‫ﻣﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ‪www.onlinedoctranslator.

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‫ﺗﺠﺮﺑﺔ‪13‬‬
‫ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﻟﻘﺺ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺷﺮ‬

‫ﻏﺎﻳﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﻳﺘﻢﺇﺟﺮﺍء ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻗﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﺺ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺣﺪ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﻠﻴﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻄﻴﻨﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺺ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﻢ ﺍﻟﺨﺼﺎﺉﺺ ﺍﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﺑﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻷﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﺍﻟﻬﻴﻜﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺔﻗﺺ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ‪ .‬ﻗﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﺺ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﺛﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺇﻳﺠﺎﺩﻗﺪﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻞ ﻟﻸﺳﺎﺳﺎﺕ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗﻤﺎﺭﺳﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻨﺎﺩﻱ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺟﻊﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻲ‪:‬‬
‫ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﺺ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺷﺮ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻇﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻌﺔ ‪-‬‬
‫‪ASTM D3080‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺪﻻﻟﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﻳﻌﺪﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﺺ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺷﺮ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺃﻗﺪﻡ ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻗﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ‪ .‬ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺮ ‪ ،‬ﺳﻴﺘﻢ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡﺟﻬﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﻘﺺ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺷﺮ ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻗﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﺺ ﻟـ‬
‫ﺗﺮﺑﺔﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﻤﺎﺳﻜﺔ )ﺃﻱ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﺔ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻜﺎﻙ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻲ )‪F((.‬ﻣﻦ ﻣﺨﻄﻂ ﺇﺟﻬﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﺺ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﻹﺯﺍﺣﺔ ﺍﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ ‪،‬‬
‫ﻳﺘﻢﺍﻟﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻗﺼﻰ ﺇﺟﻬﺎﺩ ﻗﺺ ﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﺣﺼﺮ ﺭﺃﺳﻲ ﻣﺤﺪﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻌﺪ ﺇﺟﺮﺍء ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﻋﺪﺓ ﻣﺮﺍﺕ‬
‫ﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻒﺍﻟﻀﻐﻮﻁ ﺍﻟﺮﺃﺳﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺼﻮﺭﺓ ‪ ،‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺇﻧﺘﺎﺝ ﻣﺨﻄﻂ ﺇﺟﻬﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﻗﺺ ‪ maxi mum‬ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻮﻁﺍﻟﺮﺃﺳﻴﺔ )ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻳﺔ( ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﺻﺮﺓ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ‪ .‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺍﻣﺮﺓ ‪ ،‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺐ ﺍﻟﺨﻂ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﻣﻐﻠﻒ ﻓﺸﻞ ‪Mohr-Coulomb‬‬

‫ﺍﻧﺠﺬﺏ ‪F،‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪﻫﺎ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻤﺎﺳﻜﺔ )ﺝ = ‪ ، (0‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺺﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﺗﺎﻥﻭ ‪s = s‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺨﺼﺎﺉﺺﺍﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﺑﻨﺎء ًﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﻓﻴﺴﻮﺭ‬

‫ﻛﺮﻳﺸﻨﺎﺭﻳﺪﻱ ‪UIC ،‬‬
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‫ﻣﻌﺪﺍﺕ‪:‬‬
‫ﺟﻬﺎﺯﺍﻟﻘﺺ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺷﺮ ‪ ،‬ﻣﻘﺎﻳﻴﺲ ﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺸﻮﻩ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺯﻥ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺨﺼﺎﺉﺺﺍﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﺑﻨﺎء ًﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﻓﻴﺴﻮﺭ‬

‫ﻛﺮﻳﺸﻨﺎﺭﻳﺪﻱ ‪UIC ،‬‬
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‫ﺍﻟﺨﺼﺎﺉﺺﺍﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﺑﻨﺎء ًﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﻓﻴﺴﻮﺭ‬

‫ﻛﺮﻳﺸﻨﺎﺭﻳﺪﻱ ‪UIC ،‬‬
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‫ﺇﺟﺮﺍءﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ‪:‬‬
‫)‪ (1‬ﻗﻢ ﺑﻮﺯﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﻼﺓ‪.‬‬

‫)‪ (2‬ﻗﻢ ﺑﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﻗﻄﺮ ﻭﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﻘﺺ‪ .‬ﺍﺣﺴﺐ ‪ ٪15‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮﺍﺕ‪.‬‬

‫)‪ (3‬ﻗﻢ ﺑﺘﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﻘﺺ ﺑﻌﻨﺎﻳﺔ ﻭﺿﻌﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺟﻬﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﻘﺺ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺷﺮ‪ .‬ﺛﻢ ﺿﻊ ﺣﺠﺮﺍً ﻣﺴﺎﻣﻴﺎً‬
‫ﻭﻭﺭﻕﺗﺮﺷﻴﺢ ﻓﻲ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﻘﺺ‪.‬‬

‫)‪ (4‬ﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﻞ ﻓﻲ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﻘﺺ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻮﺍء ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻋﻠﻰ‪ .‬ﺿﻊ ﻭﺭﻕ ﺗﺮﺷﻴﺢ ﻭﺣﺠﺮ ﻣﺴﺎﻣﻲ ﻭﻟﻮﺡ ﻋﻠﻮﻱ )‬
‫ﺑﻪﻛﺮﺓ( ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﺎﻝ‬

‫ﻗﻢﺑﺈﺯﺍﻟﺔ ﻣﺴﺎﻣﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﺫﺍﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﻴﺮﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﻘﺺ! ﺍﻓﺘﺢ ﺍﻟﻔﺠﻮﺓ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻧﺼﻔﻲ‬ ‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕﺍﻟﻘﺺ ﺣﺘﻰ ‪ 0.025‬ﺑﻮﺻﺔ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎً ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻣﺴﺎﻣﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻔﺠﻮﺓ ‪ ،‬ﺛﻢ ﺗﺮﺍﺟﻊ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺎﻣﻴﺮﺍﻟﻔﺠﻮﺓ‪.‬‬

‫)‪ (6‬ﻗﻢ ﺑﻮﺯﻥ ﻭﻋﺎء ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﻣﺮﺓ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﻭﺍﺣﺴﺐ ﻛﺘﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ‪.‬‬

‫)‪ (7‬ﺃﻛﻤﻞ ﺗﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺟﻬﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﻘﺺ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺷﺮ ﻭﻗﻢ ﺑﺘﻬﻴﺉﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻳﻴﺲ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ )ﻣﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﺍﻹﺯﺍﺣﺔ ﺍﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻣﻘﻴﺎﺱﺍﻹﺯﺍﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺃﺳﻴﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﺣﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺺ( ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺮ‪.‬‬

‫)‪ (8‬ﺍﺿﺒﻂ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﺃﺳﻲ )ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﻣﺴﺒﻘﺎً ‪ ،‬ﺛﻢ ﺃﻏﻠﻖ ﺻﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺯﻑ ﻭﻗﻢ‬
‫ﺑﺘﻄﺒﻴﻖﺍﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﻔﺘﺎﺡ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺪﻳﻞ‪.‬‬

‫)‪ (9‬ﻗﻢ ﺑﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻙ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﺮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻌﺪﻝ ﺍﻟﻘﺺ ﺑﻤﻌﺪﻝ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﻣﺤﺪﺩ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺗﺨﺎﺫ‬
‫ﻣﻘﻴﺎﺱﺍﻹﺯﺍﺣﺔ ﺍﻷﻓﻘﻲ ‪ ،‬ﺭﺃﺳﻴﺎً‬

‫ﺍﻟﺨﺼﺎﺉﺺﺍﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﺑﻨﺎء ًﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﻓﻴﺴﻮﺭ‬

‫ﻛﺮﻳﺸﻨﺎﺭﻳﺪﻱ ‪UIC ،‬‬
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‫ﻗﺮﺍءﺍﺕﺳﻌﺔ ﺍﻹﺯﺍﺣﺔ ﻭﻗﻴﺎﺱ ﺣﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺺ‪ .‬ﺳﺠﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍءﺍﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺭﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‪) .‬ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﺳﺠﻞﻗﺮﺍءﺍﺕ ﻣﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﺍﻹﺯﺍﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺃﺳﻴﺔ ‪ ،‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻟﺰﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ(‪.‬‬

‫)‪ (10‬ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺃﺧﺬ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍءﺍﺕ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﺼﻞ ﺣﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺺ ﺍﻷﻓﻘﻲ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺫﺭﻭﺗﻪ ﺛﻢ ﻳﻨﺨﻔﺾ ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﻳﺼﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺯﺍﺣﺔﺍﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ‪ ٪15‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺮ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻼﺕ‪:‬‬
‫)‪ (1‬ﺍﺣﺴﺐ ﻛﺜﺎﻓﺔ ﻋﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺘﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﻭﺣﺠﻢ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﻘﺺ‪.‬‬

‫)‪ (2‬ﻗﻢ ﺑﺘﺤﻮﻳﻞ ﻗﺮﺍءﺍﺕ ﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻭﻭﺣﺪﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﻭﺇﺩﺧﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ ﻓﻲ ﻭﺭﻗﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ‪ .‬ﺍﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔﺃ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻹﺟﻬﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩﻱ )ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻱ(ﺱﺍﻟﺨﺎﻣﺲ‪.‬‬
‫ﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻣﺲ‬

‫ﺱﺍﻟﺨﺎﻣﺲ=‬
‫ﺃ‬
‫ﺣﻴﺚ‪N:‬ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻣﺲ= ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻳﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺱﺍﻟﺨﺎﻣﺲ= ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩﻱ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻱ‬

‫‪F‬‬
‫ﺡ‬ ‫)‪ (3‬ﺍﺣﺴﺐ ﺇﺟﻬﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﺺ )‪ (τ‬ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ‪= t‬‬
‫ﺃ‬
‫ﺣﻴﺚ‪F‬ﺡ= ﺇﺟﻬﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﺺ )ﻳﻘﺎﺱ ﺑﻤﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﺣﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺺ(‬

‫)‪ (4‬ﺍﺭﺳﻢ ﺇﺟﻬﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﺺ ﺍﻷﻓﻘﻲ )‪ (τ‬ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﻹﺯﺍﺣﺔ ﺍﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ )ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻧﺒﻴﺔ(‬

‫؟ ﺡ‪.‬‬

‫)‪ (5‬ﺍﺣﺴﺐ ﺃﻗﺼﻰ ﺇﺟﻬﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﺺ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺨﺼﺎﺉﺺﺍﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﺑﻨﺎء ًﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﻓﻴﺴﻮﺭ‬

‫ﻛﺮﻳﺸﻨﺎﺭﻳﺪﻱ ‪UIC ،‬‬
‫‪163‬‬

‫)‪ (6‬ﺍﺭﺳﻢ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺇﺟﻬﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﺺ ﺍﻷﻗﺼﻰ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺑﻞ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩﻱ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﺔ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻜﺎﻙ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻲ )(‪ F‬ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺤﺪﺭ ﻣﻐﻠﻒ‬
‫ﻓﺸﻞ‪ Mohr-Coulomb‬ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺮﻳﺒﻲ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺨﺼﺎﺉﺺﺍﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﺑﻨﺎء ًﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﻓﻴﺴﻮﺭ‬

‫ﻛﺮﻳﺸﻨﺎﺭﻳﺪﻱ ‪UIC ،‬‬
‫‪164‬‬

‫ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﻟﻘﺺ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺷﺮ‬
‫ﻭﺭﻗﺔﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬

‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ‪ 30:‬ﺃﻏﺴﻄﺲ ‪ 2002‬ﻣﻔﺤﻮﺻﺔ ﻣﻦ‬

‫ﻗﺒﻞ‪:‬ﻓﺉﺔ ‪ ، CEMM315‬ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺃ ﺍﺳﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ‪:‬ﻣﺨﺘﺒﺮ ‪ CEMM315‬ﺭﻗﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ‪، 2'-4 ':‬‬
‫‪ K-3 ، AU-10‬ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺉﻲ‪:‬ﺭﻣﻞ ﺑﻨﻲ ﻣﻮﺣﺪ‬

‫ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕﺍﻟﻘﺺ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺮ‪ 6.3:‬ﺳﻢ‬

‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ)ﺃ(‪ 31.17:‬ﺳﻢ‪ 4.83 =2‬ﺑﻮﺻﺔ‪2‬‬

‫ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﻘﺺ‪ 4.9:‬ﺳﻢ‬

‫ﺣﺠﻢﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ‪ 119.9:‬ﺳﻢ‪3‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔﺍﻷﻭﻟﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﻋﺎء‪ .1000:‬ﺯ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺉﻴﺔﻟﻠﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﻋﺎء‪720.82:‬ﺳﻢ ﻛﺘﻠﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ‪ 279.18:‬ﺟﺮﺍﻡ ﻛﺜﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ )؟(‪ 1.65:‬ﺟﻢ‬
‫‪ /‬ﺳﻢ‪3‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺨﺼﺎﺉﺺﺍﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﺑﻨﺎء ًﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﻓﻴﺴﻮﺭ‬

‫ﻛﺮﻳﺸﻨﺎﺭﻳﺪﻱ ‪UIC ،‬‬
‫‪165‬‬

‫ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﺺ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺷﺮ‬

‫ﻣﻌﺪﻝﺍﻟﻨﺰﻭﺡ‪ _______:‬ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻱ‪:‬‬

‫‪2.27‬ﺭﻃﻞ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺑﻮﺻﺔ ﻣﺮﺑﻌﺔ‬

‫ﻗﺺ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﻃﻠﺐﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻝﺍﻷﻓﻘﻲ‬

‫ﺿﻐﻂﻋﺼﺒﻰ‬ ‫ﻗﻮﺓﺍﻟﻘﺺ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍءﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺯﺍﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍءﺓ‬
‫)ﺭﻃﻞ(‬ ‫)ﺭﻃﻞ(‬ ‫)ﻓﻲ(‬ ‫)‪ 0.001‬ﺑﻮﺻﺔ(‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫‪1.064‬‬ ‫‪5.142‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪0.01‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬
‫‪1.082‬‬ ‫‪5.231‬‬ ‫‪4.3‬‬ ‫‪0.019‬‬ ‫‪19‬‬
‫‪1.113‬‬ ‫‪5.379‬‬ ‫‪4.8‬‬ ‫‪0.029‬‬ ‫‪29‬‬
‫‪1.126‬‬ ‫‪5.439‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪0.036‬‬ ‫‪36‬‬
‫‪1.248‬‬ ‫‪6.033‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬ ‫‪0.044‬‬ ‫‪44‬‬
‫‪1.31‬‬ ‫‪6.33‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪0.051‬‬ ‫‪51‬‬
‫‪1.648‬‬ ‫‪7.963‬‬ ‫‪13.5‬‬ ‫‪0.057‬‬ ‫‪57‬‬
‫‪1.740‬‬ ‫‪8.409‬‬ ‫‪15‬‬ ‫‪0.063‬‬ ‫‪63‬‬
‫‪1.863‬‬ ‫‪9.002‬‬ ‫‪17‬‬ ‫‪0.07‬‬ ‫‪70‬‬
‫‪1.986‬‬ ‫‪9.597‬‬ ‫‪19‬‬ ‫‪0.076‬‬ ‫‪76‬‬
‫‪2.047‬‬ ‫‪9.893‬‬ ‫‪20‬‬ ‫‪0.084‬‬ ‫‪84‬‬
‫‪2.170‬‬ ‫‪10.488‬‬ ‫‪22‬‬ ‫‪0.091‬‬ ‫‪91‬‬
‫‪2.201‬‬ ‫‪10.636‬‬ ‫‪22.5‬‬ ‫‪0.1‬‬ ‫‪100‬‬
‫‪2.232‬‬ ‫‪10.785‬‬ ‫‪23‬‬ ‫‪0.107‬‬ ‫‪107‬‬
‫‪2.262‬‬ ‫‪10.933‬‬ ‫‪23.5‬‬ ‫‪0.144‬‬ ‫‪114‬‬
‫‪2.355‬‬ ‫‪11.379‬‬ ‫‪25‬‬ ‫‪0.1215‬‬ ‫‪121.5‬‬
‫‪2.385‬‬ ‫‪11.527‬‬ ‫‪25.5‬‬ ‫‪0.129‬‬ ‫‪129‬‬
‫‪2.416‬‬ ‫‪11.675‬‬ ‫‪26‬‬ ‫‪0.137‬‬ ‫‪137‬‬
‫‪2.478‬‬ ‫‪11.973‬‬ ‫‪27‬‬ ‫‪0.145‬‬ ‫‪145‬‬
‫‪2.508‬‬ ‫‪12.121‬‬ ‫‪27.5‬‬ ‫‪0.152‬‬ ‫‪152‬‬
‫‪2.539‬‬ ‫‪12.270‬‬ ‫‪28‬‬ ‫‪0.16‬‬ ‫‪160‬‬
‫‪2.355‬‬ ‫‪11.379‬‬ ‫‪25‬‬ ‫‪0.179‬‬ ‫‪179‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺨﺼﺎﺉﺺﺍﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﺑﻨﺎء ًﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﻓﻴﺴﻮﺭ‬

‫ﻛﺮﻳﺸﻨﺎﺭﻳﺪﻱ ‪UIC ،‬‬
‫‪166‬‬

‫ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﺺ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺷﺮ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻱ‪ 4.55:‬ﺭﻃﻞ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺑﻮﺻﺔ ﻣﺮﺑﻌﺔ‬

‫ﻗﺺ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﻃﻠﺐﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻘﻲ‬

‫ﺿﻐﻂﻋﺼﺒﻰ‬ ‫ﻗﻮﺓﺍﻟﻘﺺ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍءﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺯﺍﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻃﻠﺐﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍءﺓ‬
‫)ﺭﻃﻞ(‬ ‫)ﺭﻃﻞ(‬ ‫)ﻓﻲ(‬ ‫)‪ 0.001‬ﺑﻮﺻﺔ(‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫‪1.31‬‬ ‫‪6.330‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪0.0045‬‬ ‫‪4.5‬‬
‫‪1.556‬‬ ‫‪7.517‬‬ ‫‪12‬‬ ‫‪0.011‬‬ ‫‪11‬‬
‫‪1.648‬‬ ‫‪7.963‬‬ ‫‪13.5‬‬ ‫‪0.017‬‬ ‫‪17‬‬
‫‪1.77‬‬ ‫‪8.557‬‬ ‫‪15.5‬‬ ‫‪0.023‬‬ ‫‪23‬‬
‫‪1.832‬‬ ‫‪8.854‬‬ ‫‪16.5‬‬ ‫‪0.030‬‬ ‫‪30‬‬
‫‪1.955‬‬ ‫‪9.448‬‬ ‫‪18.5‬‬ ‫‪0.037‬‬ ‫‪37‬‬
‫‪2.047‬‬ ‫‪9.894‬‬ ‫‪20‬‬ ‫‪0.044‬‬ ‫‪44‬‬
‫‪2.232‬‬ ‫‪10.785‬‬ ‫‪23‬‬ ‫‪0.05‬‬ ‫‪50‬‬
‫‪2.385‬‬ ‫‪11.527‬‬ ‫‪25.5‬‬ ‫‪0.056‬‬ ‫‪56‬‬
‫‪2.60‬‬ ‫‪12.567‬‬ ‫‪29‬‬ ‫‪0.062‬‬ ‫‪62‬‬
‫‪2.754‬‬ ‫‪13.309‬‬ ‫‪31.5‬‬ ‫‪0.07‬‬ ‫‪70‬‬
‫‪2.846‬‬ ‫‪13.755‬‬ ‫‪33‬‬ ‫‪0.077‬‬ ‫‪77‬‬
‫‪3.031‬‬ ‫‪14.646‬‬ ‫‪36‬‬ ‫‪0.082‬‬ ‫‪82‬‬
‫‪3.215‬‬ ‫‪15.537‬‬ ‫‪39‬‬ ‫‪0.088‬‬ ‫‪88‬‬
‫‪3.4‬‬ ‫‪16.428‬‬ ‫‪42‬‬ ‫‪0.094‬‬ ‫‪94‬‬
‫‪3.522‬‬ ‫‪17.022‬‬ ‫‪44‬‬ ‫‪0.101‬‬ ‫‪101‬‬
‫‪3.768‬‬ ‫‪18.210‬‬ ‫‪48‬‬ ‫‪0.108‬‬ ‫‪108‬‬
‫‪3.83‬‬ ‫‪18.507‬‬ ‫‪49‬‬ ‫‪0.115‬‬ ‫‪115‬‬
‫‪4.13‬‬ ‫‪19.991‬‬ ‫‪54‬‬ ‫‪0.121‬‬ ‫‪121‬‬
‫‪4.291‬‬ ‫‪20.734‬‬ ‫‪56.5‬‬ ‫‪0.127‬‬ ‫‪127‬‬
‫‪4.352‬‬ ‫‪21.031‬‬ ‫‪57.5‬‬ ‫‪0.136‬‬ ‫‪136‬‬
‫‪4.506‬‬ ‫‪21.774‬‬ ‫‪60‬‬ ‫‪0.141‬‬ ‫‪141‬‬
‫‪4.599‬‬ ‫‪22.219‬‬ ‫‪61.5‬‬ ‫‪0.148‬‬ ‫‪148‬‬
‫‪4.62‬‬ ‫‪22.368‬‬ ‫‪62‬‬ ‫‪0.155‬‬ ‫‪155‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺨﺼﺎﺉﺺﺍﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﺑﻨﺎء ًﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﻓﻴﺴﻮﺭ‬

‫ﻛﺮﻳﺸﻨﺎﺭﻳﺪﻱ ‪UIC ،‬‬
‫‪167‬‬

‫ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﺺ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺷﺮ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻱ‪ 6.82:‬ﺭﻃﻞ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺑﻮﺻﺔ ﻣﺮﺑﻌﺔ‬

‫ﻗﺺ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻝﺍﻟﻬﺎﺗﻔﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻘﻲ‬

‫ﺿﻐﻂﻋﺼﺒﻰ‬ ‫ﻗﻮﺓﺍﻟﻘﺺ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍءﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺯﺍﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻃﻠﺐﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍءﺓ‬
‫)ﺭﻃﻞ(‬ ‫)ﺭﻃﻞ(‬ ‫)ﻓﻲ(‬ ‫)‪ 0.001‬ﺑﻮﺻﺔ(‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫‪1.801‬‬ ‫‪8.706‬‬ ‫‪16‬‬ ‫‪0.001‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪2.170‬‬ ‫‪10.488‬‬ ‫‪22‬‬ ‫‪0.005‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫‪2.478‬‬ ‫‪11.972‬‬ ‫‪27‬‬ ‫‪0.01‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬
‫‪2.723‬‬ ‫‪13.16‬‬ ‫‪31‬‬ ‫‪0.015‬‬ ‫‪15‬‬
‫‪2.908‬‬ ‫‪14.052‬‬ ‫‪34‬‬ ‫‪0.021‬‬ ‫‪21‬‬
‫‪3.031‬‬ ‫‪14.646‬‬ ‫‪36‬‬ ‫‪0.028‬‬ ‫‪28‬‬
‫‪3.338‬‬ ‫‪16.131‬‬ ‫‪41‬‬ ‫‪0.034‬‬ ‫‪34‬‬
‫‪3.37‬‬ ‫‪16.279‬‬ ‫‪41.5‬‬ ‫‪0.039‬‬ ‫‪39‬‬
‫‪3.461‬‬ ‫‪16.725‬‬ ‫‪43‬‬ ‫‪0.042‬‬ ‫‪42‬‬
‫‪3.584‬‬ ‫‪17.319‬‬ ‫‪45‬‬ ‫‪0.051‬‬ ‫‪51‬‬
‫‪3.707‬‬ ‫‪17.913‬‬ ‫‪47‬‬ ‫‪0.061‬‬ ‫‪61‬‬
‫‪3.891‬‬ ‫‪18.804‬‬ ‫‪50‬‬ ‫‪0.068‬‬ ‫‪68‬‬
‫‪4.13‬‬ ‫‪19.99‬‬ ‫‪54‬‬ ‫‪0.074‬‬ ‫‪74‬‬
‫‪4.26‬‬ ‫‪20.586‬‬ ‫‪56‬‬ ‫‪0.082‬‬ ‫‪82‬‬
‫‪4.383‬‬ ‫‪21.18‬‬ ‫‪58‬‬ ‫‪0.088‬‬ ‫‪88‬‬
‫‪4.568‬‬ ‫‪22.071‬‬ ‫‪61‬‬ ‫‪0.094‬‬ ‫‪94‬‬
‫‪4.690‬‬ ‫‪22.665‬‬ ‫‪63‬‬ ‫‪0.1015‬‬ ‫‪101.5‬‬
‫‪4.937‬‬ ‫‪23.85‬‬ ‫‪67‬‬ ‫‪0.109‬‬ ‫‪109‬‬
‫‪5.244‬‬ ‫‪25.337‬‬ ‫‪72‬‬ ‫‪0.115‬‬ ‫‪115‬‬
‫‪5.428‬‬ ‫‪26.228‬‬ ‫‪75‬‬ ‫‪0.122‬‬ ‫‪122‬‬
‫‪5.612‬‬ ‫‪27.119‬‬ ‫‪78‬‬ ‫‪0.128‬‬ ‫‪128‬‬
‫‪5.858‬‬ ‫‪28.307‬‬ ‫‪82‬‬ ‫‪0.133‬‬ ‫‪133‬‬
‫‪5.92‬‬ ‫‪28.605‬‬ ‫‪83‬‬ ‫‪0.138‬‬ ‫‪138‬‬
‫‪5.92‬‬ ‫‪28.60‬‬ ‫‪83‬‬ ‫‪0.142‬‬ ‫‪142‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺨﺼﺎﺉﺺﺍﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﺑﻨﺎء ًﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﻓﻴﺴﻮﺭ‬

‫ﻛﺮﻳﺸﻨﺎﺭﻳﺪﻱ ‪UIC ،‬‬
‫‪168‬‬

‫‪7‬‬

‫‪6‬‬
‫‪5.9‬ﺭﻃﻞ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺑﻮﺻﺔ ﻣﺮﺑﻌﺔ‬

‫‪4.7‬ﺭﻃﻞ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺑﻮﺻﺔ ﻣﺮﺑﻌﺔ‬ ‫‪5‬‬

‫‪4‬‬

‫‪3‬‬
‫ﺇﺟﻬﺎﺩﺍﻟﻘﺺ )ﺭﻃﻞ(‬

‫‪2.6‬ﺭﻃﻞ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺑﻮﺻﺔ ﻣﺮﺑﻌﺔ‬

‫‪2‬‬
‫ﺍﻹﺟﻬﺎﺩﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ = ‪ 2.27‬ﺭﻃﻞ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺑﻮﺻﺔ ﻣﺮﺑﻌﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻹﺟﻬﺎﺩﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ = ‪ 4.55‬ﺭﻃﻞ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺑﻮﺻﺔ ﻣﺮﺑﻌﺔ‬ ‫‪1‬‬

‫ﺍﻹﺟﻬﺎﺩﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ = ‪ 6.82‬ﺭﻃﻞ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺑﻮﺻﺔ ﻣﺮﺑﻌﺔ‬

‫‪0‬‬
‫‪0.2‬‬ ‫‪0.18‬‬ ‫‪0.16‬‬ ‫‪0.14‬‬ ‫‪0.12‬‬ ‫‪0.1‬‬ ‫‪0.08‬‬ ‫‪0.06‬‬ ‫‪0.04‬‬ ‫‪0.02‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺰﻭﺡﺍﻷﻓﻘﻲ )‪(in‬‬

‫‪8‬‬

‫‪7‬‬

‫‪6‬‬
‫ﺇﺟﻬﺎﺩﺍﻟﻘﺺ ﺍﻷﻓﻘﻲ )‪(psi‬‬

‫‪5‬‬

‫= ‪54ϕ‬‬
‫‪ο‬‬
‫‪4‬‬

‫‪3‬‬

‫‪2‬‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫‪0‬‬
‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫ﺍﻹﺟﻬﺎﺩﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ )‪(psi‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺨﺼﺎﺉﺺﺍﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﺑﻨﺎء ًﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﻓﻴﺴﻮﺭ‬

‫ﻛﺮﻳﺸﻨﺎﺭﻳﺪﻱ ‪UIC ،‬‬
‫‪169‬‬

‫ﺃﻭﺭﺍﻕﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﻏﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺨﺼﺎﺉﺺﺍﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﺑﻨﺎء ًﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﻓﻴﺴﻮﺭ‬

‫ﻛﺮﻳﺸﻨﺎﺭﻳﺪﻱ ‪UIC ،‬‬
‫‪170‬‬

‫ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﻟﻘﺺ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺷﺮ‬
‫ﻭﺭﻗﺔﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬

‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ‪:‬‬
‫ﻣﻔﺤﻮﺻﺔﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ‪:‬‬

‫ﺍﺳﻢﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ‪:‬‬
‫ﺭﻗﻢﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻒﺍﻟﻤﺮﺉﻲ‪:‬‬

‫ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕﺍﻟﻘﺺ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺮ‪:‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ)ﺃ(‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﻘﺺ‪:‬‬
‫ﺣﺠﻢﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔﺍﻷﻭﻟﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻮﺽ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺉﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻮﺽ‪:‬‬
‫ﻛﺘﻠﺔﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﻛﺜﺎﻓﺔﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ )؟(‪:‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺨﺼﺎﺉﺺﺍﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﺑﻨﺎء ًﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﻓﻴﺴﻮﺭ‬

‫ﻛﺮﻳﺸﻨﺎﺭﻳﺪﻱ ‪UIC ،‬‬
‫‪171‬‬

‫ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﺺ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺷﺮ‬

‫ﻣﻌﺪﻝﺍﻟﻨﺰﻭﺡ‪ _______:‬ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻱ‪_______:‬ﺭﻃﻞ‬

‫ﻗﺺ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﻃﻠﺐﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻝﺍﻷﻓﻘﻲ‬

‫ﺿﻐﻂﻋﺼﺒﻰ‬ ‫ﻗﻮﺓﺍﻟﻘﺺ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍءﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺯﺍﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍءﺓ‬
‫)ﺭﻃﻞ(‬ ‫)ﺭﻃﻞ(‬ ‫)ﻓﻲ(‬ ‫)‪ 0.001‬ﺑﻮﺻﺔ(‬

‫ﺍﻟﺨﺼﺎﺉﺺﺍﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﺑﻨﺎء ًﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﻓﻴﺴﻮﺭ‬

‫ﻛﺮﻳﺸﻨﺎﺭﻳﺪﻱ ‪UIC ،‬‬
‫‪172‬‬

‫ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﺺ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺷﺮ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻱ‪_________:‬ﺭﻃﻞ‬
‫ﻗﺺ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﻃﻠﺐﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻘﻲ‬
‫ﺿﻐﻂﻋﺼﺒﻰ‬ ‫ﻗﻮﺓﺍﻟﻘﺺ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍءﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺯﺍﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻃﻠﺐﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍءﺓ‬
‫)ﺭﻃﻞ(‬ ‫)ﺭﻃﻞ(‬ ‫)ﻓﻲ(‬ ‫)‪ 0.001‬ﺑﻮﺻﺔ(‬

‫ﺍﻟﺨﺼﺎﺉﺺﺍﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﺑﻨﺎء ًﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﻓﻴﺴﻮﺭ‬

‫ﻛﺮﻳﺸﻨﺎﺭﻳﺪﻱ ‪UIC ،‬‬
‫‪173‬‬

‫ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﺺ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺷﺮ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻱ‪_______:‬ﺭﻃﻞ‬
‫ﻗﺺ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻝﺍﻟﻬﺎﺗﻔﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻘﻲ‬
‫ﺿﻐﻂﻋﺼﺒﻰ‬ ‫ﻗﻮﺓﺍﻟﻘﺺ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍءﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺯﺍﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻃﻠﺐﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍءﺓ‬
‫)ﺭﻃﻞ(‬ ‫)ﺭﻃﻞ(‬ ‫)ﻓﻲ(‬ ‫)‪ 0.001‬ﺑﻮﺻﺔ(‬

‫ﺍﻟﺨﺼﺎﺉﺺﺍﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﺑﻨﺎء ًﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﻓﻴﺴﻮﺭ‬

‫ﻛﺮﻳﺸﻨﺎﺭﻳﺪﻱ ‪UIC ،‬‬
‫‪174‬‬

‫‪30‬‬
‫‪28‬‬
‫‪26‬‬
‫‪24‬‬
‫‪22‬‬
‫‪20‬‬
‫‪18‬‬
‫‪16‬‬
‫‪14‬‬
‫‪12‬‬
‫‪10‬‬
‫ﺇﺟﻬﺎﺩﺍﻟﻘﺺ )ﺭﻃﻞ(‬

‫‪8‬‬
‫‪6‬‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪0‬‬
‫‪10‬‬ ‫‪9‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺰﻭﺡﺍﻷﻓﻘﻲ )‪(in‬‬

‫‪20‬‬
‫‪18‬‬
‫‪16‬‬
‫‪14‬‬
‫‪12‬‬
‫‪10‬‬
‫ﺇﺟﻬﺎﺩﺍﻟﻘﺺ ﺍﻷﻓﻘﻲ )‪(psi‬‬

‫‪8‬‬
‫‪6‬‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪0‬‬
‫‪20 18 16 14 12 108‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫ﺍﻹﺟﻬﺎﺩﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ )‪(psi‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺨﺼﺎﺉﺺﺍﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﺑﻨﺎء ًﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﻓﻴﺴﻮﺭ‬

‫ﻛﺮﻳﺸﻨﺎﺭﻳﺪﻱ ‪UIC ،‬‬