Introduction

PE2203 Transport Phenomena

Week 1

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 FLUID
is defined as a substance that deforms continuously
when acted on by a shearing stress of any magnitude

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PE2203 – Transport Phenomena 1 – Introduction 3

Unit and Dimension

 Primary and secondary quantity
 All equations are dimensionally homogeneous

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PE2203 – Transport Phenomena 1 – Introduction 4

Unit and Dimension – Example

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PE2203 – Transport Phenomena 1 – Introduction 5

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PE2203 – Transport Phenomena 1 – Introduction 6

System of Units
International System British Unit
 Length  meter (m)  Length  foot (ft)
 Time  second (s)  Time  second (s)
 Force  newton (N)  Force  pound-force (lbf)
 Temperature  Celsius (C)  Temperature  Fahrenheit (F)
 Absolute Temperature  Kelvin (K)  Absolute Temperature  Rankine (R)

 Mass  kilogram (kg)  Mass  slug (slug)

𝑔 = 9.807 𝑚
𝑠
𝑓𝑡
𝑔 = 32.174
𝑠

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PE2203 – Transport Phenomena 1 – Introduction 7

System of Units – Conversion

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PE2203 – Transport Phenomena 1 – Introduction 8

Unit – Class Exercise

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General vs Restricted Formula

Freely falling bodies equation:

d = distance traveled

g = 32.2 ft/s2

GENERAL FORMULA RESTRICTED FORMULA

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PE2203 – Transport Phenomena 1 – Introduction 11

Dimensionless Quantity – Example

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PE2203 – Transport Phenomena 1 – Introduction 13

Unit and Dimension – Class Exercise

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Fluid Properties What’s the dimension and the unit?

 Density (or specific volume)

 Specific weight
 Specific gravity
 Compressibility and Bulk Modulus  liquid as incompressible fluid Why at 4 deg-C?
 Vapor Pressure
 Surface Tension

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PE2203 – Transport Phenomena 1 – Introduction 19

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Newton’s Law of Viscosity
PE2203 Transport Phenomena
Week 1

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PE2203 – Transport Phenomena 1 – Introduction 21

Viscosity and No-Slip Boundary

velocity

force

The rate of shearing strain, γ

Shearing stress, τ is proportional to shearing strain, γ

No-Slip Boundary SEE VIDEO

Viscosity as the proportionality constant

Also called dynamic viscosity, absolute viscosity, or simply viscosity

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Viscosity and Fluid Type

 Newtonian (This course will only address this
type of fluid)
 Non-Newtonian
Dilatant

Pseudo-Plastic Exercise
- Plot shear rate (x-axis) vs viscosity (y-axis)

Unit?
Dynamic Visc. 𝜇
1 cP = 10-3 Pa.s

Kinematic Visc. 𝑣=
1 stokes is a kinematic viscosity of a fluid with
a density of 1 g/cm³ and a dynamic viscosity
of 1 poise.
Varying shear rate

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PE2203 – Transport Phenomena 1 – Introduction 23

Viscosity – Example

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PE2203 – Transport Phenomena 1 – Introduction 27

Viscosity – Example

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Viscosity – Class Exercise

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