FUNCTIONS

Prepared by:
Engr. Liza Olvido
DEFINITION

• A set of inputs (called the domain);

• A rule by which each input determines one and only one
output;
• A set of outputs (called the range).
Representation of Functions
• Verbally by description of words
Example 1: The area of a triangle is half the product of its base and
its height.

• Numerically by table of values

Example 2:
Example 3: by table of values (Numerically)

Price of Gasoline in Peso per Minimum Fare in Peso, f (x)

Liter, x
45.00 – 48.99 7.00
49.00 – 52.99 8.00
53.00 – 57.99 9.00
Representation of Functions
• Visually by a graph
x y = f(x)
Example 4: 2 –2
0 –2
–2 –2

If x = 2; y = –2 Therefore, P1(2, –2) lies on the graph

If x = 0; y = –2 Therefore, P1(0, –2) lies on the graph
If x = –2; y = –2 Therefore, P1(–2, –2) lies on the graph
Example 5: by graph (Visually)

𝒇 𝟎 = 𝟓; 𝒇 𝟔 = −𝟏; 𝒈 −𝟐 = 𝟎; 𝒈 𝟑 =𝟕

𝒇 𝒙 =𝒈 𝒙 𝒘𝒉𝒆𝒏 𝒙 ≅ 𝟐. 𝟖 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒙 ≅ −𝟏. 𝟓

Representation of Functions
• Algebraically by an equation
Example:
The volume of a cube is expressed by the algebraic formula

𝒚 = 𝒙𝟑
where y represents the volume and x the side length of the cube.
x y = f(x)
1 1
2 8
2.5 15.625
The Vertical Line Test
The graph of a function 𝑦 = 𝑓 𝑥 has this property:
No vertical line intersects the graph more than once. Conversely, any
graph with this property is the graph of a function.
Example: x = y2 − 4 y + 1
The Greatest Integer Function

Example:
 𝒙−𝟐
𝑬𝒙𝒂𝒎𝒑𝒍𝒆: 𝒇 𝒙 =
𝒙+𝟒

𝟐−𝟐 𝟎
𝒇 𝟐 = = =𝟎
𝟐+𝟒 𝟔

𝟑−𝟐 𝟏
𝒇 𝟑 = = =𝟎
𝟑+𝟒 𝟕

−𝟑 − 𝟐 −𝟓
𝒇 −𝟑 = = = −𝟓 = −𝟓
−𝟑 + 𝟒 𝟏

𝟏
𝟏 −𝟐 −𝟑 𝟏
𝒇 = 𝟐 = = − = −𝟏
𝟐 𝟏 𝟗 𝟑
+𝟒
𝟐
YouTube(Refer to the link in GC)
1. DOMAIN and RANGE of a Function
2. Piecewise Functions
3. Composition of Functions
4. One-to-One Functions
5. Inverse of a Function