 9℃ )
g∗℃
Enthalpy Change of Water ( ∆ H )=4.5144 kJ
∆H
Standard Enthalpy of Pentanol ( ∆ H ocomb ) =
mole of pentanol burnt
4.5144 kJ
Standard Enthalpy of Pentanol ( ∆ H comb ) =
o
=1169.53 kJ /mol
0.00386 mol

Since combustionis an exothermic process , ( ∆ H ocomb ) =−1169.53 kJ /mol

Number Carbon Atoms∈Pentanol=5

Percentage Error of Standard Enthalpy of Combustion of Methanol

Standard Enthalpy of Combustion( ∆ H ocomb)
Theoretical Value=−726 kJ /mol
Experimental Value=−210.24 kJ /mol

Error= ( −726
mol
kJ
) −(
−210.24 kJ
mol )=−516 kJ /mol
Error −516 kJ /mol
Percentage Error= ×100 %= × 100 %=71.07 %
Theoretical Value −726 kJ /mol
Percentage Error of Standard Enthalpy of Combustion of Ethanol
o
Standard Enthalpy of Combustion( ∆ H comb)
Theoretical Value=−1367 kJ /mol
Experimental Value=−448.27 kJ /mol

Error= ( −1367
mol ) (
kJ
−
−448.27 kJ
mol )=−919 kJ /mol
Error −919 kJ /mol
Percentage Error= ×100 %= × 100 %=67.23 %
Theoretical Value −1367 kJ /mol

Percentage Error of Standard Enthalpy of Combustion of Propanol

Standard Enthalpy of Combustion( ∆ H ocomb)
Theoretical Value=−2021kJ /mol
Experimental Value=−717.59 kJ /mol

Error= ( −2021
mol ) (
kJ
−
−717.59 kJ
mol )=−1303 kJ / mol
Error −1303 kJ /mol
Percentage Error= ×100 %= ×100 %=64.47 %
Theoretical Value −2021 kJ /mol

Percentage Error of Standard Enthalpy of Combustion of Butanol

Standard Enthalpy of Combustion( ∆ H ocomb)
Theoretical Value=−2676 kJ /mol
Experimental Value=−906.51kJ /mol

Error= ( −2676
mol ) (
kJ
−
−906.51 kJ
mol )=−1769 kJ /mol
Error −1769 kJ /mol
Percentage Error= ×100 %= × 100 %=66.11%
Theoretical Value −2676 kJ /mol

Percentage Error of Standard Enthalpy of Combustion of Pentanol:

o
Standard Enthalpy of Combustion( ∆ H comb)
Theoretical Value=−3329 kJ /mol
 Experimental Value=−1169.53 kJ /mol

Error= ( −3329
mol
kJ
) −(
−1169.53 kJ
mol )=−2159 kJ /mol
Error −2159 kJ /mol
Percentage Error= ×100 %= ×100 %=64.85 %
Theoretical Value −3329 kJ /mol