Tương lai hoàn thành (the future perfect tense)

1.Form:

positive S + WILL HAVE + V3/Ved

negative S + WILL NOT (WON’T) + HAVE +V3/Ved
question Will + S + HAVE + V3/Ved
Wh + WILL + S + HAVE +V3/Ved

2. Usage:

a. Describe an action is completed BEFORE a moment in the future

ex: we will have paid the loan by August

I will have finished school before 4 o’clock this afternoon.

b. Describe an action will be finished BEFORE another action in the future

ex: they will have finished building a new bridge when they return to the town next year.

c. Describe an action that occurs and lasts up to a defined time in the future

ex: by the end of this month, they will have been here for 4 years.

3. Signals:

-By/Before + time adverbs in the future (by the end of this month, by next week, by then…)

-By the time/ when (action that occurs first in the future)

Ex: by the time/when you come back here, Nam will have graduated college.

-By the time/when + simple present, future perfect

Ex: by the time/when you wake up tomorrow morning, Nam will have arrived in Ha Noi