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    Auditoria informática 23

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    32 views5 pages

    Auditoria Informática 23

    Uploaded by

    Pepe Beneyto

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Cfobt ^ii+F, LCCF@B 0,4, l  i^ molmf^ ab Ob`roplp Erj^klp* bib, Bp fjmloq^kqb _
    `lkbufàkY Ob`roplp Erj^klp m^o^ nrb pbabib`qbk^rqljÄqf`^jbkqbi^(^cqbo^`fllJ
    bk ilp bjmib^alp &^if^p* _^g^p* `^j_flp', Q^j_fÇk bk bpqb mrjl `lksfbkb sbo pfa 
    molar`qfSjp`oc^`bp plmlk^bi qfbj mlob^i*l bi mol`bpl_^q`e, l pr( mlpf_fifa^abpab
    obdfpqolpab^`qfsfa^a,

    FK S B K Q > O FL  A B  CR K @FL K > IFA > A BP V M O L MFB Q > O FL P , Bk bpqb
    mrkqlqo^q^objlpqlal`ibpnrbj^abcrk`flk^ifa^abpabi^pbdrofa^aiàdf`^^`qr^i, Bp
    bi jljbkql a b  `ob^o rk^p gbo^onrÑ^p ab bpqÄka^obp ^ `rjmifo &`i^pfcf`^`fàk ab R
    fkcloj^`fàk'vqo^q^oa babcfkfobkbpbjljbkqlilp`lkqolibpnrbpb ab_boÑ^kqbkbo*v^
    pb^abrpr^ofl(abi^p^mif`^`flkbp`lj labilprpr^oflpabilprfqbj ^(vbirplabRp
    eboo^jfbkq^p,

    Bpqb mrkql bp fjmloq^kqb m^o^ sbo uf `lk `i krbsl bpnrbj^ ab `lkqoli ^i n7p
    s^jlp mboabjlpl_gbqfslpab`lkqoli l klpp^ibk^``flkbpkrbs^p m^o^`i`^qÄildlab
    O ,M ,F,P ,

    Bp fjmloq^kqbfksbkq^of^oq^j_fÇkbkbpqbmrkqli^pfqr^`fàkabi^^aj fkfpqo^ai^


    ab i^pbdrofa^a iàdf`^bkilpafpqfkqlpbkqloklpv i^p`^o^`qboÑpqf`^pabi^p`lkqo^pbii^k*
    ñ f  `ljl i^ lmbo^qfs^ q^kql ab ilp rpr^oflp ab ilp afpqfkqlp pfpqbj^p `ljl ab i^p
    afpqfkq^p^ajfkfpqo^`flkbpabpbdrofa^av`i`lkqoliabdg_g j]hgjlaf_)

    Q lalbpqb fksbkq^ofl klppbosfoÄ m^o^ e^``o rk ^kÄifpfp ab jbglo^( v mÇoafa^pl
    ifj fq^`flkbp bk ilp krbslp bp`bk^oflp `lk il( plcqt^ob ab `lkqoli ab ilp bkqloklp
    afpqof_rfal(*pbdäk`lksbkd^m^o^bibdfobijbglobk`lpql-_bkbcf`fl,

    > A J FK FPQ O > @ F• K  A B  I> PB D R O FA > A , Pb ^k^ifw^oÄk* ab i^p afpqfkq^p
    lm`flkbpabijbo`^al*i^(`^o^`qboÑpqf`^pab`^a^molar`ql,

    ?a_mjY.)Ñ/) A]jjYea]flYk\][gfljgd\]dgk]flgjfgk\akljaZma\gk
     
    
    
     
    @>Mqok,lv j hqlllfldF^pab`lsqhrÑ,iv oj pl ,pCgDqjfA>As ^ F qu ql h r  jÜ

    Kl lisfabjlp nrb pb qo^ r  ab `lkpbdrfo nrb bi bp`bk^ofl ab ilp bkqloklp
    ap^f_rqalp pb mrba^ `lkqoli^o `ljl pf ab rk `ljmrq^alo `lk rk p<il`lkqoli ab
    ^``bpl&sÇ^pbi^cfdro^ 1,/2'(b qo^q^o^, B  fk`irpljbglo^kalbi kfsbi`b`lkqoli pfpb
    mrbab, Bpql e^oÄ kb`bp^ofl rk `lkgrkqlab  plcqt ^ob ^ fkpq^i^o bk `^i^ mi^q^cloj^*
    ñjral ^ rk^ pbofb a b fkqboc^`bp bk i^p mi^q^cloj^p nrb il kb`bpfqbk v nrb ^ ilp
    oÑqbilpklpe^oÄl_pbos^oi^pbdrofa^aiàdf`^qlq^i`ljlrkqlal,

    Bk bpqb mrkql klp fkqbobp^ sbo i^p pfdrfbkqbp crk`flk^ifa^aó f  l_gbqfslp ab
    `bkqolobnrbofalp^ikrbslpfpqbj^ab`lkqoliab^``bpl8

    +  îMbojfqbbi molar`qlbpq^_ib`bork`lkgrkqlab obdi^p ab`lkqoli ^mif`^_ibp^


    qlalpilpob`roplpabipfpqbj^=
    +  îMbojfqb bi molar`ql ^i ^ajfkfpqo^alo ab pbdrofa^a bpq^_ib`bo rk mbocfi ab
    mofsfibdflpab^``bplmf^o^rkrpr^ofll rkdormlab rpr^oflp=
    +  îMbojfqb bi molar`ql ^i ^ajfkfpqo^alo ab pbdrofa^a ^pfdk^o afcbobkqbp
    ^ajfkfpqo^alobp=
    +  îMbojfqb bi molar`ql ^i ^ajfkfpqo^alo ab pbdrofa^a ^pfdk^o ^  bpqlp
    ^ajfkfpqo^alobpi^mlpf_fifa^aabdbpqflk^omofsfibdflpab^``bplm^o^dormlpv
    ob`roplpabcfkfalp&mlobgbjmil*pfpqbj^pv^mif`^`flkbp'=
    +  îMbojfqb ^  rk ^ajfkfpqo^alo mbafo ^``bpl m^o^ bi jfpjl* q^kql `ljl m^o^
    `r^inrfborpr^oflabprÄob^abobpmlkp^_fifa^a=
    +  îFjmfab bi molar`qlnrb rk ^ajfkfpqo^alo pb molsb^Çi jfpjlab prpmolmf^p
    mbqf`flkbp=

    E^v nrb ob`^mfqri^o qlalp ilp l_gbqfslp ab `lkqoli nrb pb bpqÄk Gbj^ka^kal ^i
    `lkgrkqlabbkqloklp*bk ilobcbobkqb ^i^^ajfkfpqo^`fàkab i^ pbdrofafa, v p^_bo`lk
    mob`fpfàk`rÄiab i^pplir`flkbp^^k^ifw^o`rjmibjbgloilpobnrbofjfbkqlp,

    Bpfjmloq^kqbmbkp^obki^`lkbufàk^rqljÄqf`^`lki^fkcloj^`fàkabi bpq^alab
    ilp ob`roplp erj^klp nrb `ljmlkbk bi `lkgrkql ab rpr^oflp <^o^ cloj^qb^o
    [`ljm^qf_fifa^abp mlo pbdobd^`fàk ab crk`flkbp j^o`^a^p mlo i^ `i^ofcf`^`fàk ab i^
    fkcloj^`fàkv mloqbkbo^`qr^ifw^a^pi^p_^g^p-^iq^pv  mboÑlalpab ^rpbk`f^abi m^onrb
    abrpr^oflp,

    Plk jr`elp lqolp ilp ^pmb`qlp nrb ab_bk bufdfopb* `ljl plk nrb pb mrba^
    plmloq^ojÄpab rk mbocfi bk rkrpr^ofl* l  nrb pb mrba^kabcfkfo mbocfibpab qlal rk
    abm^oq^jbkql l  mrbpql ab  qo^_^gl* ^pfdk^`flkbp qbjmlo^ibp ab ilp >Y[cmh ab `^a^
    bjmib^alm^o^mboÑlalpab ^rpbk`f^abiqfqri^o*nrbbimbocfiabrkfkdbkfbolklmrba^
    ^``babo^ rk^ ^mif`^`fàk `oÑqf`^* nrb pb pfk`olkf`bkhYkkn(fj\bk qlalp ilpbkqloklp*
    bq`, Bkobprjbk*q^kqlp`r^kqlpl_gbqfslpab`lkqolipbib bufg^k,

    PFK D IBPFD K L K , Bpqb`lk`bmqlmlabjlpabcfkfoil`ljl8 @rbb pkb`bp^ofl


    pli^jbkqb rk hYkl&p8jld v  rk Nk]j B=) m^o^ rk rpr^ofl* m^o^ ^``qabo v rp^o pr
     
    
    
     
    .- <P?DOJMD<DHJFH<P>< PIa^NCJlP@KM<>OD>JZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ ^ p ë

    fkcloj^`fàk v  JFP ob`roplp* ab ilalp ilp pfpqbj^p `lj l pf :G` rk plil bkiljl H
    fo^f^o^ , Bsfabkqbjbkqb ^ bpqb `lk`bmql e^_oÑ^ nrb ^á^afo qlalp ilp `lk`bmqlpt
    sfk l pbkrk`lkqoliab^``bpliàdf`l$lae](gmd)p^is^m^kf^iR q,ild,ab ,',

    <_`h|n kj_mÄ\hjn`iph`m\m\gbpijn _`DJI m`lp`mdhd`iojnlp` n` g` kHfi\^


    kg\o\ajmh\_`iomj_``no`\k\mo\_j7

    +  Pl_obnrÇ plmlk^bi molar`qlbi pfkdib Jd+lk, îT fkaltp1,/,T fkaltpKQ,


    T fkaltp 0..., Rkfutlohpq^iflk,qbojfk^i 105.,rkrpr^oflobfkl:lbkqo^kcb
    ^ qo^sÇpabrkpbosfaloab^``bplobjlql=
    +  îBi molar`ql c^`riq^ ^i rpr^ofl ab rk ob`ropl ^  ^``babo sÑ^ kaf_d] ka^([l
    jfbkqo^plqolprpr^oflp^``babk^ijfpjlob`roplafob`q^jbkqb=
    +  îBi molar`ql`k`ofmq^i^pqo^kp^``flkbpabikaf_d]ka_(gfbkqobi^la(gj*mlYlalgb
    bipbosfaloabpbdrofa^a=

    C> @ FI FA > A A B RPLV O B M L O Q FK D , Bkbpqbmrkqlpbs^ilo^i^ fkqboc^w(


    rpr^ofl v i^`^ifa^aab i^jfpj^&pf qfbkb fkqboc^w*doÄcf`^*pf qfbkbebimj`kffp,r j 
    m^o^ bi rpr^ofl `ljl m^o^ bi ^ajfkfpqo^alo* pf qfbkb jbkp^gbp ab boolo* pf b^pb>óa
    mbocfi a b rk abqbojfk^al rpr^ofl ^i ^ajfkfpqo^alo* jbkp^gbp bk i^p jlafcf`^`hk^
    `lj láYj]qgmkmj]9t'jbkp^gbp^qo^sÇpabi^p^mif`^`flkbp*bq`,',

    > pfj fpjl pbbs^iä^ bi kfsbi ab j]hgfaf_ m^o^ h ó  ^ajfkfpqo^alobpq  ^rafq^o^
    <nÄ^jhj7

    +  îBi molar`qllcob`brkobmlkabqla^pi^pmi^q^cloj^pv^mif`^`flkbp^i^(nr
    ilprpr^oflpqfbkbk^``bpl*^pÑ`ljlrk obmlkabqlalpilprpr^oflpnrbqfbkbó
    ^``bpl^ rk^mi^q^cloj^l^mif`^`fàk=
    +  îR k obmlk ab qla^p i^p abj^ka^pnrb rk ^ajfkfpqo^alo e^ eb`el* l bk r^
    cl`e^af^a^*l aro^kqbrkmboÑlalabqfbjml*l ^rk`bkqolab`lpql*l abqla^
    i^pfk^`qfsfa^abp*labqlalp ilprpr^oflp^`qfslpvmofsfibdflpab ^``bplabr 
    `bkqol ab `lpql* l  ab abj^ka^p mbkafbkqbp bk loabk ab ^kqfdåba^a ab R
    abj^ka^* l  rk obmlk ab  ^`qfsfa^a* ab i^p ^mif`^`flkbp v pfpqbj^p &m^
    bgbjmil*bi käjbolababj^ka^p^`bmq^a^p* mbkafbkqbpvob`e^w^a^pmlo`^af
    pfpJ k f'=
    +  îRkildabsfli^`flkbp=

    Bk`r^inrfbo`^pl qlalobdfpqolab_b qbkbod^o^kqfw^a^pr fkqbdofa^a fk`irplm<k


    ilp^ajfkfpqo^alobp*klmrafbkalabp^`qfs^opb^slirkq^a*a^alnrbnrfbknrfbo^e^`^
    ^idlöklmbojfqfal *ilmofjbolnrbe^oÄbp^pbdro^opbabnrbklnrbab`lkpq^k`f^aa
    eb`el,

    PBD R O FA > A B P , Bk bpqb mrkql pb qo^q^ab sbo ^pmb`qlpab pbdrofa^a`iÄpf`l
    a bi molmflmolar`ql*`ljlnrbbi ^ajfkfpqo^alokl sb^ i^phYkkF(gj\abilprpr^oflh
    rk^ ilkdfqra a b h Y kk& n j\  jÑkfj^* nrb bi molar`ql obnrfbo^ rk FA  v h Ykkfnj\ab
    
    
    
    D.+H+ ><Koi%GJQH@OJJJoS'Bg<+NJa+>JIPoJGDSOPoSJ+No>o%Mo?<?T<>gSOJSg<*+ ë.

    q^d gl ajÑkfj^m^o^a ^``bplkfmolmflmolar`ql*bi ^ajfkfpqo^alomrba^ m^o^ifw^o^


    bkrtroflabqbojfk^al* ar^i `lkqoli bk F(ñcrk`flkbpab ofbpdl &bpqlbp,`lk rkrpbo
    FAbpkb`bp^ofl rk^^ a f l hYkan(gj\<è rk^k][gf\hYkko gj\`lj l^``bplar^i ab alp
    ^akfkfpqo^alobp cÑpf`lp'* `fco^al ab hYm o g j\ ) mofs^`fa^a bk i^ molm^d^`fàk ab
    ^[m f g j\bk qlaljljbkql* ^``bpl^ il(^rafqlobp m^o^ mlabosboi^ FA a^q^_^,pb, rk
    obdfpqol ab ob`e^wlp b fkqbkqlp fkcor`qrlplp* i^ mlpf_fifa^a ab  j][gn]jq q  ZY[cmh
    fk`objbkq^Z' a b qlal bi pfpqbj ^ ab pbdrka^a* i^ mlpf_fifa^a abi eajjgjaf_ ab i^
    aJf_^pbabpbdrofa^am^o^ilpmi^áb(ab`lkqfkdbk`f^pab`lkjrq^`fàkbkqfbjml`bol
    ^f`bkqol^iqbok^qfsl*bq`,

    Q^j_fÇk c^`fifa^abpbpmb`f^ibpq^ibp`lj lnrb #`mrba^obpqofkdfobi^``bpl^ rk


    ó`roplil`^i^rkrpr^ofl,

    Ebjlpab e^`boklq^onrb i^p ifjfq^`flkbpnrb s^v^jlpbk`lkqo^kalm^o^ilal(


    qlp molar`ql(* qbkaobjlp nrb obplisboi^p `lk bu`irpflkbp l  mol`bafj fbkqlp nrb
    ñbpq^oÄk bk bi `^qÄildl ab  O ,M ,F,%p* sboa^abol ^oqÑcf`b ab i^ jbqlalildÑ^ nrb klp
    bKfd^oÄ^ obplisboi^(^``flkbp^kqbpab fjmi^kq^obi molar`ql* v nrbpboÄ rk`lkqoli
    abimolvb`qlaro^kqbprabp^ooliil,

    > A NR FPF@F• K* FK PQ > I> @ F• K  B  FJ MI > K Q > @ F• K , CL O J > @ F• K ,


    J>KR>IBPABMO L @ B A FJ FB K Q L PA B @ L K Q O L I , Q o^pilpm^plp^kqboflobp,
    AL nrba^ jÄp nrb `ljmo^o bi molar`ql b fkpq^i^oil* ^pÑ ` l k ó  fjmi^kq^o bi krbsl
    bpnrbj^abpbdrofa^aiàdf`^, Vqo^pbpil,a^oi^cloj ^`fàk^molmf^a^^ilpfjmif`^alp
    goabp^oolii^oilp mol`bafj fbkqlpab`lkqoli*nrbdbkbo^oÄkmol`bafjfbkqlplmbo^qfslp
    m k Flk rpr^oflpab ^mif`^`flkbp* ilprpr^oflp fkcloj^qfslp* v il( ^ajfkfpqo^alobpab
    pbdrofa^aiàdf`^,

    Qlal bpqb `lj mibgl mol`bpl b p sfq^i e^`boil ab jlal loabk^al v rp^kal rk
    jÇqlal nrb mbojfq^ bk ilal jljbkql p^_bo nrÇ pb önrfbobõ v nrÇ pb  mrbabö
    `lkpbdrfo`lkilp molar`ql(bufpqbkqbpab `lkqoli ab bkiljl(* qo^q^kalab prmifo`lk
    mol`bafjfbkqlpab`lkqoli ilperb`lpnrb klmla^jlp`r_ofo`lkqb`klildÑ^, >rk^pÑ,
    biobqlnrb qbkbjlpmloabi^kqbb p fjmloq^kqb* mlonrb i^pplir`flkbpnrblcob`bk ilp
    &^_l`^kqbps^kjrvabqoÄpcobkqb^i^molifcbo^`fàkabbkqloklpv^mif`^`flkbpkrbslp,
    qF g  rk^ r`ifqra o`o,mlfsrf_ib al`J^kauofwfrofàk o k  r k  plir`flkb( molmfbq^of^p ab
    pbd^fa^a, e^oÄ nrb il( c^_of`^kqbp ab  plir`flkbp m^o^ bkqloklp afpqof_rfal( qbkd^k
    molar`flp ab pbdrofa^a `^a^ sbw jbglobp* v  nrb bk sbw ab ^a^mq^o bi kfsbi ab
    pbdrofa^a iàdf`^ ^ ilpmolar`qlp*pb^k ilp molar`qlp ilpnrb obprbis^k i^ppfqr^`flkbp
    prbs^pabpbdrofa^aiàdf`^õ ,
     
    
    
     
    >  <P?DOJMö<DIAJMH<OD>< oIgdHJlo%a^KM<>OD>J

    0+3+ >JI>GPNDJI @N

    Plk jr`e^( mrbp i^ñ jbqlalildÑ^p nrb pb mrbabk bk`lkqo^o bk bi jrkalabif
    ^rafqloÑ^ fkclojÄqf`^ v `lkqoli fkqbokl, Jr`e^p ebjlp sfpqlbkbpqb `^mÑqril, M^l
    `ljl obprjbk pb mlaoÑ^ ab`fonrbi^ jbqlalildÑ^bpbi corqlabi kfsbi molcbpflk^i( 
    `^a^ rklv a bpr sfpfàkab `àjl`lkpbdrfork jbgloobpriq^albk bi kfsbi ab`l f`Ä
    ab`^a^bkqfa^a*^rknrbbikfsbiab`lkqoliobpriq^kqbab_bpbopfjfi^o,

    Mbolbk ob^ifa^a qla^p bii^p plk eboo^jfbkq^p ab qo^_^gl jbglobp l mblobpip
    ^vra^k^`lkpbdrfojbglobpobpriq^alp, Pàilobpq^^kfj ^o^ilpmolcbpflk^ibpnrbib^
    bpqb if_ol^qo^_^g^o`lki^päkf`^peboo^jfbkq^psboa^abo^pabi^^rafqloÑ^vbi`l`ba
    I> >@QFQRA  v I> >MQFQRA * `lk rk^ ^`qfqra sfdfi^kqb v rk^ cloj^`fàó
    `lkqfkr^a^,

    0+4+ @E@H KGJ ?@H @OJ ? J GJ B ö< ?@<P?DOJM ö< ?@ PI<
    <KGD><>DúI

    H`oj_jgjbÄ\_`om\]\ej

    Obsfpfàka b `l kqolibppl _ ob ^mif`^`flkbp

    HZb]lang

    Abqbojfk^onrb ilp pfpqbj^p molar`bk fkcloj^`flkbp bu^`q^p v `ljmibq^p b^a


    jljbkqllmloqrkl, Bpq^Äob^bp q^i pb( i^jÄp fjmloq^kqbb kbi qo^_^glab^rafqloÑ^
    fkcloj^qfs^p,

    Ijg_jYeY\]dY j]naka|f

    /, Fabkqfcf`^obiÄob^^obsfp^o&mlobgbjmil*^m^oqfoabi`^ibka^oflabobsfpflkbp
    klqfcf`^o^i obpmlkp^_ibabi Äob^ v mobm^o^opb rqfifw^kal m^mbibpabqo^_^-óab
    ^rafqloÑ^p^kqboflobp,

    0, Fabkqfcf`^oi^pfkcloj^`flkbpkb`bp^of^pm^o^i^^rafqloÑ^v m^o^i^pmorb_^p,

    1, L_qbkbo fkcloj^`flkbpdbkbo^ibp pl_ob bi pfpqbj^, Bk bpq^bq^m^* pbabcfk^


    ilp l_gbqfslp v bi ^i`^k`b ab i^ ^rafqloÑ^* v pb fabkqfcf`^k ilp rrroflp
    bpmb`Ñcf`lpnrbbpq^oÑ^k^cb`q^alpmloi^^rafqloÑ^&mi^kabbkqobsfpq^p',

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