Department of Education

National Capital Region

Schools Division of Parañaque City
Self-Learning Module
SCIENCE V QUARTER 1 MODULE 5

Learning Competencies (Essential Competencies)

Design a product out of local, recyclable solid and/or liquid materials in making
useful products. (S5MT-Ih-i-4)

Objectives
Identify the 5Rs components: Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, Recover and Repair for
proper waste management.
Identify ways on how to reuse waste materials.
Identify and describe ways on how to recycle waste materials.
Recycle old magazines/newspapers/yellow paper/etc.
Recycle plastic bottles/containers.
Brief Introduction
Some human activities bring hazard to environment, especially waste materials. Most
waste at home are collected by garbage truck and disposed in landfill. This piled up waste brings
danger in the environment especially land, air and water that causes pollution. To minimize the
waste in the environment the environmentalist suggested the use of 5R`s.

Let’s Recall (Review)

Directions: Look at the pictures carefully. Write HAZARDOUS if the picture
shows danger and NO if not on the space provided.
1.
2. 3
. .

__________________ __________________ ___________________

4. 5.

____________________ ____________________
Photo Credit: https://depositphotos.com/vector-images/kitchen-knife.html
Photo Credit: https://www.createmepink.com/2021/01/house-fire-vector-clip-art/fire-pit-clipart-svg/
Photo Credit: http://clipart-library.com/clipart/pillows-cliparts_16.htm
Photo Credit: https://clipartstation.com/taschenlampe-clipart-7/
Photo Credit: https://vecto.rs/design/vector-of-a-cartoon-hungry-homeless-man-holding-a-fish-bone-by-a-trash-can-outlined-coloring-page-drawing-by-toonaday-16183

Let`s Understand (Study the Concept)

There are five (5) ways in segregating waste. All serve as help to lessen waste in
the environment.
Reduce – lessen the amount of waste in the environment. Lessen the use of materials that
are disposable. Think and buy product that could be beneficial to human and
environment.
Example: Instead of using sachet, use bigger pack or bottle which you can refill after.
 Reuse –to reuse means to use again or find other ways to use a material and the examples
are as follows:
1. Use an eco-bag when going to groceries or market instead of using plastic.
2. Conduct garage sale to sell old stuff you are not using anymore.
3. Donate old stuff to help people especially those who are in need.
4. Use old clothes instead of buying new one.

Recycle – create new product from a material that serve its purpose already. The use of
recycled materials should be different from its old use, while minimizing waste in the
environment and at home. Another benefit of recycling is that we can conserve our natural
resources. It can also prevent pollution by reducing waste materials and help prevent habitat
destruction of animals and other living things. You can also show your own creativeness in
recycling.
Here are some ways to recycle materials at home:
1. Buy rechargeable batteries not the one that you need to dispose after use. You
save environment you save money.
2. Buy materials that are already recycled. Examples are recycled notebooks,
papers, and others.
3. Make a recycling bin at home to separate those waste that can be recycled.
4. Old clothes can be made into a shopping bag.
5. Old tires can be turned into a swing to be hanged on trees, which can be played
by kids, or can also be turned into a plant`s pot.
You already know what recycling is.
There are two ways of recycling non- biodegradable
materials it can be done by Upcycling and
Downcycling. Up cycling is a way to make a higher
quality material from its original value,
Photo Credit: while down cycling produces new product with lesser
https://balconygardenweb.c
om/diy-plastic-bottle-ideas-
quality.
uses-projects-home-garden/ Recycling biodegradable materials can be done by
composting in backyard compost pits or indoor
containers to produce compost. You can recycle used tissue papers, grass Photo Credit:
https://www.magicbricks.
clippings, trash from the garden plants. A compost pit can be made by digging com/blog/plastic-bottle-
a hole in the soil, in which biodegradable wastes can be thrown inside the hole garden-
ideas/119514.html
and then covered with layers of soil. After the materials have decayed for a
long period of time, it can be used as organic fertilizer in the garden. Recycling
brings big change in the environment.

Recycling is one of the best solutions to solve the fast-rising problems of the world. Do
you know that to make a paper, people cut so many trees just to provide papers around the world?
Tree planting/reforestation is one of the solutions to help solve this problem.
To avoid losing too much trees, recycling can also be done.
Do you know that we can recycle paper at home? Here are simple ways to
eliminate household waste at home like old magazines, brochures, used bond
paper, pad/yellow paper.
Here are few simple steps to make your own recycled papers at home.
Materials needed:
1. wastepaper except glossy ones
Photo Credit: 2. water
https://www.leegov.com/so
lidwaste/recycling/yes
3. blender (only if available, if not do it manually)
4. old picture frame
5. screen or mesh wire (secure firmly to the picture frame)
6. cloth or sponge
7. flat basin
8. any decorative material available
 Procedures:
1. First, put the screen or mesh wire to an old picture frame using nails, staples, or glue to
make a paper molder.
2. Tear paper into small pieces and add to a blender with warm water, if there is no blender
mix them manually using your hands. Blend the mixture until the pulp is smooth.
3. Set the picture frame molder into a flat basin, then pour the pulp into the frame molder
inside the basin. Make sure the molder is well-covered, then pull the molder up. Seeds
and wildflowers can be added at this stage – cover the seeds with a little more pulp to
embed fully in the paper.
4. Using a towel or sponge, press out the excess water and let the paper dry for a day or two. The
pulp can dry directly on the screen or flip the mold over and let it dry on another surface.

We all know that another factor that add to the waste in the world is the product that
we use in everyday living. And one of these are plastic bottles. Millions of plastic bottles and
containers are made every year, recycling can be done to get rid of this environmental problem.
One of the examples to recycle the plastic bottles is to make it into a pencil holder.
Materials needed.
1. 20 oz. plastic bottle
2. zipper
3. decoration
4. glue stick
5. glue gun
6. pair of scissors
Procedure:
1. Clean the bottle with soap and water. Let it dry.
2. Cut off the top of 20 oz. plastic bottle.
3. Hot glue the zipper to both ends. Photo Credit:
https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/323837029429
4. Connect to create your own makeshift colored pencil case and 464520/
decorate it according to your preference.
There are lot of ways to recycle plastic bottles, it can also be used as decoration at
home, flowerpots, chimes, and others. Instead of throwing them in the dumpsite.
Recycle them!

Photo Credit: https://item.rakuten.co.jp/colorfulbox/4930419481182/

Photo Credit: https://tr.myhouzdecor.com/1666-diy-mosaic-planter-out-of-a-plastic-bottle.html
Photo Credit: https://diypedia.club/making-a-pencil-case-of-plastic-bottles/
Photo Credit: http://notedlist.com/plastic-bottle-recycling-projects/

Repair – fixing or restoring broken materials for repurpose.

Example: Instead of throwing worn out clothes, sew it to be used again.

Recover – it means taking of energy from waste materials which cannot be

used anymore. Most of the waste materials are segregated in a Materials Recovery
Facility (MRF).

Let’s Apply
Directions: Use the word Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, Recover or Repair to the given
sample of materials below. Write your answer on the space before each number.. You
can give one or more answers.
 _________1. old clothes/shoes

_________2. plastic spoon

_________3. shaky old chair

_________4. tin can

5. dried leaves and twigs

Let’s Analyze
Directions: Read and answer the following statement. Use the 5R`s Reduce,
Reuse, Recycle, Recover or Repair. Write your answer on the blank.

2. Use again the

1. Fix and restore 3. Buy product that
materials for another
broken materials. you need only.
purpose.
__________ __________
__________

4. Taking back used product 5. Use old materials to make

to produce energy or a new
new ones.
product.
__________
____________
 Let’s Try (Evaluation)
Directions: Read and answer the questions carefully. Choose the letter of the
correct answer. Write your answer on your answer sheet.
1. Which is the best way to manage your waste materials?
A. reduce, reuse, recycle, repair, recover
B. reduce, reuse, recycle, recreate, refill
C. reform, regenerate, reject, refill, reconstruct
D. repair, reform, reclaim, reduce, reuse

2. What is the best way to lessen the amount of biodegradable waste in the landfill?
A. composting B. reduce C. recover D. repair

3. Which of the following activities are example of reusing?

I. use eco-bags instead of plastic bags
II. donate old clothes
III. fix broken chairs
IV. buy new item/materials
A. I and II B. II and III C. I and IV D. II and IV

4. Which of the activity below best describe recover in waste management?

A. fix broken materials
B. convert waste materials into new resources like compost
C. make a decorative object from waste materials
D. lessen the use of unnecessary materials

5. In which of the 5R`s does cutting old towel into small square rugs belong?
A. Reuse B. Reduce C. Recover D. Repair E. Recycle

6. How can thin cans be recycled?

I. Use them as coin bank.
II. Make a pencil holder out of it.
III. Convert them into lanterns.
IV. Use as container for small item stuff.
A. I, and II B. II, and III C. I, II and III D. I, II, III, and IV

7. What is the main function of the Materials Recovery Facility (MRF)?

I. Gather and segregate waste materials and turn them into energy.
II. Make a new product out of the waste materials.
III. Help clean the environment.
IV. Help the government solve the environmental issues.
A. I, and II B. II, and III C. I, II and III D. I, II, III, and IV

8. Which among the given practice shows reusing of waste materials?

A. making rag out of old shirt
B. disposing vegetable scrap in the compost pit
C. fixing broken furniture
D. burning garbage that was collected

9. Which of the following are examples of 5R`s beneficial effects?

I. clean and green environment
II. increased amount of garbage in the landfills
III. lessened the air, water, and land pollution
IV. decreased amount of garbage in the landfills

5
 A. I and II B. II and III C. III and IV D. I and III, and IV

10. Which of the statements about 5R`s is NOT TRUE?

A. 5R`s helps lessen the amount of waste thrown in the landfill.
B. 5R`s makes the environment clean and safe place to live in.
C. 5R`s makes the environment dirty and unsafe.
D. 5R`s lessen pollution in the environment.

11. Which of the following practices shows reducing of waste materials?

A. Convert waste materials into a new product.
B. Minimize purchase of single use plastics or sachets.
C. Make use of the waste materials again.
D. Donate waste materials which are not needed anymore.
12. Why do we need to use eco bag when going to the market to buy stuff?
I. To avoid using single use plastic bags.
II. To support the environmental friendly program of the government.
III. To help solve environmental problems.
IV. To increase the amount of plastic waste in the landfill.
A. I, and II B. II, and III C. I, II, and III D. I, II, III, and IV

13. How can we recycle used papers?

A. Sell it to the junk shop.
B. Make a decorative paper out of it.
C. Burn it.
D. Bury it.

14. Which of the 5R`s technique is applicable for this material?

A. Reuse B. Reduce C. Recover D. Repair

15. Which of the statement is TRUE about managing waste materials?

A. Throwing garbage anywhere.
B. Storing without segregating waste materials in the stock room.
C. Segregating waste materials like biodegradable and non-biodegradable.
D. Dumping plastic bottles, glass, and empty cans in the compost pit.

Let’s Create
Goal: Come up with the new material out of the recyclable one. See sample below.

Photo Credit:
https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/174514554295204511/
Rubrics Score:
Points 1-2 3 4 5
Creativity The artwork The artwork The artwork The artwork
shows no shows lacked shows originality shows excellent
evidence of originality level of originality
originality
Effort The pupil did not The pupils The student The pupil gave an
finish the artwork finished the completed the effort far beyond
artwork but lacked artwork in an the requirement of
finishing touches average manner the project