Baylor CSS 1302 English Final Exam
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1. 8 kinds of support materials Statistical evidence,
expert testimony, visual
aids, definition, rhetorical
question, personal
experience, compare and
contrast, examples
2. Accidental communication two forms: one where
decoder receives a
message that they were
never intended to
receive; speaking
incoherent nonsense and
can't decode it
3. Because the introduction and False
the conclusion to a speech play
such a significant role in gaining
audience acceptance of the
speaker's position, they should
be prepared first
4. Causal reasoning certain force capable of
producing effect
5. Cause/effect pattern most to least important
or vicecersa
6. channel form of energy capable
of carrying symbols
through time and space
7. communication process by which one
mind affects another
mind
8. Component parts what is it made of
9. Concept of change and how it We can choose what we
relates to ethos want to share with the
audience
10. The concept of choice and how choices are inevitable as
it relates to ethos a speaker and they
determine what you
reveal about yourself,
changes peoples
perceptions of you
11. Concept of perception and how Our perception of people
it relates to ethos can change
12. Criteria for evaluation establish criteria to be
evaluated and apply it to
the issue
13. decoder interprets the intended
meaning of the symbols
and their sequence
provided by the encoder
14. Deductive reasoning start with generalization to specific
15. Delivery enables True
accidental
communication to
occur when tone of
voice, facial
expression, and bodily
action are not
coordinated with the
verbal message
16. Describe and fully Impacts audience reaction, creates
explain the nature of a better understanding of
good delivery accidental communication, able to
understand the impact of delivery
on audience attitude change,
produces higher level of
information retention, improve the
nature of good delivery
17. Discuss the effect of Cannot effectuate attitude change
delivery on attitude without good delivery
change
18. encoder mechanism which selects the
symbols and the symbol sequence
to portray the desired meaning
19. Ethos ethical proof
20. Evidence anything that generates proof for
audience
21. Evidence may consist True
of either fact or
opinions.
22. Explain the Single declarative sentence that
significance of the expresses the central idea of
subject sentence or communication, what you want
the central idea of a audience to take away
speech.
23. Explain the statement, Speaker formulates his/her
"A speaker is a source approach to any given subject
of subjects." using own past experiences
24. External Stimuli the speaker and the place,
producing stimuli for audience to
focus on you
25. feedback the audience's response to the
speaker and the speech
26. feedforward speaker's analysis of the audience
prior to the time when they give
the speech
27. The five stages of a speech are: select False 36. Law of among competing stimuli, that which
a subject, find and collect materials, pattern/organization is organized is preferred
select the main ideas, select the
37. Law of size among competing stimuli, the larger
pattern of organization, and deliver the
will be preferred
speech to the intended audience
38. Level A Syntactic sign to sign relationship
28. Four tests of causal reasoning 1)Alleged cause
relevant or 39. Level B Semantic symbol to symbol relationship
capable of 40. Level C Pragmatic user to user relationship
producing effect
41. List and explain at 1. Practice-mitigate abasing something
described
least seven do's or going wrong
2)Is this the
don'ts of using a 2. Make sure visual aid is big enough
distinguished
visual aid. 3. Don't let body block your visual
causal factor
aid
3)Is there a
4. Don't talk to the visual aid
reasonable
5. Don't circulate visual aid through
probability no
the audience
other undesired
6. Cover or erase visual aid once
effects will occur
used
4)Is there
7. Avoid using complicated diagrams
counteracting
cause 42. Logos logical proof; use of
evidence/reasoning
29. Gesture involves movement of False
individual parts of the body and should 43. mind any sign process
be under conscious control during the 44. The modes of proof False
speech are evidence,
30. Inductive reasoning specific to reasoning, and
general emotion

31. Inductive reasoning requires beginning True 45. noise anything which disrupts the process
with a specific instance and reaches a of communication
generalization. An example is causal 46. Noise at Level A noise is talking quietly so some
reasoning, Syntactic; how to people receive signal and others
32. Internal stimuli within us, our overcome it and don't; can be overcome by the
fears and example speaker talking louder
expectation Ex: Audience couldn't hear what Dr.
English was saying.
33. Law of change among competing
stimuli, one 47. Noise at Level B noise is when the encoder uses
moving and one Semantic; how to symbols that have either no meaning
at rest, the overcome it and or a differed meaning for the decoder
moving will example that was not intended by the
always be encoder(misinterpretation);
preferred can be overcome by trying to add
something that audience knows Ex:
34. Law of familiarity Among
Something said is not received as
competing stimuli,
what was intended
that which is
familiar is 48. Noise at Level C noise is when audience doesn't agree
preferred over Pragmatic; how to with the speaker; overcome by using
that which is overcome it and a different argument Ex: Speaker asks
strange example audience to accept something they
don't accept.
35. Law of intensity among competing
stimuli, that which
is more intense is
always preferred
49. The number of examples needed to False 62. Reasoning by example is defined as False
establish good reasoning by establishing relationships or
example is at least three correlations between two variables
and arguing that the two variables are
50. One purpose of the conclusion is to False
so interrelated that the presence or
establish the speaker's credentials-
absence of one variable indicates the
or the speakers right to address that
presence or absence of the other
particular subject
variable
51. Parties involved stakeholders
63. Reasoning by sign infer a relationship
52. Pathos emotional proof between two
53. Persuaders should avoid recognizing False variables and
arguments on the other side odf the argue that the
controversy they are dealing with variables are so
since that may cause the audience to related that the
reject the position he/she supports. presence of one
necessitates the
54. Pragmatic Level user to user
other
relationship
64. receiver any device that
55. Principle of Efficiency when speech alone
reads the signal in
takes more time to
the channel and
read goal, consider
converts it into
using a visual aid
signs that match
56. Problem, cause, and solution When trying to those transmitted
produce a speech:
65. Rhetoric the faculty of
Identify problem,
discovery or in
outline a cause, and
any given case,
one solution to
the available
mitigate the problem
means of
57. Question what is it? what is it persuasion
not? in what manner
66. Rhetorical syllogism spoken version of
or way? why?
syllogism
58. Reasoning Process of inferring
67. Semantic Level symbol to symbol
conclusions from
relationship
premises
59. Reasoning by analogy present to things of
a similar nature
60. Reasoning by example All have something
in common to prove
conclusion
61. Reasoning by example: Four tests of 1)Are there enough
validity examples
2)Are the examples
familiar
3)Are there
examples that prove
the opposite
4)Are the examples
timely
68. Seven categories of Age-older people care more
audience analysis about social security than
younger people
Political affiliation-democrats
tend to care about
Obamacare than Republicans
Religious affiliation-Catholics
are against abortion
Gender-should you talk
about feminism to
conservative men
Economics status-upper
class doesn't care as much
about food stamp eligibility
as lower class
Educational level-don't talk
about how hard it is to get
out of bed to veterans
Geographical location-
people from the mid west
probably don't care about
the "dead zone" of Mexico
69. sign stimulus event which directs
the attention of the organism
to something other than itself
70. signal a pattern arbitrarily imposed
upon the wave motion by a
transmitter
71. A sign is a stimulus event True
that directs the attention of
the organism to something
other than itself
72. Six characteristics of Unique to humans
symbols Created by their user as
substitutes for other signs
Mobile, flexible, occur in a
variety of different contexts
Multiple in use and in
meaning, inherently
ambiguous
Arbitrary and
conventionalized(means
different things to different
people)
All symbols are a part of a
system with which they are
related
73. Space pattern we treat things specially
74. The speaker is the most False
important part of the
rhetorical act
75. A speaker should avoid False
selecting subjects that
involve hi/her personal
experience since emotional
involvement often mitigates
against successful
communication.
76. speech the expression of two different
kinds of experiences:
1.speaker's own past
experiences
2. the experience that the
speaker goes through in
preparing for any given
speech
77. A speech subject should be Speaker, occasion, and
appropriate to what three audience
things?
78. S.T.E.P. Step Translate Exemplify
Prove
79. Syllogism Comes in 4 parts, nothing
more than a systematic
arrangement of arguing
consisting of: major premises
(generalization), minor
premise (specific), conclusion
(necessity must follow)
80. symbol a major class of signs
81. Syntactic Level sign to sign relationship
82. Time pattern we treat things in a timely
manner
83. The time pattern of True
organization is generally
used to develop speeches
dealing with process or
procedure
84. transmitter any device that is capable of
imposing a signal upon the
energy flow
85. Two tests of inductive is sign capable of producing
reasoning the attribute, what is the
probability
86. Type of visual aid, strengths bar, line, pie, useful to
and weaknesses: compare significant amount
Charts/graphs of data, takes time to set it up,
only in front of audience for a
little
87. Type of visual aid, strengths enables speaker to build up
and weaknesses: whatever you are trying to
Diagrams/sketches build, lose visual transaction
and eye contact
88. Type of visual 3D representation of the object, we can't 95. What are the 1. Select subject
aid, strengths much clearer than that, object may be too five steps in 2. Finding materials-research, indexes
and small/large to fit the audience speech and databases, books give an overview
weaknesses: preparation? of a generally broad subject Ex:Bearcat,
Objects/models LexusNexus, Journal/Magazine articles,
newspapers
89. Type of visual can capture the audience, can be too small
3. Classifying ideas- selecting the
aid, strengths for audience to see, fake photos
organizational pattern to structure the
and
info you found in step #2
weaknesses:
4. Preparing communication outline
Pictures
5. Rehearse speech aloud
90. The verbalized False
96. What are the six Show significance of proposal
pause is used
points to WIlliam Shock the audience
to emphasize
James' theory of Easy to follow
ideas and allow
persuasion? Arouse audiences curiosity
mental catch
Make use of conflict
up by the
Use variety
listener.
97. What are the Competency-do they know what they're
91. visual aid anything that is related to the subject
three talking about?
development of the speech which speaker
components of Integrity-lying?
presents for audience to see in order as we
ethos? Good will-good intentions?
as speakers can communicate with
audience for greater interest, clarity, and 98. What are the Gain attention of the audience, must
persuasiveness than without we could with three purposes relate to the subject, your right to
speech alone of the address that particular subject(optional)
introduction to a
92. What are five Databases
speech?
sources Books/journals
(Indexes) you Magazines 99. What are the Audience derived knowledge of speaker
might consult in Newspapers three sources of prior to event, whats revealed during
building a Government documents/special interest ethos? speech, how closely does their
bibliography groups discussion align with own prior beliefs
for research?
100. What are the Serve as a summary device, last chance
93. What are the 1)Is there enough evidence to prove our two purposes of to leave audience with something they
eight tests to claim the conclusion will remember
determine the 2)Is evidence clear to a speech?
validity of 3)Is source reliable
101. What is the most Audience
evidence? 4)Is source competent
important
5)Is source unprejudiced
element in the
6)Statistically sound
rhetorical act?
7)What medium(blog, book, journal)is the
evidence produced in 102. What is the That which controls attention controls
8)Is it the most recent evidence premise of action
William James'
94. What are the Law of intensity
theory of
five laws that Law of signs
persuasion?
govern the Law of change
control of Law of familiarity 103. What is the The effective use of voice
attention? List Law of pattern/organization primary element
them necessary in
establishing
good delivery?
104. When an object is used for a visual aid the speaker should circulate it throughout False
the audience
105. When a topic is arranged according to Natural or conventionalized divisions we False
call this the space pattern of organization
106. Why do we use visual aids? Simulate audience interest, try to establish
clarity, persuasiveness
107. Why study delivery? Nature of good delivery