Oral Communication

communication barriers and communication strategies

St. Thomas Aquinas

prayer before study

Lord, true source of light and wisdom,
give me a keen sense of understanding,
a retentive memory and capacity to grasp things correctly.
Grant me the grace to be accurate in my exposition
and the skill to express myself with thoroughness and clarity.
Be with me at the start of my work and study,
guide its progress and bring it to its completion.
Grant this through Christ, our Lord.
Amen.
attendance check.

R E S E N T ?
P
 Today's Agenda

1 Communication Barriers

2 Communication Strategies
 communication
barriers
elements that may prevent the sender and the receiver from
understanding each other.
 communication barriers

Perception Language Poor Listening

Emotional Cultural Physical

Interference Differences Distractions

Information Closed Communication

Incorrect Filtering
Overload Climate
communication barriers
PERCEPTION

A person’s concept of reality, summation of

experiences acquired through time.
We all have our own preferences, values, attitudes, origins
and life experiences that act as "filters" on our experiences of
people, events and information. Seeing things through the
lens of our own unique life experiences or "conditioning" may
lead to assumptions, stereotyping and misunderstandings of
others whose experiences differ from our own.
communication barriers
LANGUAGE

Language  is primarily invented to make people

understand each other, it can, at times, serve as a
cause for miscommunication especially in cases
when the people are forced to use a language they
are not adept in.

EXAMPLE:
Andrew, a graduating psychology student, had a hard time
defending his research paper to one of the panelists who is
from another field.
communication barriers
POOR LISTENING

EXAMPLE:
During the meeting, after the operations manager had
addressed the problems of the majority, the employees
started discussing among themselves other unrelated
matters even when the floor has already been given to
another speaker.
 communication barriers
EMOTIONAL INTERFERENCE

When emotions get in the way of what we want

to say or when it makes us say what we would
not say in normal circumstances.

EXAMPLE:
Mr. Cruz did not want to give the decision of the
management to Mrs. Reyes because of his fear to
hurt her feelings.
 communication barriers
CULTURAL DIFFERENCES

The way people communicate with each other

may be sometimes dictated by culture.

EXAMPLE:
In a business meeting, the Filipino and Japanese
businessmen did not arrive at the best solution
to attract prospect customers.
 communication barriers
PHYSICAL DISTRACTIONS

Miscommunication brought by the environment

or any malfunction in the channel and medium
utilized to send and receive messages.

EXAMPLE:
The participants in the seminar found it hard to
listen to the speaker because the microphone
is constantly turned on and off.
communication barriers
INCORRECT FILTERING

Filtering  occurs when messages pass through an

intermediary in the communication channel.  It often
can alter the original message, limit its effectiveness
or render it incomprehensible.

EXAMPLE:
The message of the president assumed different versions
after it had been passed on from one executive to the other.
communication barriers
INFORMATION OVERLOAD

Individuals have a finite capacity to process data

and when it exceeds our processing capacity then
the result is information overload.

EXAMPLE:
Students, when listening to the lecture of a professor for
more than an hour without any breaks, have the tendency to
just rely on the hand-outs which will be given at the end of
the meeting.
communication barriers
CLOSED COMMUNICATION CLIMATE

Refers to when there is a misunderstanding

between a company and its employees.

EXAMPLE:

When the employees of Company A demanded for an

explanation as to the reason for the questionable and unfair
change in work hours brought about by the pandemic, they
were not entertained by their employer. This resulted in a
misunderstanding between the two parties.
Questions?
Understanding Check!
Complete each statement with the terms used in the discussion on Communication Barriers.

NOISES OR __________ ARE FACTORS/ELEMENTS

1 THAT MAY CONTRIBUTE TO MISUNDERSTANDING OR
MISCOMMUNICATION.

MISCOMMUNICATION ARISING FROM A COMPANY’S

2 UNWILLINGESS TO A DIALOG WITH ITS EMPLOYEES
MAY FOSTER __________ .
Understanding Check!
Complete each statement with the terms used in the discussion on Communication Barriers.

A MESSAGE THAT PASSES THROUGH DIFFERENT PEOPLE AND

ASSUMES A DIFFERENT CONTENT OR BECOMES LACKING IN
3 DETAIL AFTER IT REACHES THE RECEIVER, IS AN EXAMPLE OF
__________ .

A PERSON’S CONCEPT OF REALITY OR __________ MAY

4 DIFFER FROM PERSON TO PERSON BECAUSE PEOPLE WILL
HAVE DIFFERENT EXPERIENCES THAT CONSTITUTE THEIR
REALITY FRAME.
Understanding Check!
Complete each statement with the terms used in the discussion on Communication Barriers.

ANYTHING WRONG WITH THE SENDER OR RECEIVER’S

5 ENVIRONMENT WHICH MAY RESULT IN MISUNDERSTANDING IS
CALLED __________ .

MISCOMMUNICATION IN THE FORM OF __________

6 MAY OCCUR WHEN TWO PERSONS COME FROM TWO
DIFFERENT NATIONALITIES.
Understanding Check!
Complete each statement with the terms used in the discussion on Communication Barriers.

THE BARRIER THAT IS A RESULT OF NOT CONSIDERING THINGS AS

7 RELEVANT THEREBY RESULTING IN MISCOMMUNICATION IS
__________

FAILURE TO COMMUNICATE OR PERFORM BECAUSE OF

8 TOO MUCH TASKS AT HAND IS CALLED __________ .
Understanding Check!
Complete each statement with the terms used in the discussion on Communication Barriers.

THE COMMUNICATION BARRIER CALLED __________

9 SUGGESTS THAT FEELINGS MAY GET IN THE WAY OF WHAT WE
WANT TO SAY.

A PERSON WHO IS INCAPABLE OF USING THE NEEDED

10 LANGUAGE TO COMMUNICATE MAY FIND HIMSELF/HERSELF 
LOST IN __________ .
 Study Break.

Let's
have a
break!
 communication
strategies
different schemes or tactics that communicators can use or
resort to so they can cope with language as a communication
barrier
 2
MESSAGE ABANDONMENT

definition brainstorm area

speaker just stops

talking to express
himself/herself
 2
TOPIC AVOIDANCE

definition brainstorm area

speaker tries to
change the topic
or talk about
something else
instead of the issue
that needs to be
discussed
 2
USE OF ALL -PURPOSE WORDS

definition brainstorm area

happens when you

use a general
expression
to refer to an idea
you think the other
person already
knows about in order
to save you from
using the actual
word
 2
WORD COINAGE

definition brainstorm area

happens when you

invent a term
based on your
knowledge of rules in
forming words in a
particular language
 2
LITERAL TRANSLATION

definition brainstorm area

happens when you

translate a word or
expression from one
language to another
word-per-word even
when its essence is
compromised
 2
FOREIGNIZING

definition brainstorm area

happens when you

pronounce a word
in your native
language as if it is a
word in the target
language
 2
CODE SWITCHING

definition brainstorm area

happens when you

combine words in
your native language
and target language
in one sentence
 2
USE OF GAP -FILLERS

definition brainstorm area

happens when you

try to use
unnecessary words
or expressions in
order to stall your
message or to avoid
dull moments or
dead air
 2
CIRCUMLOCUTION

definition brainstorm area

happens when you

try to work your way
around an idea by
describing it vividly
instead of calling it
by its real name
 2
APPROXIMATION

definition brainstorm area

happens when you

try to look for a
closely related word
in order to refer to
something
 2
USE OF NON -VERBAL CUES

definition brainstorm area

happens when you

try to look for a
non-verbal cue that
would best say what
you want to say
 2
APPEAL FOR HELP

definition brainstorm area

happens when you

ask someone else
to explain what it is
that you want to say
Thank you!