EXPERIMENT NO.

09
AIM: To study Operational
Amplifier as Adder and Subtractor.
COMPONENTS REQUIRED:
Sr. No. Apparatus Used
Specification Quantity
Function generator 3 MHz (Scientific)
HM5030
2. Regulated power supply +5V, 0-30V Variable
3. CRO
Dual Trace (30MHz)
4. IC 741
5V-15V @ 20mA
5. Resistors (1KQ)-4 IKQ14W
6. IC bread board trainer
5to15V@ 1Amp.
7. Connection Wire Single core As Required

THEORY: - An operational amplifier (or an op-amp) is an integrated circuit (IC) that operates as a voltage amplifier.

An op-amp has a differential input. That is, it has two inputs of opposite polarity. An op-amp has a single output and
a very high gain, which means that the
output signal is much higher than input signal. The two input terminals are:
(1) Inverting Terminal (1) Non- Inverting Terminal

Input at the Inverting terminal is amplified and phase shifted by 180 while the input at the non-invertingterminal is
amplified without phase shift. OP-Amp basically amplifies difference of signals at the two terminals.

OFFSET NULL NC
non-inverting
INVERTINGINPUT 2 Output
NON-INVERTING INPUT 6 OUTPUT

inverting
V-
4 OFFSET NULL

Fig. 1 (a) Pin Diagram of IC 741 (b) Symbol of Op-amp

The adder can be obtained by using cither non-inverting mode or differential amplilier. Here the
inverting mode is used. So the inputs are applied through resistors to the inverting terminal and non-
41
 at thatterminal is
This is called "virtual ground", i.e. the voltage
aal is grounded. be used for the inputs by selecting
1, any scale factor can
werting termin

is
summing amplifier
gain
afthis
o fth

The
b r o p e re x t e r n a l r e s i s
k r o
esistors.

(VI+V2)
Output of adder Vo
= -

R ww
w 12V

W
741
R2

Adder
Circuit diagram of
Fig.(a) appropriate
selecting
desired
values by However

scaled to the amplifier.

can be to as
scaling one.
The
signals referred to
input circuit is is equal
circuit, the of amplifier
subtractor this is done, the gain minus the voltage
he value. So
When terminal

equal in
resistors.
the non-inverting

values for
are
to the
resistors
external
all applied sub-tractor.

circuit voltage
in this to the is called a

Vo is equal
circuit
h e n c e the
voltage
output ternminal;
inverting (VI-V2)
to the Vo
= -

applied tractor

Output ofSub
R
W
o+12V
R 7
aut
741

.12V
R2
S u b t r a c t o r

of
diagram
Circuit +12V
Fig.(b) each. Use 0-
10KQ
Rf=
RI, R2,
choosing

diagram terminal.
circuit inverting
Procedure: shown
in at the
nputs
the circuit
as to the
IC.
apply
two
A s s e m b l e
supply supply,
provide power
terminal
output
to
terminals ofthe combinations.

0-30V
and 5V five input
multi-meter least

forat
.Using with Adder.
each input m u l t i - m e t e r for
Measure inputs subtractor
with two for
M e a s u r e
the output
the
sum ofthe of the
t w o inputs
with d i f f e r e n c e

output

O m p a r e
the with the
output
Compare
the
And

Observation Table/Observations:
42
 For Adder
(a)

S.No. Vi (V) V2 (Volt) V= V1+ V2 (Volt)

1.

2.

3.

(b) For Sub tractor

S.No. Vi (Volt) V2 (Volt) V=V1-V2(Volt)

1.

2
3.

Result And Discussion:

Precautions: starting the experiment.
before
should be zero
1. Power supply voltage
ammeter in correct polarities.
2. Connect the voltmeter and checked the cireuit
unless you have
3. Do not switch on the power supply
4. Connections as per the circuit diagram.