Adolescence & Reproduction

Lecture # 5
Advance
Class VIII
BIOLOGY
Female reproductive System
 Organs
 A pair of
ovaries
 Two Oviduct
 Uterus
 Functions
 Pathway of
Egg travel
Female reproductive System
 Ovaries :- It is primary female sex organ that produce
female gamete or ovum (oogenesis).
 It is located one on each side of the lower abdomen
near the kidney.
 One ovum is released every month alternatively by one
of the ovary.
 It also produces hormones that is progesterone and
estrogen.
 Oviducts :- These are paired coiled tubes like structure
that transport egg from ovary to uterus.
 It is site of fertilisation.
Female reproductive System
Uterus :-
 It is inverted pear shaped.
 It is single and is also called as womb.
 Wall of uterus has 3 walls
 External thin membrane – Perimetrium
 Middle thick layer of smooth muscle – Myometrium
 Inner glandular layer that line uterine cavity - Endometrium
 Uterus opens into vagina through narrow cervix.
 The cavity of cervix is called cervical canal.
 Cervical canal along with vagina forms birth canal.
Fertilisation
 It is fusion of nuclei of sperm and ovum to form zygote.
 It takes place in fallopian tube/Oviduct.
It is of two types based on the site of fertilisation
 Internal fertilisation :- eg. Human, cow, dog
 External fertilisation :- eg. Frog and also IVF
There are three types of animal on the basis of development
of embryo
 Oviparous :- eg. Frog, lizard, butterfly, birds
 Viviparous :- eg. Human, cow, lion
 Ovoviviparous :- Embryo develop inside egg present in
mother’s body and alive animals are born. Eg. Snake,
shark etc.