Trung tâm Luyện thi Amax – 39 LK 6A Làng Việt Kiều Châu Âu

BÀI 1. PHONETIC SYMBOLS

BẢNG PHIÊN ÂM QUỐC TẾ
1. The symbols vowel sounds (Các kí hiệu phiên âm của các nguyên âm):
1.1. The symbols of pure vowel sounds (Các kí hiệu phiên âm của các nguyên
âm đơn):
Symbols In
of the letters Examples in words
sounds (Chữ cái (Ví dụ cụ thể trên các từ)
(Kí hiệu thể
các âm) hiện)
/І/ a village /’vIlIdʒ/ package assemblage
/’pækIdʒ/ /ә’semblIdʒ/
e pretty /’prItI/ represent deliver /di’livә(r)/
i sit /sIt/ little /’lItl/ simple /’sImpl/
y happy /’hæpI/ easy /’i:zI/ usually /’ju:ʊlI/
/ i: / ea lead /li:d/ seaside /’si:saId/ meaningful /’mi:nIŋfʊl/
ee meet /mi:t/ sheep /ʃi:p/ steel /sti:l/
a many /’menI/ any/’enI/ manifold /’menIfәʊld/
/e/ e send /send/ recommend comprehend
/rIkɔ’mend /kәmprI’hend/
ea head /hed/ spread /spred/ headache /‘hedeIk/
/æ/ a land /lænd/ brandy /’brændI/ sandy /’sændI/
/ɔ/ o pot /pɔt / spot /spɔt / slot /slɔt /
a wash /wɔʃ / what /wɔt / watch /wɔtʃ/
a talk /tɔ:k/ walk /wɔ:k/ water /’wɔ:tә(r)/
aw saw /sɔ:/ lawn /lɔ:n/ pawn /pɔ:n/
/ ɔ: / oa broad /brɔ:d/ broaden/’brɔ:dn/ abroad /ә’brɔ:d/
oo door /dɔ:(r)/ floor /flɔ:(r)/ floorage /’flɔ:rIdʒ/
or fork /fɔ:k/ sport /spɔ:t/ transport /’trænspɔ:t/
ou fought /fɔ:t/ thought /θɔ:t/ bought /bɔ:t/
o some /sm/ come /km/ done /dn/
// u shut /ʃt/ muddy /’mdI/ budget /’bdʒIt/
oo blood /bld/ flood /fld/ bloodless /bldlIs/
ou tough /tf/ enough /I’nf/ rough /rf/
a task /ta:sk/ fast /fa:stk/ broadcast /br ɔ:d’ka:st/
/ ɑ: / ar card /ka:d/ I
re tard /r ’ta:d/
farther /’fa:әr/
ear heart /ha:t/ hearten /’ha:tәn/ hearth /ha:θ/
/ʊ/ u p u ll /pʊl/ p ush /pʊʃ/ p u llet /’pʊlet/
or oo g oo d /gʊd/ c ook /kʊk/ l oo k /lʊk/

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/u/ ou could /kʊld/ would /wʊld/ should /ʃʊld/

u frugal /’fru:gәl/ conclude illusion /I’lu:ʃn/
/ u: / /kɔn’klu:d/
oe shoe /ʃu: / shoebill /’ʃu:bIl/ shoemaker /’ʃu:meIkәr/
oo moon /mu:n/ spoon /spu:n/ smooth /smu:θ/
ui fruit /fru:t/ cruise /kru:s/ recruit /rI’kru:t/
a await /ә’weIt/ about /ә’baut/ machine /mә’ʃi:n/
/ә/ o tonight /tә’naIt/ potato /pә’teItәu/ tomorrow /tә’mɔrәʊ/
er reader /’ri:dәr/ writer /’raItәr/ cruiser /’kru:sәr/
or actor /’æktәr/ doctor /’dɔktәr/ translator /’trænsleItәr/
er prefer merchant merciful /’mз:sIfʊl/
/ з: / /prI’fз: r/ /’mз:tʃәnt/
ir shirt /ʃз:t/ skirt /skз:t/ first /fз:st/
ur hurt /hз:t/ further /’ʃз:ә/ furnish /’ʃз:nIʃ/
or word /wз:d/ work /wз:k/ worm /wз:m/
ear heard /hз:d/ earth /з:θ/ earthen /’з:θәn/

1. 2. The diphthongs and triphthongs (Các kí hiệu phiên âm của các nguyên
đôi, ba):
Symbols In
of the letters Examples in words
sounds (Chữ cái (Ví dụ cụ thể trên các từ)
(Kí hiệu thể
các âm) hiện)
a case /keIs/ baby /’beIbI/ lazy /’leIzI/
/ eI / ai maid /meId/ maiden /’meIdn/ maidenly /’meIdnlI/
ay say /seI/ clay /kleI/ play /pleI/
ei eight /eIt/ eighthly /’eIθlI/ eiranic /eI’rænIk/
/ aI / i kite /kaIt/ night /naIt/ mine /maIn/
y sky /skaI/ fly /flaI/ satisfy /’sætIsfaI/
/ ɔI / oi soil /sɔIl/ coin /kɔIn/ spoil /spɔIl/
oy employ /Im’plɔI/ enjoy /In’dʒɔI/ employment
/Im’plɔImnt/
/ aʊ / ou mouse /maʊs/ mouth /maʊθ/ surround /sз:’raʊnd/
ow now /naʊ/ power /’paʊ әr/ cowboy /’kaʊ bɔI/
o cold /kәʊld/ scold /skәʊld/ fold /fәʊld/
/ әʊ / ow slow /slәʊ/ flow /flәʊ/ show /ʃәʊ/
ew sew /sәʊ/ sewing /’sәʊIŋ/ sewn /sәʊn/
/ Iә / ear hear /hIә(r)/ fear /fIә(r)/ near /nIә(r)/

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ere here /hIә(r)/ merely /’mIәlI/ atmosphere

/’ætmɔsfIә(r)/
ere there /eә(r)/ therapy thereabout
/ eә / /’θeәrәpI/ /’eәrәbaʊt/
are fare /feә(r)/ share /ʃeә(r)/ stare /steә(r)/
air hair /heә(r)/ fair /feә(r)/ stairs /steә(r)s/
/ ʊә / our tour /tʊә(r)/ tourer /tʊәrә/ tourism /’tʊәrIzm/
ire tire /taIә/ fire /faIә/ firemen /’faIәmen/
/ aIә / yre tyre /taIә/ tyreles /’taIәlIs/ tyre-pump
/’taIә pmp /
yer buyer /baIә/ flyer /flaIә/ buyer /baIә/
/ әʊә / ower slower /slәʊә/ slower /slәʊә/ slower /slәʊә/
/ aʊә / ower shower /ʃaʊә/ power /paʊә/ flower /flaʊә/
our flour /flaʊә/ sour /saʊә/ flour /flaʊә/
/ eIә / ayer prayer /preIә/ player /pleIә/ sprayer /spreIә/
eyer greyer /’greIә/ greyer /’greIә/ greyer /’greIә/
/ ɔIә / oyer enjoyer /In’dʒɔIә/ enjoyer /In’dʒɔIә/ employer /Im’plɔIә/
oyal loyal /’lɔIәl/ loyalty /’lɔIәltI/ loyal /’lɔIәl/
2. The symbols of the consonant sounds (Các kí hiệu phiên âm của các phụ
âm):
2.1. The symbols of voiceless consonants (Kí hiệu phiên âm của các phụ âm vô
thanh):
Symbols In
of the letters Examples in words
sounds (Chữ cái (Ví dụ cụ thể trên các từ)
(Kí hiệu thể
các âm) hiện)
/ p / p pen /pen/ paint /peInt/ people /’pi:pәl/
f five /faIv/ formal /’fɔ:mәl/ family /’fæmIlI/
/ f / ph physics /’fIz Iks/ physician /fI’zIkʃn/ physical /fI’zIkәl/
gh laugh /la:f/ enough /I’nf/ rough /rf/
/  / th throw /θrәʊ/ thunder /’θndә(r)/ sixth /sIksθ/
/ t / t teach /ti:tʃ/ temple /’tempәl/ tittle /’taItәl/
ed looked /lʊkt/ laughed /la:ft/ stopped /stɔpt/
/ s / s site /saIt/ sandy /’sændI/ sample /’sæmpәl/
c centre /’sentә/ century /’sentʃʊrI/ cell /sel/
sh sheep /ʃi:p/ sheet /ʃi:t/ English /’IŋlIʃ/
/ ʃ / ch machine chaise /ʃeIz/ champagne /ʃæm’peIn/
/mә’ʃi:n/

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s sugar /’ʃʊgә/ sugary /’ʃʊgәr I/ sure /’ʃʊә(r)/

/ t∫ / ch choice /tʃɔIs/ church /tʃз:tʃ/ chimney /’tʃImnI/
t fixture /'fIkst∫ә/ future / 'fju:t∫ә/ question / 'kwest∫n/
/ k / k kitchen/’kItʃn/ kiss /kIs/ king /kIŋ/
c concert cancel /’kænsәl/ comedy /’kmedI/
/kɔn’sз:t/
ch chemist chemistry chemical /’kemIkәl/
/’kemIst/ /’kemIstrI/
q quite /kwaIt/ question / 'kwest∫n/ conquest /’kɔŋkwest/
/ h / h hike /haIk/ hunger /’hŋgә(r)/ homeless /’hәʊmlIs/
wh whoop /hu:p/ whose /hu:z/ wholesale /’hɔʊlseIl/
2.2. The symbols of voiced consonants (Kí hiệu phiên âm của các phụ âm hữu
thanh):
Symbols In
of the letters Examples in words
sounds (Chữ cái (Ví dụ cụ thể trên các từ)
(Kí hiệu thể
các âm) hiện)
/ b / b boy /bɔI/ bamboo /bæm’bu:/ band /bænd/
/ v / v visit /’vIzIt/ van /væn/ victory /’vIktәrI/
f of /әv/ of /әv/ of /әv/
/  / th them /әm/ with /wI/ though /әʊ/
/ d / d done /dn/ doctor /’dɔktә(r)/ dancer /’dænsә(r)/
ed lived /’lIvd/ earned /з:nd/ cancelled /’kænsәld/
/ z / z zebra /’zi:brә/ zip /zIp/ zealot /’zelәt/
s visit /’vIzIt/ visual /’vIzjʊәl/ teachers /ti:tʃәz/
/ ʒ / s vision /’vIʒn/ usual /’jʊʒʊәl/ usually /’jʊʒʊәlI/
/ dʒ / g germ /dʒз:m/ gene /dʒi:n/ age /eIdʒ/
j jam /dʒæm/ jam /dʒæz/ joyful /dʒɔIfʊl/
/ g / g gift /gIft/ gain /geIn/ girl /gз:l/
/ l / l little /’lItәl/ lamp /læmp/ light /laIt/
/ m / m monk /mɔŋk/ mammal /’mæmәl/ Monday /’mndeI/
/ n / n name /neIm/ number /nmbә/ noise /nɔIs/
/ ŋ / n think /θIŋk/ thank /θæŋk/ sink /sIŋk/
ng sing /sIŋ/ thing /θIŋ/ ceiling /’si:lIŋ/
/ r / r rural /’rʊәrәl/ ring /rIŋ/ reader /’ri:dә/
/ w / w with /wI/ wine /waIn/ wing /wIŋ/
wh when /wen/ whistle /’wIsәl/ whisper /’wIspә/
/ j / y young /jŋ/ yearly /’jIәlI/ youth /ju:θ/

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 Trung tâm Luyện thi Amax – 39 LK 6A Làng Việt Kiều Châu Âu

u music /’mju:sIk/ unit /’ju:nIt/ university

/ju:nI’v з:sItI/
/ ф / h honest /’ɔ:nIst/ hour /aʊә/ heir /aIә/
mute k knight /naIt/ knit /nIt/ known /nɔʊn/
cases b comb /kɔʊm/ climb /klaIm/ debt /det/
p pneumonia psychology psychiatrist
/njʊ’mɔ:nIә/ /saI’kɔ:lɔdʒI/ /saI’kIәtrIst/
2.3. The clusters of consonants (Kí hiệu phiên âm của các chùm phụ âm):
Symbols In
of the letters Examples in words
sounds (Chữ cái (Ví dụ cụ thể trên các từ)
(Kí hiệu thể
các âm) hiện)
/ sp / speak /spi:k/ spoil /spɔIl/ speaker /’spi:kә/
/ st / start /sta:t/ stand /stænd/ stay /steI/
/ sk / school /skʊl/ skill /skIl/ scan /skæn/
/ s+ / / sf / sphere /sfIә/ spheral /sfIәrәl/ biosphere /baIә’sfIә/
/ sm / small /smɔl/ smash /smæʃ/ smell /smel/
/ sn / snow /snәʊ/ sneeze /sni:z/ sneaky /’sni:kI/
/ sw / sweet /swi:t/ swim /swIm/ swan /swɔn/
/ sj / super /sjʊpә/ superadd superably
/’sjʊpәræd/ /’sjʊpәreIblI/
/ pl / plump /plmp/ apply /ә’plaI/ please /pli:s/
/ p+ / / pr / proud /praʊd/ propose /’prɔpәʊs/ produce /prә’djʊs/
/ pj / pure /pjʊә/ purely /’pjʊәlI/ purify /’pjʊrәfaI/
/ tr / train /treIn/ treat /tri:t/ treatment /tri:tmәnt/
/ t+ / / tw / twice /twaIs/ twerp /twз:p/ twicer /’twaIsә/
/ tj / tube /tjʊb/ tubal /’tjʊ:bәl/ tuber /’tjʊ:bә/
/ kl / class /kla:s/ clean /kli:ns/ clame /kleIm/
/ k+ / / kr / cream /kri:m/ cry /kraI/ creative /kri:’e ItIv/
/ kw / quite /kwaIt/ quit /kwIt/ quest /kwest/
/ kj / cure /kjʊә/ cute /kjʊt/ cutely /kjʊtlI/
/ bl / blow /blәʊ/ blame /bleIm/ bleach /bli:tʃ/
/ b+ / / br / bring /brIŋ/ bride /braId/ bridge /brIdʒ/
/ bj / beauty /’bjʊtI/ beautify /’bjʊtIfaI/ beautiful /’bjʊtIfʊl/
/ g+ / / gl / glass /gla:s/ glim /glIm/ glance /gla:ns/
/ gr / grow /grәʊ/ great /greIt/ groom /gru:m/
/ dr / dream /dri:m/ dread /dred / dreadful /’dredfʊl/
/ d+ / / dw / dwell /dwel/ dweller /’dwelә/ dwelt /dwel/

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/ dj / duty /’djʊtI/ dutiful /’djʊtIfʊl/ dutifully /’djʊtIfʊlI/

/ fl / flow /flәʊ/ fly /flaI/ flame /fleIm/
/ f+ / / fr / fry /fraI/ fright /fraIt/ fridge /frIdʒ/
/ fj / furious /’fjʊrIәs/ few /fjʊ/ furiously /’fjʊrIәslI/
/ + / / r / throw /θrәʊ/ through /θru:/ threat /θret/
/ w / thwart /wæt/ thwack /wæk/ thwack /wæk/
/ vj / view /vjʊ/ interview /’Intәvjʊ/ preview /prI’vjʊ/
/ mj / mute /mjʊt/ mutual /mjʊtʊәl/ music /mjʊzIk/
/ ∫r / shrimp /∫rImp/ shriek /∫ri:k/ shrill /∫rIl/
/ nj / nude /njʊd/ nudist /’njʊdIst/ nudism /’njʊdIzm/
Các kết / spr / spread /spred/ sprawl /sprɔ:l/ spray /spreI/
hợp khác / spl / splash /splæʃ/ splat /splæt/ splashy /splæʃI/
/ skr / scream /scri:m/ scree /scri: / screen /scri:n/
/ str / stream /stri:m/ strawy /strɔ: I/ streak /stri:k/
/ skj / scuba /’skjʊbә/ scuba /’skjʊbә/ scuba /’skjʊbә/
/ stj / student stupid /’stjʊpId/ studio /’stjʊdIәʊ/
/’stjʊdnt/
/ spj / spume /spjʊ:m/ spue /spjʊ:/ spumous /spjʊ:mәs/
/ skw / square /skweә/ squarer /’skweәrә/ squander /’skwɔdә/

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