Hist 1 (RPH) - Former President of

the Philippine Historical

Association
LESSON 1: History
- He is also a municipal
as a Discipline mayor
HISTORY - According to the late
Mr. Zaide “it is not
 Comes ultimately from easy to write or
Ancient Greek rewrite a nation’s
(historia), meaning history. Not any body
“inquiry”, “knowledge can do it. As a saga of
from inquiry” or “Judge” human events and
 It is a discipline that personalities, History is
HISTORY IN CERTAIN
branch out from the written based on facts
LANGUAGES
Social Science field (primary and
 It is focused in studying secondary sources); it
the human past cannot be recorded out
events of pure imagination,
 The never-ending like a literary epic, a
process whereby romantic novel, a love
people seek to song, an elegant poem,
understand the past or any other genre of
and its many meanings fiction.”
(The American
Historical Association)
RENATO CONSTANTINO
KASAYSAYAN
- A Nationalist and
 Derive from the Historian
words: - he defined “history as
 Saysay the recorded struggle
(kwenta/halaga) of people for ever
 Salaysay (kwento) increasing freedom
 Sanaysay (nakalata) and for newer and
HISTORIANS/ higher realization of the
HISTOGRAPHERS human person”

LATE. GREGORIO F.
ZAIDE PROF. TEODORO A.
AGONCILLO
- Dean of Filipino
Histographers - University of the
- Founder of IAHA Philippines-Diliman
University Professor
 (national Scientist for 1. A study of the  Letters
History) present in the light  Archives
- He said that “history of the past  Artifacts
is written by every 2. History is the study  Witness
generation. Every of man  Accounts
generation writes its 3. History is  Diary
own history using the concerned with man  Journals
same sources. But the in time  Autobiography
interpretation varies 4. Objective record of  Sketch
according to time.” happenings  Map
5. Multisided  photograph
6. Infinite  interviews
ZEUS A. SALAAR, PH. D.
7. Not only a narration  video
- Father of Pantayong but also a analysis  audio recordings
Pananaw, Bagong 8. Relevant
SECONDARY SOURCES
Kasaysayan, Inc. 9. Comprehensivenes
- Retired UP Professor s  Books
- According to Salazar, 10. Dynamic  Oral History
Z. A., the study of  Biography
IMPORTANCE OF
history is refering to; HISTORY DIFFERENT TYPES OF
“salaysay na may SOURCES
saysay sa isang grupo 1. Looking for truth
ng tao at isinasalaysay 2. Contributes to 1. Written
nito sa sariling grupo moral 2. Verbal (Oral)
sa wika at mga understanding 3. Experiential
kategorya 3. Helps to understand 4. Landscape
nanauunawaan ng people and 5. Material
bawat isa.” societies
4. Make a better future
PROF. LAMBERTO R. 5. Promotes national LEVELS AND SUB-
OCAMPO identity FIELDS IN HISTORY:
- Known as “Ambeth” SOURCE
- Ateneo de Manila
University Professor - a place, person, or
- He states that “History thing from which
does not repeat itself; something comes or
WE repeat history.” can be obtained

NATURE OF HISTORY CLASSIFICATION OF

SOURCES
PRIMARY SOURCES

Additional:
“The Meaning of
History”
Speakers:
 Prof. Ma. Luisa
Camagay
 Prof. Ferdinand Llanes
 Prof. Ricardo Jose
- History is dynamic for
history is not finalized.
- History could change
depending on new
sources and DIFFERENT
interpretation present REPOSITORIES OF
in the generation. PHILIPPINR HISTORICAL
- History is all about SOURCES
context. Context of
1. Philippine
truth but with small
Repositories
“t”
- It includes NLP,
- History deals with
University and State
how things
Colleges libraries,
progressed or
Regional and Municipal
transitioned in the
libraries in the
past
Philippines
- History is a source of
sources
2. International
- Validating the source is Repositories
important in history. It - Referring to the
must be reliable and
different foreign
credible
institution in abroad
- History holds great that contains of
stand, power, and different collections
critical understanding related to the
- “History is very Filipiniana and
dynamic, very active archives collection.
and it is history in
every life. “
PHILIPPINE
REPOSITORIES:
2 IMPORTANT THINGS
TO CONSIDER IN
HISTORY
- Sources
- Methods in gathering
the sources
LESSON 2:
Criticism and
Philippine
Repositories
 - It is the practice of
verifying authenticity
of evidence by
examining its physical
characteristics;
consistency with the
historical characteristic
of the time when it was
produced; and the
materials used for the
evidence
- Examples of the things
that will be examined
conducting external
criticism of a document
include the quality of
the paper, the type of
the ink, and the
language and words
used in the materials.

INTERNAL CRITICISM
- It examines the
truthfulness of the
evidence.
- It looks at the contents
of the source and
examines the
circumstance of its
production
- Also looks for the
factuality of the
evidence by looking at
CRITICISM the author of the
EXTERNAL CRITICISM source, its context, the
agenda behind its
- It tests the creation, the
authenticity or knowledge which
genuineness of the informed it and its
INTERNATIONAL
document. intended purpose.
REPOSITORIES:
- Validating historical
sources is important
because the use of
unverified, falsified and
untruthful historical
sources can lead to
equally false
conclusions.
- Without thorough
criticisms of historical
evidence, historical
deceptions and lies will
be highly probable.
PROBLEMS AND
CHALLENGES IN
STUDYING PHILIPPINE
HISTORY:
1. Historical Revisionism
2. Historical Distortion /
Manipulation
3. Historical Denialism
4. Historical Cynicism
5. Historical Endogamy
6. Anachronism
7. Cultural Centrism
8. Translation
HISTORICAL
INSTITUTION:
- Ipinanganak noong
April 29, 1934 sa Tiwi,
Albay
- Ang kanyang mga
magulang ay sina
Ireneo Salazar at Luz
Salazar
- Panganay sa pitong
magkakapatid
- Kapwa nakapag-aral
sa Bikol at Maynila
bago pumasok sa
Pamantasan ng
Pilipinas noong 1951
- Nagtapos ng A.B.
History sa UP Diliman
noong 1955 at
pinarangalan bilang
Summa cum laude
- Nag-aral sa École
Nationale des Langues
Orientales Vivantes
(Paris), Freie
Universität Berlin
(Alemanya) at
Universiteit te Leiden
(Olandya).
LESSON 3: "Zeus - May Licence-ès-
lettres sa Prehistoric
A. Salazar: Ama ng Archaeology, General
Pantayong Linguistics, Ethnology
at History of Religions,
Pananaw"
Diplôme de Langue et
Zeus Atayza Salazar, Civilisation Malaises, at
Ph.D. Diplôme de Langue et
Civilisation Françaises,
- Bathala a.k.a. Dok
nagsanay rin siya ng
ZAS
Museology sa Musée
- Propesor, Historian,
de l'Homme (Paris,
Polyglot, Ama ng
Pransya).
Pantayong Pananaw
- Natamo niya ang
at Bagong
Docteur en
Kasaysayan, Inc.
Ethnologie sa
 Université de Paris - Naglektyur sa Instituto
noongã na may Italiano per a Medio ed
pinakamataas na Estremo Oriente
Karangalan. (Milano at Roma),
- Naging Propesor sa Universität Hamburg
Pamantasan ng (Alemanya) at Budva,
Pilipinas mula 1970 Montenegro.
hanggang 2000 - Binigyan ng parangal
- Naging taga-pangulo ng iba't ibang
ng Departamento ng institusyon at
Kasaysayan mula pamantasan.
1987 hanggang 1989 - Kasalukuyang
- Naging Dekano ng Professor Emeritus sa
kolehiyo ng Agham Polytechnic University
Panlipunan at of the Philippines, Sta.
Pilosopiya mula 1989 Mesa
hanggang 1992 Bagong kahulugan ng
- Nakapagturo din sa Kasaysayan ayon kay
Kagawaran ng Mga haligi sa pagsasa Zeus A. Salazar, Ph.D.
Sikolohiya at Filipino F/Pilipino ng Agham “Ang kasaysayan ay
sa Pamantasan ng Panlipunan salaysay ukol sa
DLSU-Maynila. Naging nakaraan/nakalipas na
panauhing propesor  Virgilio G. Enriquez, may saysay para sa
sa Universität Bremen Ph.D. sariling grupo na inuulat sa
at Universität Köln - (1942 - 1994) Ama ng sarili sa pamamagitan ng
(Alemanya), Écoles Sikolohiyang Pilipino sariling wika.”
des Hautes Études en  Prospero R Covar,
Sciences Sociales Ph.D.
(Paris), Dipartimento di - Ama ng Pilipinolohiya Sinasagot ng
Studi Aiatici, Instituto  Zeus A. Salazar, KASAYSAYAN ang mga
Universitario ī ntale Ph.D. tanong na:
(Napoli), Inter- - Ama ng Pantayong
Pananaw at Bagong •Ito ba ay may saysay?
University Center for
Post Graduate Studies, Kasaysayan •Kung may saysay, may
Dubrovik (Yugoslavia). saysay para kanino?
- Naging panauhing Kanino isinasalaysay?
propesor din siya sa
•Kung sa kapwa Pilipino
Department of
isinasalaysay, saang
Prehistory and
wika?
Anthropology sa
Australian National
University (Canberra).
Mga Elemento
1. Salaysay
2. Nakaraan o nakalipas Pantayong Pananaw
3. May saysay “Ang buod ng pantayong
pananaw ay nasa loob na
4. Sariling grupo
pagkakaugnay-ugnay at
5. Pag-uulat sa sarili pag-uunayugnay ng mga
katangian, pag-aasal, at
6. Gamit ang sariling wika karanasan ng isang
buong pangkalinangan
kabuuang nababalot sa, at
ipinapahayag sa
pamamagitan ng iisang
wika; ibig sabihin, sa loob
ng isang nagsasariling
talastasan/diskursong
pangkalinangan o
pangkabihasnan.”

Pananaw / Punto-de-
bista
Kabuuang palagay,
opinyon at pagtataya na
naglalahad ng sariling
posisyon hinggil sa
isang mahalagang paksa
o isyu.
Maaari itong magmula sa
isang indibidwal o maging Mga panloob na pag-aaral
isa pangkat o grupo ng at pananaliksik batay sa
mga tao. kultura / sibilisasyon at
Sa Kasaysayan at Agham pambansang
Panlipunan mas nakatuon pangangailangan na
ang Pantayong Pananaw isinasakatuparan gamit
sa grupo o pangkat ng tao ang mga panloob /
bilang lipunan-at- inangkin na mga konsepto,
kalinangan bilang isang lapit at metodo, sa Filipino.
komunidad o bayan. Batayan ng pagunawa sa
ibang mga bansa sa
pamamagitan ng “area
studies” para sa at
nakapaloob sa interes,
mga adhikain at kabuuang
kaalaman ng Filipino.

Bawat mga bansa ay may

kanikanilang mga
“Philippine Studies” para
sa at batay sa sariling
interes. Bawat isa ay
nagsusumikap na
makabuo ng
"pandaigdigang
pagkakaugnay-ugnay”
sa pamamagitan ng mga
kumperensya at katulad
na gawain [Cf. mga
kumperensyang I:
Amerikano, II:
Australyano, III: Europeo).
Ang wika ay Ingles o iyong
sa nagtataguyod na
bansa. Ang Pilipino bilang
wika mg kumperensya at
ipinapalagay na "kakaiba.”