Sector : CONSTRUCTION/ELECTRICAL

Qualification Title: ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION AND

MAINTENANCE

Unit of Competency: Install electrical protective devices for

distribution, power, lighting, auxiliary, lightning protection and
grounding systems

Module Title: Installing electrical protective devices for

distribution, power, lighting, auxiliary, lightning
protection and grounding systems
 Plan
Training
Session
 NATIONAL CERTIFIFCATE LEVEL II
QUALIFICATION LEVEL

COMPETENCY BASED LEARNING MATERIALS

No. Unit of Competency Module Title Code

Perform roughing-in Performing roughing-in

activities, wiring and activities, wiring and
cabling works for single- cabling works for single-
1. ELC741301
phase distribution, phase distribution, power,
power, lighting and lighting and auxiliary
auxiliary systems systems
Install electrical Installing electrical
protective devices for protective devices for
distribution, power, distribution, power, ELC741302
2. lighting, auxiliary, lighting, auxiliary,
lightning protection
and lightning protection and
grounding systems grounding systems

Install wiring devices Installing wiring devices

of floor and wall of floor and wall ELC741303
mounted outlets, mounted outlets,
3.
lighting fixtures/ lighting fixtures/
switches, and switches, and auxiliary
auxiliary outlets outlets
 How to Use this Competency-Based Learning Material

Welcome to the module in installing electrical protection

system for lighting and grounding. This module contains training
materials and activities for you to complete.

The unit of competency “Install electrical protection system

for lighting and grounding” contains knowledge, skills and attitudes
required for Electrical Installation and Maintenance NC II. It is one
of the specialized modules at National Certificates Level (NC II).

You are required to go through a series of learning activities in

order to complete each learning outcome of the module. In each
learning outcome are Information Sheets and Resources Sheets
(Reference Materials for further reading to help you better understand
the required activities). Follow these activities on your own and
answer the self-check at the end of each learning outcome. You may
remove a blank answer sheet at the end of each module (or get one
from your facilitator/ trainer) to write your answers for each self-
check. If you have questions, don’t hesitate to ask you facilitator for
assistance.

Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL)

You may already have some or most of the knowledge and skills
covered in this learner’s guide because of you have:
 been working for some time
 already completed training in this area

If you can demonstrate to your trainer that you are competent in

a particular skill or skills, talk to him/ her about having them
formally recognized so you don’t have to do the same training
again. If you have a qualification or Certificate of Competency from
previous trainings, show it to your trainer. If the skills you
acquired are still current and relevant to the unit/s of competency
they may become part of the evidence you can present for RPL. If
you are not sure about the currency of your skills, discuss this
with your trainer.

At the end of this module is a Learner’s Diary. Use this diary to

record important dates, jobs undertaken and other workplace events
that will assist you in providing further details to your trainer or
assessor. A Record of Achievement is also provided for your trainer
to complete once you complete the module.

This module was prepared to help you achieve competency, in

Install electrical protection system for lighting and grounding.
This will be the source of information for you to acquire knowledge
and skills in this particular trade independently and at your own
pace, with minimum supervision or help from your trainer.

 Talk to your trainer and agree on how you will both organize the
Training unit. Read through the module carefully. It is divided
into sections, which cover all the skills, and knowledge you need
to successfully complete this module.
 Work through all the information and complete the activities in
section. Read information sheets and complete the self-check.
Suggested references are included to supplement the materials
provided in this module.
 Most probably your trainer will also by your supervisor or
manager. He/ she is there to support you and show you the
correct way to do things.
 Your trainer will tell you about the important things you need to
consider when you are completing activities and it is important
that you listen and take notes.
 You will be given plenty of opportunity to ask questions and
practice on the job. Make sure you practice your new skills
during regular work shifts. This way you will improve both your
speed and memory and also your confidence.
 Talk to more experience workmates and ask for their guidance.
 Use the self-check questions at the end of each section to test
your own progress.
 When you are ready, ask your trainer to watch you perform the
activities outline in this module.
 As you work through the activities, ask for written feedback on
your progress. Your trainer keeps feedback/ pre-assessment
reports for this reason. When you have successfully completed
each element, ask your trainer to mark on the reports that you
are ready for institutional assessment.
 When you have completed the institutional assessment, the
results of your assessment will be recorded in our competency
Achievement Record and Progress chart.
 MODULE CONTENT

UNIT OF COMPETENCY: INSTALL ELECTRICAL PROTECTION

SYSTEM FOR LIGHTING AND
GROUNDING

MODULE TITLE : INSTALLING ELECTRICAL

PROTECTION
SYSTEM FOR LIGHTING AND
GROUNDING

MODULE DESCRIPTOR: This module covers the knowledge, skills

and
Proper attitude in installing electrical
protection system. It deals with
installation of high/low voltage switch gear,
earth leakage circuit breaker, lighting
protection and grounding system.

NOMINAL DURATION : 30 hours

LEARNING OUTCOME:
At the completion of this module the trainees/student must be
able to:
LO 1. Plan and prepare work
LO 2. Install electrical protection system

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
1. Instructions for the preparation of the work activity are
communicated and confirmed to ensure clear understanding
2. Tools, equipment and PPE needed to install electrical protection
system are identified, checked to ensure they work correctly as
intended and are safe to use in accordance with established
procedures
3. Materials needed for work are obtained in accordance with
established procedures
4. Electrical protections systems are installed according to the
latest edition of Philippine Electrical Code and National
Electrical Code.
5. Electrical protection system are installed according to the job
requirements
6. Tools/equipment and materials needed for the installation are
prepared in line with job requirements.
7. Safety procedures in installing electrical protection system are
strictly observed according OHS guidelines and procedures.
 LEARNING OUTCOME SUMMARY

LO1. PLAN AND PREPARE WORK

CONTENT:

 Planning and preparing work.

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:

1. Instruction for the preparation of the work activity are

communicated and confirmed to ensure clear
understanding.
2. Tools, equipment and PPE needed to install electrical
protection system are identified, checked to ensure they
work correctly as intended and are safe to use in accordance
with established procedure.
3. Materials needed for work obtained in accordance with
established procedure.

CONDITIONS:

Student/trainees must be provided with the following:

 Learning Materials

 Learning elements

METHODOLOGIES:

 Demonstration
 Discussion
 Practical exercise
 Laboratory exercise
 Film viewing

ASSESSMENT METHODS:
 Demonstration
 Direct observation and questioning
 LEARNING EXPERIENCES

Learning Outcome #1: Plan and Prepare Work

Learning Activities Special Instructions
1. Read information sheet After reading information sheet 4.1-
4.1-1 1, you can now answer self-check
4.1-1
2. Answer self-check 4.1-1 Compare answer with the answer
key. You are required to get all
answer correct. If not read the
information sheet again to answer
all question correct.
After all doing the activity of this
L.O., you now ready to proceed to
the next L.O., on installing electrical
protection system.
 INFORMATION SHEET 4.1-1
Plan and prepare work in installing Electrical Protection
System for Lighting and Grounding

Objectives:
At the end of this session, the trainee should be able to know
the concept, principles and install electrical protection system needed
with the job requirements.

Before you begin installing electrical protection you should have

always obtains the technical drawing and be familiar of the items and
definition used. Follow always safety guidelines in installing electrical
protection system. After reading the technical drawing, it is important
to prepare the following:

A. Tools
B. Equipment
C. PPEs
D. Materials

Identifying equipment needed in installing electrical protection

system.

Driving tools - Drivers are used to drill,

insert and drive screws, nuts and bolts
into surfaces with mechanical and
manual force.

Cutting and griping tools -

Striking tools

Circuit breaker - is an automatically operated

electrical switch designed to protect an electrical
circuit from damage caused by overload or short
circuit.

Multi-tester - is an electronic measuring instrument

that combines several measurement functions in one
unit.

Test light - is a simple piece of electronic test

equipment used to determine the presence or
absence of an electric voltage in a piece of
equipment under test.

Pliers - area hand tool used to hold objects

firmly, possibly developed from tongs used to
handle wires.
Clamp ammeter – use to measure electrical current.

Personal Protective Equipment must be check to unsure they

work correctly as intended and safe to use.

Electrical Gloves

Safety Shoes
Hard hat

The following materials are commonly used as protection in the electrical

system

Fuse

Circuit Breaker

High/Low voltage switcher gear

Earth leakage circuit breaker

Grounding System

Grounding and ground fault

The Philippine Electrical Code PEC defines

Ground as Zero Voltage. The purpose of
grounding the circuit is to fix permanently
a zero voltage point in the system. The
grounded line of a circuit should not be
broken nor focused to maintain a solid and
interrupted connection to the ground. An
establishment ground automatically
becomes the reference for all voltage in
system.

Grounding Could be Accomplished by:

1. Connecting to a buried cold water main.
2. Connecting to a ground rod.
3. Connecting to a buried ground plate.

Reasons for Grounding the Circuit System

1. To prevent a sustained contact between the low voltage secondary line and
the high voltage primary line in case of insulation fire.
2. To prevent single grounds from being unnoticed or detected until a
secondary line.
3. To facilitate in locating the ground faults.
4. To protect against a short sudden rush of electric current in the circuit.
5. To establish a neutral at zero potential not to be interrupted by switches
or other devices.
6. To connect the service entrance to ground only at one point and to use
colored wires for easy identification.
EARTH GROUNDING

It is the responsibility of the installer to connect all electronic irrigation

equipment for which he is responsible to
earth ground in accordance with Article
250 of the National Electrical Code (NEC.)
Grounding components will include the
items described in the following
paragraphs, at a minimum.

Use grounding electrodes that are UL listed

or manufactured to meet the minimum
requirements of Article 250-52 of the 1999
NEC. At the very minimum, the grounding
circuit will include a copper clad steel
ground rod, a solid copper ground plate
and 100 pounds of PowerSet earth contact
material, as defined below and per the
following detail.

BONDING

The above grounding circuit is referred-

to as "supplementary grounding" in the
NEC. And for safety reasons, the NEC
requires that all supplementary grounds
be "bonded" to each other and to the
service entrance ground (power source)
as shown below. This is also
"recommended practice" of IEEE
Standard 1100-1999. Note that this is
in addition to the equipment ground,
which is commonly referred-to as "the
green wire." The Black, White and
Green wires must always be kept together in a trench/conduit/tray/etc.

SHIELDING

The bonding conductors are to be installed in such a way so that they also act
as shielding conductors. This becomes a network of solid bare copper wire over
all the main bundles of other wires and
cables.

The bare copper wire is to be installed as

close to the surface as possible, yet being
sufficiently below the ground level as to
prevent damage from maintenance
equipment such as aerators. And it must
be placed above all other
valve/power/communication wires and cables, per detail, and installed in all
trenches as shown on the electrical plan drawings. It is not necessary to install
this conductor over short wire runs (less than 150 feet) away from the main wire
bundles. The conductor is laid in as straight a line as possible, and when
necessary to make bends, do so in a sweeping motion using the following detail
as a guideline.

Note: When connecting bare

copper wires to the ground lug
of electronic equipment, feed it
through a dedicated 1 ½"
plastic sweep ell to
automatically meet the
requirements of the “sweep
bend" shown here.

The shield network is to be connected to the service entrance earth ground, to

all electronic equipment ground lugs, and all equipment supplementary
grounding electrodes. One such network is necessary for each power source. Do
not interconnect the equipment ground wires from different power source.

Parts of a Circuit Breaker

INSIDE A CIRCUIT BREAKER (WIKIPEDIA) THIS IS A EUROPEAN DIN MOUNT B
1. Actuator lever – used to manually trip and reset the circuit breaker. Also
indicates the status of the circuit breaker (On or Off/tripped). Most breakers
are designed so they can still trip even if the lever is held or locked in the “on”
position. This is sometimes referred to as “free trip” or “positive trip”
operation.
2. Actuator mechanism – forces the contacts together or apart.
3. Contacts – Allow current when touching and break the current when moved
apart.
4. Terminals
5. Bimetallic strip.
6. Calibration screw – allows the manufacturer to precisely adjust the trip
current of the device after assembly.
7. Solenoid
8. Arc divider/extinguisher
The assumption that the two halves of DP breakers can serve as SP breakers
proved to be very wrong. The double-pole breakers are NOT just two single
pole breakers physically joined. We found this out the hard way when we
had a total short in one of our circuits and the 20 amp breaker did not trip,
but instead melted a #12 AWG

We then tested the breakers on a test circuit. We found that only one side of our
double pole breaker provide short circuit protection. It’s unknown which side
may provide over current protection. Presumably, breakers made to be used as
single-pole provide both protections in a single breaker, as do double-pole
breakers used as a unit.

We decided we were not so smart after all. Since we had a plug-in type of panel
box for which single-pole breakers are not available, we had no choice but to
wire our plug-in style panel box, as many local electricians do, using double-pole
breakers.

We took out the link we had installed connecting the two panel box bus bars
and bought new double-pole breakers. Now, one of the buses was hot, the
other bus was neutral. When a double pole breaker is installed, one pole of the
breaker protects the load wire and one the neutral wire for each branch circuit.

We used a specific GE double pole breaker which is sold and in almost universal
use here – the TQL2415X or TQL2420X. Our electrical supply store only sells GE
brand breakers. I could not find these “X-suffix” breakers in the huge online GE
breaker directory, but did read elsewhere that the X designation is for “special
purpose” applications. The GE breakers sold here are 240/415 volt rated. This
must have been a huge overload, far beyond 20 amps.

Self-check 4.1-1

1. What a part of a panel boards/load center is to [provide protection of

components and personnel?
a. Dead front handles
b. Enclosure
c. Removable door
d. Gland plates
2. What a part of a panel boards/load center that allows the user to install
conduit and cables?
a. Bottom plates
b. Enclosure
c. Knockout punch
d. Knockout hole
3. What a part of a panel boards/load center that provides space for listing
which breaker provides service for each room are large appliance?
a. Front plates
b. Enclosure
c. Circuit breaker
d. Circuit directory
4. What are the function of fuses and circuit breakers in electrical circuits?
a. Serves as protection of conductors
b. Serves as protection of electrical loads and equipments
 c. Serves as a current limiter to the circuit
d. All of the above
5. What element used in a thermal trip of a circuit breaker?
a. Metallic bend
b. Temperature
c. Bi-metallic
d. All of the above

Answer key 4.2-1

1. D
2. D
3. D
4. D
5. D

LEARNING OUTCOME SUMMARY

LO2. INSTALL ELECTRICAL PROTECTION SYSTEM

CONTENTS:
 PEC provisions and requirements on installing electrical
protection system
 Procedures in installing electrical protection system
 Safety procedures in installing electrical protection system
 Safety switch fuse cut-out
 High/Low Voltage Switch Gear-HLVSG
 Earth Leakage Circuit Breaker-ELCB
 Conventional atmospheric lighting protection
 Grounding system

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
1. Electrical protection systems are installed according to the latest edition
of Philippine Electrical Code and National Electrical Code.
2. Electrical protection systems are installed according to the job
requirements.
3.Tools/equipment and materials needed for the installation are prepared
in line with job requirements.
4.Safety procedures in installing electrical protection systems are strictly
observed according to OHS guidelines and procedures.

CONDITIONS:
Students/trainees must be provided with the following:
 Tools and Equipment
o Lineman’s pliers
o Long nose pliers
o Diagonal cutting pliers
o Set of screw driver
o Claw hammer
o Hacksaw
o Measuring tools
o Reamer
o Ladder
 Equipment
o Wiring booth/ Simulated
workplace/wiring booth
o PPE
 Learning Materials
o Learning elements
o Manuals
o Books and
o Philippine Electrical
Code/National Electrical
Code, Latest Edition

METHODOLOGIES:
 Demonstration
 Discussion
 Practical exercises
 Laboratory exercises
ASSESSMENT METHODS:
 Demonstration
 Direct observation and questioning

LEARNING EXPERIENCES
Learning Outcome #1: Install electrical protection system
Learning Activities Special Instructions
1. Read information sheet 4.2- After reading information sheet 4.1-1,
1 you can now answer self-check 4.1-1
2. Answer self-check 4.2-2 Compare answer with the answer key.
You are required to get all answer
correct. If not read the information
sheet again to answer all question
correct.
3. Perform job sheet 4.2-1 Evaluate your own work using
performance criteria. Present your work
to your trainer for evaluation and
recording.
4. Perform job sheet 4.2-2 Evaluate your own work using
performance criteria. Present your work
to your trainer for evaluation and
recording.
After doing all the activity of this L.O.,
you are now ready to proceed to the
next module. Ask your trainer for the
assistance.
 INFORMATION SHEET 4.2-1
Installing Electrical Protection system for lighting and
Grounding

Learning Objective: After reading the information sheet, the trainees

will be able to install electrical protection system in accordance with
the PEC and in line with the job requirements.

Fuse, Breaker and Panel Board

Fuse is defined as; an over all current protective device with a circuit
opening fusible element which opens (break) when there is an over
current in the circuit.

The fuse is a onetime protective device to e replaced after the fault is

cleared. It is the simplest and most common type of circuit protective
device used in most common house wiring installations. It is available
in hundred design ratings and shapes but basically, the same in
functions.

Generally, fuse consist of a link or write that easily melt at low

temperature classified into two types:

1. The cartridge type which is enclosed in an insulting fiber tube

and
2. The plug fuse type enclosed in a porcelain cap.

TABLE 3-3 FUSE RATING AND CONSTRUCTION

Current Ratings
0 to 10
15, 20, 25 to 30
0 to 10
35, 40, 45, 50 to 60
70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 125, 150, Cartridge type, knife blade
175, 200, 225, 250, 300, 350,
400, 450, 500, 600
800, 1000, 1200, 1600, 2000,
2500, 3000,4000,5000, 6000
Remarks
Plug fuse construction mas. 150
v. To ground
Cartridge type with ferrules single
and dual element 250 and 600
volts
contacts: 250 and 600 volts
Cartridge type bolted knife blade
contacts; 600 volts
Circuit Breaker

The circuit breaker is an over-current protective device

designed to function as a switch. Basically, a circuit breaker is
equipped with an automatic tripping device to protect the branch
circuit from overload and ground fault. Circuit breaker can be
manually tripped, so that, in many cases, it also acts as circuit
switch.

Trip or Tripping refers to the cutting-off or disconnection of the

current supply.

Advantages of Circuit Breaker over the Fuse

1. The circuit breaker act as switch aside from its being an over
current protective device.

2. Unlike the fuse that has to be

discarded after it was busted due
to
an over current flow, the circuit
breaker trips off automatically
and after correcting the fault, it is
again readily available for switch
on.

3. Circuit breaker can be multiple pole installed with 1, 2, or

3pole which will simultaneously protect and switch once to
three lines. The fuse on the other hand, is a single pole,
installed on a single wire that could only protect a single
electric line.

4. The circuit breaker position is easier

to detect. It could be closed, tripped,
or open right at the handle. On the
contrary, the busted fuse could not
be detected easily because the
melted fusible element is inside the
fuse casing.

5. The circuit breaker can be manually tripped so that in many

cases, it also acts as the circuit switch.
Advantages of the Fuse over the Circuit Breaker

Despite the advantages of the circuit breaker over the fuse, the later
has also some advantages over the
circuit breaker enumerated as
follows:

1. One major advantage of the

fuse over the circuit breaker is
its reliability and stability. The
fuse can stay on its position
for ears and act when called
on to act as designed.
2. To cost of the fuse is very
much lower compared to that of the circuit breaker.
3. Circuit breakers has several moving parts which requires
maintenance and periodic testing to be in good condition at all
time.

TABLE 3-4 TYPICAL MOLDED CASE CIRCUIT BREAKER

CHARACTERISTICS
Frame Size Trip Setting (Amp) Voltage Remarks
Amperes *
50 15 20 30 40 240 1-3 poles
50
100 240 1-3 poles
15 20 30 40 600
50 70 90 100
225 600 1-3 poles
70 90 100 125
150 175 200 225
400/600 600 1-3 poles
125 150 175 200 600
225
800/1200 600 1-3 poles
250 300 350 400
500
600 250 300 350 400 600 2-3 poles
500 3 poles
600 800 1000 1200
400 600 800 1000
1200 1600
Maximum cord and plug connected load to receptacle

Circuit rating Receptacle rating Maximum load

(Amperes) (Amperes) (Amperes)
15 or 20 15 12
20 20 16
30 30 24
Permissible load
In no case shall the load exceed the branch circuit ampere rating.
An individual branch circuit shall be permitted to supply any load for
which it is rated. A branch circuit supplying two or more outlets or
receptacles shall supply only the load specified according to its size
and specified below:

a. 15 and 20 Ampere Branch circuit. A 15 and 20 Ampere branch

circuit shall be permitted to supply lighting units or other utilization
equipment, or a combination of both, and shall comply with:
1. Cord and plug connected equipment not fastened in place. The
rating of any one cord and plug connected utilization equipment not
fastened in place shall not exceed 80% of the branch circuit ampere
rating.
2. Utilization Equipment Fastened in Place. The total rating of
utilization equipment in place, other than luminaries (Lighting
Fixtures), shall not exceed to 50% of the branch circuit ampere rating
where lighting units, cord and plug connected utilization equipment
not fastened in place or both, are also supplied.

b. 30 Ampere Branch circuit. A 30 ampere branch circuit shall be

permitted to supply fixed lighting units with heavy-duty lamp holders
in other than a dwelling unit(s) or utilization equipment in any
occupancy. A rating of any one cord and plug connected utilization
equipment shall not exceed 80% of the branch circuit ampere rating.
c. 40 and 50 ampere Branch Circuit. A 40 and 50 ampere branch
circuit shall be permitted to supply cooking appliances that are
fastened in place in any occupancy. In other than dwelling units, such
circuit shall be permitted to supply fixed lighting units with heavy-
duty lamp holders, infrared heating units, or other utilization
equipment.
d. Branch circuit Larger than 50 ampere. Branch circuit larger than
50 ampere shall supply only non-lighting outlet load.

Circuit rating Size of wire Maximum load

(Ampere) (mm2) (Amperes)
15 2.0mm 2 12
20 3.5mm2 16
30 5.5mm 2 24
Classifications/types of circuit breakers according to mounting
method
1. Din Rail type mounted circuit breakers
With this method, a mounting rail is secured to the enclosure and the
breaker is snapped onto the mounting rail. This allows replacement to
be done quickly as the device can be unclipped and new one clipped
on to the DIN rail. Conductors for the supply and load are typically
secured to the breaker using pressure connectors that are tightened
by some type of threaded fastener. The letters DIN stands for German
Industry Standards. DIN rails are available in more than one physical
size. The DIN rail mounting method is increasing replacing thru-bolt,
foot, and plate mounting methods once more commonly used.

2. Bolted type circuit breakers. When a longer service life breaker is

wanted, a bolted type is typically used. These types have a metal tab
(one for each phase) sticking out from one end that is bolted to the
bus bar with a machine screw (bolt type fine threads and not sheet
metal screw type steep pitch threads). When replacing these types of
breakers, the retaining bolts or machine screw will have power on
them unless power to the entire panel board has been removed.
3. Plug in type circuit breaker.

Principle and operation of a Circuit Breaker

Often the most intimidating part of electrical work, installation of
a circuit breaker into most residential type electrical panels does not
have to be dangerous. Here are some simple, step by step procedures
to do it safely.

Step in installing a circuit breaker:

Step 1. Turn off power supply to the electrical panel

Turn off power supply to the electrical panel. Locate

the Service Disconnect or Main circuit breaker in the panel, and
set to the "Off" position. This circuit breaker is likely to be the
largest value and located either at the top or bottom of the
panel.

Step 2. Inspect the circuit breaker arrangement for unused

locations.
 Inspect the circuit breaker arrangement for unused
locations. Pay particular attention to unused spaces at the
top and bottom of the cover. Some manufacturers of electrical
panels have removable knock outs or plates at these locations,
but the panel itself lacks provisions to mount a circuit breaker.

Step 3. Remove the electrical panel cover.

Remove the electrical panel cover. Remove fasteners while a

helper supports the cover, then pull straight away from the
panel.

Step 4. Test the panel for power.

Test the panel for power. Use a tester or meter set to the highest
AC voltage range (120 Volts minimum) available, and check for
the presence of power by touching one probe to ground or neutral
(the bar that has bare or green and white wires connected - or the
bar that has just white or just bare or green wires connected).
Step 5. Locate an unused space above, below or between existing
circuit breakers.

Locate an unused space above, below or between existing

circuit breakers. A single pole or single width circuit breaker
will provide a a single 120 volt circuit (or in the case of a
"tandem breaker" or "half width breaker" it will provide two 120
volt circuits - not a 240 volt circuit), while a double pole or
double width circuit breaker will provide a 208 or 240 volt
circuit.

Step 6. Select the correct circuit breaker.

Select the correct circuit breaker. The panel label will list all
approved circuit breakers for installation.

Step 7. Locate the circuit breaker mounting points.

 Locate the circuit breaker mounting points. The circuit
breaker will have two mounting points. Both are mechanical
contacts; one of which also serves as the electrical input
contact.

Step 8. Set the circuit breaker handle to the OFF position.

Set the circuit breaker handle to the OFF position. The

circuit breaker has 3 possible positions; ON and OFF and a mid
position when TRIPPED.

Step 9. Install the circuit breaker by aligning with the unused

space in the panel.

Install the circuit breaker by aligning with the unused space

in the panel. Tilt the circuit breaker so that the mechanical
contact point engages the support structure (rail, slot or clip).

Step 10. Connect the circuit.

Co
nn
ect
the
cir
cui
t.
After making sure the circuit breaker is still in the OFF position,
 connect the circuit conductors or wires to the circuit breaker
terminal(s), ground and neutral bar terminal screws. Use
appropriate oxide inhibitor when connecting aluminum
conductors.

Step 11. Remove all foreign objects.

Remove all foreign objects. Remove, tools, wire scraps, etc. from
the interior of the panel. Look for and remove accidental
conductors in the panel that could cause a short circuit when
power is restored.

Step 12. Install cover.

Install cover. Bring the cover up to the panel to compare the

new circuit breaker location to the cover openings.
Step 13. Test.

Test. Standing to the side of the panel, restore power to the

panel by setting the Service Disconnect or Main to "On" and
then set the new circuit breaker to "On" Clear any short circuit
before attempting a reset if circuit breaker instantly trips.

Step 14. Identify the circuit.

Identify the circuit. Locate the panel's circuit directory. It will often
be found on the inside of the panel door.

Switchboard and Switchgear

The switchboard and switchgear are free standing assemblies of

switches, fuse and circuit breakers that provide switching and
feeder protection to a number of circuits connected to the main
source. It distribute large amount of power into small packages.
In hydraulic analogy, the main bus work of the switchboard is
equivalent to a main header supplying water. So far there is no
clear distinction between the switchboard and switchgear. Thus,
a switchboard is a switchgear.
Low voltage switchgear

The most important junction in

power distribution.

Low voltage switchgear MNS is

based on a modular design of well
tested technology using high
quality ABB equipment and
components, with ensured
availability all over the world. It is
manufactured in several factories
all over the world and can provide
life cycle long support near to its
end users.

The MNS switchgear with fixed

outgoing units and screw and
bolt connections has proved to
be a reliable and maintenance-
free solution. The front door is
locked, when the circuit
breaker is in the I-position.
The door can be opened for
visual inspection of the
equipment without
interrupting the supply by
using a specially designed method.

Install all grounding circuit components in straight lines. When

necessary to make bends, do not make sharp turns. To prevent the
electrode-discharged energy from re-entering the underground wires
and cables, all electrodes shall be installed away from said wires and
cables. The spacing between any two electrodes shall be as shown in
the detail of page 1, so that they don’t compete for the same soil.

The earth-to-ground resistance of this circuit is to be measured using

a Megger®, or other similar instrument, and the reading is to be no
more than 10 ohms. If the resistance is more than 10 ohms,
additional ground plates and PowerSet® are to be installed in the
direction of an irrigated area at a distance of 10’, 12’, 14’, etc. It is
required that the soil surrounding copper electrodes be kept at a
minimum moisture level of 15% at all times by dedicating an irrigation
station at each controller location. The irrigated area should include a
circle with a 10-foot radius around the ground rod and a rectangle
measuring 1-foot X 24-feet around the plate.

. Mechanical clamps shall be permitted temporarily during the

resistance test process, but are to be replaced with Cadweld “One-
Shot" kits immediately thereafter.All underground circuit connections
are to be made using an exothermic welding process by utilizing
products such as the Cadweld “One-Shot" kits. Solder shall not be
allowed to make connections. In order to ensure proper ignition of the
“One-Shot", the Cadweld T-320 igniter must be utilized [Paige Electric
part number 1820040.] The 6 AWG bare copper wires are to be
installed in as straight a line as possible, and if it is necessary to
make a turn or a bend it shall be done in a sweeping curve with a
minimum radius of 8" and a minimum included angle of 90.
The Panel Board
The panel board is defined by the
National Electrical Code as “A single
panel or group panel limits
designed for assembly in the form of
a single panel.”

Panel board is popularly known as

panel or electrical panel. /panel
board is simply the box wherein the
protective devices are grouped from
which they are fed. If the devices
are of fuses, it is called fuse panel
and if the devices are circuit breakers, it is called breaker panel.
Fuse and breaker however, are very rarely mixed in a panel, expect
that a circuit breaker panel sometimes has a main switch and a fuse
for overall protection of the panel. Basically, a panel consists of a set
of electrical busbars where the circuit protective devices are
connected.

A single phase, 3- wire panel is fed with two hot lines and a neutral
line connected to the line buses and the neutral bus which varies in:
a. Ampere ratings of the buses
b. Type of protective devices installed

Regardless whether the panel is flush or surface mounted type, it is

described in the following manner:
House panel circuit breaker type, surface mounting
120/240 volts 150 amperes main
100/80 amp. 2 pole main circuit breaker
Branch breakers all 80 amp.frame
10-20 amp. Single pole 2-30 amp. 2 pole
1-20 amp. SP,GFI
Principles Applied in Installing Panel Board
1. The approach shall be accessible and more convenient.
2. The panel board is centrally located to shorten the home wiring
runs.
3. It must be installed near the load center, as in most cases panel
boards are mounted near the kitchen and the laundry where
heavy duty loads are expected.
4. To limit voltage drop on the branch circuit, the panel board
shall be located in such a manner that no circuit (wiring
connections) exceed 35 meters long.

5. In the event that a circuit more than 35 meter long cannot be

avoided, No. 10 AWG wire shall be used for runs up to 50
meters long and No. 8 AWG wire for longer circuits.
 Self-check 4.2-1
I - Identification.

1. Is an over-current protective device designed to function as a

switch?
2. What is the minimum AC voltage range in a circuit breaker?
3. Provide switching and feeder protection to a number of circuits
connected to the main source?
4. It is also called breaker panel?
5. How many amperes main in 120/140 volts?

Answer key 4.2-1

1. Circuit breaker
2. 120 volts
3. Switchboard/switchgear
4. Panel board
5. 150
 OPERATION SHEET 4.2-1
Title: Installing Electrical Protection system for Lighting and
Grounding
Learning Objective: After reading this information sheet, the trainee
should be able to install electrical protection system in accordance
with the PEC and in line with the job requirements.
Supplies/Materials :
 GFCI
 Floor outlet
 Drawing and plans
 Wiring devices
 Panel board 6 branch 60 A main, 2-30A for outlet and
2-15A for lighting
Equipment and Tools :
 Wiring booth
 Set of pliers
 Set of screw drivers
 Personal Protective Equipment ( PPE)
Steps/Procedure in installing a circuit breaker:

1. Turn off power supply to the electrical panel.

2. Inspect the circuit breaker arrangement for unused locations.
3. Remove the electrical panel cover.
4. Test the panel for power.
5. Locate an unused space above, below or between existing circuit
breakers.
6. Select the correct circuit breaker.
7. Locate the circuit breaker mounting points.
8. Set the circuit breaker handle to the OFF position.
9. Install the circuit breaker by aligning with the unused space in
the panel.
10. Connect the circuit.
11. Remove all foreign objects.
12. Install cover.
13. Test.
14. Identify the circuit.

Assessment Method:
 Direct Observation and Questioning
 Demonstration
 JOB SHEET 4.2-1
Title: Installing Electrical Protection system for Lighting and
Grounding
Performance Objective: Given the necessary equipment, tools
and materials, assemble the fluorescent
lighting fixture in line with the job
requirements
Supplies/Materials :
 GFCI
 Floor outlet
 Drawing and plans
 Wiring devices
 Panel board 6 branch 60 A main, 2-30A for outlet and
2-15A for lighting
Equipment and Tools :
 Wiring booth
 Set of pliers
 Set of screw drivers
 Personal Protective Equipment ( PPE)
Steps/Procedure:
1. Use appropriate PPE before starting this job.
2. Read and interpret the given drawing.
3. Layout the given drawing in wiring booth with the correct
measurement.
4. Install electrical protection system correctly, follow procedure in
operation sheet 4.1-1. Have your trainer check your work.
5. Test your work by supplying power. Note. Do not test without
the presence of the instructor.
6. Clean work area, and returned equipment and material proper
storage.

Assessment Method:
 Direct Observation and Questioning
 Demonstration
 Performance Criteria Checklist 4.2-1

CRITERIA
YES NO
Did you….
1. Install panel board and wiring devices are
properly aligns.
2. Install panel board and wiring devices
measurement are correct.
3. Install panel board and wiring devices are
properly function.
4. Observed safety in performing the job.
5. Cleaned work area.
For satisfactory achievement, all items should receive a yes response.
 References

1. htt://windows.microlsoft.com/en-ph/windows-vistas
2. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_topology
3. www.ehow.com
4. www.google.com