FINE AND NON-FINITE VERB

Pengertian
Verb (kata kerja) dapat digolongkan menjadi finite dan non-finite. Berikut ini merupakan
pengertian dari finite dan non-finite verbs.
Finite verbs
Finite verbs merupakan suatu bentuk kata kerja yang
mengandung tenses: present atau past, dipengaruhi oleh agreement dengan subjeknya, juga
dipengaruhi oleh number atau jumlah (singular/plural).
contoh:
• She goes to school.
→ kata goes merupakan finite verb karena digunakan dalam present tense dan
terikat dengan subject she
Non-finite verbs
Non-finite verbs merupakan kebalikan dari Finite verbs, yaitu suatu bentuk kata kerja
yang tidak mengandung tenses: present atau past.
Non-finite verbs tidak dapat berdiri sendiri seperti finite verb, oleh karenanya non-finite verb bisa
diubah menjadi kata kerja yang berbentuk sebagai participle, gerund, infinitive (to dan bare).
contoh:
• She asked me to send this letter.
→ kata to send merupakan non-finite verb karena tidak terikat tenses, juga
memiliki tambahan particle to yang merupakan bentuk to infinitive
Macam
Berikut ini merupakan macam/tipe dari finite dan non-finite verbs.
Finite verbs
Finite verbs terbagi menjadi beberapa tipe dan dapat digunakan pada main
clause atau subordinate clause dalam sebuah kalimat. Berikut tipe yang merupakan finite verbs.
transitive/intransitive verbs
Finite verbs dapat berupa transitive (butuh objek) atau intransitive verbs (tidak butuh objek)
transitive verb
• I eat fried rice.
→ eat merupakan transitive verb dan merupakan finite verb
intransitive verb
• She always comes on time.
→ comes merupakan intransitive verb dan merupakan finite verb
action & stative verbs
Finite verbs dapat berupa action (menyatakan aksi) atau stative verbs (menyatakan kondisi)
action verb
• He jumps over the bridge.
→ jumps merupakan action verb dan merupakan finite verb
stative verb
• I love sunday.
→ love merupakan stative verb dan merupakan finite verb
linking verbs
Finite verbs dapat berupa linking verb
contoh:
• My bags weigh 45kg.
→ weigh merupakan linking verb dan merupakan finite verb
auxiliary verbs
Finite verbs dapat berupa auxiliary(is, are, do, does, did, may, might, etc).
contoh:
• She was waiting in the room.
→ was merupakan finite verb, sedangkan waiting merupakan non-finite verb
Non-finite verbs
Non-Finite verbs terbagi menjadi beberapa tipe, yaitu
Infinitive
Non-finite verbs dapat berupa to infinitive atau bare infinitive
• He wanted to find a solution.
→ to find merupakan non-finite verb
Gerund
Non-finite verbs dapat berupa gerund
• Playing football is nice.
→ playing merupakan non-finite verb
Participle
Present Participle
Present participle dapat berfungsi sebagai verb (membentuk continuous tense) dan adjective.
sebagai verb
• He is crying.
→ crying merupakan non-finite verb
sebagai adjective
• This is interesting.
→ interesting merupakan non-finite verb
Past Participle
Past participle dapat berfungsi sebagai verb (membentuk perfect tense passive voice)
dan adjective.
sebagai verb
• He has visited Bali.
→ visited merupakan non-finite verb
sebagai adjective
• I am bored.
→ bored merupakan non-finite verb
Latihan Soal
Exercise 1
Tentukan apakah kata yang digaris bawah termasuk finite atau non-finite verbs.
1. My little brother wants to be a doctor.
finite
non-finite

2. He asked me to call you.

non-finite
finite

3. She studied hard to pass the test.

finite
non-finite

4. We went to the zoo yesterday.

finite
non-finite

5. They always come late.

finite
non-finite

6. That cake smells good.

non-finite
finite

7. Cooking is difficult.
 finite
non-finite

8. The students were asked to submit the task.

finite
non-finite

9. Emily always sits on the front row.

finite
non-finite

10. The man runs to the store to get a gallon of milk.

non-finite
finite

Exercise 2
Manakah yang termasuk finite verb?
1. The teacher encouraged the students to work hard.
work
encouraged
hard

2. We have enough time to visit Borobudur temple.

have
visit
temple

3. They took out a $40000 mortgage to buy the house.

buy
took
mortgage

4. There are several places of interest to visit in the area.

interest
visit
are

5. I had something to eat before leaving.

eat
had
leaving

6. We flew to Paris.
 Paris
flew
We

7. I think we will need to pay a builder to take this wall down.

think
pay
take

8. I spoke to Emily last night.

spoke
night
to Emily

9. We stopped at some nearby shops to buy some food.

buy
stopped
nearby

10. She opened the door.

door
opened
She

Exercise 3
Manakah yang termasuk non-finite verb?
1. I certainly wouldn’t want to see him again.
would
certainly
see

2. Clark really dislikes cleaning the cooker.

cooker
dislikes
cleaning

3. To err is human.
is
human
err

4. Would you like to have lunch with me sometime?

 would
with
have

5. She tiptoed around the house so as not to wake anyone.

wake
tiptoed
around

6. She wanted him to wash his hands in the bathroom.

wash
wanted
hands

7. I like to get up early at the weekend.

get
weekend
like

8. Looking around, he noticed a letter on the floor.

looking
letter
noticed

9. You need to paint the whole cupboard, starting from the bottom.
bottom
starting
need

10. We persuaded them to join us.

persuaded
them
join